View source for Medicine:Timeline of vaccines

This is a timeline of the development of prophylactic human [[Biology:Vaccine|vaccine]]s. Early vaccines may be listed by the first year of development or testing, but later entries usually show the year the vaccine finished trials and became available on the market. Although vaccines exist for the diseases listed below, only [[Medicine:Smallpox|smallpox]] has been eliminated worldwide. The other vaccine-preventable illnesses continue to cause millions of deaths each year.<ref>[https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5518a4.htm Vaccine Preventable Deaths and the Global Immunization Vision and Strategy, 2006--2015], ''MMWR'', CDC, 12 May 2006</ref> Currently, [[Medicine:Polio|polio]] and [[Medicine:Measles|measles]] are the targets of active worldwide [[Biology:Eradication of infectious diseases|eradication campaigns]].

==18th century==
*1797 Edward Jenner develops and documents first [[Medicine:Smallpox vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Smallpox|smallpox]] (the first vaccine ever developed in history)

==19th century==

* 1884 First [[Medicine:Cholera vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Cholera|cholera]]
* 1885 First [[Medicine:Rabies vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Rabies|rabies]] by Louis Pasteur and Émile Roux<ref>[http://www.immunize.org/timeline/ Historic Dates and Events Related to Vaccines and Immunization], Immunization Action Coalition, immunize.org, December 30, 2016</ref>
* 1890 First [[Medicine:Tetanus vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Tetanus|tetanus]] (serum antitoxin)
* 1896 First [[Medicine:Typhoid vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Typhoid fever|typhoid fever]]
* 1897 First vaccine for [[Medicine:Bubonic plague|bubonic plague]]

==20th century==

* 1921 First [[Medicine:BCG vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Tuberculosis|tuberculosis]] 
* 1923 First [[Medicine:Diphtheria vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Diphtheria|diphtheria]] 
* 1924 First [[Medicine:Scarlet fever#Prevention|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Scarlet fever|scarlet fever]]
* 1924 First [[Biology:Vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Tetanus|tetanus]] (tetanus toxoid, TT)
* 1926 First [[Medicine:Pertussis vaccine|vaccine]] for pertussis (whooping cough) 
* 1932 First [[Medicine:Yellow fever vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Yellow fever|yellow fever]]
* 1937 First [[Medicine:Typhus vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Typhus|typhus]]
* 1941 First [[Medicine:Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Tick-borne encephalitis|Tick-borne encephalitis]]
* 1945 First [[Medicine:Influenza vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Influenza|influenza]]
* 1952 First [[Engineering:Polio vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Polio|polio]] (Salk vaccine)
* 1954 First [[Medicine:Japanese encephalitis vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Japanese encephalitis|Japanese encephalitis]]
* 1954 First [[Social:Anthrax vaccines|vaccine]] for anthrax
* 1957 First [[Medicine:Adenovirus vaccine|vaccine]] for adenovirus-4 and 7
* 1962 First oral [[Medicine:Polio|polio]] vaccine (Sabin vaccine)
* 1963 First [[Medicine:Measles vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Measles|measles]]
* 1967 First [[Medicine:Mumps vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Mumps|mumps]]
*1969 First [[Biology:Vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Cancer|cancer]]
* 1970 First [[Medicine:Rubella vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Rubella|rubella]] 
* 1974 First [[Medicine:Varicella vaccine|vaccine]] for chicken pox
* 1977 First [[Medicine:Pneumococcal vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Pneumonia|pneumonia]] (''[[Biology:Streptococcus pneumoniae|Streptococcus pneumoniae]]'')
* 1978 First [[Medicine:Meningococcal vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Meningitis|meningitis]] (''[[Biology:Neisseria meningitidis|Neisseria meningitidis]]'')
* 1980 Smallpox declared eradicated worldwide due to vaccination efforts
* 1981 First [[Medicine:Hepatitis B vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Hepatitis B|hepatitis B]] (first vaccine to target a cause of [[Medicine:Cancer|cancer]])
* 1985 First [[Medicine:Hib vaccine|vaccine]] for ''Haemophilus influenzae'' type b (HiB)
* 1989 First vaccine for [[Medicine:Q fever|Q fever]]<ref>[http://www.meatiesohs.org/files/Q_Fever_booklet.pdf A Guide to Q fever and Q fever vaccination], CSL Biotherapies, 2009</ref>
* 1991 First [[Medicine:Hepatitis A vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Hepatitis A|hepatitis A]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Patravale|first1=Vandana|last2=Dandekar|first2=Prajakta|last3=Jain|first3=Ratnesh|title=Nanoparticulate drug delivery perspectives on the transition from laboratory to market|date=2012|publisher=Woodhead Pub.|location=Oxford|isbn=9781908818195|page=212|edition=1. publ.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VWdEAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA212|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* 1998 First vaccine for [[Unsolved:Lyme disease|Lyme disease]]
* 1998 First [[Medicine:Rotavirus vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Biology:Rotavirus|rotavirus]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3460207/|title=The First Rotavirus Vaccine and the Politics of Acceptable Risk|last=Schwartz|first=Jason L.|journal=The Milbank quarterly|volume=90|issue=2|year=2012|page=278-310|doi=10.1111/j.1468-0009.2012.00664.x}}</ref>

