Biology:Laventan
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The Laventan (Spanish: Laventense) age is a period of geologic time (13.8 to 11.8 Ma) within the Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically with South American Land Mammal Ages. It follows the Colloncuran and precedes the Mayoan age.[1][2]
Etymology
The age is named after the Miocene Lagerstätte La Venta, where a rich biodiversity from the Middle Miocene has been recovered from the Honda Group.[2]
Formations
| Formations | Country | Basin | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Honda Group |  Colombia |
Upper Magdalena Valley | |
| Honda Group |  Bolivia |
Quebrada Honda Basin | |
| Capadare Formation |  Venezuela |
Falcón Basin | |
| Choquecota Formation | Bolivia |
Altiplano Basin | |
| Cura-Mallín Formation |  Chile |
Cura-Mallín Basin | |
| Ipururo Formation |  Peru |
Ucayali Basin | |
| Mariño Formation |  Argentina |
Cuyo Basin | |
| Mauri Formation | Bolivia |
Altiplano Basin | |
| Paraná Formation | Argentina |
Paraná Basin | |
| Pebas Formation |  Brazil Colombia Ecuador Peru |
Amazon Basin | |
| Pisco Formation | Peru |
Pisco Basin | |
| Urumaco Formation | Venezuela |
Falcón Basin |
Fossil content
| Group | Fossils | Formation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mammals | lesser bulldog bat (Noctilio albiventris), LaVal's disk-winged bat (Thyroptera lavali), Spix's disk-winged bat (Thyroptera tricolor), Acarechimys minutissimus, Anachlysictis gracilis, Anadasypus hondanus, Aotus dindensis, Boreostemma acostae, B. gigantea, Brievabradys laventensis, Cebupithecia sarmientoi, Dukecynus magnus, Eodolichotis elachys, E. maddeni, Glossotheriopsis pascuali, Granastrapotherium snorki, Hilarcotherium castanedaii, Hondadelphys fieldsi, Hondathentes cazador, Huilabradys magdaleniensis, Huilatherium pluriplicatum, Kiotomops lopezi, Lagonimico conclucatus, Lycopsis longirostrus, Megadolodus molariformis, Micodon kiotensis, Micoureus laventicus, Microscleromys cribiphilus, M. paradoxalis, Microsteiromys jacobsi, Miocallicebus villaviejai, Miocochilius anomopodus, Mohanamico hershkovitzi, Mormopterus colombiensis, Nanoastegotherium prostatum, Neoglyptatelus originalis, Neonematherium flabellatum, Neoreomys huilensis, Neotamandua borealis, Notonycteris magdalenensis, N. sucharadeus, Nuciruptor rubricae, Pachybiotherium minor, Palynephyllum antimaster, Patasola magdalenae, Pedrolypeutes praecursor, Pericotoxodon platignathus, Pithiculites chenche, Potamops mascahehenes, Potamosiren magdalenensis, Prodolichotis guerreroi, P. pridiana, Prolicaphrium sanalfolsensis, Prothoatherium colombianus, Pseudoprepotherium confusum, Rhodanodolichotis antepridiana, R. vucetichae, Ricardomys longidens, Saimiri annectens, S. fieldsi, Scleromys colombianus, S. schurmanni, Scirrotherium hondaensis, Stirtonia tatacoensis, S. victoriae, Thylamys colombianus, Thylamys minutus, Thyroptera robusta, Villarroelia totoyoi, Xenastrapotherium kraglievichi, Cochilius sp., Diclidurus sp., Eumops sp., Hapalops sp., Olenopsis sp., Theosodon sp., ?Steiromys sp., Dolichotinae sp., ?Echimyidae sp., Megalonychidae sp., Megatheriinae sp., Nothrotheriinae sp., Dasypodidae sp., Leontiniidae sp., Proterotheriidae indet., Toxodontidae sp. | Honda Group, Colombia | |
| Acyon myctoderos, Guiomys unica, Hapalops angustipalatus, Hemihegetotherium trilobus, Hiskatherium saintandrei, Hondalagus altiplanensis, Mesoprocta hypsodus, Miocochilius federicoi, Propalaehoplophorus andinus, Quebradahondomys potosiensis, Acarechimys sp., cf. Paratrigodon sp., Prolagostomus sp., cf. Prozaedyus sp., Lagostominae indet., Mesotheriinae indet., Borhyaenidae indet., Caenolestidae indet., Capromyidae indet., Caviidae indet., Chinchillidae indet., Echimyidae indet., Euphractinae indet., Macraucheniidae indet., Octodontidae indet., Proterotheriidae indet., ? Xenastrapotherium indet. | Honda Group, Bolivia | ||
