View source for 60 (number)

{{Infobox number
| number = 60
| divisor = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, 60
}}

'''60''' ('''sixty''') ({{Audio|en-us-sixty.ogg|Listen}}) is the [[Natural number|natural number]] following [[59 (number)|59]] and preceding [[61 (number)|61]]. Being three times 20, it is called ''threescore'' in older literature (''[[Kopa (number)|kopa]]'' in Slavic, ''Schock'' in Germanic).

==In mathematics==
* 60 is a [[Highly composite number|highly composite number]].<ref>{{Cite OEIS|1=A002182|2=Highly composite numbers|access-date=2016-05-30}}</ref> Because it is the sum of its unitary divisors (excluding itself), it is a [[Unitary perfect number|unitary perfect number]],<ref>{{Cite OEIS|1=A002827|2=Unitary perfect numbers|access-date=2016-05-30}}</ref> and it is an [[Abundant number|abundant number]] with an abundance of [[48 (number)|48]]. Being ten times a perfect number, it is a [[Semiperfect number|semiperfect number]].
* 60 is a [[Twin prime|Twin-prime]] sum of the fifth pair of twin-primes, 29 + 31.
* It is the smallest number divisible by the numbers 1 to 6: there is no smaller number divisible by the numbers 1 to 5 since any number divisible by 2 and 3 must also be divisible by 6.
* It is the smallest number with exactly 12 divisors. Having 12 as one of those divisors, 60 is also a [[Refactorable number|refactorable number]].
* It is one of seven integers that have more divisors than any number less than twice itself {{OEIS|id=A072938}}, one of six that are also lowest common multiple of a consecutive set of integers from 1, and one of six that are divisors of every highly composite number higher than itself.{{OEIS|id=A106037}}
* It is the smallest number that is the sum of two odd primes in six ways.<ref name="Wells">Wells, D. ''The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers'' London: Penguin Group. (1987): 109–110.</ref>
* The smallest non[[Solvable group|solvable group]] ([[Alternating group|A<sub>5</sub>]]) has order 60.

[[File:Icosidodecahedron.png|thumb|right|160px|The [[Icosidodecahedron|icosidodecahedron]] has 60 edges, all equivalent.]]
* There are four [[Archimedean solid]]s with 60 vertices: the [[Truncated icosahedron|truncated icosahedron]], the [[Rhombicosidodecahedron|rhombicosidodecahedron]], the [[Snub dodecahedron|snub dodecahedron]], and the [[Truncated dodecahedron|truncated dodecahedron]].  The skeletons of these polyhedra form 60-node [[Vertex-transitive graph|vertex-transitive graph]]s.  There are also two Archimedean solids with 60 edges: the [[Snub cube|snub cube]] and the [[Icosidodecahedron|icosidodecahedron]].  The skeleton of the icosidodecahedron forms a 60-edge [[Symmetric graph|symmetric graph]].
* There are 60 one-sided hexominoes, the polyominoes made from six squares.
* In [[Geometry|geometry]], it is the number of [[Arcsecond|seconds]] in a [[Arcminute|minute]], and the number of minutes in a [[Degree (angle)|degree]].
* In normal space, the three interior angles of an [[Equilateral triangle|equilateral triangle]] each measure 60 degrees, adding up to 180 degrees.
* Because it is divisible by the sum of its digits in decimal, it is a [[Harshad number]].
* A number system with base 60 is called [[Sexagesimal|sexagesimal]] (the original meaning of ''sexagesimal'' is sixtieth).
* It is the smallest positive integer that is written with only the smallest and the largest digit of base 2 ([[Binary number|binary]]), base 3 ([[Ternary numeral system|ternary]]), and base 4 ([[Quaternary numeral system|quaternary]]).
* 60 is also the product of the side lengths of the smallest whole number [[Right triangle|right triangle]]: 3, 4, 5, a type of [[Pythagorean triple]].<ref>{{cite OEIS|A063011|Ordered products of the sides of primitive Pythagorean triangles}}</ref>

==In science and technology==
[[File:C60 Molecule.svg|thumb|right|160px|[[Chemistry:Buckminsterfullerene|Buckminsterfullerene]] C<sub>60</sub> has 60 carbon atoms in each molecule, arranged in a [[Truncated icosahedron|truncated icosahedron]].]]
The first [[Chemistry:Fullerene|fullerene]] to be discovered was [[Chemistry:Buckminsterfullerene|buckminsterfullerene]] C<sub>60</sub>, an [[Chemistry:Allotropes of carbon|allotrope of carbon]] with 60 [[Physics:Atom|atom]]s in each [[Physics:Molecule|molecule]], arranged in a [[Truncated icosahedron|truncated icosahedron]]. This ball is known as a buckyball, and looks like a soccer ball.

