Biology:Lepraria

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Short description: Genus of lichens


Lepraria
Lepraria lobificans (EU).jpg
Lepraria lobificans
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Lecanorales
Family: Stereocaulaceae
Genus: Lepraria
Ach. (1803)
Type species
Lepraria incana
(L.) Ach. (1803)
Synonyms[1]
  • Pulina Adans (1763)
  • Conia Vent. (1799)
  • Epinyctis Wallr. (1831)
  • Amphiloma Nyl. (1855)
  • Leproloma Nyl. (1883)
  • Leproloma Nyl. ex Cromb. (1894)

Lepraria is a genus of leprose crustose lichens that grows on its substrate like patches of granular, caked up, mealy dust grains.[2][3] Members of the genus are commonly called dust lichens.[3]:305[4][5] The main vegetative body (thallus) is made of patches of soredia (little balls of algae wrapped in fungus).[3] There are no known mechanisms for sexual reproduction, yet members of the genus continue to speciate.[2][3] Some species can form marginal lobes and appear squamulose.[3] Because of the morphological simplicity of the thallus and the absence of sexual structures, the composition of lichen products (i.e., secondary metabolites made by lichens) are important characters to distinguish between similar species in Lepraria.[6]

Taxonomy

Lepraria was circumscribed in 1803 by Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius.[7] Jack Laundon assigned Lepraria incana as the type species of the genus in 1992.[8] It is in the family Stereocaulaceae.[9]