| Heteropsomyinae (aff. Acarechimys) sp., Dasyproctidae (aff. Alloiomys) sp., Prolagostomus sp., Caviomorpha indet., Dasypodidae indet., Typotheria indet. | Cura-Mallín | ||
| Drytomomys cf. aequatorialis, Granastrapotherium cf. snorki, Miocochilius anomopodus, Neoglyptatelus originalis, Parapropalaehoplophorus septentrionalis, Pericotoxodon cf. platignathus, Potamarchus murinus, cf. Theosodon sp., Acarechimys sp., Boreostemma sp., Megathericulus sp., cf. Tetramerorhinus sp., Urumacotherium sp., Xenastrapotherium sp., Borhyaenoidea indet., Delphinida indet., Glyptodontidae indet., Macraucheniidae indet., Megalonychidae indet., Mylodontidae indet., Octodontoidea indet., Potamarchinae indet., Uruguaytheriinae indet. | Ipururo | ||
| Pontistes rectifrons, Prionodelphis rovereti, Properiptychus argentinus, Protautoga longidens, cf. Balaenoptera sp., Chrysophrys sp., Dioplotherium sp., Balaenidae indet., Physeteridae indet., Sciaenidae indet., ?Sparidae indet. | Paraná | ||
| Dinomyidae indet., ? Octodontoidea indet. | Pebas | ||
| cf. Olenopsis sp., Mylodontidae indet. | Urumaco | ||
| Birds | Aramus paludigrus, Galbula hylochoreutes, Hoazinoides magdalenae | Honda Group, Colombia | |
| Pygoscelis calderensis, Spheniscus megaramphus, S. urbinai, Pelagornis sp., aff. Thalassarche sp. | Bahía Inglesa |
||
| Pelagornis cf. chilensis | Capadare | ||
| Reptiles & amphibians |
cane toad (Bufo marinus), Chelus colombiana, Chelonoidis hesterna, Colombophis portai, Dracaena colombiana, ?Eunectes stirtoni, Podocnemis medemi, Gryposuchus colombianus, Langstonia huilensis, Purussaurus neivensis, Balanerodus logimus, Charactosuchus fieldsi, Mourasuchus atopus, Eocaiman sp., Gavialis sp., Sebecus sp., Alligatoridae indet. | Honda Group, Colombia | |
| Barinasuchus arveloi | Ipururo | ||
| Caiman wannlangstoni, Gnatusuchus pebasensis, Gryposuchus pachakamue, Purussaurus neivensis, Kuttanacaiman iquitosensis, Mourasuchus atopus, Paleosuchus sp., Podocnemis sp., Gavialoidea indet. | Pebas | ||
| Globidentosuchus cf. brachyrostris, Caiman sp., Mourasuchus sp., Purussaurus sp. | Urumaco | ||
| Fishes & crustaceans |
Colossoma macropomum, Lepidosiren paradoxa, cf. Acanthicus, Arapaima sp., Brachyplatystoma cf. B. vaillanti, Brachyplatystoma promagdalena, Sylviocarcinus piriformis, cf. Corydoras sp., Hoplias sp., cf. Hoplosternum sp., Hydrolycus sp., Phractocephalus hemioliopterus, Serrasalmus sp., Pygocentrus sp., or Pristobrycon sp. (cf. Myletes sp.), Ariidae indet., Characidae cf. Tetragonopterinae, Cichlidae indet., Doradidae indet., Loricariidae indet., Potamotrygonidae indet. | Honda Group, Colombia | |
| Megalodon, Carcharias acutissima, Carcharodon hastalis, Galeocerdo aduncus, Hemipristis serra, Carcharhinus sp., Heterodontus sp., Squalus sp., Squatina sp., Dasyatidae indet., Myliobatoidea indet., Potamotrygonidae indet. | Paraná | ||
| cf. Hydrolycus sp., Leporinus sp., Potamotrygon sp., Pristis sp., Anostomidae indet. | Pebas | ||
| Insects | Macroteleia yaguarum, Sycorax peruensis | Pebas | |
| Flora | cf. Calliandra jancocatana, Berberis sp., Polylepis sp., Magnoliopsida indet. | Mauri | |
| Astroniumxylon parabalansae, Piptadenioxylon paraexcelsa, Solanumxylon paranensis | Paraná |
See also
References
- ↑ Paleo Database: Laventan
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Madden, R. H., Guerrero J., Kay R. F., Flynn, J.J., Swisher III C. C., Walton A. H. (1997). The Laventan Stage and Age, in Kay, R.F., Madden, R.H., Cifelli, R.L., Flynn, J.J. (eds.), Vertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics. The Miocene Fauna of La Venta, Colombia: Washington D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, 499–519.
