Biology:Geobacter metallireducens
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| Species: | G. metallireducens
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| Geobacter metallireducens Lovley et al. 1995
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Geobacter metallireducens is a gram-negative metal-reducing proteobacterium.[1] It is a strict anaerobe that oxidizes several short-chain fatty acids, alcohols, and monoaromatic compounds with Fe(III) as the sole electron acceptor.[2] It can also use uranium for its growth and convert U(VI) to U(IV).[3]
Geobacter metallireducens was discovered by Derek Lovley at UMass Amherst in 1993.[1] It is an iron-reducing bacteria and it has been thought that the microbe could be used to treat industrial sites where “cyanide-metal complexes” have formed to contaminate the site.[4] Geobacter metallireducens becomes motile when necessary, producing a flagellum in order to relocate when environmental conditions become unfavorable. [4]
The genome of Geobacter metallireducens has a chromosome length of 3,997,420 bp. It has a circular bacterial chromosome, meaning there are no free ends of DNA. The shape is roughly like that of an egg.[5] Geobacter metallireducens also has a GC content of 59.51%.[5] The plasmid has a lower GC content, of 52.48%, and is 13,762 bp in length. The plasmid encodes a stabilizing protein, RelE/ParE, which allows Geobacter metallireducens to adapt and thrive in different and new environmental conditions.[6]
G. metallireducens has been demonstrated to reduce chloramphenicol (CAP) to complete dechlorination products under pure culture conditions. Research utilizing cyclic voltammograms and chronoamperometry revealed that the bacteria exhibited a negative correlation CAP removal efficiency with initial CAP dosages, displaying the organism's potential application of bioremediation in environments polluted by antibiotics.[7]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Geobacter metallireducens gen. nov. sp. nov., a microorganism capable of coupling the complete oxidation of organic compounds to the reduction of iron and other metals". Archives of Microbiology 159 (4): 336–344. 1993. doi:10.1007/BF00290916. PMID 8387263.
- ↑ "A genetic system for Geobacter metallireducens: role of the flagellin and pilin in the reduction of Fe(III) oxide". Environmental Microbiology Reports 4 (1): 82–88. February 2012. doi:10.1111/j.1758-2229.2011.00305.x. PMID 23757233.
- ↑ "Spatial distribution of an uranium-respiring betaproteobacterium at the Rifle, CO field research site". PLOS ONE 10 (4): e0123378. 2015. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0123378. PMID 25874721. Bibcode: 2015PLoSO..1023378K.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Geobacter metallireducens accesses insoluble Fe(III) oxide by chemotaxis". Nature 416 (6882): 767–769. April 2002. doi:10.1038/416767a. PMID 11961561. Bibcode: 2002Natur.416..767C.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "The genome sequence of Geobacter metallireducens: features of metabolism, physiology and regulation common and dissimilar to Geobacter sulfurreducens". BMC Microbiology 9: 109. May 2009. doi:10.1186/1471-2180-9-109. PMID 19473543.
- ↑ "New connections in the prokaryotic toxin-antitoxin network: relationship with the eukaryotic nonsense-mediated RNA decay system". Genome Biology 4 (12): R81. 2003. doi:10.1186/gb-2003-4-12-r81. PMID 14659018.
- ↑ Xu, H., Xiao, L., Zheng, S. et al. "Reductive degradation of chloramphenicol by Geobacter metallireducens". Sci. China Technol. Sci. 62, 1688–1694 (2019). doi:10.1007/s11431-018-9415-2
Further reading
- Eickhoff, Merle; Birgel, Daniel; Talbot, Helen M.; Peckmann, Jörn; Kappler, Andreas (2013). "Bacteriohopanoid inventory of Geobacter sulfurreducens and Geobacter metallireducens". Organic Geochemistry 58: 107–114. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.02.013. ISSN 0146-6380.
- "Phenol degradation in the strictly anaerobic iron-reducing bacterium Geobacter metallireducens GS-15". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75 (12): 3912–3919. June 2009. doi:10.1128/AEM.01525-08. PMID 19376902.
- "Identification of genes specifically required for the anaerobic metabolism of benzene in Geobacter metallireducens". Frontiers in Microbiology 5: 245. 22 May 2014. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00245. PMID 24904558.
External links
- Geobacter at the LPSN
- Type strain of Geobacter metallireducens at BacDive – the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
Wikidata ☰ Q16982256 entry
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