Chemistry:List of β-lactam antibiotics
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This is a list of common β-lactam antibiotics—both administered drugs and those not in clinical use—organized by structural class. Antibiotics are listed alphabetically within their class or subclass by their nonproprietary name. If an antibiotic is a combination drug, both ingredients will be listed.
Penams
Narrow-spectrum
β-lactamase-sensitive
- Benzathine
- benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G)
- Benzathine penicillin G
- Benzathine penicillin V
- Phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin V)
- Procaine penicillin
- Pheneticillin
β-lactamase-resistant
Broad spectrum
Extended spectrum (Antipseudomonal)
Carboxypenicillins
Ureidopenicillins
Cephems
First generation (moderate spectrum)
- Cefazolin
- Cephalexin
- Cephalosporin C
- Cephalothin
- Cefapirin
Second generation (moderate spectrum)
With anti-Haemophilus activity
With anti-anaerobic activity
Third generation (broad spectrum)
Fourth generation (broad spectrum)
(With β-lactamase stability and enhanced activity against Gram-positive bacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)
Fifth generation* (broad spectrum)
(activity against MRSA and variably VRE. *Not universally accepted nomenclature. NO Antipseudomonal activity, mostly ceftriaxone coverage with additional MRSA and some VRE)
- Ceftaroline
Carbapenems and penems
(Broadest spectrum of β-lactam antibiotics)
Monobactams
- Aztreonam
- Tigemonam
- Nocardicin A
- Tabtoxinine β-lactam (does not inhibit penicillin-binding proteins)
β-lactamase inhibitors
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