Biology:Cruentotrema amazonum
| Cruentotrema amazonum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Graphidales |
| Family: | Graphidaceae |
| Genus: | Cruentotrema |
| Species: | C. amazonum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Cruentotrema amazonum M.Cáceres, Aptroot & Lücking (2014)
| |
Cruentotrema amazonum is a little-known species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae.[1] It is found in Brazil, Thailand, and Vietnam, where it grows in the understory of primary rainforests.
Taxonomy
The lichen was formally described as a new species in 2014 by lichenologists Marcela Cáceres, André Aptroot, and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected by the first two authors from the Estação Ecológica de Cuniã (pt) at an altitude of 100 m (330 ft), where it was found in understory of a primary forest growing on tree bark. The taxon was placed in Graphidaceae genus Cruentotrema because of the morphology of its ascoma, and its [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], non-amyloid ascospores.[2]
Description
Cruentotrema amazonum is a corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen that grows partially endoperidermal (i.e., beneath the surface of the [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]]) and has a smooth to uneven dark olive-green surface. The thallus is up to 10 cm (4 in) in diameter and is continuous. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] partner for this lichen is Trentepohlia (a genus of green algae), and the lichen lacks crystals between the [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] and [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]]. Ascomata are rounded to angular, [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], and have a complete [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]]. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] of the ascomata are partially exposed; they are light grey-brown and translucent. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] is distinct and fissured-lobulate, visible as triangular [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] initially covering the disc, grey-brown, fused with inner portions of the thalline margin but splitting from outer portions. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] is entire and brown or becoming [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] in the upper half. asci have a fusiform to [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] shape, and the [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] are ellipsoid, contains 3 septa, and measure 15–20 by 6–8 μm.[2]
Habitat and distribution
Cruentotrema amazonum was first described from primary rainforests in the state of Rondônia, Brazil, where it occurs in the shaded understory.[2] In 2017, it was reported from Vietnam,[3] and in 2022 from Thailand. The latter report was the first documented record of a Cruentotrema in Thailand.[4]
References
- ↑ "Cruentotrema amazonum M. Cáceres, Aptroot & Lücking". Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/ZRXN.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Cáceres, Marcela E.S.; Aptroot, André; Parnmen, Sittiporn; Lücking, Robert (2014). "Remarkable diversity of the lichen family Graphidaceae in the Amazon rain forest of Rondônia, Brazil". Phytotaxa 189 (1): 87–136. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.189.1.8. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287460701.
- ↑ Joshi, Santosh; Upreti, Dalip K.; Thanh, Nguyen Thi; Nguyen, Anh Dong; Hur, Jae-Seoun (2017). "New and interesting species in the family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Ostropales) from Vietnam". The Lichenologist 49 (3): 259–268. doi:10.1017/s0024282917000172.
- ↑ Poengsungnoen, Vasun; Meethong, Udomrak; Buaruang, Kawinnat; Boonpragob, Kansri; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2022). "New records of corticolous and foliicolous lichens from Thailand". Herzogia 35 (2): 621–629. doi:10.13158/heia.35.2.2022.621.
Wikidata ☰ Q22105361 entry
 |  |