- ↑ Villarroel et al., 1996, p.54
- ↑ Marshall & Sempere, 1991, p.635
- ↑ Penín & Villarroel, 2005, p.138
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Marshall & Sempere, 1991, p.636
- ↑ Utgé et al., 2009
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Antoine et al., 2016, p.56
- ↑ Cerdeño & Guiomar, 2007, p.201
- ↑ Martín Pérez, 2013, p.51
- ↑ Wesselingh et al., 2006, p.304
- ↑ Brand et al., 2011
- ↑ Linares, 2004, p.16
- ↑ Croft, 2007, p.299
- ↑ Croft, 2007, p.300
- ↑ Croft, 2007, p.301
- ↑ Croft, 2007, p.302
- ↑ Croft, 2007, p.303
- ↑ Meldrum & Kay, 1997
- ↑ Organ & Lemelin, 2011
- ↑ Rosenberger et al., 1991
- ↑ Setoguchi & Rosenberger, 1988
- ↑ Setoguchi, 1985
- ↑ Takai et al., 2001
- ↑ Tejedor, 2013, p.22
- ↑ Defler, 2004, p.32
- ↑ Cebupithecia sarmientoi at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Miocallicebus villaviejai at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Neosaimiri annectens at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Stirtonia tatacoensis at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Stirtonia victoriae at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Vallejo Pareja et al., 2015
- ↑ Pardo Jaramillo, 2010
- ↑ Granastrapotherium snorki, Sebecus sp. at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Villarroel, 2000, p.118
- ↑ Kay & Madden, 1997, p.171
- ↑ Neonematherium flabellatum at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Brievabradys laventensis at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Huilabradys magdaleniensis at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Czaplewski et al., 2003, p.278
- ↑ Neotamandua borealis at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Pseudoprepotherium confusum at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Anadasypus hondanus at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Boreostemma acostae at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Boreostemma gigantea at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Neoglyptatelus originalis at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Pedrolypeutes praecursor at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Scirrotherium hondaensis at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Prolicaphrium sanalfolsensis at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Prothoatherium colombianus at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Duke Locality 33 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Villarroelia totoyoi at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Villarroel, 1997
- ↑ Villarroel et al., 1996, p.63
- ↑ Hoffstetter, 1971, p.40
- ↑ Suárez et al., 2015
- ↑ Marshall, 1976
- ↑ Hondadelphys fieldsi at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Pachybiotherium minor at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Thylamys colombianus at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Thylamys minutus at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Hondathentes cazador at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Pithiculites chenche at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Neoreomys huilensis at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Rhodanodolichotis antepridiana at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Scleromys colombianus at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Scleromys schurmanni at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Prodolichotis guerreroi at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ UCMP V4936 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Eodolichotis elachys at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Eodolichotis maddeni at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Rhodanodolichotis vucetichae at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Takai et al., 1991
- ↑ Kiotomops lopezi at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Potamops mascahehenes at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Thyroptera robusta at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Hondalagus at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Quebrada Honda at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Cerro los Pinos at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ 80.0 80.1 IN-DTC-20 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ IN-DTC-28 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ IN-DTC-32 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Río Sepa at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ SEP 005 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ IN 008 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ 86.0 86.1 Pueblo Brugo to Diamante at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ 87.0 87.1 87.2 CTA-45 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Biozona 1 Loc 44-FU at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Rasmussen, 1997
- ↑ Miller, 1953
- ↑ Los Dedos at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Zumbador Cave at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Estes & Wassersug, 1963
- ↑ Gryposuchus colombianus at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Sebecus huiensis at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Dracaena colombiana at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Purussaurus neivensis at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Charactosuchus fieldsi at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Mourasuchus atopus at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ UCMP Locality V4524 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Balanerodus logimus at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Eocaiman at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Cadena et al., 2008, p.1206
- ↑ De la Fuente et al., 2013, p.102
- ↑ Geochelone hesterna at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Hsiou et al., 2010
- ↑ (in Spanish) Fauna de La Venta - serpientes
- ↑ IQ114 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Sur Quebrada Bejucal at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ (in Spanish) Fauna de La Venta - flora, cangrejos y peces
- ↑ Kay & Madden, 1997, p.185
- ↑ Lundberg & Chernoff, 1992, p.5
- ↑ Brachyplatystoma promagdalena at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Amazonian amber at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Jakokkota flora at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Toma Vieja at Fossilworks.org
Bibliography
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- Mariño Formation
- Cerdeño, Esperanza, and M. Guiomar Vucetich. 2007. The first rodent from the Mariño Formation (Miocene) at Divisadero Largo (Mendoza, Argentina) and its biochronological implications. Andean Geology 34. 199–207. Accessed 2017-10-23.
