Astronomy:List of artificial objects on extraterrestrial surfaces

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This is a partial list of artificial objects left on extraterrestrial surfaces.

Artificial objects on Venus

Main page: Astronomy:List of artificial objects on Venus

Artificial objects on the Moon

Main page: Astronomy:List of artificial objects on the Moon

Artificial objects on Mars

Main pages: Astronomy:List of artificial objects on Mars and Astronomy:List of Mars landers

Artificial objects on other extraterrestrial bodies

Surface Object Mass Owner Landing Location Ref.
67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko Philae 100 kg (220 lb) EuropeGermany ESA/DLR 2014-11-12 "Abydos"
Rosetta 1,230 kg (2,710 lb) Europe ESA 2016-09-30 "Sais"
433 Eros NEAR Shoemaker 487 kg (1,074 lb) United States NASA/APL 2001-02-12 South of Himeros crater [1]
25143 Itokawa Hayabusa target marker Japan JAXA 2005-11-20 Muses Sea [2]
Mercury MESSENGER 1,108 kg (2,443 lb) United States NASA/APL 2015-04-30 Suisei Planitia
162173 Ryugu MASCOT 9.6 kg (21 lb) FranceGermany CNES/DLR 2018-10-03 Alice's Wonderland [3][4][5]
MINERVA-II Rover-1A 1.1 kg (2.4 lb) Japan JAXA 2018-09-21 Tritonis
MINERVA-II Rover-1B 1.1 kg (2.4 lb)
MINERVA-II Rover-2 1.0 kg (2.2 lb) 2019-10 Unknown [6][7]
Hayabusa2 Small Carry-on Impactor 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) 2019-04-05 "C01" [8][9]
Hayabusa2 Deployable Camera 3 2.0 kg (4.4 lb) 2019-04 Unknown [10]
Hayabusa2 Target Marker B 0.3 kg (0.66 lb) 2018-10-25 "L08" [11]
Hayabusa2 Target Marker A 0.3 kg (0.66 lb) 2019-05-30 "S01" [9]
Hayabusa2 Target Marker E 0.3 kg (0.66 lb) 2019-09 Unknown [12]
Hayabusa2 Target Marker C 0.3 kg (0.66 lb) 2019-09 Unknown [12]
9P/Tempel Deep Impact impactor 372 kg (820 lb) United States NASA/JPL 2005-07-04
Titan Huygens lander 319 kg (703 lb) Europe ESA 2005-01-14 Northeast of Adiri [13][14]
Huygens heat shield Unknown
Huygens parachute Unknown
Dimorphos Double Asteroid Redirection Test impactor 570 kg (1,260 lb) United States NASA/JHUAPL 2022-09-26

Estimated total masses of objects

Surface Total estimated mass of objects (kg) Total estimated local weight of objects (N)
Churyumov–Gerasimenko 100 ?
Eros 487 ?
Itokawa 0.591 ?
Jupiter 2,564 59,400
Mars 10,240 37,833
Mercury 507.9 1,881
The Moon 205,988 34,194
Ryugu 18.5 ?
Saturn 2,150 2,289.75
Tempel 1 370 2.5
Titan 319 372
Venus 22,642 201,256
Dimorphos 570 ?
Total 243,800 611,618+

Gallery

See also

References

  1. Spaceflight Now staff (28 February 2001). "NEAR Shoemaker phones home for the last time". https://www.spaceflightnow.com/near/010228end/. "NEAR Shoemaker now rests silently just to the south of the saddle-shaped feature Himeros..." 
  2. Rayl, A.J.S. (21 November 2005). "Hayabusa Does Not Land on Asteroid in First Attempt, But Successfully Delivers Target Marker". http://planetary.org/news/2005/1121_Hayabusa_Does_Not_Land_on_Asteroid_in.html. ""...Sunday, November 20 (JST) JAXA received the signal that Hayabusa had carried out its task successfully [...] the target marker landed about six and a half minutes after it left Hayabusa, settling down just as planned in the nice flat region that the team dubbed Muses Sea..."" 
  3. Wall, Mike (23 August 2018). "Landing Site on Asteroid Ryugu Chosen for Japan's Hayabusa2 Mission". https://www.space.com/41602-hayabusa2-asteroid-ryugu-landing-site-selected-photos.html. "The Hayabusa2 spacecraft's Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout (MASCOT) will land at a site in the asteroid Ryugu's southern hemisphere dubbed MA-9..." 
  4. Nowakowski, Tomasz (5 October 2018). "European MASCOT spacecraft successfully lands on asteroid Ryugu". https://www.spaceflightinsider.com/organizations/esa/european-mascot-spacecraft-successfully-lands-on-asteroid-ryugu/. "A small European spacecraft, known as the Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout (MASCOT), successfully landed on asteroid Ryugu on Wednesday, Oct. 3 [...] MASCOT weighs some 21 lbs. (9.6 kilograms)..." 
  5. "Correction to the name of the MINERVA-II1 landing site". JAXA. 1 February 2019. http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/en/topics/20190204e_Nomenclature/. 
  6. The Downlink: Station Crew Home, Hayabusa2 Deploys Rover. Jason Davis, The Planetary Society. 4 October 2019.
  7. @haya2e_jaxa (2 October 2019). "[MINERVA-II2 MINERVA-II2 is confirmed to have separated today (10/3) at 01:38 JST. The separation time was 00:57 J…"]. https://twitter.com/haya2e_jaxa/status/1179440763752480769. 
  8. "Approach to the 2nd touchdown–Part 3: To go or not to go–". JAXA. 8 July 2019. https://www.universetoday.com/142836/hayabusa-2-is-the-first-spacecraft-to-sample-the-inside-of-an-asteroid/. 
  9. 9.0 9.1 "The Pinpoint Touchdown – Target Marker 1A (PPTD-TM1A) operation". JAXA. 5 May 2019. http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/en/topics/20190515e_PPTD-TM1/. 
  10. Gough, Evan (16 July 2019). "Hayabusa 2 is the First Spacecraft to Sample the Inside of an Asteroid". Universe Today. https://www.universetoday.com/142836/hayabusa-2-is-the-first-spacecraft-to-sample-the-inside-of-an-asteroid/. 
  11. "The touchdown site". JAXA. 19 February 2019. http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/en/topics/20190220e_TDPoint/. 
  12. 12.0 12.1 "Target marker separation operation". JAXA. 16 September 2019. http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/en/topics/20190916e_TMORB/. 
  13. Cook, Jia-Rui C. (14 January 2010). "Land Ho! Huygens Plunged to Titan Surface 5 Years Ago". https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=2448. "The Huygens probe parachuted down to the surface of Saturn's haze-shrouded moon Titan exactly five years ago on Jan. 14, 2005 [...] as it plunged through Titan's hazy atmosphere and landed near a region now known as Adiri." 
  14. NSSDCA staff (2005). "Huygens (NSSDCA/COSPAR ID: 1997-061C)". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1997-061C. ""Mass: 319 kg""