View source for 1,000,000,000

{{Infobox number
| number        = 1000000000
| cardinal      = One billion ([[Long and short scales|short scale]])<br/>One thousand million, or one milliard ([[Long and short scales|long scale]])
| ordinal       = One billionth (short scale)
| factorization = {{hlist|2<sup>9</sup>|5<sup>9</sup>}}
| roman         = <span style="border-top:double 3px">M</span>
}}
'''1,000,000,000''' (one [[Billion|billion]], [[Long and short scale|short scale]]; one thousand million or one milliard, one yard,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.investopedia.com/terms/y/yard.asp |title=Yard |website=[[Investopedia]] |access-date=13 November 2017}}</ref> long scale) is the [[Natural number|natural number]] following [[100,000,000#900,000,000 to 999,999,999|999,999,999]] and preceding 1,000,000,001. With a number, "billion" can be abbreviated as '''b''', '''bil'''{{citation needed|date=April 2022}} or '''bn'''.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Economist Style Guide |date=2015 |publisher=[[Finance:The Economist|The Economist]] |edition=11th |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=enIZBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT70 |chapter=figures|isbn=9781782830917 }}</ref><ref name="EUStyleGuide">{{cite book |chapter=6.5 Abbreviating ‘million’ and ‘billion’ |title=English Style Guide: A handbook for authors and translators in the European Commission |url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/styleguide_english_dgt_en.pdf |edition=8th |publisher=European Commission |date=3 November 2017 |page=32}}</ref>

In standard form, it is written as '''1 × 10<sup>9</sup>'''. The [[Metric prefix|metric prefix]] giga indicates 1,000,000,000 times the base unit. Its symbol is '''[[Giga-|G]]'''.

One billion years may be called an ''[[Physics:Aeon|eon]]'' in astronomy or geology.

Previously in British English (but not in [[Comparison of American and British English#Numbers|American English]]), the word "billion" referred exclusively to a million millions (1,000,000,000,000). However, this is not common anymore, and the word has been used to mean one thousand million (1,000,000,000) for several decades.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/explore/how-many-is-a-billion |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112163426/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/explore/how-many-is-a-billion |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 12, 2017 |title=How many is a billion? |website=OxfordDictionaries.com |access-date=13 November 2017}}</ref>

The term '''''milliard''''' could also be used to refer to 1,000,000,000; whereas "milliard" is rarely used in English,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=billion%2Cthousand+million%2Cmilliard&year_start=1808&year_end=2008&corpus=18&smoothing=3 |title=billion,thousand million,milliard |website=[[Google Ngram Viewer]] |access-date=13 November 2017}}</ref> variations on this name often appear in other languages.

In the South Asian numbering system, it is known as 100 [[Crore|crore]] or 1 {{not a typo|arab}}.

1,000,000,000 is also the [[Cube (algebra)|cube]] of [[1000 (number)|1000]].

[[File:Visualisation 1 billion.svg|thumb|upright=1.8|Visualization of powers of ten from one to 1 billion]]

==Sense of scale==
The facts below give a sense of how large 1,000,000,000 (10<sup>9</sup>) is in the context of time according to current scientific evidence:

===Time===

* 10<sup>9</sup> seconds (1 gigasecond) equal 11,574 days, 1 hour, 46 minutes and 40 seconds (approximately 31.7 years, or 31 years, 8 months, 8 days).<!--
A Gregorian calendar mean year is 365.2425 days; a gigasecond is 31 mean years plus ~251.56 days. Assuming an average month length of 30 5/12 days, this is 31 mean years, 8 months, and ~8.22 days. Using a less precise Julian year or a more precise average month changes this value by less than a day; because of the ambiguity, do not add a more precise value to the article text here. -->
* About 10<sup>9</sup> minutes ago, the Roman Empire was flourishing and Christianity was emerging. (10<sup>9</sup> minutes is roughly 1,901 years.)
* About 10<sup>9</sup> hours ago, modern human beings and their ancestors were living in the Stone Age (more precisely, the [[Earth:Middle Paleolithic|Middle Paleolithic]]). (10<sup>9</sup> hours is roughly 114,080 years.)
* About 10<sup>9</sup> days ago, ''[[Biology:Australopithecus|Australopithecus]]'', an ape-like creature related to an ancestor of modern humans, roamed the African [[Earth:Savanna|savanna]]s. (10<sup>9</sup> days is roughly {{Nowrap|2.738 million}} years.)
* About 10<sup>9</sup> months ago, [[Biology:Dinosaur|dinosaur]]s walked the Earth during the late [[Earth:Cretaceous|Cretaceous]]. (10<sup>9</sup> months is roughly {{Nowrap|83.3 million}} years.)
* About 10<sup>9</sup> years—a gigaannus—ago, the first [[Biology:Multicellular organism|multicellular]] [[Biology:Eukaryote|eukaryote]]s appeared on Earth.
* About 10<sup>9</sup> decades ago, the [[Astronomy:Thin disk|thin disk]] of the [[Astronomy:Milky Way|Milky Way]] started to form. (10<sup>9</sup> decades is exactly {{Nowrap|10 billion}} years.)
* The [[Astronomy:Universe|universe]] is thought to be about [[Astronomy:Age of the universe|13.8 × 10<sup>9</sup> years old.]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Cosmic_detectives |title=Cosmic Detectives |date=2 April 2013 |website=[[Organization:European Space Agency|European Space Agency]]}}</ref>

===Distance===
* 10<sup>9</sup> inches is {{convert|15783|mi|km}}, more than halfway around the world and thus sufficient to reach any point on the globe from any other point.
* 10<sup>9</sup> [[Metre|metre]]s (called a gigametre) is almost three times the distance from the [[Astronomy:Earth|Earth]] to the [[Astronomy:Moon|Moon]].
* 10<sup>9</sup> [[Kilometre|kilometre]]s (called a terametre) is over six times the distance from the Earth to the [[Astronomy:Sun|Sun]].

===Area===
* A billion square inches could make a square about one half mile on a side.
* A bolt of finely woven 1000-TC bed sheet linen with a billion thread crossings would have an area of {{convert|40|m2|sqyd}}, comparable to the floor area of a motel unit.

===Volume===
* There are one billion cubic millimetres in a [[Cubic metre|cubic metre]], and a billion cubic metres in a cubic kilometre.
* A billion grains of table salt or granulated sugar would occupy a volume of about {{convert|2.5|cuft}}.
* A billion cubic inches would be a volume comparable to a large commercial building slightly larger than a typical supermarket.

===Weight===
* Any object that weighs {{convert|1000000000|kg|lbs|spell=in}} would weigh about as much as 5,525 empty [[Engineering:Boeing 747-400|Boeing 747-400]]s.
* A cube of iron that weighs {{convert|1000000000|lbs|kg|spell=in}} would be {{convert|38.62|m|ft}} on each side.

===Products===
* As of July 2016, [[Company:Apple Inc.|Apple]] has sold one billion [[Engineering:IPhone|iPhone]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/business/consumer/apple-announces-it-has-sold-one-billion-iphones-n618171 |title=Apple Announces It Has Sold One Billion iPhones |last=Panken |first=Eli |date=27 July 2016 |website=NBCNews.com |access-date=22 April 2023}}</ref> This makes the iPhone one of the most successful product lines in history, surpassing the [[Engineering:PlayStation|PlayStation]] and the Rubik's Cube.
* As of January 2023, [[Company:Facebook|Facebook]] has 2.963 billion users.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-posts-strong-profit-and-revenue-growth-1469650289 |title=Facebook Posts Strong Profit and Revenue Growth |last=Seethamaram |first=Deep |date=27 July 2016 |website={{wipe|The Wall Street Journal}} |access-date=13 November 2017}}</ref>

===Nature===
* A small mountain, slightly larger than [[Earth:Stone Mountain|Stone Mountain]] in Georgia, United States, would weigh (have a mass of) a billion tons.
* There are billions of worker ants in the largest ant colony in the world,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/how-the-world-became-a-giant-ant-colony |title=How the World Became A Giant Ant Colony |last=Burke |first=Jeremy |date=16 June 2015 |website=Atlas Obscura |access-date=13 November 2017}}</ref> which covers almost {{convert|4,000|mi|km}} of the Mediterranean coast.
* In 1804, the world population was one billion.

