View source for Astronomy:1336 Zeelandia

{{Infobox planet
 | minorplanet     = yes
 | name            = 1336 Zeelandia
 | background      = #D6D6D6
 | image           = 001336-asteroid shape model (1336) Zeelandia.png
 | image_scale      =
 | caption         = Shape model of ''Zeelandia'' from its [[Astronomy:Lightcurve|lightcurve]]
 | discovery_ref   = <ref name="jpldata" />
 | discoverer      = [[Biography:Hendrik van Gent|H. van Gent]]
 | discovery_site  = Johannesburg Obs.
 | discovered      = 9 September 1934
 | mpc_name        = (1336) Zeelandia
 | alt_names       = 1934 RW{{·}}1929 QE<br />1930 XC{{·}}1935 YF<br />1939 RP{{·}}A906 YO
 | pronounced      = 
 | named_after     = Zeeland<ref name="springer" /><br />{{small|(a province of the Netherlands)}}
 | mp_category     = main-belt{{·}}{{small|([[Astronomy:Kirkwood gap|outer]])}}<br />[[Astronomy:Koronis family|Koronis]]<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Ferret" />
 | orbit_ref       = <ref name="jpldata" />
 | epoch           = 4 September 2017 ([[Astronomy:Julian day|JD]] 2458000.5)
 | uncertainty     = 0
 | observation_arc = 112.01 yr (40,913 days)
 | aphelion        = 3.0348 [[Astronomy:Astronomical unit|AU]]
 | perihelion      = 2.6654 AU
 | semimajor       = 2.8501 AU
 | eccentricity    = 0.0648
 | period          = 4.81 [[Astronomy:Julian year|yr]] (1,757 days)
 | mean_anomaly    = 117.20[[Degree (angle)|°]]
 | mean_motion     = {{Deg2DMS|0.2048|sup=ms}} / day
 | inclination     = 3.1972°
 | asc_node        = 97.420°
 | arg_peri        = 220.01°
 | dimensions      = {{val|19.18|0.51}} km<ref name="AKARI" /><br />{{val|20.99|2.1}} km<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="SIMPS" /><br />{{val|21.441|0.132}} km<ref name="Masiero-2014" /><br />{{val|23.056|0.108}} km<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|23.63|3.31}} km<ref name="Masiero-2012" />
 | rotation        = {{val|15.602}} [[Hour|h]]<ref name="Slivan-2008" /><br />{{val|15.624|0.001}} h<ref name="geneva-obs" />
 | albedo          = {{val|0.153|0.280}}<ref name="Masiero-2012" /><br />{{val|0.1829|0.0228}}<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|0.2183|0.052}}<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="SIMPS" /><br />{{val|0.232|0.045}}<ref name="Masiero-2014" /><br />{{val|0.273|0.017}}<ref name="AKARI" />
 | spectral_type   = B–V {{=}} 0.810<ref name="jpldata" /><br />U–B {{=}} 0.366<ref name="jpldata" /><br />Tholen {{=}} [[Astronomy:S-type asteroid|S]]<ref name="jpldata" /><br />SMASS {{=}} [[Astronomy:S-type asteroid|S]]<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" />
 | abs_magnitude   = 10.66<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="AKARI" /><ref name="SIMPS" /><ref name="WISE" />{{·}}{{val|10.71|0.58}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />{{·}}10.79<ref name="Masiero-2012" />{{·}}{{val|10.94|0.02}}<ref name="Slivan-2008" />
}}

'''1336 Zeelandia''', provisional designation {{mp|1934 RW}}, is a stony Koronian [[Astronomy:Asteroid|asteroid]] from the outer regions of the [[Astronomy:Asteroid belt|asteroid belt]], approximately 21 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 September 1934, by Dutch astronomer [[Biography:Hendrik van Gent|Hendrik van Gent]] at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The asteroid was named for the Dutch province of Zeeland.<ref name="springer" />

== Orbit and classification ==

''Zeelandia'' belongs to the [[Astronomy:Koronis family|Koronis family]] ({{small|[[Astronomy:FIN tbl#605|605]]}}),<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Ferret" /> a very large [[Astronomy:Asteroid family|asteroid family]] of 6,000 known members with stony composition and nearly co-planar  [[Astronomy:Ecliptic|ecliptical orbits]].<ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />

It orbits the Sun in the [[Astronomy:Kirkwood gap|outer]] main-belt at a distance of 2.7–3.0&nbsp;[[Astronomy:Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 4 years and 10 months (1,757 days; semi-major axis of 2.85&nbsp;AU). Its orbit has an [[Astronomy:Orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.06 and an [[Astronomy:Orbital inclination|inclination]] of 3[[Degree (angle)|°]] with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> In October 1905, a first [[Astronomy:Precovery|precovery]] was taken at the [[Astronomy:Lowell Observatory|Lowell Observatory]] in Arizona. Its first identification as {{mp|A906 YO}} was made at Taunton Observatory ({{small|803}}) in December 1906. The body's [[Astronomy:Observation arc|observation arc]] begins with its official discovery observation at Johannesburg in September 1934.<ref name="MPC-object" />

