View source for Biology:2020 in paleomammalogy

This [[Biology:Mammalogy|paleomammalogy]] list records new  [[Biology:Fossil|fossil]] [[Biology:Mammal|mammal]] taxa that were [[Biology:Binomial nomenclature|described]] during the year 2020, as well as notes other significant paleomammalogy discoveries and events which occurred during the year.

==Afrotherians==
===Proboscidea===
====Proboscidea research====
* A study on dietary differences among [[Earth:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]] [[Biology:Proboscidea|proboscidea]]ns in North America, and their implications for the knowledge of the causes of extinction of ''[[Biology:Cuvieronius|Cuvieronius]]'', is published by Smith & DeSantis (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Gregory James Smith |author2=Larisa R. G. DeSantis |year=2020 |title=Extinction of North American ''Cuvieronius'' (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) driven by dietary resource competition with sympatric mammoths and mastodons |journal=Paleobiology |volume=46 |issue=1 |pages=41–57 |doi=10.1017/pab.2020.7 |bibcode=2020Pbio...46...41S |s2cid=212725861 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Evidence of dietary resource partitioning among three proboscidean taxa from the early Pliocene locality of Langebaanweg in {{wipe|South Africa}} (''Anancus capensis'', ''[[Biology:Mammuthus subplanifrons|Mammuthus subplanifrons]]'' and ''[[Biology:Loxodonta cookei|Loxodonta cookei]]'') is presented by Groenewald ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Patricia A. Groenewald |author2=Judith Sealy |author3=Deano Stynder |author4=Kathlyn M. Smith |year=2020 |title=Dietary resource partitioning among three coeval proboscidean taxa (''Anancus capensis'', ''Mammuthus subplanifrons'', ''Loxodonta cookei'') from the South African Early Pliocene locality of Langebaanweg E Quarry |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=543 |pages=Article 109606 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109606 |bibcode=2020PPP...54309606G |s2cid=213999549 }}</ref>
* A study on the morphology of teeth and mandible of ''"Serridentinus" gobiensis'' and ''Miomastodon tongxinensis'', as well as on the phylogenetic affinities of these taxa, is published by Wang, Zhang & Li (2020), who reestablish ''Miomastodon'' as a genus distinct from ''[[Biology:Zygolophodon|Zygolophodon]]'', and transfer ''S. gobiensis'' to the genus ''Miomastodon''.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Shi-Qi Wang |author2=Xiao-Xiao Zhang |author3=Chun-Xiao Li |year=2020 |title=Reappraisal of ''Serridentinus gobiensis'' Osborn & Granger and ''Miomastodon tongxinensis'' Chen: the validity of ''Miomastodon'' |journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica |volume=58 |issue=2 |pages=134–158 |doi=10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.200310 |doi-broken-date=2024-02-01 }}</ref> update headers and lead
* A study on the [[Biology:Phylogeography|phylogeography]] of the American [[Biology:Mastodon|mastodon]], based on data from 35 complete mitochondrial genomes, is published by Karpinski ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Emil Karpinski |author2=Dirk Hackenberger |author3=Grant Zazula |author4=Chris Widga |author5=Ana T. Duggan |author6=G. Brian Golding |author7=Melanie Kuch |author8=Jennifer Klunk |author9=Christopher N. Jass |author10=Pam Groves |author11=Patrick Druckenmiller |author12=Blaine W. Schubert |author13=Joaquin Arroyo-Cabrales |author14=William F. Simpson |author15=John W. Hoganson |author16=Daniel C. Fisher |author17=Simon Y. W. Ho |author18=Ross D. E. MacPhee |author19=Hendrik N. Poinar |year=2020 |title=American mastodon mitochondrial genomes suggest multiple dispersal events in response to Pleistocene climate oscillations |journal=Nature Communications |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 4048 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17893-z |pmid=32873779 |pmc=7463256 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.4048K }}</ref>

===Sirenia===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name
! Novelty
! Status
! Authors
! Age
! Type locality
! Country
! Notes
! Images
|-
|
''[[Biology:Trichechus hesperamazonicus|Trichechus hesperamazonicus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Fernando A. Perini |author2=Ednair Rodrigues Nascimento |author3=Mario Alberto Cozzuol |year=2020 |title=A new species of ''Trichechus'' Linnaeus, 1758 (Sirenia, Trichechidae), from the upper Pleistocene of southwestern Amazonia, and the evolution of Amazonian manatees |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=5 |pages=e1697882 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1697882 |bibcode=2019JVPal..39E7882P |s2cid=212816367 }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Perini, Nascimento & Cozzuol
|
Late [[Earth:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]]
|
|
{{Flag|Brazil}}
|
A [[Biology:Manatee|manatee]].
|
|-
|}

====Sirenian research====
*The hindlimbs of the quadrupedal sirenian ''Sobrarbesiren cardieli'' from the Eocene of Northeastern Spain are described in detail with suggestions on the aquatic locomotion of the species.<ref name="hindlimbs2020">{{cite journal |last1=Díaz-Berenguer |first1=E. |last2=Houssaye |first2=A. |last3=Badiola |first3=A. |last4=Canudo |first4=J. |year=2020 |title=The hind limbs of ''Sobrarbesiren cardieli'' (Eocene, Northeastern Spain) and new insights into the locomotion capabilities of the quadrupedal sirenians |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=649–675 |doi=10.1007/s10914-019-09482-9 |s2cid=201838854 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02351001}}</ref>
*Review of the Miocene sirenian fossil record from Sardinia is published by Carone & Rizzo, with referral of specimens to ''[[Biology:Metaxytherium|Metaxytherium]]'' cf. ''M. krahuletzi'', and reaffirmation of ''"Metaxytherium lovisati"'' as nomen dubium.<ref name="Sardiania2020">{{cite journal |last1=Carone |first1=G. |last2=Rizzo |first2=R. |year=2020 |title=A new record of fossil sirenians from the Miocene of Sardinia (Italy). |journal=Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=113–124 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343163693}}</ref>

===Other afrotherians===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name
! Novelty
! Status
! Authors
! Age
! Type locality
! Country
! Notes
! Images
|-
| 
''Stylolophus major''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Emmanuel Gheerbrant |author2=Fatima Khaldoune |author3=Arnaud Schmitt |author4=Rodolphe Tabuce |year=2020 |title=Earliest embrithopod mammals (Afrotheria, Tethytheria) from the early Eocene of Morocco: anatomy, systematics and phylogenetic significance |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=245–283 |doi=10.1007/s10914-020-09509-6 |s2cid=221235223 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03004226/file/Gheerbrant%20et%20al%20Stylolophus%20accepted%20JME%20light.pdf }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Gheerbrant ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]] ([[Earth:Ypresian|Ypresian]])
|
Ouled Abdoun
|
{{Flag|Morocco}}
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An early member of [[Biology:Embrithopoda|Embrithopoda]]. Announced in 2020; the final article version was published in 2021.
| 
|-
|}

====Miscellaneous afrotherian research====
* A study on the anatomy of the petrosal and inner ear of ''[[Biology:Ocepeia|Ocepeia]] daouiensis'' is published by Gheerbrant, Schmitt & Billet (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Emmanuel Gheerbrant |author2=Arnaud Schmitt |author3=Guillaume Billet |year=2020 |title=Petrosal and bony labyrinth morphology of the stem paenungulate mammal (Paenungulatomorpha) ''Ocepeia daouiensis'' from the Paleocene of Morocco |journal=Journal of Anatomy |volume=240 |issue=4 |pages=595–611 |doi=10.1111/joa.13255 |pmid=32735727 |pmc=8930808 |s2cid=220907872 |url=https://hal-mnhn.archives-ouvertes.fr/mnhn-02626224/file/JANAT-2019-0512.R2_Proof_hi.pdf |pmc-embargo-date=April 1, 2024 }}</ref>

==Euarchontoglires==
===Primates===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name
! Novelty
! Status
! Authors
! Age
! Type locality
! Country
! Notes
! Images
|-
| ''Fanchangia''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Terry Harrison |author2=Yingqi Zhang |author3=Guangbiao Wei |author4=Chengkai Sun |author5=Yuan Wang |author6=Jinyi Liu |author7=Haowen Tong |author8=Baiting Huang |author9=Fan Xu |year=2020 |title=A new genus of pliopithecoid from the late Early Miocene of China and its implications for understanding the paleozoogeography of the Pliopithecoidea |journal=Journal of Human Evolution |volume=145 |pages=Article 102838 |doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102838 |pmid=32659499 |s2cid=220522230 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Harrison ''et al.''
| Early Miocene
|
| {{Flag|China}}
| A member of [[Biology:Pliopithecoidea|Pliopithecoidea]]. Genus includes new species ''F. jini''.
|
|-
|
''[[Biology:Kapi ramnagarensis|Kapi]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Christopher C. Gilbert |author2=Alejandra Ortiz |author3=Kelsey D. Pugh |author4=Christopher J. Campisano |author5=Biren A. Patel |author6=Ningthoujam Premjit Singh |author7=John G. Fleagle |author8=Rajeev Patnaik |year=2020 |title=New Middle Miocene Ape (Primates: Hylobatidae) from Ramnagar, India fills major gaps in the hominoid fossil record |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=287 |issue=1934 |pages=Article ID 20201655 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2020.1655 |pmid=32900315 |pmc=7542791 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Gilbert ''et al.''
|
Miocene
|
|
{{Flag|India}}
|
A [[Biology:Catarrhini|catarrhine]] of uncertain affinities; originally identified as a [[Biology:Gibbon|gibbon]], but subsequently argued to be a [[Biology:Pliopithecoidea|pliopithecoid]].<ref>{{Cite journal |author1=Xueping Ji |author2=Terry Harrison |author3=Yingqi Zhang |author4=Yun Wu |author5=Chunxia Zhang |author6=Jinming Hu |author7=Dongdong Wu |author8=Yemao Hou |author9=Song Li |author10=Guofu Wang |author11=Zhenzhen Wang |title=The earliest hylobatid from the Late Miocene of China |year=2022 |journal=Journal of Human Evolution |volume=171 |at=103251 |doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2022.103251 |pmid=36113226 |s2cid=252243877 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Genus includes new species ''K. ramnagarensis''.
|
|-
| ''Nesomomys''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=K. Christopher Beard |author2=Grégoire Métais |author3=Faruk Ocakoğlu |author4=Alexis Licht |year=2020 |title=An omomyid primate from the Pontide microcontinent of north-central Anatolia: Implications for sweepstakes dispersal of terrestrial mammals during the Eocene |journal=Geobios |volume=66–67 |pages=143–152 |doi=10.1016/j.geobios.2020.06.008 |s2cid=225376430 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03455623/file/pre-proof%20_%20beard%20et%20al%202020.pdf }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Beard ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]] ([[Earth:Lutetian|Lutetian]])
| Uzunçarşidere
| {{Flag|Turkey}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Omomyidae|Omomyidae]]. Genus includes new species ''N. bunodens''. Announced in 2020; the final version of the article naming was published in 2021.
|
|-
|
''Ucayalipithecus''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Erik R. Seiffert |author2=Marcelo F. Tejedor |author3=John G. Fleagle |author4=Nelson M. Novo |author5=Fanny M. Cornejo |author6=Mariano Bond |author7=Dorien de Vries |author8=Kenneth E. Campbell Jr. |year=2020 |title=A parapithecid stem anthropoid of African origin in the Paleogene of South America |journal=Science |volume=368 |issue=6487 |pages=194–197 |doi=10.1126/science.aba1135 |pmid=32273470 |bibcode=2020Sci...368..194S |s2cid=215550773 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Seiffert ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Paleogene|Paleogene]]
|
Santa Rosa locality
|
{{Flag|Peru}}
|
A member of the family [[Biology:Parapithecidae|Parapithecidae]]. Genus includes new species ''U. perdita''.
|
|-
|}