===Count===
'''A''' is a cube; '''B''' consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube ''A'', '''C''' consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube ''B''; and '''D''' consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube ''C''. Thus there are {{Nowrap|1 million}} ''A''-sized cubes in ''C''; and 1,000,000,000 ''A''-sized cubes in ''D''.

[[File:Billion-cubes-new.svg|frameless|upright=3.45]]

==Selected 10-digit numbers (1,000,000,001–9,999,999,999)==
===1,000,000,001 to 1,999,999,999===
* '''1,000,000,007''' = smallest [[Prime number|prime number]] with 10 digits.<ref name="A003617">{{Cite OEIS|1=A003617|2=Smallest n-digit prime}}</ref>
* '''1,000,006,281''' = smallest [[Triangular number|triangular number]] with 10 digits and the 44,721st triangular number.
* '''1,000,014,129''' = 31623<sup>2</sup>, the smallest ten-digit square.
* '''1,003,003,001''' = 1001<sup>3</sup>, palindromic cube
* '''1,021,147,343''' = 1007<sup>3</sup>
* '''1,023,456,789''' = smallest integer containing all digits
* '''1,024,192,512''' = 1008<sup>3</sup>
* '''1,026,753,849''' = 32043<sup>2</sup>, the smallest pandigital [[Square (algebra)|square]] in base 10.
* '''1,069,863,695''' = number of square (0,1)-matrices without zero rows and with exactly 9 entries equal to 1<ref>{{cite OEIS|A122400|Number of square (0,1)-matrices without zero rows and with exactly n entries equal to 1}}</ref>
* '''1,073,741,824''' = 32768<sup>2</sup> = 1024<sup>3</sup> = 64<sup>5</sup> = 32<sup>6</sup> = 8<sup>10</sup> = 4<sup>15</sup> = 2<sup>30</sup>
* '''1,073,742,724''' = [[Leyland number]]
* '''1,073,792,449''' = Leyland number
* '''1,093,104,961''' = number of (unordered, unlabeled) rooted trimmed trees with 28 nodes<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite OEIS|A002955|Number of (unordered, unlabeled) rooted trimmed trees with n nodes}}</ref>
* '''1,104,891,746''' = number of [[Partially ordered set|partially ordered set]] with 12 unlabeled elements<ref>{{cite OEIS|A000112|Number of partially ordered sets (posets) with n unlabeled elements}}</ref>
* '''1,111,111,111''' = [[Repunit|repunit]], also a special number relating to the passing of [[Unix time]].
* '''1,129,760,415''' = 23rd [[Motzkin number]].<ref name=":2">{{cite OEIS|1=A001006|2=Motzkin numbers}}</ref>
* '''1,134,903,170''' = 45th [[Fibonacci number]].
* '''1,139,733,677''' = k such that the sum of the squares of the first k primes is divisible by k.<ref>{{cite OEIS|A111441|Numbers k such that the sum of the squares of the first k primes is divisible by k|access-date=2022-06-02}}</ref>
* '''1,160,290,625''' = 65<sup>5</sup>
* '''1,162,261,467''' = 3<sup>19</sup>
* '''1,162,268,326''' = Leyland number
* '''1,173,741,824''' = Leyland number
* '''1,220,703,125''' = 5<sup>13</sup>
* '''1,221,074,418''' = Leyland number
* '''1,232,922,769''' = [[Centered hexagonal number]].
* '''1,234,567,890''' = pandigital number with the digits in order.
* '''1,252,332,576''' = 66<sup>5</sup>
* '''1,280,000,000''' = 20<sup>7</sup>
* '''1,291,467,969''' = 35937<sup>2</sup> = 1089<sup>3</sup> = 33<sup>6</sup>
* '''1,311,738,121''' = 25th [[Pell number]].<ref name=":3">{{cite OEIS|1=A000129|2=Pell numbers}}</ref>
* '''1,350,125,107''' = 67<sup>5</sup>
* '''1,382,958,545''' = 15th [[Bell number]].<ref>{{cite OEIS|1=A000110|2=Bell or exponential numbers}}</ref>
* '''1,392,251,012''' = number of secondary structures of RNA molecules with 27 nucleotides<ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite OEIS|A004148|Generalized Catalan numbers}}</ref>
* '''1,405,695,061''' = Markov prime
