View source for Biology:2020 California Proposition 14

{{Short description|Citizen-initiated ballot measure}}
{{Infobox referendum
| name               = Proposition 14
| title              = Authorizes Bonds Continuing Stem Cell Research
| country = California
| location = {{wipe|California}}, United States
| date               = {{Start date|2020|11|03}}
| yes                = 8,588,156
| no                 = 8,221,692
| total              = 
| electorate         =  
| map                = 2020 California Proposition 14 results map by county.svg
| mapcaption =
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{{col-2}}
'''For'''
{{legend|#7D9CBB|60%–70% |border=1px #AAAAAA solid}}
{{legend|#B6C8D9|50%–60% |border=1px #AAAAAA solid}}
{{col-2}}
'''Against'''
{{legend|#8B8B54|70%–80% |border=1px #AAAAAA solid}}
{{legend|#BCBC83|60%–70% |border=1px #AAAAAA solid}}
{{legend|#DEDEBD|50%–60% |border=1px #AAAAAA solid}}
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| mapdivision        =
| notes              = 
}}
'''California Proposition 14''' is a citizen-initiated ballot measure that appeared on the ballot in the 2020 California elections, for November 3, 2020. It authorizes state bonds to be issued worth $5.5 billion, which will fund the [[Organization:California Institute for Regenerative Medicine|California Institute for Regenerative Medicine]] (CIRM), which serves as the state's center for stem cell research, and enable it to continue its operations.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=California gears up for blockbuster year of ballot measures|url=https://politico.com/interactives/2020/california-november-ballot/|access-date=2020-07-26|website=politico.com|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=California Proposition 14, Stem Cell Research Institute Bond Initiative (2020)|url=https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_14,_Stem_Cell_Research_Institute_Bond_Initiative_(2020)|access-date=2020-07-26|website=Ballotpedia|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Colliver|first=Victoria|title=California stem cell initiative qualifies for the November ballot|url=https://politi.co/2Yp38Ld|access-date=2020-07-26|website=Politico PRO|language=en}}</ref> This measure passed with 51% of the vote.<ref name=":1" />

== Background ==
[[File:Human_embryonic_stem_cell_colony_phase.jpg|left|256x256px]]
[[Biography:Robert N. Klein II|Robert N. Klein II]], motivated by the suffering of family members from autoimmune diseases, launched a citizen initiative known as [[Biology:2004 California Proposition 71|Proposition 71]] in 2004, which created a state-funded center for stem cell research - the [[Organization:California Institute for Regenerative Medicine|California Institute for Regenerative Medicine]] (CIRM).<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2020-07-13|title=2020 Proposition 14: Will California Continue Stem Cell Research?|url=https://wordsanddeedsblog.com/2020-proposition-14-will-california-continue-stem-cell-research/|access-date=2020-07-26|website=Words & Deeds|language=en-US}}</ref> Based in San Francisco, the CIRM is responsible for with making grants and loans to stem cell research initiatives focused on developing treatment methods and completing research for clinical trials.<ref>Ballotpedia, "California Proposition 14, Stem Cell Research Institute Bond Initiative (2020)," https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_14,_Stem_Cell_Research_Institute_Bond_Initiative_(2020).</ref> Proposition 71 was approved by 59% of California voters and authorized $3 billion in bonds to fund the CIRM in addition to creating a Governing Board of 29 members as an Independent Citizens' Oversight Committee (ICOC).<ref>{{Cite web|last=aholden|date=2015-02-27|title=History|url=https://www.cirm.ca.gov/about-cirm/history|access-date=2020-09-04|website=California's Stem Cell Agency|language=en}}</ref> By 2020, $2.75 billion of the original $3 billion has been used or earmarked for funding of basic research, infrastructure, education, and clinical translational studies.<ref>{{Cite web|title=California's stem cell bet: Lofty promises, limited results|url=https://projects.sfchronicle.com/2018/stem-cells/politics/|access-date=2020-09-04|website=The San Francisco Chronicle}}</ref> For this reason, Klein spearheaded this initiative to authorize an additional $5.5 billion in bonds for the CIRM to support additional grants and operations under Proposition 14.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Trefny|first=Ben|title=California Proposition 14: Stem Cell Research Bond|url=https://www.kalw.org/post/california-proposition-14-stem-cell-research-bond|access-date=2020-07-26|website=www.kalw.org|date=21 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref> Research areas of focus at CIRM include stem cell based research to mitigate or cure serious illness and chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, kidney disease, respiratory illnesses including [[Medicine:COVID-19|COVID-19]], [[Medicine:Diabetes|diabetes]], [[Medicine:Cancer|cancer]], [[Biology:HIV|HIV]]/AIDs, [[Engineering:Paralysis|paralysis]], [[Medicine:Visual impairment|blindness]], and more. A dedicated $1.5 billion under funding from Proposition 14 will be dedicated to research of diseases specific to the central nervous system and brain, including cancer, [[Medicine:Autism|autism]], [[Medicine:Dementia|dementia]], [[Medicine:Parkinson's disease|Parkinson's]] and [[Medicine:Alzheimer's disease|Alzheimers' disease]].<ref>{{Cite report|url=https://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/19-0022A1%20%28%28Stem%20Cell%20Research%29%29_0.pdf|title=The California Stem Cell Research, Treatments, and Cures Initiative of 2020|date=November 2019}}</ref>

