View source for Biography:Horst Ludwig Störmer

{{Short description|German physicist}}
{{Infobox scientist
|name              = Horst Ludwig Störmer
|image             = Horst Störmer.jpg
|image_upright     = 
|caption           = Störmer in 1998
|birth_date        = {{Birth date and age|1949|4|6}}
|birth_place       = Frankfurt, Hesse, Allied-occupied Germany
|death_date        = 
|death_place       = 
|residence         = 
|citizenship       = 
|nationality       =  German
|ethnicity         = 
|field             = [[Physics:Physics|Physics]]
|work_institutions = [[Organization:Columbia University|Columbia University]]<br>[[Organization:Bell Labs|Bell Labs]]
|alma_mater        = [[Organization:University of Stuttgart|University of Stuttgart]]
                     [[Organization:Goethe University Frankfurt|Goethe University Frankfurt]]
|doctoral_advisor  = [[Biography:Hans-Joachim Queisser|Hans-Joachim Queisser]]
|doctoral_students = [[Biography:Jun Zhu (physicist)|Jun Zhu]]
|known_for         = [[Physics:Fractional quantum Hall effect|Fractional quantum Hall effect]]
|author_abbrev_bot = 
|author_abbrev_zoo = 
|influences        = 
|influenced        = 
|prizes            =  Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize (1984)<br>Nobel Prize in Physics (1998)<br>The Benjamin Franklin Medal (1998)
|religion          = 
|footnotes         = 
|signature         =
}}
	
'''Horst Ludwig Störmer''' ({{IPA-de|ˈhɔʁst ˈluːtvɪç ˈʃtœʁmɐ|-|De-Horst Ludwig Störmer.ogg}}; born April 6, 1949) is a German physicist, Nobel laureate and emeritus professor at [[Organization:Columbia University|Columbia University]].<ref name="columbia">[http://apam.columbia.edu/horst-stormer Home page at Columbia]</ref>
He was awarded the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Daniel Tsui and Robert Laughlin "for their discovery of a new form of [[Physics:Quantum fluid|quantum fluid]] with fractionally charged excitations" (the [[Physics:Fractional quantum Hall effect|fractional quantum Hall effect]]).<ref>{{Citation
|pmid= 17769353
|last1=Stormer
|last2=Tsui
|first2=DC
|publication-date=Jun 17, 1983
|year=1983
|title=The Quantized Hall Effect.
|volume=220
|issue=4603
|periodical=Science
|pages=1241–1246
|doi = 10.1126/science.220.4603.1241
|first1 = HL
|bibcode = 1983Sci...220.1241S |s2cid=17639748
}}</ref> He and Tsui were working at [[Organization:Bell Labs|Bell Labs]] at the time of the experiment cited by the Nobel committee.

==Biography==
Störmer was born in Frankfurt am Main, and grew up in the nearby town of Sprendlingen. After graduating from the Goetheschule in Neu-Isenburg in 1967, he enrolled in architectural engineering at the [[Organization:Technische Universität Darmstadt|TH Darmstadt]], but later moved to the [[Organization:Goethe University Frankfurt|Goethe University Frankfurt]] to study physics, but since he had missed the registration period for physics, he began with a mathematics and later changed to physics, qualifying for his Diploma in the laboratory of Werner Martienssen. Here he was supervised by Eckhardt Hoenig, and worked alongside another future Nobel laureate, [[Biography:Gerd Binnig|Gerd Binnig]].<ref name="nobelbio">{{Nobelprize}}</ref>

Störmer moved to France to carry out his PhD research in Grenoble, working in a high-magnetic field laboratory which was run jointly between the French CNRS and the German Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research.  Störmer's academic advisor was Hans-Joachim Queisser, and he was awarded a PhD by the [[Organization:University of Stuttgart|University of Stuttgart]] in 1977 for his thesis on investigations of electron hole droplets subject to high magnetic fields.  He also met his wife, Dominique Parchet, while working in Grenoble.<ref name="nobelbio" /> They divorced each other a few years later.

After receiving his PhD, Störmer moved to the US to work at [[Organization:Bell Labs|Bell Labs]], where he carried out the research that led to his Nobel prize.<ref name="nobelbio" /> After working at Bell Labs for 20 years, he became the I.I. Rabi professor of [[Physics:Physics|physics]] and [[Physics:Applied physics|applied physics]] at [[Organization:Columbia University|Columbia University]] in New York City. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2006.<ref>{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Horst+L.+Stormer&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|access-date=2021-05-21|website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> He retired as professor emeritus in 2011.<ref name="columbia" /><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Horst-Stormer |title = Horst L. Stormer &#124; Biography, Nobel Prize, & Facts}}</ref>

Störmer is a naturalized US citizen.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.nndb.com/people/075/000099775/ |title = Horst L. Störmer}}</ref>

==Research career==
Perhaps as important as the work for which he won the Nobel prize is his invention of [[Engineering:Modulation doping|modulation doping]], a method for making extremely high mobility two dimensional electron systems in semiconductors.  This enabled the later observation of the [[Physics:Fractional quantum Hall effect|fractional quantum Hall effect]], which was discovered by Störmer and Tsui in October 1981 in an experiment carried out in the Francis Bitter High Magnetic Field Lab at the [[Organization:Massachusetts Institute of Technology|Massachusetts Institute of Technology]].  Within a year of the experimental discovery, Robert Laughlin was able to explain its results.  Störmer, Tsui and Laughlin were jointly awarded the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work.<ref>[https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1998/press.html Nobel Prize press release]</ref>

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
* [http://www.patentgenius.com/inventor/StormerHorstL.html Horst L. Stormer Patents]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171121110032/http://www.honeywellscience.com/  Honeywell - Nobel Interactive Studio]
* {{Nobelprize}} including the Nobel Lecture, December 8, 1998 ''The Fractional Quantum Hall Effect''
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{{Nobel Prize in Physics Laureates 1976-2000}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Stormer, Horst Ludwig}}
[[Category:Nobel laureates in Physics]]
[[Category:American Nobel laureates]]

{{Sourceattribution|Horst Ludwig Störmer}}