View source for Biography:Ingrid Daubechies

{{Infobox scientist
|name              = Ingrid Daubechies
|image             = Ingrid Daubechies (2005).jpg
|image_size        = 
|caption           = Ingrid Daubechies in 2005
|birth_date        = {{Birth date and age|1954|8|17|df=y}}
|birth_place       = Houthalen-Helchteren, Belgium
|death_date        = 
|death_place       = 
|nationality       = 
|fields            = [[Biography:Mathematician|Mathematician]]<br>[[Physicist]]
|workplaces        = [[Organization:Duke University|Duke University]]<br>[[Organization:Princeton University|Princeton University]]
|alma_mater        = Vrije Universiteit Brussel
|doctoral_advisor  = Jean Reignier<br>[[Biography:Alex Grossmann|Alex Grossmann]]
|doctoral_students = Anna Gilbert<br>Rachel Ward
|known_for         = Wavelets
|awards            = {{no wrap|Noether Lecturer (2006)<br>NAS Award in Mathematics (2000)<br>Nemmers Prize in Mathematics (2012)<br>MacArthur Fellowship}}<br>BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award<br>Leroy P. Steele Prize (2011)
}}

'''Ingrid Daubechies''' ({{IPAc-en|d|oʊ|b|ə|ˈ|ʃ|iː}} {{respell|doh|bə|SHEE}};<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBlVKNYmcdM Ingrid Daubechies - 2016 – ICTP Math]<!--at 0:09--></ref> {{IPA-fr|dobʃi|lang}}; born 17 August 1954) is a Belgian [[Physicist|physicist]] and [[Biography:Mathematician|mathematician]]. Between 2004 and 2011 she was the William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor in the mathematics and applied mathematics departments at [[Organization:Princeton University|Princeton University]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.princeton.edu/dof/faculty/professorships/ |title=Endowed Professorships and Other Designated Chairs |publisher=[[Organization:Princeton University|Princeton University]] |accessdate=2011-09-11}}</ref> She taught at Princeton for 16 years.  In January 2011 she moved to [[Organization:Duke University|Duke University]] as a James B. Duke Professor of mathematics. 

Daubechies was the first woman to be president of the [[Organization:International Mathematical Union|International Mathematical Union]] (2011–2014).<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dukechronicle.com/article/2016/08/math-professor-ingrid-daubechies-awarded-1-5-million-grant|title=Math professor Ingrid Daubechies awarded $1.5 million grant|work=The Chronicle|access-date=2018-02-03}}</ref> She is best known for her work with [[Wavelet|wavelet]]s in [[Image compression|image compression]].

==Early life and education==
Daubechies was born in Houthalen, Belgium, as the daughter of Marcel Daubechies (a civil mining engineer) and Simonne Duran (then a homemaker, later a criminologist). She remembers that when she was a little girl and could not sleep, she did not count numbers, as you would expect from a child, but started to multiply numbers by two from memory. Thus, as a child, she already familiarized herself with the properties of [[Exponential growth|exponential growth]]. Her parents found out that mathematical conceptions, like [[Cone|cone]] and [[Tetrahedron|tetrahedron]], were familiar to her before she reached the age of 6. She excelled at the primary school, moved up a class after only 3 months. After completing the Lyceum in Hasselt<ref>Daubechies herself, quoted in ''Flanders Today'' #15, October 2014, available [http://www.flanderstoday.eu/innovation/flemish-professor-how-maths-can-change-world here]. Retrieved August 19, 2017.</ref> she entered the Vrije Universiteit Brussel at 17.<ref name=Canvas-Avdw>{{cite AV media |title=Alles voor de wetenschap: Aflevering 5: Ingrid Daubechies |trans-title=Everything for the science: Episode 5: Ingrid Daubechies |medium=Television production |language=Dutch |url=http://www.canvas.be/programmas/alles-voor-de-wetenschap/server1-12e79af5%3A12dbd4474d6%3A-6fc8 |date=2011-02-27 |time=21:40 |publisher=Canvas |location=Belgium |accessdate=2013-03-04 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302091400/http://www.canvas.be/programmas/alles-voor-de-wetenschap/server1-12e79af5:12dbd4474d6:-6fc8 |archivedate=2 March 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> 

Daubechies completed her undergraduate studies in physics at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel in 1975. During the next few years, she visited the CNRS Center for Theoretical Physics in Marseille several times, where she collaborated with [[Biography:Alex Grossmann|Alex Grossmann]]; this work was the basis for her [[Social:Doctorate|doctorate]] in [[Physics:Quantum mechanics|quantum mechanics]].<ref name="Canvas-Avdw" /> She obtained her Ph.D. in theoretical physics in 1980.{{cn|date=February 2018}} 