====General primate research====
* A study aiming to determine whether the relationship between primate brain size and brain shape is characterized by [[Biology:Allometry|allometry]], and whether any such relationship may reflect shared macroevolutionary trends in primate brain shape, based on data from extant and four fossil primates (''[[Biology:Homo heidelbergensis|Homo heidelbergensis]]'', ''[[Biology:Australopithecus africanus|Australopithecus africanus]]'', ''[[Biology:Hispaniola monkey|Antillothrix bernensis]]'' and ''[[Biology:Archaeolemur|Archaeolemur]]'' sp.), is published by Sansalone ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=G. Sansalone |author2=K. Allen |author3=J. A. Ledogar |author4=S. Ledogar |author5=D. R. Mitchell |author6=A. Profico |author7=S. Castiglione |author8=M. Melchionna |author9=C. Serio |author10=A. Mondanaro |author11=P. Raia |author12=S. Wroe |year=2020 |title=Variation in the strength of allometry drives rates of evolution in primate brain shape |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=287 |issue=1930 |pages=Article ID 20200807 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2020.0807 |pmid=32635870 |pmc=7423483 |s2cid=220383897 }}</ref>
* Marigó ''et al.'' (2020) describe [[Biology:Navicular bone|navicular bone]]s of ''[[Biology:Anchomomys|Anchomomys]] frontanyensis'' from the [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]] fossil site of Sant Jaume de Frontanyà-3C (Barcelona, Spain), representing first known navicular bones of an Eocene euprimate from Europe, and evaluate the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of early patterns of locomotor evolution in primates.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Judit Marigó |author2=Raef Minwer-Barakat |author3=Salvador Moyà-Solà |author4=Doug M. Boyer |year=2020 |title=First navicular remains of a European adapiform (''Anchomomys frontanyensis'') from the Middle Eocene of the Eastern Pyrenees (Catalonia, Spain): implications for early primate locomotor behavior and navicular evolution |journal=Journal of Human Evolution |volume=139 |pages=Article 102708 |doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.102708 |pmid=31972428 |s2cid=210881958 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study evaluating the potential impact of a large-scale mid-Cenozoic extinction and diversification event on lemurs from {{wipe|Madagascar}}, based on comparison of the terrestrial vertebrate fauna of Madagascar in the Holocene to that of early Cenozoic continental Africa and on phylogenetic modeling, is published by [[Biography:Laurie Godfrey|Godfrey]] ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Laurie R. Godfrey |author2=Karen E. Samonds |author3=Justin W. Baldwin |author4=Michael R. Sutherland |author5=Jason M. Kamilar |author6=Kristen L. Allfisher |year=2020 |title=Mid-Cenozoic climate change, extinction, and faunal turnover in Madagascar, and their bearing on the evolution of lemurs |journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=97 |doi=10.1186/s12862-020-01628-1 |pmid=32770933 |pmc=7414565 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2020BMCEE..20...97G }}</ref>
* Virtual [[Biology:Endocast|endocast]] of a specimen of ''[[Biology:Necrolemur|Necrolemur]] antiquus'' is presented by Harrington, Yapuncich & Boyer (2020), who compare the endocast morphology of ''N. antiquus'' with those of other Eocene primates.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Arianna Harrington |author2=Gabriel Yapuncich |author3=Doug Boyer |year=2020 |title=The digital endocast of ''Necrolemur antiquus'' |journal=Palæovertebrata |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=e1 |doi=10.18563/pv.43.2.e1 |s2cid=225467071 }}</ref>
* New fossil material of ''[[Biology:Ganlea|Ganlea]] megacanina'' is described by Jaeger ''et al.'' (2020), who evaluate the implications of this finding for the knowledge of the phylogenetic relationships of [[Biology:Amphipithecidae|amphipithecine primates]], and interpret amphipithecines as [[Biology:Crown group#Stem groups|stem]] [[Biology:Simian|anthropoids]].<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=J.-J. Jaeger |author2=C. Sein |author3=D. L. Gebo |author4=Y. Chaimanee |author5=M. T. Nyein |author6=T. Z. Oo |author7=M. M. Aung |author8=K. Suraprasit |author9=M. Rugbumrung |author10=V. Lazzari |author11=A. N. Soe |author12=O. Chavasseau |year=2020 |title=Amphipithecine primates are stem anthropoids: cranial and postcranial evidence |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=287 |issue=1938 |pages=Article ID 20202129 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2020.2129 |pmid=33171091 |pmc=7735260 |s2cid=226291136 }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the [[Biology:Talus bone|talus]] of ''[[Biology:Paralouatta|Paralouatta]] marianae'' and ''P. varonai'', evaluating its implications for the knowledge of the locomotor behaviors of these primate (especially for the knowledge whether or not ''Paralouatta'' represents the first known semi-terrestrial platyrrhine), is published by Püschel ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Thomas A. Püschel |author2=Jordi Marcé-Nogué |author3=Justin Gladman |author4=Biren A. Patel |author5=Sergio Almécija |author6=William I. Sellers |year=2020 |title=Getting its feet on the ground: elucidating ''Paralouatta''{{'}}s semi-terrestriality using the virtual morpho-functional toolbox |journal=Frontiers in Earth Science |volume=8 |pages=Article 79 |doi=10.3389/feart.2020.00079 |bibcode=2020FrEaS...8...79P |s2cid=214624896 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* New specimens of ''[[Biology:Mesopithecus|Mesopithecus]] pentelicus'', representing the easternmost occurrence of this genus to date, are described from the Miocene site of Shuitangba (Yunnan, China) by Jablonski ''et al.'' (2020), who evaluate the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of primate dispersals and paleoecology in the late Miocene.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Nina G. Jablonski |author2=Xueping Ji |author3=Jay Kelley |author4=Lawrence J. Flynn |author5=Chenglong Deng |author6=Denise F. Su |year=2020 |title=''Mesopithecus pentelicus'' from Zhaotong, China, the easternmost representative of a widespread Miocene cercopithecoid species |journal=Journal of Human Evolution |volume=146 |pages=Article 102851 |doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102851 |pmid=32771770 |s2cid=221092899 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the evolution of the [[Biology:Vestibular system|vestibular apparatus]] in [[Biology:Ape|hominoids]] and on the utility of the study of the inner ear morphology for reconstructions of phylogenetic relationships of fossil apes, based on data from extant [[Biology:Simian|anthropoids]] and two fossil taxa (''[[Biology:Oreopithecus|Oreopithecus]]'' and ''[[Biology:Australopithecus|Australopithecus]]''), is published by Urciuoli ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alessandro Urciuoli |author2=Clément Zanolli |author3=Amélie Beaudet |author4=Jean Dumoncel |author5=Frédéric Santos |author6=Salvador Moyà-Solà |author7=David M. Alba |year=2020 |title=The evolution of the vestibular apparatus in apes and humans |journal=eLife |volume=9 |pages=e51261 |doi=10.7554/eLife.51261 |pmid=32122463 |pmc=7054002 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the biomechanical performance of the [[Biology:Patella|patella]] of ''[[Biology:Pierolapithecus|Pierolapithecus]] catalaunicus'' is published by Pina ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Marta Pina |author2=Daniel DeMiguel |author3=Francesc Puigvert |author4=Jordi Marcé-Nogué |author5=Salvador Moyà-Solà |year=2020 |title=Knee function through finite element analysis and the role of Miocene hominoids in our understanding of the origin of antipronograde behaviours: the ''Pierolapithecus catalaunicus'' patella as a case study |journal=Palaeontology |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–475 |doi=10.1111/pala.12466 |bibcode=2020Palgy..63..459P |s2cid=214461121 |url=https://openresearch.lsbu.ac.uk/download/faf912f8d60c480a4473468ff68a18a42d3fda48e6f94e28cae7fdaabaa89e9c/939937/Postprint-Pina%20et%20al%202020.pdf }}</ref>
* A study reevaluating the anatomical evidence for bipedalism in ''[[Biology:Danuvius guggenmosi|Danuvius guggenmosi]]'' is published by Williams ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Scott A. Williams |author2=Thomas C. Prang |author3=Marc R. Meyer |author4=Gabrielle A. Russo |author5=Liza J. Shapiro |year=2020 |title=Reevaluating bipedalism in ''Danuvius'' |journal=Nature |volume=586 |issue=7827 |pages=E1–E3 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2736-4 |pmid=32999479 |bibcode=2020Natur.586E...1W |s2cid=222146537 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Madelaine Böhme |author2=Nikolai Spassov |author3=Jeremy M. DeSilva |author4=David R. Begun |year=2020 |title=Reply to: Reevaluating bipedalism in ''Danuvius'' |journal=Nature |volume=586 |issue=7827 |pages=E4–E5 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2737-3 |pmid=32999478 |bibcode=2020Natur.586E...4B |s2cid=222156516 }}</ref>
* A study on the ecology of fossil hominins and co-existing primates in the [[Biology:Turkana Basin|Turkana Basin]] area (circa 4 to 2 [[Year#SI prefix multipliers|Ma]]), based on data from [[Biology:Tooth enamel|tooth enamel]] stable calcium isotope values, is published by Martin ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jeremy E. Martin |author2=Théo Tacail |author3=José Braga |author4=Thure E. Cerling |author5=Vincent Balter |year=2020 |title=Calcium isotopic ecology of Turkana Basin hominins |journal=Nature Communications |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 3587 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17427-7 |pmid=32681008 |pmc=7367883 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3587M }}</ref>

