Philosophy:Latinx philosophy

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Latinx philosophy is a contemporary thought practice concerned with Latinxs, including the political, social, epistemic, and linguistic significance of Latino/a peoples and cultures.[1] Contemporary practitioners often write in Spanish and/or English. Latinx philosophy often explores subjects such as Latinx identity, borders, immigration, gender, race, feminism, citizenship, incarceration, freedom, postcolonialism, and decoloniality.[2]

Latinx philosophical themes

Prominent themes in Latinx Philosophy include decolonial thought, ecultural and philosophical identity, aesthetics, philosophical anthropology, feminism, Marxism, philosophy of liberation, political independence, and subaltern studies.[2] Subjects of Latinx philosophical writing also include Aztec ethics, the Chicano movement, Mexican existentialism, Liberation philosophy, postcolonialism,and Latin American and Latinx feminisms, the philosophy of immigration, and examinations of the intersection of race and gender in Latinx identity.[3]

Latinx philosophy is shaped by major contributions from Latina feminism and its genealogy with ties to women thinkers of color and Third-World Feminism in the United States.[4] Foundational works by Chicana activists and authors Cherrie L. Moraga[5] and Gloria E. Anzaldúa, including Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza, raised consciousness in the fields of philosophy and cultural theory of the marginal, in-between, and mixed cultures (i.e., Chicano)[6] that develop along US southern borders.[7]

The major historical periods of Latinx philosophy include: the Colonial Period, Independence Period, Positivism, and the Contemporary Period.[2]

Contemporary Latinx philosophers

20th century Latinx philosophers include: Walter Mignolo (1941-)[8], Maria Lugones[9] (1948-), and Susana Nuccetelli (1954) from Argentina ; Jorge J. E. Gracia (1942), Gustavo Pérez Firmat (1949)[10] and Ofelia Schutte (1944) from Cuba; Linda Martín Alcoff (1955) from Panama[11]; Giannina Braschi (1953) from Puerto Rico[12]; and Eduardo Mendieta (1963) from Colombia[13]. The formats and styles of Latinx philosophical writing differ greatly as the subject matters. Walter Mignolo’s book "The Idea of Latin America" expounds on how the idea of Latin America and Latin American philosopher, as a precursor to Latinx philosophy, was formed and propagated.[3] Giannina Braschi's writings on Puerto Rican independence focus on economic emancipation, debt structures, and fear of freedom as “feardom”.[14][15] Whereas, Susana Nuccetelli widely questions Latinx thought, the nature of justice, human rights, and Latinx cultural identity.[16][17]

Latinx academic forums

American Philosophy Association, Latinx Cultural Center at Utah State University[18], APA Newsletter on Hispanic/Latino Issues on Philosophy, Society for Mexican-American Philosophy, and the annual Latinx Philosophy Conference are among the academic platforms where scholars and teachers of Latinx philosophy publish, lecture and debate on Latinx philosophical, often including social justice issues (ie. Imperialism, civic and human rights, race, gender, discrimination, and language, citizenship).

Further reading

Alcoff, Linda Martin. "Is Latino/o Identity a Racial Identity?" Garcia and De Grieff, 2000.[19]

Alcoff, Linda Martin. Futures of Whiteness. Cambridge/Polity Press, 2000.[20]

Aldama, Frederick Luis and Ilan Stavans. Poets, Philosophers, Lovers: On the Writings of Giannina Braschi. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2020.

Braschi, Giannina. United States of Banana. AmazonCrossing, 2011.[21]

Covarrubias, Julio. "Letting Go of Mestizaje: Settler Colonialism and Latin American/Latinx Philosophy." APA Newsletter on Hispanic/Latino Issues in Philosophy 18.2 (2019): 4-8.   

Dussel, Enrique, Eduardo Mendieta, and Carmen Bohórquez, eds. El pensamiento filosofico latinoamericano, del Caribe y “latino” (1300–2000). Mexico City: Siglo XXI Editores, 2009.

Firmat, Gustavo Perez. Life on the Hyphen: The Cuban-American Way. University of Texas Press, 2012.[22]

Gracia, Jorge J. E. Latinos in America: Philosophy and Social Identity. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2008.

Gracia, Jorge J. E., and Mireya Camurati, eds. Philosophy and Literature in Latin America: A Critical Assessment of the Current Situation. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.

Gracia, Jorge J. E., and Elizabeth Millán-Zaibert, eds. Latin American Philosophy for the 21st Century: The Human Condition, Values, and the Search for Identity. Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 2004.[23]

Márquez, Iván, ed. Contemporary Latin American Social and Political Thought. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2008.

Millan, Elizabeth and Don T. Deere, History of Latino/a Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 2017.

Mendieta, Eduardo, ed. Latin American Philosophy: Current Issues, Debates. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2003.

Nuccetelli, Susana, Ofelia Schutte, and Otávio Bueno, eds. A Companion to Latin American Philosophy. New York: Wiley, 2013.[24]

Nuccetelli, Susana, and Gary Seay, eds. Latin American Philosophy: An Introduction with Readings. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2003.

Perez, Rolando and Nuria Morgado, eds. Filosofía y culturas hispánicas: Nuevas perspectivas. Hispanic Monographs, 2016.