* '''1,406,818,759''' = 30th [[Wedderburn–Etherington number]].<ref name=":4">{{cite OEIS|1=A001190|2=Wedderburn-Etherington numbers}}</ref>
* '''1,421,542,641''' = logarithmic number.<ref>{{cite OEIS|A002104|Logarithmic numbers}}</ref>
* '''{{UN_Population|China}}''' = Population of the People's Republic of China in 2018.{{UN_Population|ref}}
* '''1,453,933,568''' = 68<sup>5</sup>
* '''1,464,407,113''' = number of series-reduced trees with 39 nodes<ref>{{cite OEIS|A000014|Number of series-reduced trees with n nodes}}</ref>
* '''1,466,439,680''' = number of [https://mathworld.wolfram.com/IndependentVertexSet.html independent vertex sets] and [https://mathworld.wolfram.com/VertexCover.html vertex covers] in the 21-[https://mathworld.wolfram.com/SunletGraph.html sunlet graph]<ref name="ReferenceC">{{cite OEIS|A080040|2*a(n-1) + 2*a(n-2) for n > 1}}</ref>
* '''1,475,789,056''' = 38416<sup>2</sup> = 196<sup>4</sup> = 14<sup>8</sup>
* '''1,528,823,808''' = 1152<sup>3</sup>
* '''1,533,776,805''' = pentagonal triangular number
* '''1,544,804,416''' = 39304<sup>2</sup> = 1156<sup>3</sup> = 34<sup>6</sup>
* '''1,564,031,349''' = 69<sup>5</sup>
* '''1,631,432,881''' = 40391<sup>2</sup>, [[Square triangular number|square triangular number]]
* '''1,661,392,258''' = n such that n | (3<sup>n</sup> + 5)<ref>{{cite OEIS|A277288|Positive integers n such that n divides (3^n + 5)}}</ref>
* '''1,673,196,525''' = Lowest common multiple of the odd integers from 1 to 25
* '''1,677,922,740''' = number of series-reduced planted trees with 36 nodes<ref name="ReferenceD">{{cite OEIS|A001678|Number of series-reduced planted trees with n nodes}}</ref>
* '''1,680,700,000''' = 70<sup>5</sup>
* '''1,767,263,190''' = <math>C(19) = \frac{\binom{2 \times 19}{19}}{19+1} = \frac{(2 \times 19)!}{19! \times (19+1)!}</math><ref name="ReferenceH">{{cite OEIS|A000108|Catalan numbers: (2n)!/(n!(n+1)!)}}</ref>
* '''1,787,109,376''' = 1-[[Automorphic number|automorphic number]]<ref name = automorphic>{{Cite OEIS|1=A003226|2=Automorphic numbers|access-date=2019-04-06}}</ref>
* '''1,801,088,541''' = 21<sup>7</sup>
* '''1,804,229,351''' = 71<sup>5</sup>
* '''1,808,141,741''' = number of partitions of 280 into divisors of 280<ref name="ReferenceE">{{cite OEIS|A018818|Number of partitions of n into divisors of n}}</ref>
* '''1,808,676,326''' = number of 38-bead necklaces (turning over is allowed) where complements are equivalent<ref name="ReferenceI">{{cite OEIS|A000011|Number of n-bead necklaces (turning over is allowed) where complements are equivalent}}</ref>
* '''1,836,311,903''' = 46th Fibonacci number.
* '''1,838,265,625''' = 42875<sup>2</sup> = 1225<sup>3</sup> = 35<sup>6</sup>
* '''1,848,549,332''' = number of partitions of 270 into divisors of 270<ref name="ReferenceE"/>
* '''1,857,283,156''' = number of 37-bead binary necklaces with beads of 2 colors where the colors may be swapped but turning over is not allowed<ref name="ReferenceJ">{{cite OEIS|A000013|Definition (1): Number of n-bead binary necklaces with beads of 2 colors where the colors may be swapped but turning over is not allowed}}</ref>
* '''1,882,341,361''' = The smallest prime whose reversal is a [[Square triangular number|square triangular number]] (triangular of 57121).
* '''1,934,917,632''' = 72<sup>5</sup>
* '''1,934,502,740''' = number of parallelogram polyominoes with 27 cells.<ref name="ReferenceF">{{cite OEIS|A006958|Number of parallelogram polyominoes with n cells (also called staircase polyominoes, although that term is overused)}}</ref>
* '''1,996,813,914''' = Leyland number
* '''1,977,326,743''' = 7<sup>11</sup>
* '''1,921,525,212''' = number of partitions of 264 into divisors of 264<ref name="ReferenceE"/>

