Biology:Xanthaptychia
| Xanthaptychia | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Teloschistales |
| Family: | Teloschistaceae |
| Genus: | Xanthaptychia S.Y.Kondr. & Ravera (2017) |
| Type species | |
| Xanthaptychia orientalis (Frödén) S.Y.Kondr. & Ravera (2017)
| |
| Species | |
|
X. aurantiaca | |
Xanthaptychia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae.[1] The genus, circumscribed in 2017, has three corticolous (bark-dwelling) species.
Taxonomy
Xanthaptychia is in the Seirophora clade of the subfamily Caloplacoideae within the family Teloschistaceae. It was circumscribed in 2017 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Sonja Ravera. The genus forms a distinct, robust monophyletic branch, setting it apart from related genera. Four species were included in the genus. The etymology of Xanthaptychia is influenced by its resemblance to Anaptychia of the Physciaceae (in the lack of a lower cortical layer) and to [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] lichens of the Teloschistaceae, evident in its foliose thallus. Xanthaptychia differs from the related Seirophora in its [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] tissue in the thallus and the cortex of the [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] of the apothecia, and its primary distribution in high-altitude mountainous regions of northern Eurasia or North America.[2]
Description
Xanthaptychia species have a thallus that is foliose to somewhat fruticose or [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] to [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], typically forming small rosettes. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] are dorsiventral, oriented horizontally, and have three distinct portions: main lobes, secondary [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], and terminal portions. The upper surface varies in colour from whitish-grey to brownish-yellow, with a whitish-grey lower side. A distinct feature is the well-developed [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] on the upper surface.[2]
Apothecia in Xanthaptychia are [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] and [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], often large, with [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] that are yellow, orange, reddish-orange, or brownish-orange. The asci are 8-spored, [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] with narrow septa, and hyaline. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] are narrowly [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]].[2]
Chemically, the genus is characterized by the presence of parietin (a major component) and low concentrations of emodin, fallacinal, teloschistin, parietinic acid, and erythroglaucin.[2]
Habitat and distribution
Xanthaptychia species are predominantly corticolous, growing on a variety of tree species including Picea schrenkiana, Ephedra canisetina, Acer pubescens, A. regalis, Rhamnus sintesii, Pistacia vera, Sageretia laetevirens, Amygdalus buharica, and species of the genera Populus and Juniperus. They are typically found in montane belts at altitudes ranging from 1,100 to 2,100 m (3,600 to 6,900 ft). Ecologically, the genus is distributed across the Northern Hemisphere, favouring high altitudes in mountainous regions or polar latitudes of Eurasia and North America.[2]
Species
- Xanthaptychia aurantiaca (R.Br.) S.Y.Kondr. & Ravera (2017)
- Xanthaptychia contortuplicata (Ach.) S.Y.Kondr. & Ravera (2017)
- Xanthaptychia orientalis (Frödén) S.Y.Kondr. & Ravera (2017)
The proposed new combination Xanthaptychia blumii (S.Y.Kondr. & Moniri) S.Y.Kondr. & Ravera (2017), found in Turkmenistan, was not validly published by the authors.[3]
References
- ↑ "Xanthaptychia". Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/88CJ.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Kondratyuk, S.Y.; Lőkös, L.; Upreti, D.K.; Nayaka, S.; Mishra, G.K.; Ravera, S.; Jeong, M.-H.; Jang, S.-H. et al. (2017). "New monophyletic branches of the Teloschistaceae (lichen-forming Ascomycota) proved by three gene phylogeny". Acta Botanica Hungarica 59 (1–2): 71–136. doi:10.1556/034.59.2017.1-2.6.
- ↑ "Record Details: Xanthaptychia blumii (S.Y. Kondr. & Moniri) S.Y. Kondr. & Ravera, in Kondratyuk, Lőkös, Upreti, Nayaka, Mishra, Ravera, Jeong, Jang, Park & Hur, Acta bot. hung. 59(1-2): 123 (2017)". Index Fungorum. https://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/NamesRecord.asp?RecordID=819785.
Wikidata ☰ Q61948284 entry
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