==21st century==
* 2003 First nasal [[Medicine:Influenza vaccine|influenza vaccine]] approved in U.S. (FluMist)
* 2006 First [[Medicine:HPV vaccine|vaccine]] for human papillomavirus (which is a cause of [[Medicine:Cervical cancer|cervical cancer]])
* 2012 First vaccine for [[Medicine:Hepatitis E|hepatitis E]]<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29708836|title=Development of new hepatitis E vaccines.|author=Cao Y, Bing Z, Guan S, Zhang Z, Wang X|journal=Human Vaccine & Immunotherapics|volume=14|issue=9|page=2254-2262|year=2018|doi= 10.1080/21645515.2018.1469591}}</ref>
* 2012 First quadrivalent (4-strain) [[Medicine:Influenza vaccine|influenza vaccine]]
* 2015 First vaccine for [[Biology:Enterovirus 71|enterovirus 71]], one cause of hand foot mouth disease<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26732723/?ncbi_mmode=std|title=EV71 vaccine, a new tool to control outbreaks of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD)|last1=Mao|first1=Qun-ying|last2=Wang|first2=Yiping|last3=Bian|first3=Lianlian|last4=Xu|first4=Miao|last5=Liang|first5=Zhenglun|date=May 2016|access-date=27 December 2019|journal=
Expert Review of Vaccines|volume=15|issue=5|page=599-606|doi=10.1586/14760584.2016.1138862}}</ref> 
* 2015 First [[Unsolved:Malaria vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Malaria|malaria]]<ref>[http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/2015/07/malaria-vaccine-approval-first-marred-efficacy-question-mark Malaria vaccine approval first marred by efficacy question mark], ''Chemistry World'', Maria Burke, 29 July 2015</ref>
* 2015 First [[Medicine:Dengue vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Dengue fever|dengue fever]].<ref>[http://www.nasdaq.com/article/sanofis-dengue-vaccine-dengvaxia-gains-brazilian-approval-cm559762#ixzz3zjNdDtnJ Sanofi's Dengue Vaccine Dengvaxia Gains Brazilian Approval], Zacks Equity Research, Zacks.com, December 29, 2015</ref>
* 2019 First [[Medicine:Ebola vaccine|vaccine]] for [[Medicine:Ebola|ebola]].<ref>{{cite press release | title=Merck's Ervebo [Ebola Zaire Vaccine (rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP) live] Granted Conditional Approval in the European Union | publisher=Merck | via=Business Wire | date=11 November 2019 | url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20191111005601/en/Merck%E2%80%99s-ERVEBO%C2%AE-Ebola-Zaire-Vaccine-rVSV%CE%94G-ZEBOV-GP-live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191111221058/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20191111005601/en/Merck%E2%80%99s-ERVEBO%C2%AE-Ebola-Zaire-Vaccine-rVSV%CE%94G-ZEBOV-GP-live | archive-date=11 November 2019 | url-status=live | access-date=11 November 2019}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[History:Timeline of global health|Timeline of global health]]
* [[Biology:History of smallpox|History of smallpox]]
* [[Medicine:Timeline of cholera|Timeline of cholera]]
* List of diseases eliminated from the United States

==Sources==
<references/>
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060721121907/http://keepkidshealthy.com/welcome/immunizations/immunization_timeline.html keepkidshealthy] claims "References: the CDC and Mandell: Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 5th ed.," as its source.

{{Vaccines}}

[[Category:Medicine timelines|Vaccines]]
[[Category:Vaccines|*Timeline]]

{{Sourceattribution|Timeline of vaccines|1}}