Medicine:Onychotillomania
| Onychotillomania |
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Onychotillomania is a compulsive behavior in which a person picks constantly at the nails or tries to tear them off.[1] It is not the same as onychophagia, where the nails are bitten or chewed or dermatillomania, where skin is bitten or scratched.Onychotillomania can be categorized as a body-focused repetitive behavior in the DSM-5 and is a form of skin picking, also known as excorciation disorder.
It can be associated with psychiatric disorders such as depressive neurosis, delusions of infestation[2] and hypochondriasis.[3]
It was named by Jan Alkiewicz, a Polish dermatologist.[4]
The constant destruction of the nail bed leads to onychodystrophy, paronychia[5] and darkening of the nail.[6]
Some cases have been treated successfully with antipsychotics.[7]
One cheap solution suggested by researchers is to cover the proximal nail fold with a Cyanoacrylate glue. "The mechanism of action for improvement is probably related to the presence of an obstacle to picking."[8]
See also
- Onychophagia
References
- ↑ Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology (10th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier. 2006. ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6.
- ↑ "Onychotillomania. 2 case reports". Dermatologica 171 (3): 200–2. 1985. doi:10.1159/000249420. PMID 4076493.
- ↑ "Two Cases of Onychotillomania." (in Korean). Korean J Dermatol 44 (7): 855–857. July 2006. ISSN 0494-4739.
- ↑ "Professor Jan Alkiewicz, MD, and his influence on 20th century dermatology and mycology". Clinics in Dermatology 27 (3): 317–322. 2009. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2008.10.009. PMID 19368061.
- ↑ Clinical Management of Psychodermatology. Berlin: Springer. 2009. p. 21. ISBN 978-3-540-34718-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=NHnEMdgKJbIC&lpg=PR3&ots=kAcrxvX9DD&dq=Onychotillomania&lr&pg=PA21#v=onepage&q=Onychotillomania&f=false.
- ↑ "Nail biting and picking as a possible cause of longitudinal melanonychia. A study of 6 cases". Dermatologica 181 (2): 126–8. 1990. doi:10.1159/000247900. PMID 2242780.
- ↑ "Onychotillomania treated with pimozide (Orap)". Acta Derm. Venereol. 62 (4): 364–366. 1982. PMID 6183881.
- ↑ "Inexpensive solution for habit-tic deformity". Archives of Dermatology 146 (11): 1222–3. November 2010. doi:10.1001/archdermatol.2010.287. PMID 21079056.
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