====Paleoanthropological research====
* A study on the impact caused by hard plant tissues in contact with [[Biology:Tooth enamel|tooth enamel]] is published by van Casteren ''et al.'' (2020), who evaluate the implications of their findings for the knowledge of the diet of early hominins.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Adam van Casteren |author2=David S. Strait |author3=Michael V. Swain |author4=Shaji Michael |author5=Lidia A. Thai |author6=Swapna M. Philip |author7=Sreeja Saji |author8=Khaled Al-Fadhalah |author9=Abdulwahab S. Almusallam |author10=Ali Shekeban |author11=W. Scott McGraw |author12=Erin E. Kane |author13=Barth W. Wright |author14=Peter W. Lucas |year=2020 |title=Hard plant tissues do not contribute meaningfully to dental microwear: evolutionary implications |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 582 |doi=10.1038/s41598-019-57403-w |pmid=31953510 |pmc=6969033 |bibcode=2020NatSR..10..582V }}</ref>
* A study on the mandible morphology, chewing biomechanics and probable diet of early hominins is published by Marcé-Nogué ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jordi Marcé-Nogué |author2=Thomas A. Püschel |author3=Alexander Daasch |author4=Thomas M. Kaiser |year=2020 |title=Broad-scale morpho-functional traits of the mandible suggest no hard food adaptation in the hominin lineage |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 6793 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-63739-5 |pmid=32322020 |pmc=7176708 |bibcode=2020NatSR..10.6793M }}</ref>
* A study on [[Biology:Metacarpal bones|metacarpal]] [[Biology:Trabecula|trabecula]]r and [[Biology:Bone#Cortical bone|cortical bone]] in early hominins, and on its implications for the knowledge of diversity in hominin hand use (especially in ''[[Biology:Australopithecus sediba|Australopithecus sediba]]''), is published by Dunmore ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Christopher J. Dunmore |author2=Matthew M. Skinner |author3=Ameline Bardo |author4=Lee R. Berger |author5=Jean-Jacques Hublin |author6=Dieter H. Pahr |author7=Antonio Rosas |author8=Nicholas B. Stephens |author9=Tracy L. Kivell |year=2020 |title=The position of ''Australopithecus sediba'' within fossil hominin hand use diversity |journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution |volume=4 |issue=7 |pages=911–918 |doi=10.1038/s41559-020-1207-5 |pmid=32424278 |bibcode=2020NatEE...4..911D |s2cid=218682525 |url=https://kar.kent.ac.uk/81327/1/Author_accepted_manuscript.pdf }}</ref>
* A study on the [[Biology:Phalanx bone|phalangeal]] curvature of a chimpanzee who was raised during the 1930s to live much like a human, having very few opportunities to engage in arboreal activities, is published by Wallace, Burgess & Patel (2020), who attempt to determine the extent to which phalangeal curvature is shaped by arboreal locomotion during life relative to genetic factors, and evaluate the implications of their findings for the interpretations of phalangeal curvature among fossil hominins.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Ian J. Wallace |author2=M. Loring Burgess |author3=Biren A. Patel |year=2020 |title=Phalangeal curvature in a chimpanzee raised like a human: Implications for inferring arboreality in fossil hominins |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue= 21|pages= 11223–11225|doi=10.1073/pnas.2004371117 |pmid=32393625 |pmc=7260939 |bibcode=2020PNAS..11711223W |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the evolution of human brain size, shape, and asymmetry, based on data from apes and from species belonging to the genus ''[[Biology:Homo|Homo]]'', is published by Melchionna ''et al.'' (2020), who report evidence indicating a significant shift in the rate of brain shape evolution in the clade including modern humans, [[Biology:Neanderthal|Neanderthal]]s and [[Biology:Homo heidelbergensis|Homo heidelbergensis]].<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Marina Melchionna |author2=Antonio Profico |author3=Silvia Castiglione |author4=Gabriele Sansalone |author5=Carmela Serio |author6=Alessandro Mondanaro |author7=Mirko Di Febbraro |author8=Lorenzo Rook |author9=Luca Pandolfi |author10=Fabio Di Vincenzo |author11=Giorgio Manzi |author12=Pasquale Raia |year=2020 |title=From smart apes to human brain boxes. A uniquely derived brain shape in late hominins clade |journal=Frontiers in Earth Science |volume=8 |pages=Article 273 |doi=10.3389/feart.2020.00273 |bibcode=2020FrEaS...8..273M |s2cid=220497743 |doi-access=free |hdl=2158/1205947 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* Two hominin skulls, representing the earliest definitive occurrence of ''[[Biology:Paranthropus robustus|Paranthropus robustus]]'' and the earliest occurrence of a cranium with clear affinities to ''[[Biology:Homo erectus|Homo erectus]]'' reported so far, are described from Drimolen ({{wipe|South Africa}}) by Herries ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret their findings as evidence that ''Homo'', ''Paranthropus'' and ''Australopithecus'' were contemporaneous at ~2 million years ago.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Andy I. R. Herries |author2=Jesse M. Martin |author3=A. B. Leece |author4=Justin W. Adams |author5=Giovanni Boschian |author6=Renaud Joannes-Boyau |author7=Tara R. Edwards |author8=Tom Mallett |author9=Jason Massey |author10=Ashleigh Murszewski |author11=Simon Neubauer |author12=Robyn Pickering |author13=David S. Strait |author14=Brian J. Armstrong |author15=Stephanie Baker |author16=Matthew V. Caruana |author17=Tim Denham |author18=John Hellstrom |author19=Jacopo Moggi-Cecchi |author20=Simon Mokobane |author21=Paul Penzo-Kajewski |author22=Douglass S. Rovinsky |author23=Gary T. Schwartz |author24=Rhiannon C. Stammers |author25=Coen Wilson |author26=Jon Woodhead |author27=Colin Menter |year=2020 |title=Contemporaneity of ''Australopithecus'', ''Paranthropus'', and early ''Homo erectus'' in South Africa |journal=Science |volume=368 |issue=6486 |pages=eaaw7293 |doi=10.1126/science.aaw7293 |pmid=32241925 |hdl=11568/1040368 |s2cid=214763272 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the locomotion of two hominins from the [[Earth:Sterkfontein|Sterkfontein]] Caves in South Africa (''Australopithecus africanus'' and a geologically younger hominin of uncertain phylogenetic placement, either ''[[Biology:Paranthropus robustus|Paranthropus robustus]]'' or a member of the genus ''Homo''), testing for evidence of committed terrestrial bipedalism and for significant bouts of climbing, is published by Georgiou ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Leoni Georgiou |author2=Christopher J. Dunmore |author3=Ameline Bardo |author4=Laura T. Buck |author5=Jean-Jacques Hublin |author6=Dieter H. Pahr |author7=Dominic Stratford |author8=Alexander Synek |author9=Tracy L. Kivell |author10=Matthew M. Skinner |year=2020 |title=Evidence for habitual climbing in a Pleistocene hominin in South Africa |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=15 |pages=8416–8423 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1914481117 |pmid=32229560 |pmc=7165455 |bibcode=2020PNAS..117.8416G |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Martin Haeusler |author2=Nicole M. Webb |author3=Viktoria A. Krenn |author4=Cinzia Fornai |year=2020 |title=Locomotor and taxonomic diversity of Sterkfontein hominins not supported by current trabecular evidence of the femoral head |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=46 |pages=28568–28569 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2014033117 |pmid=33082222 |pmc=7682559|bibcode=2020PNAS..11728568H |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Matthew M. Skinner |author2=Leoni Georgiou |author3=Dominic Stratford |author4=Christopher J. Dunmore |author5=Ameline Bardo |author6=Laura T. Buck |author7=Jean-Jacques Hublin |author8=Dieter H. Pahr |author9=Alexander Synek |author10=Tracy L. Kivell |year=2020 |title=Reply to Haeusler et al.: Internal structure of the femur provides robust evidence for locomotor and taxonomic diversity at Sterkfontein |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=46 |pages=28570–28571 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2016647117 |pmid=33082221 |pmc=7682416|bibcode=2020PNAS..11728570S |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on changes of the diet of the hominins from the Shungura and [[Earth:Usno Formation|Usno]] Formations (Ethiopia) through time, as indicated by carbon isotope data, is published by Wynn ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jonathan G. Wynn |author2=Zeresenay Alemseged |author3=René Bobe |author4=Frederick Grine |author5=Enquye W. Negash |author6=Matt Sponheimer |year=2020 |title=Isotopic evidence for the timing of the dietary shift toward C<sub>4</sub> foods in eastern African ''Paranthropus'' |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=36 |pages=21978–21984 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2006221117 |pmid=32839330 |pmc=7486737 |bibcode=2020PNAS..11721978W |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the maturational pattern of ''[[Biology:Paranthropus robustus|Paranthropus robustus]]'', based on data from fossils from the [[Earth:Kromdraai fossil site|Kromdraai B cave site]] (South Africa), is published by Cazenave ''et al.'' (2020), who report evidence indicating that ''P. robustus'' had a maturational pattern that more closely approached the extant ape rather than the human condition.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Marine Cazenave |author2=Christopher Dean |author3=Clément Zanolli |author4=Anna C. Oettlé |author5=Jakobus Hoffman |author6=Mirriam Tawane |author7=Francis Thackeray |author8=Roberto Macchiarelli |year=2020 |title=Reassessment of the TM 1517 odonto-postcranial assemblage from Kromdraai B, South Africa, and the maturational pattern of ''Paranthropus robustus'' |journal=American Journal of Physical Anthropology |volume=172 |issue=4 |pages=714–722 |doi=10.1002/ajpa.24082 |pmid=32449177 |s2cid=218874251 |doi-access=free |hdl=2263/78550 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the histology of a [[Medicine:Wisdom tooth|third permanent molar]] of a specimen of ''Paranthropus robustus'' from the Swartkrans site (South Africa), evaluating its implications for the knowledge of the timing of teeth maturation in this hominin, is published by Dean ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Christopher Dean |author2=Clément Zanolli |author3=Adeline Le Cabec |author4=Mirriam Tawane |author5=Jan Garrevoet |author6=Arnaud Mazurier |author7=Roberto Macchiarelli |year=2020 |title=Growth and development of the third permanent molar in ''Paranthropus robustus'' from Swartkrans, South Africa |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 19053 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-76032-2 |pmid=33149180 |pmc=7642444 }}</ref>
* An approximately 2-million-year-old skull of a male ''Paranthropus robustus'' is described from the Drimolen Main Quarry by Martin ''et al.'' (2020), who argue that the morphology of this specimen refutes existing hypotheses of [[Biology:Sexual dimorphism|sexual dimorphism]] in this hominin, and instead documents [[Biology:Microevolution|microevolution]]ary changes within this species.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Jesse M. Martin |author2=A. B. Leece |author3=Simon Neubauer |author4=Stephanie E. Baker |author5=Carrie S. Mongle |author6=Giovanni Boschian |author7=Gary T. Schwartz |author8=Amanda L. Smith |author9=Justin A. Ledogar |author10=David S. Strait |author11=Andy I. R. Herries |year=2020 |title=Drimolen cranium DNH 155 documents microevolution in an early hominin species |journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=38–45 |doi=10.1038/s41559-020-01319-6 |pmid=33168991 |bibcode=2020NatEE...5...38M |s2cid=226296091 }}</ref>
* Detailed comparative description of the DNH 7 skull from Drimolen is published by Rak ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Yoel Rak |author2=William H. Kimbel |author3=Jacopo Moggi-Cecchi |author4=Charles A. Lockwood |author5=Colin Menter |year=2020 |title=The DNH 7 skull of ''Australopithecus robustus'' from Drimolen (Main Quarry), South Africa |journal=Journal of Human Evolution |volume=151 |pages=Article 102913 |doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102913 |pmid=33388495 |s2cid=230484145 }}</ref>
* Richmond ''et al.'' (2020) report the first associated hand and upper limb skeleton of ''[[Biology:Paranthropus boisei|Paranthropus boisei]]'' from the [[Place:Ileret|Ileret]] site (Kenya).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=B.G. Richmond |author2=D.J. Green |author3=M.R. Lague |author4=H. Chirchir |author5=A.K. Behrensmeyer |author6=R. Bobe |author7=M.K. Bamford |author8=N.L. Griffin |author9=P. Gunz |author10=E. Mbua |author11=S.R. Merritt |author12=B. Pobiner |author13=P. Kiura |author14=M. Kibunjia |author15=J.W.K. Harris |author16=D.R. Braun |year=2020 |title=The upper limb of ''Paranthropus boisei'' from Ileret, Kenya |journal=Journal of Human Evolution |volume=141 |pages=Article 102727 |doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.102727 |pmid=32078931 |s2cid=211233056 }}</ref>
* A study aiming to determine the length of the [[Medicine:Achilles tendon|Achilles tendon]] in ''[[Biology:Australopithecus|Australopithecus]]'' is published by McNutt & DeSilva (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ellison J. McNutt |author2=Jeremy M. DeSilva |year=2020 |title=Evidence for an elongated Achilles tendon in ''Australopithecus'' |journal=The Anatomical Record |volume=303 |issue=9 |pages=2382–2391 |doi=10.1002/ar.24387 |pmid=32134211 |s2cid=212417872 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the atlas of the ''Australopithecus'' specimen Stw 573 ("Little Foot") and an additional ''Australopithecus'' specimen StW 679 from the [[Earth:Sterkfontein|Sterkfontein]] Member 4 ({{wipe|South Africa}}, evaluating their implications for the knowledge of kinematics of head-neck movements and blood supply contributing to brain metabolism in ''Australopithecus'' is published by Beaudet ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Amélie Beaudet |author2=Ronald J. Clarke |author3=Jason L. Heaton |author4=Travis R. Pickering |author5=Kristian J. Carlson |author6=Robin H. Crompton |author7=Tea Jashashvili |author8=Laurent Bruxelles |author9=Kudakwashe Jakata |author10=Lunga Bam |author11=Luc Van Hoorebeke |author12=Kathleen Kuman |author13=Dominic Stratford |year=2020 |title=The atlas of StW 573 and the late emergence of human-like head mobility and brain metabolism |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 4285 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-60837-2 |pmid=32179760 |pmc=7075956 |bibcode=2020NatSR..10.4285B }}</ref>
* A study on brain organization and growth in ''[[Biology:Australopithecus afarensis|Australopithecus afarensis]]'' is published by Gunz ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Philipp Gunz |author2=Simon Neubauer |author3=Dean Falk |author4=Paul Tafforeau |author5=Adeline Le Cabec |author6=Tanya M. Smith |author7=William H. Kimbel |author8=Fred Spoor |author9=Zeresenay Alemseged |year=2020 |title=''Australopithecus afarensis'' endocasts suggest ape-like brain organization and prolonged brain growth |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=14 |pages=eaaz4729 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4729 |pmid=32270044 |pmc=7112758 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4729G }}</ref>
* A 1.4-million-y-old large bone fragment shaped into handaxe-like form is described from the Konso Formation (Ethiopia) by Sano ''et al.'' (2020), expanding the documented technological repertoire of African Early Pleistocene ''Homo''.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Katsuhiro Sano |author2=Yonas Beyene |author3=Shigehiro Katoh |author4=Daisuke Koyabu |author5=Hideki Endo |author6=Tomohiko Sasaki |author7=Berhane Asfaw |author8=Gen Suwa |year=2020 |title=A 1.4-million-year-old bone handaxe from Konso, Ethiopia, shows advanced tool technology in the early Acheulean |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=31 |pages=18393–18400 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2006370117 |pmid=32661154 |pmc=7414090 |bibcode=2020PNAS..11718393S |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ran Barkai |year=2020 |title=Lower Paleolithic bone handaxes and chopsticks: Tools and symbols? |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=49 |pages=30892–30893 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2016482117 |pmid=33109717 |pmc=7733816|bibcode=2020PNAS..11730892B |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Gen Suwa |author2=Berhane Asfaw |author3=Katsuhiro Sano |author4=Yonas Beyene |year=2020 |title=Reply to Barkai: Implications of the Konso bone handaxe |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=49 |pages=30894–30895 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2018084117 |pmid=33109716 |pmc=7733793|bibcode=2020PNAS..11730894S |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* An assemblage of immature remains of ''[[Biology:Homo naledi|Homo naledi]]'', including the first partial skeleton of a juvenile member of this species, is reported from the Dinaledi Chamber of the [[Earth:Rising Star Cave|Rising Star Cave]] ({{wipe|South Africa}}) by Bolter ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Debra R. Bolter |author2=Marina C. Elliott |author3=John Hawks |author4=Lee R. Berger |year=2020 |title=Immature remains and the first partial skeleton of a juvenile ''Homo naledi'', a late Middle Pleistocene hominin from South Africa |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=e0230440 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0230440 |pmid=32236122 |pmc=7112188 |bibcode=2020PLoSO..1530440B |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Bolter & Cameron (2020) utilize the methods used to study human growth and development for the reconstruction of ontogeny of ''Homo naledi''.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Debra R. Bolter |author2=Noel Cameron |year=2020 |title=Utilizing auxology to understand ontogeny of extinct hominins: A case study on ''Homo naledi'' |journal=American Journal of Physical Anthropology |volume=173 |issue=2 |pages=368–380 |doi=10.1002/ajpa.24088 |pmid=32537780 |s2cid=219700775 }}</ref>
* A study on the morphology of the mandibular premolars of ''Homo naledi'', and on its implications for the knowledge of possible evolutionary links between ''H. naledi'' and hominins from [[Earth:Sterkfontein|Sterkfontein]] and Swartkrans, is published by Davies ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Thomas W. Davies |author2=Lucas K. Delezene |author3=Philipp Gunz |author4=Jean-Jacques Hublin |author5=Lee R. Berger |author6=Agness Gidna |author7=Matthew M. Skinner |year=2020 |title=Distinct mandibular premolar crown morphology in ''Homo naledi'' and its implications for the evolution of ''Homo'' species in southern Africa |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 13196 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-69993-x |pmid=32764597 |pmc=7413389 |bibcode=2020NatSR..1013196D }}</ref>
* A study on the timing of the first appearance of ''Homo erectus'' at the Sangiran site (Indonesia) is published by Matsu'ura ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Shuji Matsu'ura |author2=Megumi Kondo |author3=Tohru Danhara |author4=Shuhei Sakata |author5=Hideki Iwano |author6=Takafumi Hirata |author7=Iwan Kurniawan |author8=Erick Setiyabudi |author9=Yoshihiro Takeshita |author10=Masayuki Hyodo |author11=Ikuko Kitaba |author12=Masafumi Sudo |author13=Yugo Danhara |author14=Fachroel Aziz |year=2020 |title=Age control of the first appearance datum for Javanese ''Homo erectus'' in the Sangiran area |journal=Science |volume=367 |issue=6474 |pages=210–214 |doi=10.1126/science.aau8556 |pmid=31919224 |bibcode=2020Sci...367..210M |s2cid=210131393 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Semaw ''et al.'' (2020) report the discovery of crania of ''Homo erectus'' and both [[Engineering:Acheulean|Acheulean]] and [[History:Oldowan|Oldowan]] artifacts at the Busidima North and Dana Aoule North sites ([[History:Gona, Ethiopia|Gona]], Afar, Ethiopia), and interpret these findings as evidence of behavioral diversity and flexibility of ''H. erectus''.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Sileshi Semaw |author2=Michael J. Rogers |author3=Scott W. Simpson |author4=Naomi E. Levin |author5=Jay Quade |author6=Nelia Dunbar |author7=William C. McIntosh |author8=Isabel Cáceres |author9=Gary E. Stinchcomb |author10=Ralph L. Holloway |author11=Francis H. Brown |author12=Robert F. Butler |author13=Dietrich Stout |author14=Melanie Everett |year=2020 |title=Co-occurrence of Acheulian and Oldowan artifacts with ''Homo erectus'' cranial fossils from Gona, Afar, Ethiopia |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=eaaw4694 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaw4694 |pmid=32181331 |pmc=7056306 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4694S }}</ref>
* Reconstruction of the [[Biology:Thorax|thorax]] of the juvenile ''H. erectus'' skeleton KNM-WT 15000 from Nariokotome (Kenya) is presented by Bastir ''et al.'' (2020), who evaluate the implications of the anatomy of this individual for the knowledge of the evolution of the modern human body shape.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Markus Bastir |author2=Daniel García-Martínez |author3=Nicole Torres-Tamayo |author4=Carlos A. Palancar |author5=Benoît Beyer |author6=Alon Barash |author7=Chiara Villa |author8=Juan Alberto Sanchis-Gimeno |author9=Alberto Riesco-López |author10=Shahed Nalla |author11=Isabel Torres-Sánchez |author12=Francisco García-Río |author13=Ella Been |author14=Asier Gómez-Olivencia |author15=Martin Haeusler |author16=Scott A. Williams |author17=Fred Spoor |year=2020 |title=Rib cage anatomy in ''Homo erectus'' suggests a recent evolutionary origin of modern human body shape |journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution |volume=4 |issue=9 |pages=1178–1187 |doi=10.1038/s41559-020-1240-4 |pmid=32632258 |bibcode=2020NatEE...4.1178B |s2cid=220376116 |url=https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/311388/3/Bastir_NEE_2020_FINAL.pdf }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the Dali Man is published by Wu (2020).<ref>{{Cite book|author=Xinzhi Wu |year=2020 |title=Middle Pleistocene Human Skull from Dali, China |journal=Palaeontologia Sinica |volume=201 |pages=1–216 |isbn=978-7030663962 }}</ref>
* Welker ''et al.'' (2020) present tooth enamel [[Biology:Proteome|proteome]]s of ''[[Biology:Homo antecessor|Homo antecessor]]'' from Atapuerca ({{wipe|Spain}}) and ''Homo erectus'' from Dmanisi ([[Place:Georgia (country)|Georgia]]), and evaluate the implications of their findings for the knowledge of the phylogenetic placement of ''H. antecessor''.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Frido Welker |author2=Jazmín Ramos-Madrigal |author3=Petra Gutenbrunner |author4=Meaghan Mackie |author5=Shivani Tiwary |author6=Rosa Rakownikow Jersie-Christensen |author7=Cristina Chiva |author8=Marc R. Dickinson |author9=Martin Kuhlwilm |author10=Marc de Manuel |author11=Pere Gelabert |author12=María Martinón-Torres |author13=Ann Margvelashvili |author14=Juan Luis Arsuaga |author15=Eudald Carbonell |author16=Tomas Marques-Bonet |author17=Kirsty Penkman |author18=Eduard Sabidó |author19=Jürgen Cox |author20=Jesper V. Olsen |author21=David Lordkipanidze |author22=Fernando Racimo |author23=Carles Lalueza-Fox |author24=José María Bermúdez de Castro |author25=Eske Willerslev |author26=Enrico Cappellini |year=2020 |title=The dental proteome of ''Homo antecessor'' |journal=Nature |volume=580 |issue=7802 |pages=235–238 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2153-8 |url= |pmid=32269345 |pmc=7582224 |bibcode=2020Natur.580..235W |s2cid=214736611 }}</ref>
* A study on tooth enamel development in hominins from the paleontological sites of the Atapuerca complex, aiming to determine whether the Atapuerca hominins shared a suite or pattern of dental developmental characteristics with ''Homo sapiens'', is published by Modesto-Mata ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Mario Modesto-Mata |author2=M. Christopher Dean |author3=Rodrigo S. Lacruz |author4=Timothy G. Bromage |author5=Cecilia García-Campos |author6=Marina Martínez de Pinillos |author7=Laura Martín-Francés |author8=María Martinón-Torres |author9=Eudald Carbonell |author10=Juan Luis Arsuaga |author11=José María Bermúdez de Castro |year=2020 |title=Short and long period growth markers of enamel formation distinguish European Pleistocene hominins |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 4665 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-61659-y |pmid=32170098 |pmc=7069994 |bibcode=2020NatSR..10.4665M }}</ref>
* A study on the morphology of hominin bones from the Sima de los Huesos site (Atapuerca, Spain) is published by Bartsiokas & [[Biography:Juan Luis Arsuaga|Arsuaga]] (2020), who interpret their findings as likely evidence of [[Biology:Hibernation|hibernation]] in the Atapuerca hominins.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Antonis Bartsiokas |author2=Juan-Luis Arsuaga |year=2020 |title=Hibernation in hominins from Atapuerca, Spain half a million years ago |journal=L'Anthropologie |volume=124 |issue=5 |pages=Article 102797 |doi=10.1016/j.anthro.2020.102797 |s2cid=229399008 }}</ref>
* A study on the age of the Kabwe 1 skull from Broken Hill (Zambia), and on its implications for the knowledge of human evolution, is published by Grün ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Rainer Grün |author2=Alistair Pike |author3=Frank McDermott |author4=Stephen Eggins |author5=Graham Mortimer |author6=Maxime Aubert |author7=Lesley Kinsley |author8=Renaud Joannes-Boyau |author9=Michael Rumsey |author10=Christiane Denys |author11=James Brink |author12=Tara Clark |author13=Chris Stringer |year=2020 |title=Dating the skull from Broken Hill, Zambia, and its position in human evolution |journal=Nature |volume=580 |issue=7803 |pages=372–375 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2165-4 |pmid=32296179 |bibcode=2020Natur.580..372G |s2cid=214736650 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2165-4 }}</ref>
* Evidence of interbreeding between common ancestors of Neanderthals and [[History:Denisovan|Denisovan]]s with a different hominin population that separated from other humans about 2 million years ago is presented by Rogers, Harris & Achenbach (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alan R. Rogers |author2=Nathan S. Harris |author3=Alan A. Achenbach |year=2020 |title=Neanderthal-Denisovan ancestors interbred with a distantly related hominin |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=8 |pages=eaay5483 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aay5483 |pmid=32128408 |pmc=7032934 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.5483R }}</ref>
* Petr ''et al.'' (2020) sequence [[Biology:Y chromosome|Y chromosome]]s from Neanderthals and Denisovans, and evaluate the implications of their findings for the knowledge of the evolutionary history of Neanderthals and Denisovans.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Martin Petr |author2=Mateja Hajdinjak |author3=Qiaomei Fu |author4=Elena Essel |author5=Hélène Rougier |author6=Isabelle Crevecoeur |author7=Patrick Semal |author8=Liubov V. Golovanova |author9=Vladimir B. Doronichev |author10=Carles Lalueza-Fox |author11=Marco de la Rasilla |author12=Antonio Rosas |author13=Michael V. Shunkov |author14=Maxim B. Kozlikin |author15=Anatoli P. Derevianko |author16=Benjamin Vernot |author17=Matthias Meyer |author18=Janet Kelso |year=2020 |title=The evolutionary history of Neanderthal and Denisovan Y chromosomes |journal=Science |volume=369 |issue=6511 |pages=1653–1656 |doi=10.1126/science.abb6460 |pmid=32973032 |bibcode=2020Sci...369.1653P |hdl=21.11116/0000-0007-11C2-A |s2cid=221882937 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02990265/file/Petr_2020_manuscript_scienceYchromosom.pdf }}</ref>
* Zhang ''et al.'' (2020) report the discovery of Denisovan mitochondrial DNA from sediments of the Baishiya Karst Cave deposited ~100 thousand, ~60 thousand and possibly as recently as ~45 thousand years ago, and interpret their findings as evidence of long-term occupation of this cave by Denisovans.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Dongju Zhang |author2=Huan Xia |author3=Fahu Chen |author4=Bo Li |author5=Viviane Slon |author6=Ting Cheng |author7=Ruowei Yang |author8=Zenobia Jacobs |author9=Qingyan Dai |author10=Diyendo Massilani |author11=Xuke Shen |author12=Jian Wang |author13=Xiaotian Feng |author14=Peng Cao |author15=Melinda A. Yang |author16=Juanting Yao |author17=Jishuai Yang |author18=David B. Madsen |author19=Yuanyuan Han |author20=Wanjing Ping |author21=Feng Liu |author22=Charles Perreault |author23=Xiaoshan Chen |author24=Matthias Meyer |author25=Janet Kelso |author26=Svante Pääbo |author27=Qiaomei Fu |year=2020 |title=Denisovan DNA in Late Pleistocene sediments from Baishiya Karst Cave on the Tibetan Plateau |journal=Science |volume=370 |issue=6516 |pages=584–587 |doi=10.1126/science.abb6320 |pmid=33122381 |s2cid=225956074 }}</ref>
* A study on the early life of Neanderthals, based on data from three Neanderthal individuals from northeastern Italy, is published by Nava ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret their findings as indicating that the modern human nursing strategy was present among these Neanderthals.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alessia Nava |author2=Federico Lugli |author3=Matteo Romandini |author4=Federica Badino |author5=David Evans |author6=Angela H. Helbling |author7=Gregorio Oxilia |author8=Simona Arrighi |author9=Eugenio Bortolini |author10=Davide Delpiano |author11=Rossella Duches |author12=Carla Figus |author13=Alessandra Livraghi |author14=Giulia Marciani |author15=Sara Silvestrini |author16=Anna Cipriani |author17=Tommaso Giovanardi |author18=Roberta Pini |author19=Claudio Tuniz |author20=Federico Bernardini |author21=Irene Dori |author22=Alfredo Coppa |author23=Emanuela Cristiani |author24=Christopher Dean |author25=Luca Bondioli |author26=Marco Peresani |author27=Wolfgang Müller |author28=Stefano Benazzi |year=2020 |title=Early life of Neanderthals |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=46 |pages=28719–28726 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2011765117 |pmid=33139541 |pmc=7682388 |bibcode=2020PNAS..11728719N |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the exploitation of bivalves by Neanderthals from the Moscerini cave site (Italy) is published by Villa ''et al.'' (2020), who report evidence indicating that Neanderthals collected aquatic resources by skin diving.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Paola Villa |author2=Sylvain Soriano |author3=Luca Pollarolo |author4=Carlo Smriglio |author5=Mario Gaeta |author6=Massimo D'Orazio |author7=Jacopo Conforti |author8=Carlo Tozzi |year=2020 |title=Neandertals on the beach: Use of marine resources at Grotta dei Moscerini (Latium, Italy) |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=e0226690 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0226690 |pmid=31940356 |pmc=6961883 |bibcode=2020PLoSO..1526690V |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Zilhão ''et al.'' (2020) present evidence from the Figueira Brava site on the Atlantic coast of Portugal indicating that [[Earth:Middle Paleolithic|Middle Paleolithic]] Neanderthals from this site exploited marine resources at a scale on par with the modern human–associated Middle Stone Age of southern Africa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=J. Zilhão |author2=D. E. Angelucci |author3=M. Araújo Igreja |author4=L. J. Arnold |author5=E. Badal |author6=P. Callapez |author7=J. L. Cardoso |author8=F. d'Errico |author9=J. Daura |author10=M. Demuro |author11=M. Deschamps |author12=C. Dupont |author13=S. Gabriel |author14=D. L. Hoffmann |author15=P. Legoinha |author16=H. Matias |author17=A. M. Monge Soares |author18=M. Nabais |author19=P. Portela |author20=A. Queffelec |author21=F. Rodrigues |author22=P. Souto |year=2020 |title=Last Interglacial Iberian Neandertals as fisher-hunter-gatherers |journal=Science |volume=367 |issue=6485 |pages=eaaz7943 |doi=10.1126/science.aaz7943 |pmid=32217702 |s2cid=214671143 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02532588 }}</ref>
* A study on an assemblage of Neanderthal remains and Middle Paleolithic artifacts from the Chagyrskaya Cave ({{wipe|Russia}}) is published by Kolobova ''et al.'' (2020), who compare this assemblage with other Altai sites, and interpret their findings as evidence of at least two Neanderthal incursions into southern Siberia.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Kseniya A. Kolobova |author2=Richard G. Roberts |author3=Victor P. Chabai |author4=Zenobia Jacobs |author5=Maciej T. Krajcarz |author6=Alena V. Shalagina |author7=Andrey I. Krivoshapkin |author8=Bo Li |author9=Thorsten Uthmeier |author10=Sergey V. Markin |author11=Mike W. Morley |author12=Kieran O'Gorman |author13=Natalia A. Rudaya |author14=Sahra Talamo |author15=Bence Viola |author16=Anatoly P. Derevianko |year=2020 |title=Archaeological evidence for two separate dispersals of Neanderthals into southern Siberia |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=6 |pages=2879–2885 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1918047117 |pmid=31988114 |pmc=7022189 |bibcode=2020PNAS..117.2879K |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A high-quality genome of a Neanderthal from the Chagyrskaya Cave is sequenced by Mafessoni ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret the data from the genes expressed in the [[Biology:Striatum|striatum]] of the brain as indicating that the striatum may have evolved unique functions in Neanderthals.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Fabrizio Mafessoni |author2=Steffi Grote |author3=Cesare de Filippo |author4=Viviane Slon |author5=Kseniya A. Kolobova |author6=Bence Viola |author7=Sergey V. Markin |author8=Manjusha Chintalapati |author9=Stephane Peyrégne |author10=Laurits Skov |author11=Pontus Skoglund |author12=Andrey I. Krivoshapkin |author13=Anatoly P. Derevianko |author14=Matthias Meyer |author15=Janet Kelso |author16=Benjamin Peter |author17=Kay Prüfer |author18=Svante Pääbo |year=2020 |title=A high-coverage Neandertal genome from Chagyrskaya Cave |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=26 |pages=15132–15136 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2004944117 |pmid=32546518 |pmc=7334501 |bibcode=2020PNAS..11715132M |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Evidence of use of fibre technology by Neanderthals is reported from the Abri du Maras site ({{wipe|France}}) by Hardy ''et al.'' (2020), who evaluate the implications of this finding for the knowledge of cognitive abilities of Neanderthals.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=B. L. Hardy |author2=M.-H. Moncel |author3=C. Kerfant |author4=M. Lebon |author5=L. Bellot-Gurlet |author6=N. Mélard |year=2020 |title=Direct evidence of Neanderthal fibre technology and its cognitive and behavioral implications |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 4889 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-61839-w |pmid=32273518 |pmc=7145842 |bibcode=2020NatSR..10.4889H }}</ref>
* García-Martínez ''et al.'' (2020) reconstruct the ribcages of perinatal and infant Neanderthal individuals, and report evidence indicating that most of the skeletal differences between the Neanderthal and modern human thorax were already largely established at birth.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Daniel García-Martínez |author2=Markus Bastir |author3=Asier Gómez-Olivencia |author4=Bruno Maureille |author5=Liubov Golovanova |author6=Vladimir Doronichev |author7=Takeru Akazawa |author8=Osamu Kondo |author9=Hajime Ishida |author10=Dominic Gascho |author11=Christoph P. E. Zollikofer |author12=Marcia Ponce de León |author13=Yann Heuzé |year=2020 |title=Early development of the Neanderthal ribcage reveals a different body shape at birth compared to modern humans |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=41 |pages=eabb4377 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.abb4377 |pmid=33028520 |pmc=7541074 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4377G }}</ref>
* Two new reconstructions of the [[Biology:Kebara 2|Kebara 2]] pelvis are presented by Adegboyega ''et al.'' (2020), who evaluate the implications of this specimen for the knowledge of the Neanderthal pelvic morphology.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Mayowa T. Adegboyega |author2=Peter A. Stamos |author3=Jean-Jacques Hublin |author4=Timothy D. Weaver |year=2020 |title=Virtual reconstruction of the Kebara 2 Neanderthal pelvis |journal=Journal of Human Evolution |volume=151 |pages=Article 102922 |doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102922 |pmid=33360685 |s2cid=229689024 }}</ref>
* Evidence of stable climatic and environmental conditions in Apulia (Italy) during the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition, when Neanderthals and modern humans coexisted, is presented by Columbu ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret their findings as indicating that climate did not play a key role in the disappearance of Neanderthals in this area.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Andrea Columbu |author2=Veronica Chiarini |author3=Christoph Spötl |author4=Stefano Benazzi |author5=John Hellstrom |author6=Hai Cheng |author7=Jo De Waele |year=2020 |title=Speleothem record attests to stable environmental conditions during Neanderthal–modern human turnover in southern Italy |journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution |volume=4 |issue=9 |pages=1188–1195 |doi=10.1038/s41559-020-1243-1 |pmid=32632262 |bibcode=2020NatEE...4.1188C |s2cid=220375005 }}</ref>
* A study on the biological affinities of the Olduvai Hominid 1 is published by Willman ''et al.'' (2020), who also report evidence from [[Medicine:Tooth wear|tooth wear]] indicating that this individual wore three facial piercings.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=John C. Willman |author2=Raquel Hernando |author3=Marie Matu |author4=Isabelle Crevecoeur |year=2020 |title=Biocultural diversity in Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene Africa: Olduvai Hominid 1 (Tanzania) biological affinity and intentional body modification |journal=American Journal of Physical Anthropology |volume=172 |issue=4 |pages=664–681 |doi=10.1002/ajpa.24007 |pmid=31944279 |s2cid=210331198 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02990216/file/Willman_2020_OH1_teethwearLabret.pdf }}</ref>
* A study on environmental dynamics associated with the replacement of the Acheulean by early Middle Stone Age, aiming to determine how shifts in landscape-scale ecological resources might have influenced hominin adaptation during this interval on the basis of data from the Olorgesailie basin, is published by [[Biography:Rick Potts|Potts]] ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Richard Potts |author2=René Dommain |author3=Jessica W. Moerman |author4=Anna K. Behrensmeyer |author5=Alan L. Deino |author6=Simon Riedl |author7=Emily J. Beverly |author8=Erik T. Brown |author9=Daniel Deocampo |author10=Rahab Kinyanjui |author11=Rachel Lupien |author12=R. Bernhart Owen |author13=Nathan Rabideaux |author14=James M. Russell |author15=Mona Stockhecke |author16=Peter deMenocal |author17=J. Tyler Faith |author18=Yannick Garcin |author19=Anders Noren |author20=Jennifer J. Scott |author21=David Western |author22=Jordon Bright |author23=Jennifer B. Clark |author24=Andrew S. Cohen |author25=C. Brehnin Keller |author26=John King |author27=Naomi E. Levin |author28=Kristina Brady Shannon |author29=Veronica Muiruri |author30=Robin W. Renaut |author31=Stephen M. Rucina |author32=Kevin Uno |year=2020 |title=Increased ecological resource variability during a critical transition in hominin evolution |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=43 |pages=eabc8975 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.abc8975 |pmid=33087353 |pmc=7577727 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.8975P }}</ref>
* A study on an assemblage more than 400 Late Pleistocene human footprints from Engare Sero (Tanzania), and on their implications for the knowledge of the body sizes, locomotor behaviors and composition of the group of humans who generated these tracks, is published by Hatala ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret these tracks as likely evidence of cooperative and sexually divided foraging behaviors in Late Pleistocene humans.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Kevin G. Hatala |author2=William E. H. Harcourt-Smith |author3=Adam D. Gordon |author4=Brian W. Zimmer |author5=Brian G. Richmond |author6=Briana L. Pobiner |author7=David J. Green |author8=Adam Metallo |author9=Vince Rossi |author10=Cynthia M. Liutkus-Pierce |year=2020 |title=Snapshots of human anatomy, locomotion, and behavior from Late Pleistocene footprints at Engare Sero, Tanzania |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 7740 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-64095-0 |pmid=32409726 |pmc=7224389 |bibcode=2020NatSR..10.7740H }}</ref>
* Wadley ''et al.'' (2020) report the discovery of grass bedding likely used to create comfortable areas for sleeping and working by people who lived in Border Cave (South Africa) at least 200,000 years ago.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Lyn Wadley |author2=Irene Esteban |author3=Paloma de la Peña |author4=Marine Wojcieszak |author5=Dominic Stratford |author6=Sandra Lennox |author7=Francesco d'Errico |author8=Daniela Eugenia Rosso |author9=François Orange |author10=Lucinda Backwell |author11=Christine Sievers |year=2020 |title=Fire and grass-bedding construction 200 thousand years ago at Border Cave, South Africa |journal=Science |volume=369 |issue=6505 |pages=863–866 |doi=10.1126/science.abc7239 |pmid=32792402 |bibcode=2020Sci...369..863W |s2cid=221113832 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02998410 }}</ref>
* A study on the evolution of early symbolic behavior in ''Homo sapiens'', based on data from the engraved ochre and ostrich eggshell fragments from the {{wipe|South Africa}}n [[Earth:Blombos Cave|Blombos Cave]] and Diepkloof Rock Shelter dating up to about 100,000 years ago, is published by Tylén ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Kristian Tylén |author2=Riccardo Fusaroli |author3=Sergio Rojo |author4=Katrin Heimann |author5=Nicolas Fay |author6=Niels N. Johannsen |author7=Felix Riede |author8=Marlize Lombard |year=2020 |title=The evolution of early symbolic behavior in ''Homo sapiens'' |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=9 |pages=4578–4584 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1910880117 |pmid=32071236 |pmc=7060673 |bibcode=2020PNAS..117.4578T |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Hublin ''et al.'' (2020) report the discovery and study the age of human remains found in association with Initial [[Earth:Upper Paleolithic|Upper Paleolithic]] artefacts from the [[Earth:Bacho Kiro cave|Bacho Kiro cave]] (Bulgaria), and argue that this assemblage represents the earliest arrival of Upper Paleolithic ''Homo sapiens'' in Europe reported so far;<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Jean-Jacques Hublin |author2=Nikolay Sirakov |author3=Vera Aldeias |author4=Shara Bailey |author5=Edouard Bard |author6=Vincent Delvigne |author7=Elena Endarova |author8=Yoann Fagault |author9=Helen Fewlass |author10=Mateja Hajdinjak |author11=Bernd Kromer |author12=Ivaylo Krumov |author13=João Marreiros |author14=Naomi L. Martisius |author15=Lindsey Paskulin |author16=Virginie Sinet-Mathiot |author17=Matthias Meyer |author18=Svante Pääbo |author19=Vasil Popov |author20=Zeljko Rezek |author21=Svoboda Sirakova |author22=Matthew M. Skinner |author23=Geoff M. Smith |author24=Rosen Spasov |author25=Sahra Talamo |author26=Thibaut Tuna |author27=Lukas Wacker |author28=Frido Welker |author29=Arndt Wilcke |author30=Nikolay Zahariev |author31=Shannon P. McPherron |author32=Tsenka Tsanova |year=2020 |title=Initial Upper Palaeolithic ''Homo sapiens'' from Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria |journal=Nature |volume=581 |issue=7808 |pages=299–302 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2259-z |pmid=32433609 |bibcode=2020Natur.581..299H |s2cid=218592678 |url=https://kar.kent.ac.uk/81524/1/Hublin%20et%20al%20_authors%20accepted.pdf }}</ref> a study on the [[Physics:Carbon-14|<sup>14</sup>C]] chronology of this site is published by Fewlass ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Helen Fewlass |author2=Sahra Talamo |author3=Lukas Wacker |author4=Bernd Kromer |author5=Thibaut Tuna |author6=Yoann Fagault |author7=Edouard Bard |author8=Shannon P. McPherron |author9=Vera Aldeias |author10=Raquel Maria |author11=Naomi L. Martisius |author12=Lindsay Paskulin |author13=Zeljko Rezek |author14=Virginie Sinet-Mathiot |author15=Svoboda Sirakova |author16=Geoffrey M. Smith |author17=Rosen Spasov |author18=Frido Welker |author19=Nikolay Sirakov |author20=Tsenka Tsanova |author21=Jean-Jacques Hublin  |year=2020 |title=A <sup>14</sup>C chronology for the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition at Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria |journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution |volume=4 |issue=6 |pages=794–801 |doi=10.1038/s41559-020-1136-3 |pmid=32393865 |bibcode=2020NatEE...4..794F |hdl=11585/770560 |s2cid=218593433 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* Newborns from a double grave from the Gravettian site Krems-Wachtberg (Austria) are identified as the earliest known case of [[Biology:Twin#Monozygotic (identical) twins|monozygotic twins]] by Teschler-Nicola ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Maria Teschler-Nicola |author2=Daniel Fernandes |author3=Marc Händel |author4=Thomas Einwögerer |author5=Ulrich Simon |author6=Christine Neugebauer-Maresch |author7=Stefan Tangl |author8=Patrick Heimel |author9=Toni Dobsak |author10=Anika Retzmann |author11=Thomas Prohaska |author12=Johanna Irrgeher |author13=Douglas J. Kennett |author14=Iñigo Olalde |author15=David Reich |author16=Ron Pinhasi |year=2020 |title=Ancient DNA reveals monozygotic newborn twins from the Upper Palaeolithic |journal=Communications Biology |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 650 |doi=10.1038/s42003-020-01372-8 |pmid=33159107 |pmc=7648643 |s2cid=226274540 }}</ref>
* A study on the genome of a ~34,000-year-old hominin skull cap discovered in the Salkhit Valley in northeastern Mongolia is published by Massilani ''et al.'' (2020), who present evidence indicating that this individual was a woman from a modern human population carrying genomic segments of Denisovan ancestry derived from the same Denisovan admixture event that contributed to present-day mainland Asians.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Diyendo Massilani |author2=Laurits Skov |author3=Mateja Hajdinjak |author4=Byambaa Gunchinsuren |author5=Damdinsuren Tseveendorj |author6=Seonbok Yi |author7=Jungeun Lee |author8=Sarah Nagel |author9=Birgit Nickel |author10=Thibaut Devièse |author11=Tom Higham |author12=Matthias Meyer |author13=Janet Kelso |author14=Benjamin M. Peter |author15=Svante Pääbo |year=2020 |title=Denisovan ancestry and population history of early East Asians |journal=Science |volume=370 |issue=6516 |pages=579–583 |doi=10.1126/science.abc1166 |pmid=33122380 |s2cid=225957149 }}</ref>
* Evidence indicating that the [[Earth:Paleolithic|Paleolithic]] colonization of the Ryukyu Islands was a result of active and continued exploration, backed up by technological advancement, is presented by Kaifu ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Yousuke Kaifu |author2=Tien-Hsia Kuo |author3=Yoshimi Kubota |author4=Sen Jan |year=2020 |title=Palaeolithic voyage for invisible islands beyond the horizon |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 19785 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-76831-7 |pmid=33273531 |pmc=7714783 |bibcode=2020NatSR..1019785K }}</ref>
* A study aiming to determine the varying reliance of early human colonisers of [[Biology:Wallacea|Wallacea]] on tropical forest and terrestrial versus marine resources, as indicated by stable carbon and oxygen isotope data from human and faunal tooth enamel from six Late Pleistocene/Holocene archaeological sequences on Timor and Alor Island, is published by Roberts ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Patrick Roberts |author2=Julien Louys |author3=Jana Zech |author4=Ceri Shipton |author5=Shimona Kealy |author6=Sofia Samper Carro |author7=Stuart Hawkins |author8=Clara Boulanger |author9=Sara Marzo |author10=Bianca Fiedler |author11=Nicole Boivin |author12=Mahirta |author13=Ken Aplin |author14=Sue OʼConnor |year=2020 |title=Isotopic evidence for initial coastal colonization and subsequent diversification in the human occupation of Wallacea |journal=Nature Communications |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 2068 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-15969-4 |pmid=32350284 |pmc=7190613 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.2068R }}</ref>
* Bordes ''et al.'' (2020) identify bone micro-residues on two cobbles from the Cerutti Mastodon site ({{wipe|California}}, United States), and interpret this finding as evidence supporting human agency on bone and stone artefacts from this site.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Luc Bordes |author2=Elspeth Hayes |author3=Richard Fullagar |author4=Tom Deméré |year=2020 |title=Raman and optical microscopy of bone micro-residues on cobbles from the Cerutti mastodon site |journal=Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports |volume=34, Part B |pages=Article 102656 |doi=10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102656 |bibcode=2020JArSR..34j2656B |s2cid=229435292 }}</ref>
* Evidence from fecal [[Biology:Biomarker|biomarker]]s indicating that pre-Clovis coprolites from the Paisley Caves complex (Oregon, {{wipe|United States}}) are human is presented by Shillito ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Lisa-Marie Shillito |author2=Helen L. Whelton |author3=John C. Blong |author4=Dennis L. Jenkins |author5=Thomas J. Connolly |author6=Ian D. Bull |year=2020 |title=Pre-Clovis occupation of the Americas identified by human fecal biomarkers in coprolites from Paisley Caves, Oregon |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=29 |pages=eaba6404 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aba6404 |pmid=32743069 |pmc=7363456 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.6404S }}</ref>
* A study on the timing of the peopling of the Americas, based on chronometric data from 42 North American and [[Earth:Beringia|Beringia]]n archaeological sites, is published by Becerra-Valdivia & Higham (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Lorena Becerra-Valdivia |author2=Thomas Higham |year=2020 |title=The timing and effect of the earliest human arrivals in North America |journal=Nature |volume=584 |issue=7819 |pages=93–97 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2491-6 |pmid=32699413 |bibcode=2020Natur.584...93B |s2cid=220715918 }}</ref>
* Evidence of human presence in the Americas during the [[Earth:Last Glacial Maximum|Last Glacial Maximum]] is reported from the Chiquihuite Cave ([[Place:Zacatecas|Zacatecas]], Mexico) by Ardelean ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret their findings as pushing back dates for human dispersal to the region possibly as early as 33,000–31,000 years ago.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Ciprian F. Ardelean |author2=Lorena Becerra-Valdivia |author3=Mikkel Winther Pedersen |author4=Jean-Luc Schwenninger |author5=Charles G. Oviatt |author6=Juan I. Macías-Quintero |author7=Joaquin Arroyo-Cabrales |author8=Martin Sikora |author9=Yam Zul E. Ocampo-Díaz |author10=Igor I. Rubio-Cisneros |author11=Jennifer G. Watling |author12=Vanda B. de Medeiros |author13=Paulo E. De Oliveira |author14=Luis Barba-Pingarón |author15=Agustín Ortiz-Butrón |author16=Jorge Blancas-Vázquez |author17=Irán Rivera-González |author18=Corina Solís-Rosales |author19=María Rodríguez-Ceja |author20=Devlin A. Gandy |author21=Zamara Navarro-Gutierrez |author22=Jesús J. De La Rosa-Díaz |author23=Vladimir Huerta-Arellano |author24=Marco B. Marroquín-Fernández |author25=L. Martin Martínez-Riojas |author26=Alejandro López-Jiménez |author27=Thomas Higham |author28=Eske Willerslev |year=2020 |title=Evidence of human occupation in Mexico around the Last Glacial Maximum |journal=Nature |volume=584 |issue=7819 |pages=87–92 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2509-0 |pmid=32699412 |bibcode=2020Natur.584...87A |s2cid=220697089 |url=https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/312474 }}</ref>
* A study on the age and duration of the Clovis complex is published by Waters, Stafford & Carlson (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Michael R. Waters |author2=Thomas W. Stafford, Jr. |author3=David L. Carlson |year=2020 |title=The age of Clovis—13,050 to 12,750 cal yr B.P. |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=43 |pages=eaaz0455 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz0455 |pmid=33087355 |pmc=7577710 |bibcode=2020SciA....6..455W }}</ref>
* Two Early Holocene hunter-gatherer burials, including a burial of a young adult woman associated with a hunting toolkit of stone projectile points and animal processing tools, are reported from the Wilamaya Patjxa site (Peru) by Haas ''et al.'' (2020), who also review other Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene burials throughout the Americas, and interpret their findings as consistent with nongendered labor practices in which early hunter-gatherer women were big-game hunters.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Randall Haas |author2=James Watson |author3=Tammy Buonasera |author4=John Southon |author5=Jennifer C. Chen |author6=Sarah Noe |author7=Kevin Smith |author8=Carlos Viviano Llave |author9=Jelmer Eerkens |author10=Glendon Parker |year=2020 |title=Female hunters of the early Americas |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=45 |pages=eabd0310 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.abd0310 |pmid=33148651 |pmc=7673694 |bibcode=2020SciA....6..310H |s2cid=226261247 }}</ref>