===2,000,000,000 to 2,999,999,999===
* '''2,038,074,743''' = 100,000,000th prime number
* '''2,062,142,876''' = number of centered hydrocarbons with 30 carbon atoms<ref name="ReferenceK">{{cite OEIS|A000022|Number of centered hydrocarbons with n atoms}}</ref>
* '''2,073,071,593''' = 73<sup>5</sup>
* '''2,147,483,563''' = prime number, used as the modulus for the [[Combined linear congruential generator|combined linear congruential generator]]
* '''[[2,147,483,647|2,147,483,647]]''' = 8th [[Mersenne prime]], 3rd [[Double Mersenne prime|double Mersenne prime]], and the largest signed 32-bit integer.
* '''2,147,483,648''' = 2<sup>31</sup>
* '''2,147,484,609''' = Leyland number
* '''2,176,782,336''' = 46656<sup>2</sup> = 1296<sup>3</sup> = 216<sup>4</sup> = 36<sup>6</sup> = 6<sup>12</sup>
* '''2,179,768,320''' = Leyland number
* '''2,214,502,422''' = 6th [[Primary pseudoperfect number|primary pseudoperfect number]].<ref>{{cite OEIS|1=A054377|2=Primary pseudoperfect numbers}}</ref>
* '''2,219,006,624''' = 74<sup>5</sup>
* '''2,222,222,222''' = [[Repdigit|repdigit]]
* '''2,276,423,485''' = number of ways to partition {1,2,...,12} and then partition each cell (block) into subcells.<ref>{{cite OEIS|A000258|Expansion of e.g.f. exp(exp(exp(x)-1)-1)}}</ref>
* '''2,333,606,816''' = <math>\sum_{d|34} \binom{34}{d}</math><ref>{{cite OEIS|A056045|Sum_{d divides n} binomial(n,d)}}</ref>
* '''2,357,947,691''' = 1331<sup>3</sup> = 11<sup>9</sup>
* '''2,373,046,875''' = 75<sup>5</sup>
* '''2,494,357,888''' = 22<sup>7</sup>
* '''2,535,525,376''' = 76<sup>5</sup>
* '''2,562,890,625''' = 50625<sup>2</sup> = 225<sup>4</sup> = 15<sup>8</sup>
* '''2,565,726,409''' = 50653<sup>2</sup> = 1369<sup>3</sup> = 37<sup>6</sup>
* '''2,573,571,875''' = 5<sup>5</sup>×7<sup>7</sup><ref>{{cite OEIS|A048102|Numbers k such that if k equals Product p_i^e_i then p_i equals e_i for all i}}</ref>
* '''2,695,730,992''' = number of (unordered, unlabeled) rooted trimmed trees with 29 nodes<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
* '''2,706,784,157''' = 77<sup>5</sup>
* '''2,873,403,980''' = number of uniform rooted trees with 27 nodes<ref name="ReferenceG">{{cite OEIS|A317712|Number of uniform rooted trees with n nodes}}</ref>
* '''2,834,510,744''' = number of nonequivalent dissections of an 22-gon into 19 polygons by nonintersecting diagonals up to rotation<ref>{{cite OEIS|A220881|Number of nonequivalent dissections of an n-gon into n-3 polygons by nonintersecting diagonals up to rotation}}</ref>
* '''2,887,174,368''' = 78<sup>5</sup>
* '''2,971,215,073''' = 11th Fibonacci prime (47th Fibonacci number) and a Markov prime.