Species

Lepraria finkii
Lepraria harrisiana
Lepraria lanata
Lepraria xerophila
  • Lepraria achariana Flakus & Kukwa (2007)[10] – South America
  • Lepraria alba (Roth) Ach. (1799)
  • Lepraria albicans (Th.Fr.) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
  • Lepraria alpina (B.de Lesd.) Tretiach & Baruffo (2006)
  • Lepraria alternata Elix (2013)[11] – Australia
  • Lepraria arbuscula (Nyl.) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
  • Lepraria atlantica Orange (2001)
  • Lepraria atrotomentosa Orange & Wolseley (2001)
  • Lepraria aurescens Orange & Wolseley (2005)[12] – Thailand
  • Lepraria barbatica Lendemer (2010)[13]
  • Lepraria bergensis Tønsberg (2002)[14]
  • Lepraria borealis Loht. & Tønsberg (1994)[15]
  • Lepraria brasiliensis Elix, A.A.Spielm. & Øvstedal (2010)
  • Lepraria brodoi Lendemer & Tønsberg (2014)[16] – North America
  • Lepraria cacuminum (A.Massal.) Kümmerl. & Leuckert (1995)
  • Lepraria caesiella R.C.Harris (2005)
  • Lepraria caesioalba (B.de Lesd.) J.R.Laundon (1992)
  • Lepraria celata Slav.-Bay. (2006)
  • Lepraria chileana Grewe, Barcenas-Peña, R.Diaz & Lumbsch (2021)[17] – Chile
  • Lepraria congesta (Nyl.) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
  • Lepraria crassissima (Hue) Lettau (1958)
  • Lepraria cryophila Lendemer (2010)[13]
  • Lepraria cryptovouauxii Kukwa, Flakus & Guzow-Krzemińska (2019)
  • Lepraria cupressicola (Hue) J.R.Laundon (2008)
  • Lepraria dibenzofuranica Elix (2008)[18] – Australia
  • Lepraria diffusa (J.R.Laundon) Kukwa (2002)
  • Lepraria disjuncta Lendemer (2010)[13]
  • Lepraria ecorticata (J.R.Laundon) Kukwa (2006)
  • Lepraria elobata Tønsberg (1992)
  • Lepraria friabilis Lendemer, K.Knudsen & Elix (2008)
  • Lepraria gelida Tønsberg & Zhurb. (2006)[19]
  • Lepraria glaucosorediata Flakus & Kukwa (2009)
  • Lepraria goughensis Elix & Øvstedal (2005)
  • Lepraria gracilescens (Nyl.) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
  • Lepraria granulata Slav.-Bay. (2007)[20] – Eastern and Central Europe
  • Lepraria granulosa Slav.-Bay. (2007)
  • Lepraria harrisiana Lendemer (2012)
  • Lepraria hodkinsoniana Lendemer (2011)
  • Lepraria humida Slav.-Bay. & Orange (2006)
  • Lepraria impossibilis Sipman (2004)
  • Lepraria incana (L.) Ach. (1803)
  • Lepraria indica Rajesh Bajpai & Upreti (2018)[21] – India
  • Lepraria isidiata (Llimona) Llimona & A.Crespo (2004)
  • Lepraria jackii Tønsberg (1992)
  • Lepraria juanfernandezii M.Kukwa (2019)
  • Lepraria lanata Tønsberg (2007)[22]
  • Lepraria larrainiana Lendemer (2010)[23] – Chile
  • Lepraria lecanorica Tønsberg (2004)
  • Lepraria lendemeri Bungartz, Elix, G.Hillmann & Kalb (2013)
  • Lepraria leuckertiana (Zedda) L.Saag (2009)
  • Lepraria lobata Elix & Kalb (2006)[24] – Australia
  • Lepraria lobificans Nyl. (1873)
  • Lepraria maderensis Kukwa & Flakus (2011)
  • Lepraria malouina Øvstedal (2012)[25] – Falkland Islands
  • Lepraria membranacea (Dicks.) Vain. (1921)
  • Lepraria methylbarbatica Elix (2008)
  • Lepraria multiacida Aptroot (2002)
  • Lepraria neojackii Flakus & Kukwa (2007)
  • Lepraria neozelandica Barcenas-Peña, Grewe & Lumbsch (2021)[17] – New Zealand
  • Lepraria nigrocincta Diederich, Sérus. & Aptroot (1997)
  • Lepraria nivalis J.R.Laundon (1992)
  • Lepraria normandinoides Lendemer & R.C.Harris (2007)
  • Lepraria nothofagi Elix & Kukwa (2010)
  • Lepraria nylanderiana Kümmerl. & Leuckert (1995)
  • Lepraria ohmiensis Kashiw., Keis. Kobay. & K.H.Moon (2009)
  • Lepraria oxybapha Lendemer (2012)
  • Lepraria pacifica Lendemer (2011)
  • Lepraria pallida Sipman (2004)
  • Lepraria pseudoarbuscula (Asahina) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
  • Lepraria pulchra Orange & Wolseley (2005)
  • Lepraria rigidula (B.de Lesd.) Tønsberg (1992)
  • Lepraria salazinica Tønsberg (2007)[22]
  • Lepraria santosii Argüello & A.Crespo (2006)
  • Lepraria sekikaica Elix (2011)
  • Lepraria sipmaniana (Kümmerl. & Leuckert) Kukwa (2002)
  • Lepraria squamatica Elix (2006)
  • Lepraria stephaniana Elix, Flakus & Kukwa (2010)
  • Lepraria subalbicans (I.M.Lamb) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
  • Lepraria sulphurella Räsänen (1949)
  • Lepraria svalbardensis Tønsberg (2009)
  • Lepraria sylvicola Orange (2006)[26]
  • Lepraria tenella (Tuck.) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. (2013)
  • Lepraria toilenae Kantvilas & Kukwa (2006)
  • Lepraria torii Pérez-Ort. & T.Sprib. (2009)[27]
  • Lepraria umbricola Tønsberg (1992)
  • Lepraria ulrikii Grewe, Barcenas-Peña, R.Diaz & Lumbsch (2021)[17] – Australasia
  • Lepraria vouauxii (Hue) R.C.Harris (1987)
  • Lepraria xanthonica Lendemer (2010)[13]
  • Lepraria xerophila Tønsberg (2004)
  • Lepraria zeorinica (L.Saag) Kukwa (2009)


