View source for Astronomy:Gustavianum

{{Infobox building
| name = Gustavianum
| image = GUSTAVIANUM 1.jpg
| image_size = 
| image_caption = Gustavianum in 2011
| map_type = 
| map_caption = 
| etymology = Named after Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
| architectural_style = 
| location = Uppsala, Sweden
| address = Akademigatan 3
| location_country = 
| coordinates = {{coord|59|51|28.6|N|17|37|54.1|E}}
| altitude = 
| current_tenants = Museum Gustavianum
| start_date = 1622
| inauguration_date = 1625
| client = [[Organization:Uppsala University|Uppsala University]]
| owner = Statens fastighetsverk
| architect = Caspar van Panten (original structure)<br/>Olaus Rudbeck (1662 expansion)
| known_for = 
| website = 
| references = 
}}
'''Gustavianum''' is the oldest standing building of [[Organization:Uppsala University|Uppsala University]]. It was built between 1622 and 1625, and was used as the main building of the university between 1778 and 1887. Since 1997, it has been used as the university's museum.

== History ==
During the 16th century, Uppsala University was in decline, and by the latter part of the century tutoring had stopped almost entirely. During Uppsala Synod in 1593, however, there was an official decision to re-open the university. Due to the increasing number of students, the medieval university building {{Interlanguage link|Academia Carolina|lt=Academia Carolina|sv|}} was no longer able to house the entire university; therefore, a second university structure became necessary.

Gustavianum was built between 1622 and 1625. The name ''Gustavianum'' comes from Gustavus Adolphus, who in the 1620s donated money for its construction. The building was designed by the Dutch architect {{Interlanguage link|Caspar van Panten|sv}} and contained lecture halls, printing halls and housing for gifted students without means. In 1662, the professor of medicine and [[History:Polymath|polymath]], Olaus Rudbeck, significantly expanded the building by adding another floor, as well as constructing the ''theatrum anatomicum'' within a large [[Engineering:Cupola|cupola]] on its roof.<ref name="HotB">Gustavianum. [http://www.gustavianum.uu.se/gustavianum-eng/the-history-of-the-building/ The History of the Building] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720105303/http://www.gustavianum.uu.se/gustavianum-eng/the-history-of-the-building/ |date=2019-07-20 }}. (Retrieved February 21, 2017.)</ref> The anatomical theatre is today the second-oldest remaining anatomical theatre in the world.

The anatomical theatre was used until the 1750s, when more modern anatomical facilities were inaugurated in the neighbouring building, Konsistoriehuset. The cupola was instead used as the [[Organization:Uppsala University Library|University Library]] until the construction of the current library Carolina Rediviva in 1841. The cupola was later used as a zoological museum. In 1955, the anatomical theatre was restored according Olaus Rudbeck's original design.<ref name="HotB"/>

During the 18th century, the building was renovated by the architect Carl Hårleman. After the demolition of Academia Carolina in 1778, Gustavianum became the main building of the university. It maintained this function until 1887, when [[Organization:University Hall (Uppsala University)|University Hall]] was inaugurated. Teaching from the institutions of architecture, antiquity and Egyptology continued in the building until 1997, when it was rebuilt into a museum.<ref name="HotB"/>

== Museum Gustavianum ==
{{Infobox museum
|name           = Museum Gustavianum
|image          = 
|alt            = 
|map_type       = 
|map_caption    = 
|coordinates    = 
|established    = {{Start date and age|June 17, 1997|df=yes}}
|location       = Akademigatan 3, Uppsala, Sweden
|visitors       = 82 539 (2016)<ref name="sverigesmuseer.se">Riksförbundet Sveriges museer (January 13, 2017). [http://www.sverigesmuseer.se/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/RSM_besoksunders-2016_rikspress.pdf ”Landets museer slog nytt besöksrekord 2016”.]  (Swedish) (Retrieved February 21, 2017)</ref>
|director       = Marika Hedin
|president     = 
|website        = {{url|http://www.gustavianum.uu.se/}}
}}
Museum Gustavianum was inaugurated by King Carl XVI Gustaf on 17 June 1997. As the university museum, all of the exhibited objects are part of the university's collection. In 2016, the museum attracted 82,539 visitors.<ref name="sverigesmuseer.se"/>

The museum has five permanent exhibitions:

* '''The Anatomical Theatre''', containing the theatre itself together with objects concerning Uppsala's medicinal history
* '''The Augsburg Art Cabinet''', a 17th-century [[Earth:Cabinet of curiosities|cabinet of curiosities]] containing approximately 1,000 different artifacts
* '''The Mediterranean Sea and the Gulf of the Nile''', containing objects from classical antiquity, most of them being excavated by Uppsala University archaeologists
* '''[[Organization:Uppsala University#History|Uppsala University history]]''' containing lecture note from the first semester of the university in 1477 and exhibitions concerning Uppsala scientists such as Carl von Linne, Anders Celsius and Nils von Rosenstein
* '''Valsgärde. The Vendel Period - The Viking Age''', containing objects excavated from the [[History:Grave field|burial field]] in Valsgärde, approximately {{Convert|7|km|mi}} north of Uppsala, which was used from the 6th to the 11th century.

== References ==
<references/>

== External links ==
* [http://www.gustavianum.uu.se/?languageId=1 Museum Gustavianum]


[[Category:Uppsala University]]

{{Sourceattribution|Gustavianum}}