- Paraná Formation
- Cione, Alberto Luis; Daniel Alfredo Cabrera, and María Julia Barla. 2012. Oldest record of the Great White Shark (Lamnidae, Carcharodon; Miocene) in the Southern Atlantic. Geobios 45. 167–172. Accessed 2017-10-22.
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- Pebas Formation
- Antoine, Pierre-Olivier; M. Alejandra Abello; Sylvain Adnet; Ali J. Altamirano Sierra; Patrice Baby; Guillaume Billet; Myriam Boivin; Ysabel Calderón, and Adriana Candela, Jules Chabain, Fernando Corfu, Darin A. Croft, Morgan Ganerød, Carlos Jaramillo, Sebastian Klaus, Laurent Marivaux, Rosa E. Navarrete, Maëva J. Orliac, Francisco Parra, María Encarnación Pérez, François Pujos, Jean-Claude Rage, Anthony Ravel, Céline Robinet, Martin Roddaz, Julia Victoria Tejada Lara, Jorge Vélez Juarbe, Frank P. Wesselingh, Rodolfo Salas Gismondi. 2016. A 60-million-year Cenozoic history of western Amazonian ecosystems in Contamana, eastern Peru. Gondwana Research 31. 30–59. Accessed 2017-08-15.
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- Pisco Formation
- Brand, Leonard; Mario Urbina; Arthur Chadwick; Thomas J. DeVries, and Raul Esperante. 2011. A high resolution stratigraphic framework for the remarkable fossil cetacean assemblage of the Miocene/Pliocene Pisco Formation, Peru. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 31. 414–425. Accessed 2017-10-01.
- Urumaco Formation
- Linares, Omar J. 2004. Bioestratigrafía de la fauna de mamíferos de las formaciones Socorro, Urumaco y Codore (Mioceno Medio-Plioceno Temprano) de la región de Urumaco, Falcón, Venezuela. Paleobiología Neotropical 1. 1–26. Accessed 2017-08-15.
Further reading
- Croft, Darin A. 2016. Horned Armadillos and Rafting Monkeys: The Fascinating Fossil Mammals of South America, 1–320. Indiana University Press ISBN:9780253020949. Accessed 2017-10-21.
- Fleagle, John G., and Alfred L. Rosenberger. 2013. The Platyrrhine Fossil Record, 1–256. Elsevier ISBN:9781483267074. Accessed 2017-10-21.
- Sánchez Villagra, Marcelo R.; Orangel A. Aguilera, and Alfredo A. Carlini. 2010. Urumaco and Venezuelan Paleontology: The Fossil Record of the Northern Neotropics, 1–304. Indiana University Press ISBN:9780253002006. Accessed 2017-10-21.
- Hartwig, W.C., and D.J. Meldrum. 2002. The Primate Fossil Record - Miocene platyrrhines of the northern Neotropics, 175–188. Cambridge University Press , ISBN:978-0-521-08141-2. Accessed 2017-09-24.
- Kay, Richard F.; Richard H. Madden; John J. Flynn, and Richard L. Cifelli. 1997. Vertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics: The Miocene Fauna of La Venta, Colombia, 1–608. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press ISBN:9781935623854. Accessed 2017-10-21.
- Simpson, George Gaylord. 1996. Splendid Isolation: The Curious History of South American Mammals, 1–275. UMI ISBN:9780783733111. Accessed 2017-10-21.
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