References

  1. ↑ "Synonymy. Current Name: Lepraria Ach., Methodus, Sectio prior (Stockholmiæ): 3 (1803)". Species Fungorum. https://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/SynSpecies.asp?RecordID=8732. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 A taxonomic revision of the North American species of Lepraria s.l. that produce divaricatic acid, with notes on the type species of the genus L. incana, James C. Lendemer , Mycologia 103(6): 1216-1229, [1]
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ISBN:978-0-300-19500-2
  4. ↑ Dust Lichen (Lepraria), Encyclopedia of Life
  5. ↑ USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Name Search
  6. ↑ Fehrer, Judith; Slavíková-Bayerová, Štěpánka; Orange, Alan (2008). "Large genetic divergence of new, morphologically similar species of sterile lichens from Europe (Lepraria, Stereocaulaceae, Ascomycota): concordance of DNA sequence data with secondary metabolites". Cladistics 24 (4): 443–458. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00216.x. PMID 34879629. 
  7. ↑ Acharius, E. (1803) (in la). Methodus qua Omnes Detectos Lichenes Secundum Organa Carpomorpha ad Genera, Species et Varietates Redigere atque Observationibus Illustrare Tentavit Erik Acharius. Stockholm: Impensis F.D.D. Ulrich. p. 3. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44218093. 
  8. ↑ Laundon, Jack R. (1992). "Lepraria in the British Isles". The Lichenologist 24 (4): 315–350. doi:10.1017/S002428299200046X. 
  9. ↑ Lichens of North America. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. 2001. ISBN 0-300-08249-5. 
  10. ↑ Flakus, Adam; Elix, John A.; Rodriguez, Pamela; Kukwa, Martin (2007). "New species and records of Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) from South America". The Lichenologist 43 (1): 57–66. doi:10.1017/S0024282910000502. 
  11. ↑ Elix, J.A. (2013). "New crustose lichen taxa (lichenized Ascomycota) from Australia". Australasian Lichenology 73: 45–53. 
  12. ↑ Orange, Alan; Wolseley, Patricia (2005). "Two new thamnolic acid-containing Lepraria species from Thailand". The Lichenologist 37 (3): 247–250. doi:10.1017/S0024282905015136. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 Lendemer, James C. (2010). "Notes on Lepraria s.l. (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) in North America: New species, new reports, and preliminary keys". Brittonia 62 (3): 267–292. doi:10.1007/s12228-010-9142-4. 
  14. ↑ Tønsberg, T. (2002). "Notes on non-corticolous Lepraria s. lat. in Norway". Graphis Scripta 13 (2): 45–51. 
  15. ↑ Lohtander, K. (1994). "The genus Lepraria in Finland". Annales Botanici Fennici 31 (4): 223–231. 
  16. ↑ Lendemer, J.C.; Tønsberg, T. (2014). "Lepraria brodoi (Stereocaulaceae, Lichenized Ascomycetes), a new species from the temperate rainforests of western Canada and southeastern Alaska, U.S.A.". Opuscula Philolichenum 13: 20–25. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Barcenas-Peña, Alejandrina; Diaz, Rudy; Grewe, Felix; Widhelm, Todd; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2021). "Contributions to the phylogeny of Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae) species from the Southern Hemisphere, including three new species". The Bryologist 124 (4): 494–505. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-124.4.494. 
  18. ↑ Elix, J.A. (2008). "Additional new lichen taxa (lichenized Ascomycota) from Australia". Australasian Lichenology 63: 30–36. 
  19. ↑ Tønsberg, T.; Zhurbenko, M. (2006). "Lepraria gelida, a new species from the Arctic". Graphis Scripta 18: 64. 
  20. ↑ Slavíková-Bayerová, Štěpánka; Fehrer, Judith (2007). "New species of the Lepraria neglecta group (Stereocaulaceae, Ascomycota) from Europe". The Lichenologist 39 (4): 319–327. doi:10.1017/s0024282907006688. 
  21. ↑ Baajpai, R.; Nayaka, S.; Upreti, D.K. (2018). "The Lichen genera Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae) and Leprocaulon (Leprocaulaceae) in India". Phytotaxa 356 (2): 101–116. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.356.2.1. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Tønsberg, T. (2007). "Notes on the lLichen genus Lepraria in Great Smoky Mountains National Park; southeastern North America: Lepraria lanata and L. salazinica spp. nov.". Opuscula Philolichenum 4: 51–54. 
  23. ↑ Lendemer, James C. (2010). "Lepraria larrainiana (Stereocaulaceae, lichenized Ascomycetes), a new species from central Chile". Gayana Botánica 67 (2): 238–241. doi:10.4067/S0717-66432010000200010. 
  24. ↑ Elix, J.A. (2006). "New species of sterile crustose lichens from Australasia". Mycotaxon 94: 219–224. 
  25. ↑ Fryday, Alan M.; Øvstedal, Dag O. (2012). "New species, combinations and records of lichenized fungi from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)". The Lichenologist 44 (4): 483–500. doi:10.1017/s0024282912000163. 
  26. ↑ Slavíková-Bayerová, štěpánka; Orange, Alan (2006). "Three new species of Lepraria (Ascomycota, Stereocaulaceae) containing fatty acids and atranorin". The Lichenologist 38 (6): 503–513. doi:10.1017/S0024282906006177. 
  27. ↑ Pérez-Ortega, S.; Spribille, T. (2009). "Lepraria torii, a new epiphytic species with fumarprotocetraric acid from northwest North America". Graphis Scripta 21 (2): 36–41. 

Wikidata ☰ Q6527811 entry



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