Earth:Port MacDonnell, South Australia

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Short description: Town in South Australia
Port MacDonnell
South Australia
View West to Port Macdonnell from Racecourse Bay.jpg
View West to Port Macdonnell from Racecourse Bay
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Coordinates [ ⚑ ] : 38°03′0″S 140°41′0″E / 38.05°S 140.683333°E / -38.05; 140.683333[1]
Established1860 (town)
31 October 1996 (locality)[1][2]
Postcode(s)5291[3]
Location
LGA(s)District Council of Grant[1]
RegionLimestone Coast[4]
CountyGrey[1]
State electorate(s)Mount Gambier[5]
Federal Division(s)Barker[6]
Mean max temp Mean min temp Annual rainfall
19.0 °C
66 °F		 8.2 °C
47 °F		 708.4 mm
27.9 in
Localities around Port MacDonnell:
Cape Douglas Allendale East Eight Mile Creek
Cape Douglas Port MacDonnell Eight Mile Creek
Ocean Ocean
Racecourse Bay		 Ocean
FootnotesLocations[3]
Climate[7]
Adjoining localities[1]

Port MacDonnell, originally known as Ngaranga[8][9] is the southernmost town in South Australia. The small port located in the Limestone Coast region about 477 kilometres (296 mi) southeast of Adelaide and 28 kilometres (17 mi) south of Mount Gambier in the District Council of Grant local government area. Once a busy shipping port, the town now relies heavily on its fishing and summer tourism industries, particularly rock lobster harvest industry, proclaiming itself "Australia's Southern Rock Lobster Capital".[10]

History

The area was originally inhabited by the Bungandidj Aboriginal people, who referred to it as Ngaranga, possibly meaning "noisy" or "caves".[9] Their oral history recorded that the dry land previously extended southwards from this area, before it was flooded.[8]

The first Europeans to see the area were led by explorer Lieutenant James Grant in HMS Lady Nelson on 3 December 1800.[11] In 1860 the area was proclaimed an official port, was given a name, and was surveyed. It is named after Sir Richard Graves MacDonnell who was Governor of South Australia from 1855 to 1862.[12]

In the 1880s, it was one of Australia's busiest ports, shipping large quantities of wheat and wool to Europe.

The port was, however, exposed to the weather and the site of many shipwrecks.[13] Across the border in Portland, Victoria, 85 km southeast, is a much more sheltered port.

The following have been listed as state heritage places on the South Australian Heritage Register – the Cape Northumberland Lighthouse, the Dingley Dell Museum and the Former Port MacDonnell customs house.[14][15][16]

Geography

The town of Port MacDonnell is set on flat swampy land in a bay between rocky capes of spectacular wave eroded formations the most spectacular being those to the near west at Cape Northumberland. The port's harbour itself is formed by a large artificially constructed rock breakwater, while the coastline is sandy beaches and rock outcrops providing shelter to the port from the rough seas. The rock provides substantial habitat for the southern rock lobster which is the town's main industry and colonies of little penguin.

Lighthouse

Cape Northumberland has a prominent lighthouse which dates to 1882. An earlier 1858 lighthouse was the first in South Australia however was demolished after it was in danger of collapse. A monument marks the site.[17]

Governance

Port MacDonnell is located within the federal division of Barker, the state electoral district of Mount Gambier and the local government area of the District Council of Grant.[6][5][1]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "Search results for 'Port MacDonnell, LOCB' with the following datasets being selected – 'Suburbs and Localities', 'Counties', "Government towns','Local Government Areas', 'SA Government Regions' and 'Gazetteer'". Government of South Australia. http://location.sa.gov.au/viewer/?map=roads&x=140.72903&y=-38.04298&z=13&uids=19,2,115,11,20,105&pinx=140.699740&piny=-38.053570&pinTitle=Location&pinText=Port+Macdonnell,+Locb. 
  2. ↑ Kentish, P.M. (31 October 1996), "GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES ACT 1991, Notice to Assign Boundaries and Names to Places", The South Australian Government Gazette: 1517, http://www8.austlii.edu.au/au/other/sa_gazette/1996/125/1517.pdf, retrieved 19 April 2018 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Postcode for Port Macdonnell, South Australia". postcodes-australia.com. http://www.postcodes-australia.com/areas/sa/country+south+australia/port+macdonnell. 
  4. ↑ "Limestone Coast SA Government region". The Government of South Australia. http://www.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/8589/Limestone_Coast_SA_Government_region.pdf. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "District of Mount Gambier Background Profile". Electoral Commission SA. http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/component/edocman/?task=document.download&id=569&Itemid=0. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Federal electoral division of Barker". Australian Electoral Commission. http://www.aec.gov.au/profiles/sa/files/2011/2011-aec-a4-map-sa-barker.pdf. 
  7. ↑ "Monthly climate statistics: Summary statistics Mount Gambier Aero (nearest weather station)". Commonwealth of Australia, Bureau of Meteorology. http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_026021.shtml. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Christina Smith, The Booandik Tribe of South Australian Aborigines: A Sketch of Their Habits, Customs, Legends, and Language, Spiller, 1880
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Blake, Barry J. (2003). The Bunganditj (Buwandik) language of the Mount Gambier region. Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies.. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. ISBN 9780858834958. OCLC 56054287. 
  10. ↑ http://portmacdonnell.sa.au/
  11. ↑ "Port MacDonnell". Walkabout. http://www.walkabout.com.au/fairfax/locations/SAPortMacDonnell.shtml. 
  12. ↑ "Port MacDonnell". Place Names Online. Government of South Australia. http://www.placenames.sa.gov.au/pno/pnores.phtml?recno=SA0002700. 
  13. ↑ "SHIPWRECK LANE.". The Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld.): p. 10. 20 December 1940. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article58273151. 
  14. ↑ "Cape Northumberland Lighthouse". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16332. 
  15. ↑ "Dingley Dell Museum". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16331. 
  16. ↑ "'The Customs House' (former Port MacDonnell Customs House, Courthouse, Telegraph Station and Police Station)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16330. 
  17. ↑ "The Cape Northumberland Lighthouse at Port MacDonnell". http://www.lighthouse.net.au/lights/sa/Cape%20Northumberland/Cape%20Northumberland.htm#History. 



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