Stavans, Ilan, ed. Latin American Essays. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.[25]

Vázquez, Francisco H., ed. Latino/a Thought: Culture, Politics, and Society. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2009.


References

  1. Sanches, Robert Eli (2019). Latin American and Latinx Philosophy: A Collaborative Introduction. Routledge. ISBN 9781138295858. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Vargas, M.. "Latinx Philosophy". https://plato.stanford.edu. 
  3. 3.0 3.1 Latin American and Latinx philosophy : a collaborative introduction. Sanchez, Robert Eli, Jr.,. New York, NY. ISBN 978-1-138-29585-8. OCLC 1104214542. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1104214542. 
  4. Oxford bibliographies. Latino studies. Stavans, Ilan,, Oxford University Press,. [Oxford]. ISBN 978-0-19-991370-1. OCLC 846696777. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/846696777. 
  5. Theories of the flesh : Latinx and Latin American feminisms, transformation, and resistance. Pitts, Andrea J.,, Ortega, Mariana,, Medina, José,. New York, NY. ISBN 978-0-19-006300-9. OCLC 1141418176. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1141418176. 
  6. Aviña, Sylvia Mendoza (2016-10-01). "“That's ratchet”: A Chicana Feminist Rasquache Pedagogy as Entryway to Understanding the Material Realities of Contemporary Latinx Elementary-Aged Youth". Equity & Excellence in Education 49 (4): 468–479. doi:10.1080/10665684.2016.1227158. ISSN 1066-5684. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2016.1227158. 
  7. Anzaldúa, Gloria. (2009). The Gloria Anzaldúa reader. Keating, AnaLouise, 1961-. Durham: Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-4555-8. OCLC 319500661. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319500661. 
  8. "Interview - Walter Mignolo/Part 2: Key Concepts" (in en-US). 2017-01-21. https://www.e-ir.info/2017/01/21/interview-walter-mignolopart-2-key-concepts/. 
  9. Speaking face to face : the visionary philosophy of María Lugones. DiPietro, Pedro J., 1974-, McWeeny, Jennifer,, Roshanravan, Shireen,. Albany. ISBN 978-1-4384-7453-3. OCLC 1046993887. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1046993887. 
  10. "on bilingualism & its discontents" (in en). https://www.amacad.org/publication/bilingualism-its-discontents. 
  11. "REVIEWS | Hypatia Reviews Online". https://www.hypatiareviews.org/reviews/content/85. 
  12. Aldama, Frederick Luis (2020). POETS, PHILOSOPHERS, LOVERS : On the Writings of Giannina Braschi (Ilan Stavans, Foreword). Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. ISBN 0-8229-4618-1. OCLC 1143649021. 
  13. "Eduardo Mendieta, "Decolonizing Philosophy: A Latinx Perspective"" (in en). 2018-01-16. https://artsandsciences.osu.edu/news-events/events/eduardo-mendieta-decolonizing-philosophy-latinx-perspective. 
  14. Riofrio, John (2020-03-01). "Falling for debt: Giannina Braschi, the Latinx avant-garde, and financial terrorism in the United States of Banana" (in en). Latino Studies 18 (1): 66–81. doi:10.1057/s41276-019-00239-2. ISSN 1476-3443. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41276-019-00239-2. 
  15. Ronald, Mendoza de Jesus (2020). "Free-dom: United States of Banana and the Limits of Sovereignty", Poet, Philosophers, Lovers.. University of Pittsburgh Press. 
  16. Nuccetelli, Susana, (2002). Latin American thought : philosophical problems and arguments. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press. ISBN 0-8133-3967-7. OCLC 49208667. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49208667. 
  17. "Interview: Exploring the Future of Whiteness" (in en-US). https://indypendent.org/2015/12/interview-exploring-the-future-of-whiteness/. 
  18. University, Utah State. "Christopher González" (in en). https://latinx.usu.edu/directory/christopher-gonzalez. 
  19. "Mixed Race Studies » Linda Martin-Alcoff". http://www.mixedracestudies.org/?tag=linda-martin-alcoff. 
  20. Bergoffen, Wendy H. (2017-04-03). "The future of whiteness, by Linda Martín Alcoff". International Feminist Journal of Politics 19 (2): 266–268. doi:10.1080/14616742.2017.1327214. ISSN 1461-6742. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616742.2017.1327214. 
  21. Braschi, Giannina. (2011). United States of Banana. Las Vegas, NV: AmazonCrossing. ISBN 978-1-61109-067-3. OCLC 760912360. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/760912360. 
  22. Braschi, Giannina. (2011). United States of Banana. Las Vegas, NV: AmazonCrossing. ISBN 978-1-61109-067-3. OCLC 760912360. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/760912360. 
  23. Latin American philosophy for the 21st century : the human condition, values, and the search for identity. Gracia, Jorge J. E., Millán-Zaibert, Elizabeth.. Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books. 2004. ISBN 1-57392-978-6. OCLC 51655388. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51655388. 
  24. A companion to Latin American philosophy. Nuccetelli, Susana., Schutte, Ofelia., Bueno, Otávio.. Malden, MA. ISBN 978-1-4051-7979-9. OCLC 318672866. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/318672866. 
  25. The Oxford book of Latin American essays. Stavans, Ilan,. New York: Oxford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-19-509234-1. OCLC 36573739. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36573739.