===Rodents===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name !! Novelty !! Status !! Authors !! Age !! Type locality !! Country !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ''Anomalomys grytsivensis''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Valentin Nesin |author2=Oleksandr Kovalchuk |year=2020 |title=A new late Miocene ''Anomalomys'' species from western Ukraine with implications for the diversity and evolution of anomalomyid rodents in Eastern Europe |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=33 |issue=9 |pages= 1809–1816|doi=10.1080/08912963.2020.1742711 |s2cid=216171665 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| In press
| Nesin & Kovalchuk
| Miocene
| 
| {{Flag|Ukraine}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Anomalomyidae|Anomalomyidae]]
| 
|-
| ''Argaleogaulus''<ref name=Argaleogaulus>{{Cite journal|author1=William W. Korth |author2=Donald G. Kron |year=2020 |title=Rodents (Mammalia) from the Troublesome Formation, Late Oligocene to Miocene (Middle Arikareean–Early Clarendonian) of Colorado |journal=Annals of Carnegie Museum |volume=86 |issue=4 |pages=295–360 |doi=10.2992/007.086.0401 |s2cid=235473659 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth & Kron
| [[Earth:Arikareean|Arikareean]]
| Troublesome
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
| A member of the family [[Biology:Mylagaulidae|Mylagaulidae]]. Genus includes new species ''A. primoticus''.
|
|-
| ''Arvicola nahalensis''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Lutz Christian Maul |author2=Rivka Rabinovich |author3=Rebecca Biton |year=2020 |title=At the southern fringe: extant and fossil water voles of the genus ''Arvicola'' (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Arvicolinae) from Israel, with the description of a new species |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=33 |issue=11 |pages=2773–2793 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2020.1827240 |s2cid=226336186 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Maul, Rabinovich & Biton
| Late Pleistocene
| 
| {{Flag|Israel}}
| A species of ''[[Biology:Arvicola|Arvicola]]''. Announced in 2020; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2021.
| 
|-
| ''Balantiomys coloradensis''<ref name=Argaleogaulus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth & Kron
|
| Troublesome
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
| A member of the family [[Biology:Heteromyidae|Heteromyidae]].
|
|-
| ''Bibimys massoiai''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Simone B. das Neves |author2=Ulyses F. J. Pardiñas |author3=Patrícia Hadler |author4=Elver L. Mayer |author5=Ana M. Ribeiro |year=2020 |title=A new fossil cricetid (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae) from northeastern Brazil with remarks on small mammal extinctions in the tropical Quaternary |journal=Journal of Mammalogy |volume=101 |issue=4 |pages=1133–1147 |doi=10.1093/jmammal/gyaa066 |s2cid=222001530 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Das Neves ''et al.''
| Late Quaternary
|
| {{Flag|Brazil}}
| A species of ''[[Biology:Bibimys|Bibimys]]''.
|
|-
| ''Borikenomys''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Laurent Marivaux |author2=Jorge Vélez-Juarbe |author3=Gilles Merzeraud |author4=François Pujos |author5=Lázaro W. Viñola López |author6=Myriam Boivin |author7=Hernán Santos-Mercado |author8=Eduardo J. Cruz |author9=Alexandra Grajales |author10=James Padilla |author11=Kevin I. Vélez-Rosado |author12=Mélody Philippon |author13=Jean-Len Léticée |author14=Philippe Münch |author15=Pierre-Olivier Antoine |year=2020 |title=Early Oligocene chinchilloid caviomorphs from Puerto Rico and the initial rodent colonization of the West Indies |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=287 |issue=1920 |pages=Article ID 20192806 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2019.2806 |pmid=32075529 |pmc=7031660 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| 
| Marivaux ''et al.''
| late Early Oligocene
| [[Earth:San Sebastián Limestone|San Sebastián]]
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Puerto Rico}})
| A member of the superfamily Chinchilloidea, possibly belonging to the family [[Biology:Dinomyidae|Dinomyidae]]. The type species is ''B. praecursor''.
| 
|-
| ''[[Biology:Horned gopher|Ceratogaulus cornutasagma]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jonathan J. M. Calede |author2=Joshua X. Samuels |year=2020 |title=A new species of ''Ceratogaulus'' from Nebraska and the evolution of nasal horns in Mylagaulidae (Mammalia, Rodentia, Aplodontioidea) |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=18 |issue=17 |pages=1395–1414 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2020.1765889 |bibcode=2020JSPal..18.1395C |s2cid=219902187 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Calede & Samuels
|
| 
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Nebraska}})
|
| 
|-
| ''"Cricetodon" venczeli''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=János Hír |author2=Vlad Codrea |author3=Jérôme Prieto |year=2020 |title=Two new early Sarmatian s. str. (latest middle Miocene) rodent faunas from the Carpathian Basin |journal=Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments |volume=100 |issue=3 |pages=849–902 |doi=10.1007/s12549-019-00399-y |bibcode=2020PdPe..100..849H |s2cid=134949080 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Hír, Codrea & Prieto
| Miocene
| 
| {{Flag|Romania}}
| A large hamster. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.
| 
|-
| ''Ctenomys viarapaensis''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Nahuel A. De Santi |author2=Diego H. Verzi |author3=A. Itatí Olivares |author4=Pedro Piñero |author5=Cecilia C.Morgan |author6=Matías E. Medina |author7=Diego E. Rivero |author8=Eduardo P. Tonni |year=2020 |title=A new peculiar species of the subterranean rodent ''Ctenomys'' (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae) from the Holocene of central Argentina |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |volume=100 |pages=Article 102499 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102499 |bibcode=2020JSAES.10002499D |s2cid=213216992 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| In press
| De Santi ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Holocene|Holocene]]
| 
| {{Flag|Argentina}}
| A [[Biology:Tuco-tuco|tuco-tuco]]
| 
|-
| ''Cupidinimus robinsoni''<ref name=Argaleogaulus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth & Kron
|
| Troublesome
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
| A member of the family Heteromyidae.
|
|-
| ''Entoptychus rensbergeri''<ref name=Argaleogaulus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth & Kron
|
| Troublesome
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
| A gopher.
|
|-
| ''Episiphneus dalianensis''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Chao Qin |author2=Yuan Wang |author3=Sizhao Liu |author4=Yayun Song |author5=Changzhu Jin |year=2020 |title=First discovery of fossil ''Episiphneus'' (Myospalacinae, Rodentia) from Northeast China |journal=Quaternary International |volume=591 |pages=59–69 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2020.05.040 |s2cid=225739042 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Qin ''et al.''
| Late Pliocene
| 
| {{Flag|China}}
| A [[Biology:Zokor|zokor]]. Announced in 2020; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2021.
| 
|-
| ''Golunda aouraghei''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Pedro Piñero |author2=Jordi Agustí |author3=Hamid Haddoumi |author4=Kamal El Hammouti |author5=M. Gema Chacón |author6=Robert Sala-Ramos |year=2020 |title=''Golunda aouraghei'', sp. nov., the last representative of the genus ''Golunda'' in Africa |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=6 |pages=e1742726 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1742726 |s2cid=219919657 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Piñero ''et al.''
| Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary
| 
| {{Flag|Morocco}}
| A relative of the Indian bush rat
| 
|-
| ''Gregorymys mixtecorum''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Elizabeth Ortiz-Caballero |author2=Eduardo Jiménez-Hidalgo |author3=Victor M. Bravo-Cuevas |year=2020 |title=A new species of the gopher ''Gregorymys'' (Rodentia, Geomyidae) from the early Oligocene (Arikareean 1) of southern Mexico |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=94 |issue=6 |pages=1191–1201 |doi=10.1017/jpa.2020.64 |bibcode=2020JPal...94.1191O |s2cid=222231771 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Ortiz-Caballero, Jiménez-Hidalgo & Bravo-Cuevas
| Oligocene ([[Earth:Arikareean|Arikareean]])
|
| {{Flag|Mexico}}
| A gopher.
|
|-
| ''Gregorymys montanus''<ref name=Argaleogaulus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth & Kron
|
| Troublesome
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
| A gopher.
|
|-
| ''Gregorymys tavenneri''<ref name=ACM862>{{Cite journal|author1=Jonathan J.M. Calede |author2=Donald L. Rasmussen |year=2020 |title=New gophers (Rodentia: Geomyidae) from the Cabbage Patch beds of Montana (Renova Formation) and the phylogenetic relationships within Entoptychinae |journal=Annals of Carnegie Museum |volume=86 |issue=2 |pages=107–167 |doi=10.2992/007.086.0202 |s2cid=225460232 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Calede & Rasmussen
| [[Earth:Arikareean|Arikareean]]
| Renova
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Montana}})
| A gopher.
|
|-
| ''Harrymys cyanothos''<ref name=Argaleogaulus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth & Kron
|
| Troublesome
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
| A member of the family Heteromyidae.
|
|-
| ''Harrymys taussigi''<ref name=Argaleogaulus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth & Kron
|
| Troublesome
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
| A member of the family Heteromyidae.
|
|-
| ''Honeymys''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Robert A. Martin |author2=Pablo Pelaez-Comopomanes |author3=Christophe Ronez |author4=Franck Barbiere |author5=Thomas S. Kelly |author6=Everett H. Lindsay |author7=Jon A. Baskin |author8=Nicholas J. Czaplewski |author9=Ulyses F. Pardisinas |year=2020 |title=A new genus of cricetid rodent (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from the Clarendonian (late Miocene) of North America and a consideration of sigmodontine origins |journal=Paludicola |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=298–329 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340772243 }}</ref>
| Gen. et comb. nov
| Valid
| Martin ''et al.''
| Miocene ([[Earth:Clarendonian|Clarendonian]])
|
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Nebraska}}<br>{{Flag|Nevada}}<br>{{Flag|Oklahoma}})
| A member of the family [[Biology:Cricetidae|Cricetidae]], possibly belonging to the subfamily [[Biology:Sigmodontinae|Sigmodontinae]]; a new genus for ''"Copemys" mariae'' Baskin & Korth (1996). Genus also includes ''"Copemys" esmeraldensis'' Clark, Dawson & Wood (1964).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Thomas S. Kelly |author2=Robert A. Martin |author3=Christophe Ronez |year=2020 |title=New records of cricetid rodents from the medial Clarendonian (middle Miocene) Esmeralda Formation, Fish Lake Valley, Nevada |journal=Paludicola |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=1–32 }}</ref>
|
|-
| ''Huerzelerimys asiaticus''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ban-Yue Wang |author2=Zhan-Xiang Qiu |author3=Lü-Zhou Li |year=2020 |title=A Late Miocene ''Huerzelerimys'' (Rodentia: Muridae) skull from Hezheng, Gansu, China |journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica |volume=58 |issue=2 |pages=120–133 |doi=10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.200319 |doi-broken-date=2024-02-01 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Wang, Qiu & Li
| Late Miocene
| Liushu
| {{Flag|China}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Muridae|Muridae]] belonging to the subfamily [[Biology:Murinae|Murinae]]
|
|-
| ''Hystrix brevirostra''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ban-Yue Wang |author2=Zhan-Xiang Qiu |year=2020 |title=New ''Hystrix'' (Hystricidae, Rodentia) from the Neogene of Linxia Basin, Gansu, China |journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=204–220 |doi=10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.200514 |doi-broken-date=2024-02-01 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Wang & Qiu
| Late Miocene and early Pliocene
| Hewangjia<br>Liushu
| {{Flag|China}}
| A species of ''[[Biology:Hystrix (mammal)|Hystrix]]''.
|
|-
| ''Luantus sompallwei''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Andrés Solórzano |author2=Alfonso Encinas |author3=Alejandro Kramarz |author4=Gabriel Carrasco |author5=Germán Montoya-Sanhueza |author6=René Bobe |year=2020 |title=Late early Miocene caviomorph rodents from Laguna del Laja (~37° S), Cura-Mallín Formation, south-central Chile |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |volume=102 |pages=Article 102658 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102658 |bibcode=2020JSAES.10202658S |s2cid=219783349 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| In press
| Solórzano ''et al.''
| Miocene
| [[Earth:Cura-Mallín Group|Cura-Mallín]]
| {{Flag|Chile}}
| A member of [[Biology:Caviomorpha|Caviomorpha]].
| 
|-
| ''Namaphiomys''<ref name=Namaphiomys>{{Cite journal|author=Martin Pickford |year=2020 |title=Two new rodents (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the late middle Eocene of Eocliff, Namibia |journal=Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia |volume=22 |pages=21–46 |url=http://www.mme.gov.na/files/publications/31c_Comms%20GSN%2022_2,%20Pickford,%20Rodents%20from%20Sperrgebiet,%2021-46.pdf }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Pickford
| [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
|
| {{Flag|Namibia}}
| A member of [[Biology:Phiomorpha|Phiomorpha]] of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is ''N. scopulus''.
|
|-
| ''Oregonomys perilaccos''<ref name=Argaleogaulus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth & Kron
|
| Troublesome
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
| A member of the family Heteromyidae.
|
|-
| ''Paraethomys baeticus''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Pedro Piñero |author2=Diego H. Verzi |year=2020 |title=A new early Pliocene murine rodent from the Iberian Peninsula and its biostratigraphic implications |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=65 |issue=4 |pages=719–731 |doi=10.4202/app.00755.2020 |s2cid=229378522 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Piñero & Verzi
| Pliocene (Ruscinian)
| Baza
| {{Flag|Spain}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Muridae|Muridae]] belonging to the subfamily [[Biology:Murinae|Murinae]].
| 
|-
| ''Pareumys flynni''<ref name=PBSW1331Korth>{{cite journal |author=William W. Korth |year=2020 |title=New material of fossil rodents (Mammalia) from the Eocene (Bridgerian-Uintan) Washakie Formation, southcentral Wyoming |journal=Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington |volume=133 |issue=1 |pages=18–34 |doi=10.2988/19-00011 |s2cid=219442645 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth
| [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]] ([[Earth:Bridgerian North American Stage|Bridgerian]] and [[Earth:Uintan|Uintan]])
| [[Earth:Washakie Formation|Washakie]]
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Wyoming}})
| A member of the family Cylindrodontidae.
|
|-
| ''Pareumys muffleri''<ref name=Paludicola124Lofgrenetal />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Lofgren ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
|
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Montana}})
|
|
|-
| ''Pauromys turnbulli''<ref name=PBSW1331Korth />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth
| [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]] (Uintan)
| [[Earth:Washakie Formation|Washakie]]
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Wyoming}})
| A member of the family Sciuravidae.
|
|-
| ''Perasciuravus''<ref>{{Cite journal|author=William W. Korth |year=2020 |title=A new sciuravid rodent (Mammalia) from the early Eocene (Bridgerian) and the sciuravid-eomyid transition |journal=Annals of Carnegie Museum |volume=86 |issue=2 |pages=197–205 |doi=10.2992/007.086.0204 |s2cid=221348410 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth
| Eocene ([[Earth:Bridgerian North American Stage|Bridgerian]])
| Washakie
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Wyoming}})
| A member of the family Sciuravidae. Genus includes new species ''P. mcintoshi''.
|
|-
| ''Petaurista tetyukhensis''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Mikhail P. Tiunov |author2=Dmitryi O. Gimranov |year=2020 |title=The first fossil ''Petaurista'' (Mammalia: Sciuridae) from the Russian Far East and its paleogeographic significance |journal=Palaeoworld |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=176–181 |doi=10.1016/j.palwor.2019.05.007 |hdl=10995/92658 |s2cid=189990679 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Tiunov & Gimranov
| [[Earth:Late Pleistocene|Late Pleistocene]]
| 
| {{Flag|Russia}}
| A species of ''[[Biology:Petaurista|Petaurista]]''. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.
| 
|-
| ''Pleurolicus compressus''<ref name=Argaleogaulus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth & Kron
|
| Troublesome
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
| A gopher.
|
|-
| ''Pleurolicus gwinni''<ref name=ACM862 />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Calede & Rasmussen
| Arikareean
| Renova
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Montana}})
| A gopher.
|
|-
| ''Pleurolicus mensae''<ref name=Argaleogaulus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth & Kron
|
| Troublesome
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
| A gopher.
|
|-
| ''Pleurolicus nelsoni''<ref name=ACM862 />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Calede & Rasmussen
| Arikareean
| Renova
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Montana}})
| A gopher.
|
|-
| ''Pleurolicus rensbergeri''<ref name=ACM862 />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Calede & Rasmussen
| Arikareean
| Renova
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Montana}})
| A gopher.
|
|-
| ''Protospermophilus parvus''<ref name=Argaleogaulus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth & Kron
|
| Troublesome
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
| A member of the family Sciuridae.
|
|-
| ''Pseudocylindrodon yihesubuensis''<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Qian Li |year=2020 |title=New late Eocene cylindrodontid rodents from the Erlian Basin (Nei Mongol, China) |journal=Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments |volume=100 |issue=4 |pages=1083–1094 |doi=10.1007/s12549-020-00424-5 |s2cid=220325004 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2020PdPe..100.1083L }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Li
| Late [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
| Erlian Basin
| {{Flag|China}}
| A member of the family Cylindrodontidae.
| 
|-
| ''Rupestromys''<ref name=Namaphiomys />
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Pickford
| Eocene
|
| {{Flag|Namibia}}
| A member of Phiomorpha of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is ''R. brevirostris''.
|
|-
| ''Schizodontomys bareia''<ref name=Argaleogaulus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth & Kron
|
| Troublesome
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
| A member of the family Heteromyidae.
|
|-
| ''Spermophilinus kumkolensis''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Qiang Li |author2=Xinying Zhou |author3=Xijun Ni |author4=Bihong Fu |author5=Tao Deng |year=2020 |title=Latest Middle Miocene fauna and flora from Kumkol Basin of northern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and paleoenvironment |journal=Science China Earth Sciences |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=188–201 |doi=10.1007/s11430-019-9521-8 |bibcode=2020ScChD..63..188L |s2cid=207990767 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Li ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Middle Miocene|Middle Miocene]]
| Shimagou
| {{Flag|China}}
| A member of the family Sciuridae belonging to the subfamily [[Biology:Sciurinae|Sciurinae]]. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.
| 
|-
| ''Thisbemys intermedius''<ref>{{cite journal |author=William W. Korth |year=2020 |title=The Eocene ischyromyid rodent ''Thisbemys'' from the Washakie Formation, Wyoming (early Eocene, late Bridgerian) with comments on the systematics of the genus |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=94 |issue=6 |pages=1180–1190 |doi=10.1017/jpa.2020.37 |bibcode=2020JPal...94.1180K |s2cid=222231682 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth
| Bridgerian
| Washakie
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Wyoming}})
| A member of the family Ischyromyidae.
| 
|-
| ''Thryonomys kamulai''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Yoshiki Tanabe |author2=Mayu Onodera |author3=Masato Nakatsukasa |author4=Yutaka Kunimatsu |author5=Hideo Nakaya |year=2020 |title=A new cane rat (Rodentia, Thryonomyidae) from the Upper Miocene Nakali Formation, northern Kenya |journal=The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan |volume=126 |issue=4 |pages=167–181 |doi=10.5575/geosoc.2020.0002 |s2cid=226088823 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Tanabe ''et al.''
| Late Miocene
| Nakali
| {{Flag|Kenya}}
| A [[Biology:Cane rat|cane rat]].
| 
|-
| ''Uromys aplini''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jonathan Cramb |author2=Scott A. Hocknull |author3=Gilbert J. Price |year=2020 |title=Fossil ''Uromys'' (Rodentia: Murinae) from central Queensland, with a description of a new Middle Pleistocene species |journal=Records of the Australian Museum |volume=72 |issue=5 |pages=175–191 |doi=10.3853/j.2201-4349.72.2020.1731 |s2cid=229456663 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Cramb, Hocknull & Price
| Middle [[Earth:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]]
|
| {{Flag|Australia}}
| A species of ''[[Biology:Uromys|Uromys]]''.
|
|-
|}