== Physical characteristics ==

''Zeelandia'' has been characterized as a stony [[Astronomy:S-type asteroid|S-type asteroid]] in both the Tholen and SMASS classification.<ref name="jpldata" />

=== Rotation period ===

In March 2004, a rotational [[Astronomy:Lightcurve|lightcurve]] of ''Zeelandia'' was obtained from photometric observations by a collaboration of American astronomers. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined [[Rotation period|rotation period]] of 15.602 hours with a brightness variation of 0.61 [[Astronomy:Magnitude|magnitude]] ({{small|U=3}}).<ref name="Slivan-2008" /> The result was confirmed by photometrists [[Biography:Pierre Antonini|Pierre Antonini]], Federico Manzini, Julian Oey and Frederick Pilcher, as well as Hiromi and Hiroko Hamanowa, who measured a similar period of 15.624 with an amplitude of 0.50 magnitude in April 2005 ({{small|U=3}}).<ref name="geneva-obs" />

=== Diameter and albedo ===

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite [[Astronomy:IRAS|IRAS]], the Japanese [[Astronomy:Akari (satellite)|Akari satellite]], and the [[Astronomy:NEOWISE|NEOWISE]] mission of NASA's [[Astronomy:Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer|Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]], ''Zeelandia'' measures between 19.18 and 23.63 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an [[Astronomy:Astronomical albedo|albedo]] between 0.153 and 0.273.<ref name="AKARI" /><ref name="SIMPS" /><ref name="Masiero-2014" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Masiero-2012" />

The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.2183 and a diameter of 20.99 kilometers based on an [[Astronomy:Absolute magnitude|absolute magnitude]] of 10.66.<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="SIMPS" />

== Naming ==

This [[Astronomy:Minor planet|minor planet]] was named for the Dutch province of Zeeland. The official naming citation was mentioned in ''The Names of the Minor Planets'' by Paul Herget in 1955 ({{small|H 121}}).<ref name="springer" />

== References ==
{{reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
  |type       = 2017-10-31 last obs.
  |title      = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1336 Zeelandia (1934 RW)
  |url        = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001336
  |publisher  = [[Organization:Jet Propulsion Laboratory|Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
  |accessdate = 28 November 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="springer">{{cite book
  |last       = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
  |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names |publisher  = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
  |page       = 109
  |date       = 2007
  |isbn       = 978-3-540-00238-3
  |doi       = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1337 |chapter       = (1336) Zeelandia }}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
  |title      = 1336 Zeelandia (1934 RW)
  |work       = Minor Planet Center
  |url        = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1336
  |accessdate = 28 November 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="geneva-obs">{{cite web
  |title      = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1336) Zeelandia
  |last       = Behrend |first = Raoul
  |publisher  = Geneva Observatory
  |url        = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001336
  |accessdate = 28 November 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Masiero-2014">{{cite journal
  |display-authors = 6
  |first1     = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero
  |first2     = T. |last2 = Grav
  |first3     = A. K. |last3 = Mainzer
  |first4     = C. R. |last4 = Nugent
  |first5     = J. M. |last5 = Bauer
  |first6     = R. |last6 = Stevenson
  |first7     = S. |last7 = Sonnett
  |date       = August 2014
  |title      = Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos
  |journal    = The Astrophysical Journal
  |volume     = 791
  |issue      = 2
  |page       = 11
  |bibcode    = 2014ApJ...791..121M
  |doi        = 10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121
  |arxiv      = 1406.6645}}</ref>

<ref name="SIMPS">{{cite journal
  |first1     = E. F. |last1 = Tedesco
  |first2     = P. V. |last2 = Noah
  |first3     = M. |last3 = Noah
  |first4     = S. D. |last4 = Price
  |date       = October 2004
  |title      = IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0
  |url        = https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab
  |journal    = NASA Planetary Data System
  |volume     = 12
  |pages      = IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0
  |bibcode    = 2004PDSS...12.....T
  |accessdate = 22 October 2019}}</ref>

<ref name="Ferret">{{cite web
  |title      = Asteroid 1336 Zeelandia – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0
  |work       = Small Bodies Data Ferret
  |url        = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1336+Zeelandia#Asteroid%201336%20ZeelandiaEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0
  |accessdate = 26 October 2019}}</ref>

<ref name="Nesvorny-2014">{{Cite book
  |first1     = D. |last1 = Nesvorný
  |first2     = M. |last2 = Broz
  |first3     = V. |last3 = Carruba
  |date       = December 2014
  |chapter      = Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families
  |title    = Asteroids IV
  |pages      = 297–321
  |bibcode    = 2015aste.book..297N
  |doi        = 10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016
  |arxiv      = 1502.01628
  |isbn       = 9780816532131}}</ref>