==Career==
Daubechies continued her research career at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel until 1987, rising through the ranks to positions roughly equivalent with research assistant-professor in 1981 and research associate-professor 1985, funded by a fellowship from the NFWO (Nationaal Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek).{{cn|date=February 2018}}

Daubechies spent most of 1986 as a guest-researcher at the [[Organization:Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences|Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences]]. At Courant she made her best-known discovery: based on [[Quadrature mirror filter|quadrature mirror filter]]-technology she constructed compactly supported continuous [[Wavelet|wavelet]]s that would require only a finite amount of processing, in this way enabling wavelet theory to enter the realm of [[Digital signal processing|digital signal processing]].{{cn|date=February 2018}}

In July 1987, Daubechies joined the Murray Hill [[Organization:Bell Labs|AT&T Bell Laboratories']] New Jersey facility. In 1988 she published the result in [[Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics]].<ref name=Canvas-Avdw/><ref>I. Daubechies, [http://www.math.duke.edu/~ingrid/publications/cpam41-1988.pdf ''Orthonormal bases of compactly supported wavelets''], Comm. Pure & Appl. Math., 41 (7), pp. 909-996, 1988.</ref>

From 1994 to 2010, Daubechies was a professor at [[Organization:Princeton University|Princeton University]], where she was active within the Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics. She was the first female full professor of mathematics at Princeton.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.auckland.ac.nz/en/about/news-events-and-notices/news/news-2015/09/art-detective-work-did-rembrandt-really-paint-that.html|title=Art detective work: did Rembrandt really paint that? - The University of Auckland|website=www.auckland.ac.nz|access-date=2018-02-03}}</ref> In January 2011 she moved to Duke University to serve as a professor of mathematics. She is currently{{when?|date=February 2018}} the James B. Duke professor in the department of mathematics and electrical and computer engineering at Duke University.<ref>https://ece.duke.edu/faculty/ingrid-daubechies</ref> In 2016, she and Heekyoung Hahn founded Duke Summer Workshop in Mathematics for female rising high school seniors.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://services.math.duke.edu/SWIM/SWIM2016/index.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2016-06-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160613034434/https://services.math.duke.edu/SWIM/SWIM2016/index.html |archivedate=13 June 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

The name Daubechies is widely associated with the orthogonal [[Daubechies wavelet]] and the biorthogonal CDF wavelet. A wavelet from this family of wavelets is now used in the [[JPEG 2000]] standard.
Her research involves the use of automatic methods from both mathematics, technology and biology to extract information from samples like bones and teeth.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.technicianonline.com/news/article_132e2434-845e-11e6-ab8a-5bc8777550ef.html|title=Duke professor integrates biology, mathematics|last=Correspondent|first=Frankie Grace Hall,|work=Technician|access-date=2018-02-03|language=en}}</ref> She also developed sophisticated image processing techniques used to help establish the authenticity and age of some of the world’s most famous works of art including paintings by Vincent van Gogh and Rembrandt.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.auckland.ac.nz/en/about/news-events-and-notices/news/news-2015/09/art-detective-work-did-rembrandt-really-paint-that.html|title=Art detective work: did Rembrandt really paint that? - The University of Auckland|website=www.auckland.ac.nz|access-date=2018-02-03}}</ref>

Daubechies is one of the world’s most cited mathematicians recognized for her study of the mathematical methods that enhance image-compression technology. She is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.{{cn|date=February 2018}}

==Awards and honors==
Daubechies received the Louis Empain Prize for Physics in 1984, awarded once every five years to a Belgian scientist on the basis of work done before the age of 29.{{cn|date=February 2018}} Between 1992 and 1997 she was a fellow of the MacArthur Foundation and in 1993 was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 1994 she received the American Mathematical Society Steele Prize for Exposition for her book ''Ten Lectures on Wavelets''{{cn|date=February 2018}} and was invited to give a plenary lecture at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Zurich. In 1997 she was awarded the AMS Ruth Lyttle Satter prize.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ams.org/profession/prizes-awards/pabrowse#year=1997|title=American Mathematical Society|website=www.ams.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-29}}</ref> In 1998, she was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences<ref>[http://www.nasonline.org/site/Dir/1753239219?pg=vprof&mbr=1001102&returl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasonline.org%2Fsite%2FDir%2F1753239219%3Fpg%3Dsrch%26view%3Dbasic&retmk=search_again_link Personal entry], United States National Academy of Sciences</ref> and won the Golden Jubilee Award for Technological Innovation from the [[Organization:IEEE Information Theory Society|IEEE Information Theory Society]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.itsoc.org/honors/golden-jubilee-awards-for-technological-innovation |title=Golden Jubilee Awards for Technological Innovation |publisher=[[Organization:IEEE Information Theory Society|IEEE Information Theory Society]] |accessdate=2011-07-14}}</ref>
She became a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1999.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=https://www.knaw.nl/en/members/foreign-members/4013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129220224/https://www.knaw.nl/en/members/foreign-members/4013 |title=Ingrid Daubechies |publisher=Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences |date= |archive-date=29 January 2016 |accessdate=29 January 2016}}</ref>