====Rodentian research====
* Description of new fossil material of ''Cephalomys arcidens'' from the [[Earth:Deseadan|Deseadan]] locality of Cabeza Blanca ({{wipe|Argentina}}), and a study on the species belonging to the genus ''Cephalomys'' and on the phylogenetic relationships of [[Biology:Cephalomyidae|cephalomyids]], is published by Busker, Dozo & Soto (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Felipe Busker |author2=María Teresa Dozo |author3=Ignacio María Soto |year=2020 |title=New remains of ''Cephalomys arcidens'' (Rodentia, Caviomorpha) and a redefinition of the enigmatic Cephalomyidae |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=18 |issue=19 |pages=1589–1629 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2020.1796833 |bibcode=2020JSPal..18.1589B |s2cid=225308634 }}</ref>
* A study on brain anatomy and size in ''Neoepiblema acreensis'' is published by Ferreira ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=José D. Ferreira |author2=Francisco R. Negri |author3=Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra |author4=Leonardo Kerber |year=2020 |title=Small within the largest: brain size and anatomy of the extinct ''Neoepiblema acreensis'', a giant rodent from the Neotropics |journal=Biology Letters |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=Article ID 20190914 |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2019.0914 |pmc=7058952 |s2cid=211228166 }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the auditory region of the skull of ''Prospaniomys priscus'' is published by Arnaudo, Arnal & Ekdale (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=María E. Arnaudo |author2=Michelle Arnal |author3=Eric G. Ekdale |year=2020 |title=The auditory region of a caviomorph rodent (Hystricognathi) from the early Miocene of Patagonia (South America) and evolutionary considerations |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=e1777557 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1777557 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E7557A |s2cid=222210286 }}</ref>
* A study on the locomotor agility of fossil ischyromyid, sciurid and aplodontid rodents, as inferred from the anatomy of the semicircular canals in their inner ear, is published by Bhagat, Bertrand & Silcox (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Raj Bhagat |author2=Ornella C. Bertrand |author3=Mary T. Silcox |year=2020 |title=Evolution of arboreality and fossoriality in squirrels and aplodontid rodents: Insights from the semicircular canals of fossil rodents |journal=Journal of Anatomy |volume=238 |issue=1 |pages=96–112 |doi=10.1111/joa.13296 |pmid=32812227 |pmc=7754939 }}</ref>
* A study on a specimen of ''[[Biology:Ischyromys|Ischyromys]] douglassi'' from the [[Earth:White River Formation|White River Formation]] of West Canyon Creek (Wyoming, {{wipe|United States}}), representing the oldest and most complete articulated skeleton yet known of ''Ischyromys'', is published by Rankin, Emry & Asher (2020), who report that this specimen exhibits anatomical sciuromorphy, and evaluate its implications for the knowledge of jaw musculature evolution in rodents.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Aime H. Rankin |author2=Robert J. Emry |author3=Robert J. Asher |year=2020 |title=Anatomical sciuromorphy in "protrogomorph" rodents |journal=Palaeontologia Electronica |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=Article number 23(2):a25 |doi=10.26879/1049 |s2cid=219508626 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the locomotor behavior of ''[[Biology:Paramys|Paramys]] delicatus'' is published by Prufrock, Ruff & Rose (2020), who also attempt to determine the body mass of ''P. delicatus'' and other early North American paramyines.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Kristen A. Prufrock |author2=Christopher B. Ruff |author3=Kenneth D. Rose |year=2020 |title=Locomotor behavior and body mass of ''Paramys delicatus'' (Ischyromyidae, Rodentia) and commentary on other early North American paramyines |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=435–456 |doi=10.1007/s10914-020-09523-8 |s2cid=228806542 }}</ref>
* A study on the morphology of the skull of the [[Biology:Endemism|endemic]] dormouse ''Leithia melitensis'' from the Pleistocene of [[Place:Sicily|Sicily]] is published by Hennekam ''et al.'' (2020), who present a composite digital model of the skull of this rodent.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jesse J. Hennekam |author2=Victoria L. Herridge |author3=Loïc Costeur |author4=Carolina Di Patti |author5=Philip G. Cox |year=2020 |title=Virtual cranial reconstruction of the endemic gigantic dormouse ''Leithia melitensis'' (Rodentia, Gliridae) from Poggio Schinaldo, Sicily |journal=Open Quaternary |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=Article 7 |doi=10.5334/oq.79 |s2cid=221868671 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the evolution of [[Biology:Island gigantism|island gigantism]] in fossil dormice from [[Place:Sicily|Sicily]] and the Balearic Islands is published by Hennekam ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jesse J. Hennekam |author2=Roger B. J. Benson |author3=Victoria L. Herridge |author4=Nathan Jeffery |author5=Enric Torres-Roig |author6=Josep Antoni Alcover |author7=Philip G. Cox |year=2020 |title=Morphological divergence in giant fossil dormice |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=287 |issue=1938 |pages=Article ID 20202085 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2020.2085 |pmid=33143584 |pmc=7735280 |s2cid=226238418 |url=http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/166750/1/Hennekam_et_al_Proc_B_final.pdf }}</ref>
* A study on the diet of Pliocene beavers belonging to the genus ''[[Biology:Dipoides|Dipoides]]'' from the High Arctic Beaver Pond fossil locality (Ellesmere Island, {{wipe|Canada}}), aiming to determine whether early woodcutting behaviour of beavers was driven by nutritional needs, is published by Plint ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Tessa Plint |author2=Fred J. Longstaffe |author3=Ashley Ballantyne |author4=Alice Telka |author5=Natalia Rybczynski |year=2020 |title=Evolution of woodcutting behaviour in Early Pliocene beaver driven by consumption of woody plants |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 13111 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-70164-1 |pmid=32753594 |pmc=7403313 |bibcode=2020NatSR..1013111P }}</ref>
* Partial mitochondrial genome of the extinct beaver ''[[Biology:Castoroides|Castoroides]]'' is reported by Xenikoudakis ''et al.'' (2020), who evaluate the implications of this finding for the knowledge of the origin of aquatic behavior of beavers.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Georgios Xenikoudakis |author2=Mayeesha Ahmed |author3=Jacob Colt Harris |author4=Rachel Wadleigh |author5=Johanna L.A. Paijmans |author6=Stefanie Hartmann |author7=Axel Barlow |author8=Heather Lerner |author9=Michael Hofreiter |year=2020 |title=Ancient DNA reveals twenty million years of aquatic life in beavers |journal=Current Biology |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=R110–R111 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2019.12.041 |pmid=32017876 |s2cid=211019241 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the skeleton of ''Copemys loxodon'' is published by Ronez, Martin & Pardiñas (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Christophe Ronez |author2=Robert A. Martin |author3=Ulyses F. J. Pardiñas |year=2020 |title=Morphological revision of ''Copemys loxodon'', type species of the Miocene cricetid ''Copemys'' (Mammalia, Rodentia): a key to understanding the history of New World cricetids |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=e1772273 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1772273 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E2273R |s2cid=222210657 }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of ''[[Biology:Megaoryzomys|Megaoryzomys]] curioi'' is published by Ronez ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Christophe Ronez |author2=Jorge Brito |author3=Rainer Hutterer |author4=Robert A. Martin |author5=Ulyses F. J. Pardiñas |year=2020 |title=Tribal allocation and biogeographical significance of one of the largest sigmodontine rodent, the extinct Galápagos ''Megaoryzomys'' (Cricetidae) |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=33 |issue=9 |pages=1920–1932 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2020.1752202 |s2cid=219054139 }}</ref>
* A study aiming to determine whether insularity might have affected bone metabolism in Late Quaternary murine rodents from Timor is published by Miszkiewicz ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Justyna J. Miszkiewicz |author2=Julien Louys |author3=Robin M. D. Beck |author4=Patrick Mahoney |author5=Ken Aplin |author6=Sue O'Connor |year=2020 |title=Island rule and bone metabolism in fossil murines from Timor |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=129 |issue=3 |pages=570–586 |doi=10.1093/biolinnean/blz197 |url=http://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/56252/1/BJLS-6148.R3.pdf }}</ref>