<ref name="lcdb">{{cite web
  |title      = LCDB Data for (1336) Zeelandia
  |publisher  = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
  |url        = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1336%7CZeelandia
  |accessdate = 28 November 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="AKARI">{{cite journal
  |display-authors = 6
  |first1     = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui
  |first2     = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda
  |first3     = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller
  |first4     = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa
  |first5     = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro
  |first6     = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo
  |first7     = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara
  |first8     = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza
  |first9     = Satoshi |last9 = Takita
  |first10    = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu
  |first11    = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno
  |first12    = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara
  |first13    = Takashi |last13 = Onaka
  |date       = October 2011
  |title      = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey
  |journal    = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
  |volume     = 63
  |issue      = 5
  |pages      = 1117–1138
  |bibcode    = 2011PASJ...63.1117U
  |doi        = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117
  |doi-access= 
  }} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=1336 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])</ref>

<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal
  |display-authors = 6
  |first1     = A. |last1 = Mainzer
  |first2     = T. |last2 = Grav
  |first3     = J. |last3 = Masiero
  |first4     = E. |last4 = Hand
  |first5     = J. |last5 = Bauer
  |first6     = D. |last6 = Tholen
  |first7     = R. S. |last7 = McMillan
  |first8     = T. |last8 = Spahr
  |first9     = R. M. |last9 = Cutri
  |first10    = E. |last10 = Wright
  |first11    = J. |last11 = Watkins
  |first12    = W. |last12 = Mo
  |first13    = C. |last13 = Maleszewski
  |date       = November 2011
  |title      = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results
  |journal    = The Astrophysical Journal
  |volume     = 741
  |issue      = 2
  |page       = 25
  |bibcode    = 2011ApJ...741...90M
  |doi        = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90
  |arxiv      = 1109.6407}}</ref>

<ref name="Masiero-2012">{{cite journal
  |display-authors = 6
  |first1     = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero
  |first2     = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer
  |first3     = T. |last3 = Grav
  |first4     = J. M. |last4 = Bauer
  |first5     = R. M. |last5 = Cutri
  |first6     = C. |last6 = Nugent
  |first7     = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera
  |date       = November 2012
  |title      = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids
  |url        = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M
  |journal    = The Astrophysical Journal Letters
  |volume     = 759
  |issue      = 1
  |page       = 5
  |bibcode    = 2012ApJ...759L...8M
  |doi        = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8
  |arxiv      = 1209.5794
  |access-date= 28 November 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Slivan-2008">{{Cite journal
  |display-authors = 6
  |first1     = Stephen M. |last1 = Slivan
  |first2     = Richard P. |last2 = Binzel
  |first3     = Shaida C. |last3 = Boroumand
  |first4     = Margaret W. |last4 = Pan
  |first5     = Christine M. |last5 = Simpson
  |first6     = James T. |last6 = Tanabe
  |first7     = Rosalinda M. |last7 = Villastrigo
  |first8     = Lesley L. |last8 = Yen
  |first9     = Richard P. |last9 = Ditteon
  |first10    = Donald P. |last10 = Pray
  |first11    = Robert D. |last11 = Stephens
  |date       = May 2008
  |title      = Rotation rates in the Koronis family, complete to H≈11.2
  |url        = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2008Icar..195..226S
  |journal    = Icarus
  |volume     = 195
  |issue      = 1
  |pages      = 226–276
  |bibcode    = 2008Icar..195..226S
  |doi        = 10.1016/j.icarus.2007.11.019
  |access-date= 28 November 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal
  |display-authors = 6
  |first1     = Peter |last1 = Veres
  |first2     = Robert |last2 = Jedicke
  |first3     = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons
  |first4     = Larry |last4 = Denneau
  |first5     = Mikael |last5 = Granvik
  |first6     = Bryce |last6 = Bolin
  |first7     = Serge |last7 = Chastel
  |first8     = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat
  |first9     = William S. |last9 = Burgett
  |first10    = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers
  |first11    = Heather |last11 = Flewelling
  |first12    = Nick |last12 = Kaiser
  |first13    = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier
  |first14    = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan
  |first15    = Paul A. |last15 = Price
  |first16    = John L. |last16 = Tonry
  |first17    = Christopher |last17 = Waters
  |date       = November 2015
  |title      = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results
  |url        = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V
  |journal    = Icarus
  |volume     = 261
  |pages      = 34–47
  |bibcode    = 2015Icar..261...34V
  |doi        = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007
  |arxiv      = 1506.00762
  |access-date= 28 November 2017}}</ref>

}} <!-- end of reflist -->

== External links ==
* [http://www.slas.us/gallery2/main.php?g2_itemId=1016 Animation of ''Zeelandia'' crossing near M96], Tyler Allred, Salt Lake Astronomical Society (2009)
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }})
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* {{AstDys|1336}}
* {{JPL small body}}

{{Small Solar System bodies}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Zeelandia}}
[[Category:Koronis asteroids|001336]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:S-type asteroids (Tholen)|001336]]
[[Category:S-type asteroids (SMASS)|001336]]

{{Sourceattribution|1336 Zeelandia}}