In 2000, Daubechies became the first woman to receive the National Academy of Sciences Award in Mathematics, presented every 4 years for excellence in published mathematical research. The award honored her "for fundamental discoveries on wavelets and wavelet expansions and for her role in making wavelets methods a practical basic tool of applied mathematics".<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jackson|first=Allyn|date=May 2000|title=Ingrid Daubechies Receives NAS Award in Mathematics|url=http://www.ams.org/notices/200005/comm-nas.pdf|journal=Notices of the AMS |volume=47 |pages=571 |via=American Mathematical Society|number=5}}</ref> She was awarded the Basic Research Award, German Eduard Rhein Foundation<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eduard-rhein-stiftung.de/html/Preistraeger_e.html |title=Award Winners (chronological) |publisher=Eduard Rhein Foundation |accessdate=2011-02-06 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718233021/http://www.eduard-rhein-stiftung.de/html/Preistraeger_e.html |archivedate=18 July 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eduard-rhein-stiftung.de/html/2000/G00_e.html |title=Basic Research Award 2000 - Prof. Dr. Dr.h.c. Ingrid Daubechies |publisher=Eduard Rhein Foundation |accessdate=2011-02-06 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718234059/http://www.eduard-rhein-stiftung.de/html/2000/G00_e.html |archivedate=18 July 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> and the NAS Award in Mathematics.<ref name=NASMath>{{cite web|title=NAS Award in Mathematics |url=http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_mathematics |publisher=National Academy of Sciences |accessdate=13 February 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229195210/http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_mathematics |archivedate=29 December 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

In January 2005, Daubechies became the third woman since 1924 to give the Josiah Willard Gibbs Lecture sponsored by the American Mathematical Society. Her talk was on "The Interplay Between Analysis and Algorithm".{{cn|date=February 2018}}

Daubechies was the 2006 Emmy Noether Lecturer at the San Antonio Joint Mathematics Meetings.<ref name="Noether_Lecturer">{{cite web|url=http://www.awm-math.org/noetherbrochure/TOC.html |title=The Emmy Noether Lectures |publisher=Association for Women in Mathematics |accessdate=2011-05-03}}</ref> In September 2006, the Pioneer Prize from the [[Organization:International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics|International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics]] was awarded jointly to Daubechies and Heinz Engl.{{cn|date=February 2018}}

In 2010 she was awarded an [[Social:Honorary degree|honorary doctorate]] by The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ntnu.edu/phd/honorary-doctors|title=Honorary Doctors|last=|first=|date=|website=www.ntnu.edu|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-08-30}}</ref>

In 2011, Daubechies was the SIAM John von Neumann Lecturer,<ref>{{cite web|title=Ingrid Daubechies of Duke University awarded the John von Neumann Lecture Prize at ICIAM 2011|url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-07/sfia-ido072811.php|website=EurekAlert|accessdate=26 April 2017|language=en|date=28 July 2011}}</ref> and was awarded the IEEE Jack S. Kilby Signal Processing Medal,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ieee.org/documents/kilby_rl.pdf |title=IEEE Jack S. Kilby Signal Processing Medal Recipients |publisher=IEEE |accessdate=2011-02-27}}</ref> the Leroy P. Steele Prize for Seminal Contribution to Research from the American Mathematical Society,<ref name="ams_notices_2011">{{cite journal|url=http://www.ams.org/notices/201104/rtx110400593p.pdf |title=2011 Steele Prizes |journal=[[Organization:Notices of the American Mathematical Society|Notices of the American Mathematical Society]] |volume=58 |issue=4 |pages=593–596 |date=April 2011 |accessdate=2011-09-29}}</ref> and the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Electrical Engineering from the Franklin Institute.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fi.edu/franklinawards/11/bf_elecengineer.html |title=Benjamin Franklin Medal in Electrical Engineering |year=2011 |publisher=Franklin Institute |accessdate=2011-12-23 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20120802094706/http://www.fi.edu/franklinawards/11/bf_elecengineer.html |archivedate=2 August 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