===Other euarchontoglires===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name !! Novelty !! Status !! Authors !! Age !! Type locality !! Country !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ''Alilepus spassovi''<ref>{{cite journal |author=Sevket Sen |year=2020 |title=Lagomorphs (Mammalia) from the early Pliocene of Dorkovo, Bulgaria |journal=Fossil Imprint |volume=76 |issue=1 |pages=99–117 |doi=10.37520/fi.2020.007 |s2cid=229224889 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Sen
| Early Pliocene
| Chepino Basin
| {{Flag|Bulgaria}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Leporidae|Leporidae]].
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Chiromyoides|Chiromyoides kesiwah]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=K. Christopher Beard |author2=Matthew F. Jones |author3=Nicholas A. Thurber |author4=Oscar Sanisidro |year=2020 |title=Systematics and paleobiology of ''Chiromyoides'' (Mammalia, Plesiadapidae) from the upper Paleocene of western North America and western Europe |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=6 |pages=e1730389 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1730389 |s2cid=219070956 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Beard ''et al.''
| [[Biology:Tiffanian|Tiffanian]]
| 
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Wyoming}})
| A member of the family [[Biology:Plesiadapidae|Plesiadapidae]].
| 
|-
| ''Tonomochota''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Mikhail P. Tiunov |author2=Alexander E. Gusev |year=2020 |title=A new extinct ochotonid genus from the late Pleistocene of the Russian Far East |journal=Palaeoworld |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=562–572 |doi=10.1016/j.palwor.2020.08.003 }}</ref>
| Gen. et 3 sp. nov
| Valid
| Tiunov & Gusev
| Late [[Earth:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]]
| 
| {{Flag|Russia}}
| A pika. Genus includes new species ''T. khasanensis'', ''T. sikhotana'' and ''T. major''. Announced in 2020; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2021.
|
|-
|}

