Engineering:Miller–Casella thermometer
The Miller–Casella thermometer was a Six's thermometer with a double bulb used extensively by the Challenger expedition during the late nineteenth century.[1] The thermomemeter was used for water temperature readings along 360 different research stations around the world's oceans.
The thermometer, about nine inches (23 cm) in length, was enclosed in a copper case and filled with a solution of creosote in spirit.[1] A U-shaped mercury tube recorded maximum and minimum temperature as the thermometer was lowered and raised into the ocean.[2] This design assumed accurate measurements could be taken as long as the water closer to the surface of the ocean was always warmer than that below.
Scientists aboard Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist. later questioned this assumption and made temperature measurements with reversing thermometers instead, which wouldn't require the coldest water to be at the ocean's bottom.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Tizard, T. H; Moseley, F.R.S.; Buchanan, J. Y.; Murray, John (1885). Narrative of the Cruise of H.M.S. Challenger with a General Account of the Scientific Results of the Expedition. pp. 85–86. http://19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/1885-Narrative/README.htm.
- ↑ "The science: water temperature". USCD Aquarium. http://aquarium.ucsd.edu/Education/Learning_Resources/Challenger/science3.php. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
- ↑ "The science: water temperature (reversing thermometer)". http://aquarium.ucsd.edu/Education/Learning_Resources/Challenger/science3a.php. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
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