===3,000,000,000 to 3,999,999,999===
* '''3,010,936,384''' = 54872<sup>2</sup> = 1444<sup>3</sup> = 38<sup>6</sup>
* '''3,077,056,399''' = 79<sup>5</sup>
* '''3,166,815,962''' = 26th Pell number.<ref name=":3" />
* '''3,192,727,797''' = 24th Motzkin number.<ref name=":2" />
* '''3,276,800,000''' = 80<sup>5</sup>
* '''3,323,236,238''' = 31st Wedderburn–Etherington number.<ref name=":4" />
* '''3,333,333,333''' = [[Repdigit|repdigit]]
* '''3,404,825,447''' = 23<sup>7</sup>
* '''3,405,691,582''' = hexadecimal [[Magic number (programming)|CAFEBABE]]; used as a placeholder in programming.
* '''3,405,697,037''' = hexadecimal [[Magic number (programming)|CAFED00D]]; used as a placeholder in programming.
* '''3,461,824,644''' = number of secondary structures of RNA molecules with 28 nucleotides<ref name="ReferenceB"/>
* '''3,486,784,401''' = 59049<sup>2</sup> = 243<sup>4</sup> = 81<sup>5</sup> = 9<sup>10</sup> = 3<sup>20</sup>
* '''3,486,792,401''' = Leyland number
* '''3,492,564,909''' = 1<sup>2</sup>+3<sup>4</sup>+5<sup>6</sup>+7<sup>8</sup>+9<sup>10</sup><ref>{{Cite OEIS|A318868|2=a(n) = 1^2 + 3^4 + 5^6 + 7^8 + 9^10 + 11^12 + 13^14 + ... + (up to n).}}</ref>
* '''3,518,743,761''' = 59319<sup>2</sup> = 1521<sup>3</sup> = 39<sup>6</sup>
* '''3,520,581,954''' = number of series-reduced planted trees with 37 nodes<ref name="ReferenceD"/>
* '''3,524,337,980''' = number of 39-bead necklaces (turning over is allowed) where complements are equivalent<ref name="ReferenceI"/>
* '''3,616,828,364''' = number of 38-bead binary necklaces with beads of 2 colors where the colors may be swapped but turning over is not allowed<ref name="ReferenceJ"/>
* '''3,663,002,302''' = number of prime numbers having eleven digits<ref>{{Cite OEIS|A006879|Number of primes with n digits.}}</ref>
* '''3,665,821,697''' = 437 × 2<sup>23</sup> + 1; smallest [[Proth prime]] for k = 437
* '''3,697,909,056''' = number of primitive polynomials of degree 37 over GF(2)<ref>{{cite OEIS|A011260|Number of primitive polynomials of degree n over GF(2)}}</ref>
* '''3,707,398,432''' = 82<sup>5</sup>
* '''3,735,928,559''' = hexadecimal [[Magic number (programming)|DEADBEEF]]; used as a placeholder in programming.
* '''3,735,929,054''' = hexadecimal [[Magic number (programming)|DEADC0DE]]; used as a placeholder in programming.
* '''3,816,547,290''' = 10 digit polydivisble number
* '''3,939,040,643''' = 83<sup>5</sup>

===4,000,000,000 to 4,999,999,999===
* '''4,006,387,712''' = number of [https://mathworld.wolfram.com/IndependentVertexSet.html independent vertex sets] and [https://mathworld.wolfram.com/VertexCover.html vertex covers] in the 22-[https://mathworld.wolfram.com/SunletGraph.html sunlet graph]<ref name="ReferenceC"/>
* '''4,021,227,877''' = least k >= 1 such that the remainder when 6<sup>k</sup> is divided by k is 5<ref>{{cite OEIS|A127816|least k such that the remainder when 6^k is divided by k is n}}</ref>
* '''4,096,000,000''' = 64000<sup>2</sup> = 1600<sup>3</sup> = 40<sup>6</sup>
* '''4,118,054,813''' = number of primes under 10<sup>11</sup>
* '''4,182,119,424''' = 84<sup>5</sup>
* '''4,294,967,291''' = Largest prime 32-bit unsigned integer.
* '''[[4,294,967,295|4,294,967,295]]''' = Maximum 32-bit unsigned integer (FFFFFFFF[[Hexadecimal|<sub>16</sub>]]), [[Perfect totient number|perfect totient number]], product of all known Fermat primes <math>F_0</math> through <math>F_4</math>.
* '''4,294,967,296''' = 65536<sup>2</sup> = 256<sup>4</sup> = 16<sup>8</sup> = 4<sup>16</sup> = 2<sup>32</sup>
* '''4,294,967,297''' = <math>F_5</math>, the first composite [[Fermat number]].
* '''4,294,968,320''' = Leyland number
* '''4,295,032,832''' = Leyland number
* '''4,437,053,125''' = 85<sup>5</sup>
* '''4,444,444,444''' = [[Repdigit|repdigit]]
* '''4,467,033,943''' – number of parallelogram polyominoes with 28 cells.<ref name="ReferenceF"/>
* '''4,486,784,401''' = Leyland number
* '''4,500,000,000''' = Approximate age of the Earth in years
* '''4,586,471,424''' = 24<sup>7</sup>
* '''4,704,270,176''' = 86<sup>5</sup>
* '''4,750,104,241''' = 68921<sup>2</sup> = 1681<sup>3</sup> = 41<sup>6</sup>
* '''4,807,526,976''' = 48th Fibonacci number.
* '''4,984,209,207''' = 87<sup>5</sup>

