View source for Astronomy:Newton (lunar crater)

{{Short description|Surface depression on the Moon}}
{{Infobox Lunar crater
| image       = Newton crater 4154 h2.jpg
| caption     = [[Astronomy:Lunar Orbiter 4|Lunar Orbiter 4]] image
| coordinates = {{coord|76.7|S|16.9|W|globe:moon_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| diameter    = 79 km
| depth       = 6.1 km
| colong      = 18
| eponym      = [[Biography:Isaac Newton|Isaac Newton]]
}}
[[File:Normal Newton-ClemLPOD.jpg|thumb|right|240px|[[Engineering:Clementine (spacecraft)|Clementine]] image]]
'''Newton''' is a [[Astronomy:Lunar craters|lunar]] [[Astronomy:Impact crater|impact crater]] located near the south limb of the [[Astronomy:Moon|Moon]]. It is south-southwest of the crater [[Astronomy:Moretus (crater)|Moretus]]. To the northeast is [[Astronomy:Short (crater)|Short]], and in the northwest are [[Astronomy:Casatus (crater)|Casatus]] and [[Astronomy:Klaproth (crater)|Klaproth]]. Because of its location, the crater appears highly oblong due to foreshortening. It is considered the deepest crater on the near side of the Moon.

The interior of Newton is a picture in contrasts. The southern end has been covered, possibly by [[Earth:Lava|lava]] flows or ejecta, leaving a relatively flat surface that is marked only by tiny craters and a slight [[Astronomy:Wrinkle ridge|wrinkle ridge]] down the middle. The northern half is rugged and irregular, with the satellite crater Newton D overlying the north-northeastern rim and extending across nearly half the crater diameter.

The rim in the south is relatively low and narrow, with the smaller crater Newton G partly overlain and flooded by lava. This adjacent crater forms a step up from the interior of Newton, and there is a tiny [[Astronomy:Rille|rille]] in the south floor of Newton where it appears as if a channel flowed down the side from Newton G. The other parts of the outer crater wall are much wider than in the south end, particularly in the areas adjacent to Newton D.

== Satellite craters ==

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Newton.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"
|-
! scope="col" | Newton
! scope="col" | Latitude
! scope="col" | Longitude
! scope="col" | Diameter
|-
! scope="row" | A
| 79.7° S
| 19.7° W
| 64&nbsp;km
|-
! scope="row" | B
| 81.1° S
| 15.4° W
| 44&nbsp;km
|-
! scope="row" | C
| 74.8° S
| 14.4° W
| 35&nbsp;km
|-
! scope="row" | D
| 75.9° S
| 14.8° W
| 37&nbsp;km
|-
! scope="row" | E
| 79.8° S
| 36.9° W
| 17&nbsp;km
|-
! scope="row" | F
| 72.2° S
| 16.1° W
| 7&nbsp;km
|-
! scope="row" | G
| 78.2° S
| 18.3° W
| 67&nbsp;km
|}

== References ==

* {{cite web
  | last = Wood
  | first = Chuck
  | date = 2005-08-06
  | title = Sliced in Half
  | publisher = Lunar Photo of the Day
  | url = http://www.lpod.org/?m=20060806
  | access-date = 2006-07-21
  }}

{{refbegin}}
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  | title = [[Organization:NASA|NASA]] Catalogue of Lunar Nomenclature
  | publisher = NASA RP-1097
  }}
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  }}
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  | url = https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780936389271
  }}
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  | access-date = 2007-10-24
  }}
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  | url = https://archive.org/details/patrickmooreonmo00patr
  }}
* {{cite book
  | first = Fred W.
  | last = Price
  | date = 1988
  | title = The Moon Observer's Handbook
  | publisher = Cambridge University Press
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  }}
* {{cite book
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  | first = Antonín
  | date = 1990
  | title = Atlas of the Moon
  | publisher = Kalmbach Books
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  | first = Rev. T. W.
  | date = 1962
  | title = Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes
  | edition = 6th revised
  | publisher = Dover
  | isbn = 978-0-486-20917-3
  | url = https://archive.org/details/celestialobjects00webb
  }}
* {{cite book
  | first = Ewen A.
  | last = Whitaker
  | date = 1999
  | title = Mapping and Naming the Moon
  | publisher = Cambridge University Press
  | isbn = 978-0-521-62248-6
  }}
* {{cite book
  | first = Peter T.
  | last = Wlasuk
  | date = 2000
  | title = Observing the Moon
  | publisher = Springer
  | isbn = 978-1-85233-193-1
  }}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Impact craters on the Moon]]

{{Sourceattribution|Newton (lunar crater)}}