Biology:Pamphiliidae
| Pamphiliidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Acantholyda nemoralis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Suborder: | Symphyta |
| Superfamily: | Pamphilioidea |
| Family: | Pamphiliidae Cameron, 1890 |
| Diversity | |
| ~200 species in 8 genera | |
Pamphiliidae (sometimes incorrectly spelled Pamphilidae) is a small wasp family within Symphyta, containing some 200 species from the temperate regions of North America and Eurasia. The larvae feed on plants (often conifers), using silk to build webs or tents, or to roll leaves into tubes in which they feed, thus earning them the common names leaf-rolling sawflies or web-spinning sawflies. Some species are gregarious and the larvae live in large groups. Fossils of Pamphiliidae have been dated to the Jurassic period.[1]
They are distinguished from the closely related Megalodontesidae by their simple, filiform antennae.
Taxonomy
The family is currently divided into three subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis of both extant and extinct species.[2]
- Cephalciinae Benson, 1945
- Acantholyda Costa, 1894
- Caenolyda Konow, 1897
- Cephalcia Panzer, 1805
- Chinolyda Beneš, 1968
- Juralydinae
- Pamphiliinae Cameron, 1890
- Chrysolyda Shinohara, 2002
- Kelidoptera Konow, 1897
- Onycholyda Takeuchi, 1938
- Pamphilius Latreille, 1802
- Pseudocephaleia Zirngiebl, 1937
- Incertae sedis
References
- ↑ Hymenoptera of the world : an identification guide to families. Goulet, Henri., Huber, John T. (John Theodore), Canada. Agriculture Canada. Research Branch.. Ottawa, Ont.: Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research. 1993. ISBN 0-660-14933-8. OCLC 28024976.
- ↑ Wang, M.; Rasnitsyn, A.P.; Li, H.; Shih, C.; Sharkey, M.J.; Ren, D. (2015). "Phylogenetic analyses elucidate the inter‐relationships of Pamphilioidea (Hymenoptera, Symphyta)". Cladistics 32 (3): 239–260. doi:10.1111/cla.12129. PMID 34736302.
- ↑ Wang, M.; Shih, C.; Ren, D.; Rasnitsyn, A.P. (2014). "A new fossil genus in Pamphiliidae (Hymenoptera) from China". Alcheringa 38 (3): 391–397. doi:10.1080/03115518.2014.884366.
- ↑ Jouault, C.; Wei, M.C.; Niu, G.Y.; Nel, A. (2022). "Revision of the Oligocene pamphiliid genus and species Tapholyda caplani (Cockerell, 1933)". Palaeoentomology 5 (2): 173–182. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.2.11.
- ↑ Archibald, S.B.; Rasnitsyn, A.P. (2015). "New early Eocene Siricomorpha (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Pamphiliidae, Siricidae, Cephidae) from the Okanagan Highlands, western North America". The Canadian Entomologist 148 (2): 209–228. doi:10.4039/tce.2015.55.
- Borror, D. J., DeLong, D. M., Triplehorn, C. A.(1976) cuarta edición. An introduction to the study of insects. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. New York, Chicago. ISBN:0-03-088406-3
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q1312365 entry
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