Changes to the CIRM program and governance proposed in Proposition 14 include increased focus in improving patient access to stem cell treatments by expanding sites and facilities for human trials, the requirement for income earned from CIRM agreements to reduce the cost of stem cell treatments for patients, increase the ICOC from 29 members to 35 members, and to hire 15 full-time employees whose roles are dedicated to improving patient access to stem cell-derived therapeutics and treatments.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Stem cell research. [Ballot]|url=https://lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Initiative/2019-022|access-date=2020-09-04|website=lao.ca.gov}}</ref> Further, proposition 14 stipulates $1.5 billion to be spent researching brain and nervous system diseases, including dementia and Parkinson's disease.<ref name="roseinstitute.org">{{Cite web|title=Proposition 14: Stem Cell Research Bond {{!}} The Rose Institute of State and Local Government|url=http://roseinstitute.org/proposition-14-stem-cell-research-bond/#_ftn3|access-date=2020-11-08|website=roseinstitute.org}}</ref>  Estimated fiscal impact of Proposition 14 would include the initial $5.5 billion in bonds and $2.5 billion in interest, for an overall annual debt payment of $310 million over 25 years.<ref name=":5" /> Proposition 14 appropriates money from the general fund in order to fully pay the bond debt service.<ref name="roseinstitute.org"/>

== Support ==
In addition to Klein, this measure is supported by the Regents of the University of California.<ref name=":1" /> It was also endorsed by governor Gavin Newsom and ''The Modesto Bee''.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-12|title=Newsom endorses California's $5.5 billion stem cell measure|url=https://capitolweekly.net/newsom-endorses-californias-5-5-billion-stem-cell-measure/|access-date=2020-09-22|website=Capitol Weekly|language=en-US}}</ref>

Proponents argue that biomedical research is crucial, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Accelerating COVID-19 Vaccine Development - Yes on Prop 14|url=https://caforcures.com/covid-19/|access-date=2020-07-26|website=Californians for Stem Cell Research, Treatments & Cures|language=en-US}}</ref> Proponents of Proposition 14 have raised more than $13.4 million in campaign funds.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|last=Cowan|first=Jill|date=2020-10-15|title=What Proposition 14 Tells Us About California|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/15/us/california-prop-14.html|access-date=2020-10-17|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

== Opposition ==
As with Proposition 71, opposition to Proposition 14<ref>{{Cite web|title=November 3, 2020 California Ballot Proposition Endorsements|url=https://www.californiachoices.org/sites/default/files/endorsements_pdf/2020-statewide-endorsements-ca-choices-10.8.20_0.pdfaccess-date=2020-10-08}}{{Dead link|date=January 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> includes many across the political spectrum including the Bakersfield Californian, California Nurses Association, California Catholic Conference,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Holman|first=Jim|date=2020-08-24|title=Calif. bishops say no to Prop. 14 on November ballot|url=https://cal-catholic.com/calif-bishops-says-no-to-prop-14-on-november-ballot/|access-date=2020-10-20|website=California Catholic Daily|language=en-US}}</ref> California Republican Party, Center for Genetics and Society,<ref name=":2" /> Friends Committee on Legislation of California, Green Party of California, Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association, Libertarian Party of California, ''{{wipe|Los Angeles Times}}'', Orange County Register, Peace and Freedom Party, Right to Life of Central California,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gerardi|first=John|date=13 July 2020|title=Prop 14: Vote No|url=https://righttolifeca.org/proposition-14-vote-no/|access-date=2020-07-26|website=righttolifeca.org}}</ref> San Bernardino Sun, San Francisco Chronicle, San Jose Mercury News, Scholl Institute of Bioethics, and CIRM board member Jeff Sheehy.

However, there was no significant organized opposition to Proposition 14, and the "No on Proposition 14" committee raised only $250.<ref name=":6" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Stem cell research]]

{{Sourceattribution|2020 California Proposition 14}}