====Miscellaneous euarchontoglires research====
* Virtual [[Biology:Endocast|endocast]] of the [[Biology:Crown group#Stem groups|stem]] [[Biology:Lagomorpha|lagomorph]] ''Megalagus turgidus'' is reconstructed by López-Torres ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Sergi López-Torres |author2=Ornella C. Bertrand |author3=Madlen M. Lang |author4=Mary T. Silcox |author5=Łucja Fostowicz-Frelik |year=2020 |title=Cranial endocast of the stem lagomorph ''Megalagus'' and brain structure of basal Euarchontoglires |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=287 |issue=1929 |pages=Article ID 20200665 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2020.0665 |pmid=32576117 |pmc=7329053 }}</ref>
* Description of new fossil material of ''Arnebolagus leporinus'' from the Eocene Naran Bulak Formation (Mongolia) and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of this taxon is published by Lopatin & Averianov (2020), who name new clades Eulagomorpha and Epilagomorpha.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Alexey V. Lopatin |author2=Alexander O. Averianov |year=2020 |title=''Arnebolagus'', the oldest eulagomorph, and phylogenetic relationships within the Eocene Eulagomorpha new clade (Mammalia, Duplicidentata) |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=95 |issue=2 |pages=394–405 |doi=10.1017/jpa.2020.94 |s2cid=229501491 }}</ref>
* A study on the body mass, [[Biology:Eco-evolutionary dynamics|eco-evolutionary dynamics]] and adaptations to insular conditions in fossil pikas ''Prolagus apricenicus'' and ''[[Biology:Prolagus imperialis|Prolagus imperialis]]'' is published by Moncunill-Solé (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author=Blanca Moncunill-Solé |year=2020 |title=Eco-evolutionary adaptations of ochotonids (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) to islands: new insights into Late Miocene pikas from the Gargano palaeo-archipelago (Italy) |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=132 |issue=2 |pages=400–413 |doi=10.1093/biolinnean/blaa157 }}</ref>
* A study on the morphology of teeth and likely dietary ecology of the fossil treeshrews ''Prodendrogale yunnanica'' and ''Ptilocercus kylin'' is published by Selig ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Keegan R. Selig |author2=Eric J. Sargis |author3=Stephen G.B. Chester |author4=Mary T. Silcox |year=2020 |title=Using three-dimensional geometric morphometric and dental topographic analyses to infer the systematics and paleoecology of fossil treeshrews (Mammalia, Scandentia) |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=94 |issue=6 |pages=1202–1212 |doi=10.1017/jpa.2020.36 |bibcode=2020JPal...94.1202S |s2cid=222231667 }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the skull of ''[[Biology:Microsyops|Microsyops]] annectens'' is published by Silcox, Gunnell & Bloch (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Mary T. Silcox |author2=Gregg F. Gunnell |author3=Jonathan I. Bloch |year=2020 |title=Cranial anatomy of ''Microsyops annectens'' (Microsyopidae, Euarchonta, Mammalia) from the middle Eocene of Northwestern Wyoming |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=94 |issue=5 |pages=979–1006 |doi=10.1017/jpa.2020.24 |bibcode=2020JPal...94..979S |s2cid=219746231 }}</ref>

==Xenarthrans==
===Cingulata===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
!Name 
!Novelty
!Status
!Authors
!Age
!Type locality
!Country
!Notes
!Images
|-
|
''Chlamydophractus''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Daniel Barasoain |author2=Rodrigo L. Tomassini |author3=Alfredo E. Zurita |author4=Claudia I. Montalvo |author5=Mariella Superina |year=2020 |title=A new fairy armadillo (Cingulata, Chlamyphorinae) from the upper Miocene of Argentina: first fossil record of the most enigmatic Xenarthra |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=5 |pages=e1716778 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1716778 |s2cid=215756214 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Daniel Barasoain |author2=Rodrigo L. Tomassini |author3=Alfredo E. Zurita |author4=Claudia I. Montalvo |author5=Mariella Superina |year=2020 |title=''Chlamydophractus'', new name for ''Chlamyphractus'' Barasoain et al., 2020 (Xenarthra, Chlamyphorinae), non ''Chlamyphractus'' Castellanos, 1940 (Xenarthra, Glyptodontidae) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=e1774890 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1774890 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E4890B |s2cid=222210984 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Barasoain ''et al.''
|
Late Miocene
|
Arroyo Chasicó Formation
|
{{Flag|Argentina}}
|
A [[Biology:Chlamyphorinae|fairy armadillo]].<br/>The type species is ''C. dimartinoi''.
| 
|-
|
''[[Biology:Glyptodon|Glyptodon jatunkhirkhi]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Francisco Cuadrelli |author2=Alfredo E. Zurita |author3=Pablo Toriño |author4=Ángel R. Miño-Boilini |author5=Daniel Perea |author6=Carlos A. Luna |author7=David D. Gillette |author8=Omar Medina |year=2020 |title=A new species of glyptodontine (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Glyptodontidae) from the Quaternary of the Eastern Cordillera, Bolivia: phylogeny and palaeobiogeography |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=18 |issue=18 |pages=1543–1566 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2020.1784300 |bibcode=2020JSPal..18.1543C |s2cid=221064742 }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
| 
Valid
|
Cuadrelli ''et al.''
|
Quaternary
|
|
{{Flag|Bolivia}}
|
|
|-
|
''[[Biology:Panochthus|Panochthus florensis]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Luciano Brambilla |author2=Paula Lopez |author3=Horacio Parent |year=2020 |title=A new species of ''Panochthus'' (Xenarthra, Glyptodontidae) from the late Pleistocene of Argentina |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |volume=104 |pages=Article 102871 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102871 |bibcode=2020JSAES.10402871B |s2cid=225006050 }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
In press
|
Brambilla, Lopez & Parent
|
Late Pleistocene
|
|
{{Flag|Argentina}}
|
A [[Biology:Glyptodont|glyptodont]].
|
|-
|
''[[Biology:Prozaedyus|Prozaedyus scillatoyanei]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Daniel Barasoain |author2=Víctor H. Contreras |author3=Rodrigo L. Tomassini |author4=Alfredo E. Zurita |year=2020 |title=A new pygmy armadillo (Cingulata, Euphractinae) from the late Miocene of Andean Argentina reveals an unexpected evolutionary history of the singular ''Prozaedyus'' lineage |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |volume=100 |pages=Article 102589 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102589 |bibcode=2020JSAES.10002589B |s2cid=216325272 }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Barasoain ''et al.''
|
Miocene ([[Earth:Chasicoan|Chasicoan]])
|
Loma de Las Tapias Formation
|
{{Flag|Argentina}}
|
An armadillo belonging to the subfamily [[Biology:Euphractinae|Euphractinae]].
| 
|-
|}