===5,000,000,000 to 5,999,999,999===
* '''5,159,780,352''' = 1728<sup>3</sup> = 12<sup>9</sup> = 1,000,000,000<sub>12</sub> AKA a great-great-great-gross (1,000,000<sub>12</sub> great-grosses or 1000<sub>12</sub> great-great-grosses)
* '''5,277,319,168''' = 88<sup>5</sup>
* '''5,345,531,935''' = number of centered hydrocarbons with 31 carbon atoms<ref name="ReferenceK"/>
* '''5,354,228,880''' = superior highly composite number, smallest number divisible by all the numbers 1 through 24
* '''5,489,031,744''' = 74088<sup>2</sup> = 1764<sup>3</sup> = 42<sup>6</sup>
* '''5,555,555,555''' = [[Repdigit|repdigit]]
* '''5,584,059,449''' = 89<sup>5</sup>
* '''5,726,623,061''' = 101010101010101010101010101010101 in binary
* '''5,784,634,181''' = 13th [[Alternating factorial|alternating factorial]].<ref>{{cite OEIS|1=A005165|2=Alternating factorials}}</ref>
* '''5,904,900,000''' = 90<sup>5</sup>

===6,000,000,000 to 6,999,999,999===
* '''6,103,515,625''' = 78125<sup>2</sup> = 25<sup>7</sup> = 5<sup>14</sup>
* '''6,104,053,449''' = Leyland number
* '''6,210,001,000''' = only [[Self-descriptive number|self-descriptive number]] in base 10.
* '''6,227,020,800''' = 13[[Factorial|!]]
* '''6,240,321,451''' = 91<sup>5</sup>
* '''6,321,363,049''' = 79507<sup>2</sup> = 1849<sup>3</sup> = 43<sup>6</sup>
* '''6,469,693,230''' = tenth [[Primorial|primorial]]
* '''6,564,120,420''' = <math>C(20) = \frac{\binom{2 \times 20}{20}}{20+1} = \frac{(2 \times 20)!}{20! \times (20+1)!}</math><ref name="ReferenceH"/>
* '''6,590,815,232''' = 92<sup>5</sup>
* '''6,659,914,175''' = number of (unordered, unlabeled) rooted trimmed trees with 30 nodes<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
* '''6,666,666,666''' = [[Repdigit|repdigit]]
* '''6,956,883,693''' = 93<sup>5</sup>
* '''6,975,757,441''' = 83521<sup>2</sup> = 289<sup>4</sup> = 17<sup>8</sup>
* '''6,983,776,800''' = 15th [[Colossally abundant number|colossally abundant number]],<ref>{{cite OEIS|1=A004490|2=Colossally abundant numbers}}</ref> 15th [[Superior highly composite number|superior highly composite number]]<ref>{{cite OEIS|1=A002201|2=Superior highly composite numbers}}</ref>