In 2012, King Albert II of Belgium granted Daubechies the title of Baroness.{{cn|date=February 2018}} She also won the 2012 Nemmers Prize in Mathematics, [[Organization:Northwestern University|Northwestern University]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nemmers.northwestern.edu/mathematics.html |title=The Frederic Esser Nemmers Prize in Mathematics |publisher=[[Organization:Northwestern University|Northwestern University]] |accessdate=2013-04-27}}</ref>
and the 2012 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in the Basic Sciences category (jointly with [[Biography:David Mumford|David Mumford]]).{{cn|date=February 2018}}

In 2015, Daubechies gave the Gauss Lecture of the German Mathematical Society.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.myscience.de/en/wire/gauss_vorlesung_an_der_schnittstelle_zwischen_kunst_und_mathematik-2015-uni-muenster|title=Gauß-Vorlesung: An der Schnittstelle zwischen Kunst und Mathematik|last=2018|first=Scimetrica, www.scimetrica.com - ©|website=www.myscience.de|language=en|access-date=2018-03-29}}</ref> The Simons Foundation, a private foundation based in New York City that funds research in mathematics and the basic sciences, gave Daubechies the Math + X Investigator award, which provides money to professors at American and Canadian universities to encourage new partnerships between mathematicians and researchers other fields of science.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dukechronicle.com/article/2016/08/math-professor-ingrid-daubechies-awarded-1-5-million-grant|title=Math professor Ingrid Daubechies awarded $1.5 million grant|work=The Chronicle|access-date=2018-02-03}}</ref> She was the one to suggest [[Biography:James Harris Simons|Simons]] that the foundation should fund not new research but better mechanisms for interpreting existing data.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/12/18/jim-simons-the-numbers-king|title=Jim Simons, the Numbers King|last=Max|first=D. T.|date=2017-12-11|work=The New Yorker|access-date=2018-02-03|language=en|issn=0028-792X}}</ref>

In 2018, Daubechies won the William Benter Prize in [[Applied mathematics|Applied Mathematics]] from City Universit<nowiki/>y of Hong Kong (CityU). She is the first female recipient of the award. Prize officials cited Professor Daubechies's pioneering work in [[Wavelet|wavelet]] theory and her "exceptional contributions to a wide spectrum of scientific and mathematical subjects...her work in enabling the mobile smartphone revolution is truly symbolic of the era."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www6.cityu.edu.hk/rcms/wbp/laureates_2018.html|title=Notable mathematician of our time awarded CityU’s William Benter Prize|last=Law|first=Emily|date=|website=City University of Hong Kong|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>

She is part of the 2019 class of fellows of the Association for Women in Mathematics.<ref>{{citation|url=https://sites.google.com/site/awmmath/awm-fellows|title=2019 Class of AWM Fellows|publisher=Association for Women in Mathematics|accessdate=2018-10-07}}</ref>

==Personal life==
In 1985, Daubechies met mathematician Robert Calderbank, then on a 3-month exchange visit from AT&T Bell Laboratories, New Jersey to the Brussels-based mathematics division of [[Company:Philips|Philips]] Research; they married in 1987.{{cn|date=February 2018}} They have two children, Michael and Carolyn Calderbank.{{cn|date=February 2018}}

==Publications==
* {{cite book|title=Ten Lectures on Wavelets|publisher=SIAM|location=Philadelphia|year=1992|isbn=0-89871-274-2}}<ref>{{cite journal|author=Meyer, Yves|title=Review: ''An introduction to wavelets'', by Charles K. Chui; ''Ten lectures on wavelets'', by Ingrid Daubechies|journal=Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. (N.S.)|year=1993|volume=28|issue=2|pages=350–360|url=http://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1993-28-02/S0273-0979-1993-00363-X/|doi=10.1090/S0273-0979-1993-00363-X}}</ref>

==Applications==
* [[Image compression]]
* [[Engineering:Digital cinema|Digital cinema]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}


==External links==
*{{MathGenealogy |id=44561}}
*I. Daubechies, [http://web.njit.edu/~akansu/s1.htm A Different Way to Look at Subband Coding], NJIT Symposium on Multi-Resolution Signal Decomposition Techniques: Wavelets, Subbands and Transforms, April 1990.
*[http://www.girlsangle.org/page/bulletin.html An Interview with Ingrid Daubechies] in the Girls' Angle Bulletin, volume 1, number 6 and volume 2, numbers 1 through 4.
*[http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/daub.htm "Ingrid Daubechies", Biographies of Women Mathematicians], [[Organization:Agnes Scott College|Agnes Scott College]]
*{{MacTutor Biography|id=Daubechies}}
*[http://fds.duke.edu/db/aas/math/faculty/ingrid Ingrid Daubechies' homepage] at Duke University
{{John von Neumann Lecturers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Daubechies, Ingrid}}
[[Category:20th-century mathematicians]]

{{Sourceattribution|Ingrid Daubechies|1}}