The [[Physics:Atomic number|atomic number]] of [[Chemistry:Neodymium|neodymium]] is 60, and [[Physics:Cobalt-60|cobalt-60]] (<sup>60</sup>Co) is a [[Physics:Radioactive|radioactive]] [[Physics:Isotopes of cobalt|isotope]] of [[Chemistry:Cobalt|cobalt]].

The electrical [[Physics:Utility frequency|utility frequency]] in western Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, the Philippines, the United States, and several other countries in the Americas is 60 [[Hertz|Hz]].

An [[Exbibyte|exbibyte]] (sometimes called [[Exabyte|exabyte]]) is 2<sup>60</sup> [[Byte|byte]]s.

==Cultural number systems==
[[Image:Babylonian numerals.svg|450px|thumb|Babylonian cuneiform numerals]]
The [[Babylonian cuneiform numerals]] had a [[Numeral system|base]] of 60, inherited from the Sumerian and Akkadian civilizations, and possibly motivated by the large number of divisors that 60 has.{{Citation needed|date=December 2022}}  The [[Sexagesimal|sexagesimal]] measurement of time and of geometric angles is a legacy of the Babylonian system.

The number system in the Mali Empire was based on 60, reflected in the counting system of the Maasina Fulfulde, a variant of the Fula language spoken in contemporary Mali.<ref>{{cite book|last=La Fontane|first=Jean sybil|year=2004|title=The Interpretation of Ritual: Essays in Honour of A.I. Richards|publisher=Routledge|page=320}}</ref> The Ekagi of Western New Guinea used base 60,<ref>{{ Cite journal|title=Kapauku numeration: Reckoning, racism, scholarship, and Melanesian counting systems |first=Nancy |last=Bowers |journal=Journal of the Polynesian Society |volume=86 |issue=1 |pages=105–116 |year=1977 |url=http://www.ethnomath.org/resources/bowers1977.pdf |url-status=dead  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305190121/http://www.ethnomath.org/resources/bowers1977.pdf |archive-date=March 5, 2009 }}</ref> and the [[Physics:Sexagenary cycle|sexagenary cycle]] plays a role in Chinese calendar and numerology.

From [[Place:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] in Slavic and Baltic languages 60 has its own name ''[[Kopa (number)|kopa]]'' ({{lang-pl|kopa}}, {{lang-be|капа́}}, {{lang-lt|kapa}}, {{lang-cz|kopa}}, {{Lang-ru|копа}}, {{lang-uk|копа́}}), in Germanic languages: {{lang-de|Schock}}, {{Lang-da|skok}}, {{Lang-nl|schok}}, {{Lang-sv|Skock}}, {{Lang-no|Skokk}} and in {{lang-la|sexagena}} refer to 60 = 5 [[Dozen|dozen]] = {{sfrac|2}} small gross. This quantity was used in international medieval treaties e.g. for ransom of captured Teutonic Knights.

==In religion==
60 occurs several times in the [[Religion:Bible|Bible]]; for example, as the age of Isaac when Jacob and Esau were born,<ref>[http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=genesis%2025:26&version=NIV Biblegateway Genesis 25:26]</ref> and the number of warriors escorting King [[Biography:Solomon|Solomon]].<ref>[http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Song%20of%20Solomon+3:7&version=NIV Biblegateway Song of Solomon 3:7]</ref>

In the laws of kashrut of [[Religion:Judaism|Judaism]], 60 is the proportion (60:1) of kosher to non-kosher ingredients that can render an admixture kosher post-facto.<ref>Talmud, Tractate Chullin 98b; Shulchan Aruch, Yoreh Deah 98.</ref>