===7,000,000,000 to 7,999,999,999===
* '''7,007,009,909''' = smallest number in base 10 to take 100 iterations to form a palindrome<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jasondoucette.com/pal/7007009909|date=July 9, 2021|title=Reversal-Addition Palindrome Test on 7007009909}}</ref>
* '''7,048,151,672''' = number of 39-bead binary necklaces with beads of 2 colors where the colors may be swapped but turning over is not allowed<ref name="ReferenceJ"/>
* '''7,256,313,856''' = 85184<sup>2</sup> = 1936<sup>3</sup> = 44<sup>6</sup>
* '''7,339,040,224''' = 94<sup>5</sup>
* '''7,371,308,068''' = number of partitions of 252 into divisors of 252<ref name="ReferenceE"/>
* '''7,391,026,522''' = number of planar partitions of 49<ref>{{cite OEIS|A000219|Number of planar partitions (or plane partitions) of n}}</ref>
* '''7,464,000,000''' = Estimated population of the Earth in ''2016'' according to Worldometers<ref name="worldometer">{{cite web|url=https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/world-population-by-year/|title=World Population by Year|date=January 1, 2017}}</ref>
* '''7,544,428,973''' = number of uniform rooted trees with 28 nodes<ref name="ReferenceG"/>
* '''7,645,370,045''' = 27th Pell number.<ref name=":3" />
* '''7,737,809,375''' = 95<sup>5</sup>
* '''7,777,777,777''' = [[Repdigit|repdigit]]
* '''7,778,742,049''' = 49th Fibonacci number.
* '''7,795,000,000''' = Estimated population of the Earth in ''2020'' according to Worldometers<ref name="worldometer" />
* '''7,862,958,391''' = 32nd Wedderburn–Etherington number.<ref name=":4" />

===8,000,000,000 to 8,999,999,999===
* '''8,031,810,176''' = 26<sup>7</sup>
* '''8,153,726,976''' = 96<sup>5</sup>
* '''8,212,890,625''' = 1-[[Automorphic number|automorphic number]]<ref name = automorphic/>
* '''8,303,765,625''' = 91125<sup>2</sup> = 2025<sup>3</sup> = 45<sup>6</sup>
* '''8,549,176,320''' = [[Pandigital number|pandigital number]] with the digits arranged in alphabetical order by English name
* '''8,587,340,257''' = 97<sup>5</sup>
* '''8,589,866,963''' = number of subsets of {1,2,...,33} with relatively prime elements<ref>{{cite OEIS|A085945|Number of subsets of {1,2,...,n} with relatively prime elements}}</ref>
* '''8,589,869,056''' = 6th [[Perfect number|perfect number]].<ref>{{cite OEIS|1=A000396|2=Perfect numbers}}</ref>
* '''8,589,934,592''' = 2048<sup>3</sup> = 8<sup>11</sup> = 2<sup>33</sup>
* '''8,589,935,681''' = Leyland prime
* '''8,622,571,758''' = number of secondary structures of RNA molecules with 29 nucleotides<ref name="ReferenceB"/>
* '''8,804,293,473''' = Leyland number
* '''8,888,888,888''' = [[Repdigit|repdigit]]

===9,000,000,000 to 9,999,999,999===
* '''9,039,207,968''' = 98<sup>5</sup>
* '''9,043,402,501''' = 25th [[Motzkin number]].<ref name=":2" />
* '''9,393,931,000''' = 2110<sup>3</sup>
* '''9,474,296,896''' = 97336<sup>2</sup> = 2116<sup>3</sup> = 46<sup>6</sup>
* '''9,509,900,499''' = 99<sup>5</sup>
* '''9,814,072,356''' = 99066<sup>2</sup>, the largest pandigital square, largest pandigital pure power.
* '''9,876,543,210''' = largest number without repeated digits in base 10.
* '''9,999,800,001''' = 99999<sup>2</sup>, the largest ten-digit square.
* '''9,999,999,967''' = greatest prime number with 10 digits<ref name="wAlfa">{{cite web |url=http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=Greatest+prime+number+with+10+digits |title=Greatest prime number with 10 digits |website=[[Physics:Wolfram Alpha|Wolfram Alpha]] |access-date=13 November 2017}}</ref>
* '''9,999,999,999''' = largest 10-digit number, [[Repdigit|repdigit]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Large numbers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1000000000 (Number)}}
[[Category:Integers]]
[[Category:Large numbers]]

{{Sourceattribution|1,000,000,000}}