In the Quran, 60 is mentioned once: "..he should feed sixty indigent ones..",<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quran.al-islam.com/Page.aspx?pageid=221&BookID=15&Page=1 |title=Koran, Al-Mujadala,4 |access-date=2011-02-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110310003311/http://quran.al-islam.com/Page.aspx?pageid=221&BookID=15&Page=1 |archive-date=2011-03-10 |url-status=dead }}</ref> but it is mentioned many times in the Hadith, most notably Muhammad being reported to say, "..Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, created Adam in His own image with His length of sixty cubits.."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.searchtruth.com/book_display.php?book=040&translator=2&start=0&number=6809#6809|title=40. The Book Pertaining to Paradise, Its Description, Its Bounties and Its Intimates (Kitab Al-Jannat wa Sifat Naimiha wa Ahliha) - Sahih Muslim - 0 - 6809}}</ref>

In Hinduism, the 60th birthday of a man is called Sashti poorthi. A ceremony called Sashti (60) Abda (years) Poorthi (completed) in Sanskrit is conducted to felicitate this birthday. It represents a milestone in his life. There are 60 years mentioned in the historic Indian calendars.

==In other fields==
[[Image:Stoppuhr.jpg|thumb|right|160px|There are 60 seconds in a minute, and 60 minutes in an hour.]]
It is:
* In [[Time|time]], the number of [[Second|second]]s in a [[Minute|minute]], and the number of minutes in an [[Hour|hour]].<ref>Dennis Guedj, ''Numbers: The Universal Language'', transl. Lory Frankel. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. Publishers (1997): 71. "60:  the ace of divisibility. The more divisible a number is ... the more useful it proves in certain situations. ... Is it because 60 is highly divisible that the hour has been divided into 60 minutes, and the minute into 60 seconds? Look at the list of its twelve divisors ... Compare this with the larger number 100, which has only nine divisors."</ref> (a legacy of the Babylonian number system)
* The number of feet in the standard measurement tool to evaluate an automotive launch on a dragstrip, as the time taken to travel the first {{convert|60|ft|m}} of the track.
* The number of miles per hour an automobile accelerates to from rest (0-60) as one of the standard measurements of performance
* The number of years in a [[Physics:Sexagenary cycle|sexagenary cycle]]
* ''60 Minutes'', a CBS investigative [[Engineering:Television|television]] show
* ''Sixty Minute Man'' was a TV show starring Kenny Baumann
* A common speed limit, in miles per hour, for freeways in many {{wipe|United States}} states
* A common speed limit, in kilometers per hour, in urban areas in {{wipe|Russia}}
* In years of [[Biology:Marriage|marriage]], the [[Chemistry:Diamond|diamond]] wedding anniversary
* The maximum number of marbles (game pieces) in Chinese checkers
* The code for international direct dial calls to Malaysia
* The highest attainable level in ''[[Software:World of Warcraft|World of Warcraft]]'' (not including the five latest expansions)
* ''Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip'' was a TV show on NBC (2006–07)
* ''Gone in 60 Seconds'' is a movie starring Nicolas Cage
* [[Company:Miss Sixty|Miss Sixty]] is a women's apparel brand
* The number of cards in the game Rack-O
* The number of the French department Oise
* Alpha 60 is a brain-computer in the movie ''Alphaville'' directed by [[Biography:Jean-Luc Godard|Jean-Luc Godard]]
* The age for senior citizens in some cultures

==In sports==
* In darts, 60 (treble-twenty) is the highest score that can be achieved with a single dart.
* New York Yankees Babe Ruth hit 60 home runs in 1927 during a 154-game season; although the record has been broken three times since then, by Roger Maris, Mark McGwire, and Barry Bonds (with Sammy Sosa and Aaron Judge also exceeding that total), those records were set during a 162-game season.
* In NCAA Division II, each member school may provide athletically-related financial aid in men's sports amounting to no more than the equivalent of 60 full [[Social:Athletic scholarship|scholarships]]. Basketball and football are excluded from this limit by rule.
* The total number of minutes in an ice hockey game, divided into three periods.
* The total number of minutes in a gridiron football game, divided into four quarters.
* The point differential in the 2024 Orange Bowl played between Georgia and FSU.

== See also ==
* List of highways numbered 60

==References==
<references />

==External links==
* {{cite web|last=Woolley|first=Thomas|title=60|website=[[Company:YouTube|YouTube]] |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9m2jck1f90}}


[[Category:Integers]]

{{Sourceattribution|60 (number)}}