====Cingulatan research====
*[[Biology:Osteoderm|Osteoderm]]s from three Brazilian ''Holmesina cryptae'' specimens are reported showing lesions of possible ectoparasitic origin, and similar to lesions created by Tungidae fleas.<ref name="fleas2020">{{cite journal |last1=Nascimento |first1=C. S. I. |last2=Moura |first2=J. F. |last3=Robbi |first3=B. |last4=Fernandes |first4=M. A. |title=Lesions in osteoderms of pampatheres (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Cingulata) possibly caused by fleas |journal=Acta Tropica |date=2020 |volume=211 |issue=105614 |page=105614 |doi=10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105614|pmid=32621936 |s2cid=220348383 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

===Pilosa===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
!Name 
!Novelty
!Status
!Authors
!Age
!Type locality
!Country
!Notes
!Images
|-
|
''[[Biology:Magdalenabradys|Magdalenabradys]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ascanio D. Rincón |author2=H. Gregory McDonald |year=2020 |title=Reexaminación de las relaciones de ''Pseudoprepotherium'' Hoffstetter, 1961, con los perezosos terrestres Mylodontidos del Mioceno del Norte de América del Sur |journal=Revista Geológica de América Central |volume=63 |url=https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/geologica/article/view/43889 |doi=10.15517/rgac.v62i0.41278 |doi-broken-date=31 January 2024 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et comb. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Rincón & McDonald
|
Miocene ([[Earth:Laventan|Laventan]] to [[Biology:Huayquerian|Huayquerian]])
|
[[Earth:Urumaco Formation|Urumaco Formation]]<br>Villavieja Formation
|
{{Flag|Colombia}}<br>{{Flag|Venezuela}}
|
A [[Biology:Mylodontidae|Mylodontidae]] sloth.<br/> The type species is ''"Pseudoprepotherium" confusum'' Hirschfeld (1985)<br/> genus also includes new species ''M. kolossiaia''.
|
|-
|
''[[Biology:Sibotherium|Sibotherium]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ascanio D. Rincón |author2=Ana L. Valerio |author3=César Laurito |year=2020 |title=Primer registro fósil de un Megatheriidae-Megatheriinae para el Hemphilliano (Mioceno Tardío) de San Gerardo de Limoncito, Formación Curré, Costa Rica |journal=Revista Geológica de América Central |volume=62 |pages=1–24 |url=https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/geologica/article/view/41278 |doi=10.15517/rgac.v62i0.41278 |doi-broken-date=31 January 2024 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Rincón, Valerio & Laurito
|
Miocene ([[Biology:Hemphillian|Hemphillian]])
|
[[Earth:Curré Formation|Curré Formation]]
|
{{Flag|Costa Rica}}
|
A [[Biology:Megatheriidae|Megatheriidae]] sloth.<br/> The type species is ''S. ka''.
|
|-
|
''[[Biology:Xibalbaonyx|Xibalbaonyx exinferis]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Sarah R. Stinnesbeck |author2=Wolfgang Stinnesbeck |author3=Eberhard Frey |author4=Jerónimo Avilés Olguín |author5=Arturo González González  |year=2020 |title=''Xibalbaonyx exinferis'' n. sp. (Megalonychidae), a new Pleistocene ground sloth from the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=33 |issue=10 |pages= 1952–1963|doi=10.1080/08912963.2020.1754817 |s2cid=219425309 }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
In press
|
Stinnesbeck ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]]
|
|
{{Flag|Mexico}}
|
A [[Biology:Megalonychidae|Megalonychidae]] sloth.
| 
|-
|}

====Pilosan research====
* A study on the anatomy of the skull of ''[[Biology:Pronothrotherium|Pronothrotherium]] typicum'', and on the validity of the species assigned to the genus ''Pronothrotherium'', is published by Gaudin ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Timothy J. Gaudin |author2=Susan Tuckniss |author3=Alberto Boscaini |author4=François Pujos |author5=Gerardo De Iuliis |year=2020 |title=Cranial osteology and taxonomy of ''Pronothrotherium'' (Xenarthra, Folivora, Nothrotheriidae) from the late Miocene–early Pliocene of Catamarca Province (Argentina) |journal=Publicación Electrónica de la Asociación Paleontológica Argentina |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=55–82 |doi=10.5710/PEAPA.04.09.2020.320 |s2cid=229275601 |doi-access=free |hdl=11336/138433 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* Barbosa ''et al.'' (2020) describe a [[Biology:Femur|femur]] of a specimen of ''[[Biology:Nothrotherium|Nothrotherium]] maquinense'' from the Lapa dos Peixes I cave ({{wipe|Brazil}}) affected by parosteal [[Medicine:Osteosarcoma|osteosarcoma]], representing the first case of cancer in a Quaternary non-human mammal reported so far.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Fernando H. de S. Barbosa |author2=Kleberson de O. Porpino |author3=Bruce M. Rothschild |author4=Rafael C. da Silva |author5=Domenico Capone |year=2020 |title=First cancer in an extinct Quaternary non-human mammal |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=33 |issue=11 |pages= 2878–2882|doi=10.1080/08912963.2020.1833001 |s2cid=228997075 }}</ref>
* A study on an assemblage of at least 22 specimens of ''[[Biology:Eremotherium|Eremotherium]] laurillardi'' from the Pleistocene locality Tanque Loma (Ecuador) is published by Lindsey ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret this assemblage as likely resulting from a mass mortality event, and evaluate its implications for the knowledge of the ecology of ground sloths.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Emily L. Lindsey |author2=Erick X. Lopez Reyes |author3=Gordon E. Matzke |author4=Karin A. Rice |author5=H. Gregory McDonald |year=2020 |title=A monodominant late-Pleistocene megafauna locality from Santa Elena, Ecuador: Insight on the biology and behavior of giant ground sloths |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=544 |pages=Article 109599 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109599 |bibcode=2020PPP...54409599L |s2cid=213408786 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Previously unreported postcranial material of the [[Biology:Holotype|holotype]] specimen of ''[[Biology:Xibalbaonyx|Xibalbaonyx]] oviceps'', providing information on the locomotion capabilities of this species, is described by Stinnesbeck ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Sarah R. Stinnesbeck |author2=Eberhard Frey |author3=Jerónimo Avilés Olguín |author4=Arturo González González |author5=Adriana Velázquez Morlet |author6=Wolfgang Stinnesbeck |year=2020 |title=Life and death of the ground sloth ''Xibalbaonyx oviceps'' from the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=33 |issue=11 |pages= 2610–2626|doi=10.1080/08912963.2020.1819998 |s2cid=224987707 }}</ref>
* A study on the external and internal anatomy of the skull of ''[[Biology:Catonyx|Catonyx]] tarijensis'' is published by Boscaini ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alberto Boscaini |author2=Dawid A. Iurino |author3=Bernardino Mamani Quispe |author4=Rubén Andrade Flores |author5=Raffaele Sardella |author6=François Pujos |author7=Timothy J. Gaudin |year=2020 |title=Cranial anatomy and paleoneurology of the extinct sloth ''Catonyx tarijensis'' (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the late Pleistocene of Oruro, southwestern Bolivia |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |volume=8 |pages=Article 69 |doi=10.3389/fevo.2020.00069 |s2cid=214807287 |doi-access=free |hdl=2434/959871 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the skeleton of the [[Biology:Manus (anatomy)|manus]] of ''[[Biology:Scelidotherium|Scelidotherium]]'', and on the phylogenetic relationships of this genus, is published by Nieto ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Gastón L. Nieto |author2=J. Augusto Haro |author3=H. Gregory McDonald |author4=Ángel R. Miño-Boilini |author5=Adan A. Tauber |author6=Jerónimo M. Krapovickas |author7=Maximiliano N. Fabianelli |author8=Federico M. Rosas |year=2020 |title=The skeleton of the manus of ''Scelidotherium'' (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) specimens from the Pleistocene of the Province of Córdoba, Argentina, and its systematic implications |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=221–243 |doi=10.1007/s10914-020-09520-x |s2cid=226319627 }}</ref>
* A study on a late Pleistocene assemblage of several individuals of ''[[Biology:Lestodon|Lestodon]] armatus'' from Playa del Barco site (Argentina), aiming to determine the origin of this assemblage and its implications for the knowledge of the biology of ''L. armatus'', is published by Tomassini ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Rodrigo L. Tomassini |author2=Claudia I. Montalvo |author3=Mariana C. Garrone |author4=Laura Domingo |author5=Jorge Ferigolo |author6=Laura E. Cruz |author7=Dánae Sanz-Pérez |author8=Yolanda Fernández-Jalvo |author9=Ignacio A. Cerda |year=2020 |title=Gregariousness in the giant sloth ''Lestodon'' (Xenarthra): multi-proxy approach of a bonebed from the Last Maximum Glacial of Argentine Pampas |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 10955 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-67863-0 |pmid=32616813 |pmc=7331707 |bibcode=2020NatSR..1010955T }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of ''[[Biology:Glossotherium|Glossotherium]] wegneri'' is published by De Iuliis ''et al.'' (2020), who argue against the recognition of ''[[Biology:Oreomylodon|Oreomylodon]]'' as a distinct genus.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Gerardo De Iuliis |author2=Alberto Boscaini |author3=François Pujos |author4=Robert K. McAfee |author5=Cástor Cartelle |author6=Leonard J. S. Tsuji |author7=Lorenzo Rook |year=2020 |title=On the status of the giant mylodontine sloth ''Glossotherium wegneri'' (Spillmann, 1931) (Xenarthra, Folivora) from the late Pleistocene of Ecuador |journal=Comptes Rendus Palevol |volume=19 |issue=12 |pages=215–232 |doi=10.5852/cr-palevol2020v19a12 |s2cid=231662042 |doi-access=free |hdl=2158/1222861 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
*A study testing the inhibitory cascade model on the evolution of the dentition of sloths is published by Varela ''et al''. (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Varela|first1=Luciano|last2=Tambusso|first2=P. Sebastián|last3=Fariña|first3=Richard A.|date=2020|title=Unexpected inhibitory cascade in the molariforms of sloths (Folivora, Xenarthra): a case study in xenarthrans honouring Gerhard Storch's open-mindedness|url=http://fi.nm.cz/clanek/unexpected-inhibitory-cascade-in-the-molariforms-of-sloths-folivora-xenarthra-a-case-study-in-xenarthrans-honouring-gerhard-storchs-open-mindedness/|journal=Fossil Imprint|language=en|volume=76|issue=1|pages=1–16|doi=10.37520/fi.2020.002|s2cid=229221581|issn=2533-4069|doi-access=free|hdl=20.500.12008/32355|hdl-access=free}}</ref>

===Other xenarthans===
====Miscellaneous xenarthan research====
* A [[Biology:Metacarpal bones|metacarpal]] of a member of Xenarthra of uncertain phylogenetic placement is reported from the Eocene [[Earth:La Meseta Formation|La Meseta Formation]] (Seymour Island) by Davis ''et al.'' (2020), supporting previously controversial reports of Xenarthra from [[Earth:Antarctica|Antarctica]].<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Sarah N. Davis |author2=Christopher R. Torres |author3=Grace M. Musser |author4=James V. Proffitt |author5=Nicholas M.A. Crouch |author6=Ernest L. Lundelius |author7=Matthew C. Lamanna |author8=Julia A. Clarke |year=2020 |title=New mammalian and avian records from the late Eocene La Meseta and Submeseta formations of Seymour Island, Antarctica |journal=PeerJ |volume=8 |pages=e8268 |doi=10.7717/peerj.8268 |pmid=31942255 |pmc=6955110 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

==Laurasiatherians==
===Chiroptera===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name
! Novelty
! Status
! Authors
! Age
! Type locality
! Country
! Notes
! Images
|-
|
''Cuvierimops penalveri''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Vicente D. Crespo |author2=Paloma Sevilla |author3=Plini Montoya |author4=Francisco J. Ruiz-Sánchez |year=2020 |title=A relict tropical forest bat assemblage from the early Miocene of the Ribesalbes-Alcora Basin (Castelló, Spain) |journal=Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh |volume=111 |issue=4 |pages=247–258 |doi=10.1017/S1755691020000122 |bibcode=2020EESTR.111..247C |s2cid=228836933 }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Crespo ''et al.''
|
Early Miocene
|
|
{{Flag|Spain}}
|
A [[Biology:Free-tailed bat|free-tailed bat]].
|
|-
|
''Macroderma handae''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Kyle N. Armstrong |author2=Ken Aplin |author3=Masaharu Motokawa |year=2020 |title=A new species of extinct False Vampire Bat (Megadermatidae: ''Macroderma'') from the Kimberley Region of Western Australia |journal=Records of the Australian Museum |volume=72 |issue=5 |pages=161–174 |doi=10.3853/j.2201-4349.72.2020.1732 |s2cid=229393042 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Aplin & Armstrong ''in'' Armstrong, Aplin & Motokawa
|
Pliocene or early [[Earth:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]]
|
|
{{Flag|Australia}}
|
|
|-
|
''Mops kerio''<ref name=Turkanycteris>{{Cite journal|author1=Gregg F. Gunnell |author2=Fredrick K. Manthi |year=2020 |title=Pliocene bats (Chiroptera) from Kanapoi, Turkana Basin, Kenya |journal=Journal of Human Evolution |volume=140 |pages=Article 102440 |doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.01.001 |pmid=29628118 |s2cid=206143059 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Gunnell & Manthi
|
Pliocene
|
Kanapoi site
|
{{Flag|Kenya}}
|
Announced in 2018; the final article version was published in 2020.
|
|-
|
''Mops turkwellensis''<ref name=Turkanycteris />
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Gunnell & Manthi
|
Pliocene
|
Kanapoi site
|
{{Flag|Kenya}}
|
Announced in 2018; the final article version was published in 2020.
|
|-
|
''Rousettus pattersoni''<ref name=Turkanycteris />
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Gunnell & Manthi
|
Pliocene
|
Kanapoi site
|
{{Flag|Kenya}}
|
Announced in 2018; the final article version was published in 2020.
|
|-
|
''Saccolaimus kenyensis''<ref name=Turkanycteris />
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Gunnell & Manthi
|
Pliocene
|
Kanapoi site
|
{{Flag|Kenya}}
|
Announced in 2018; the final article version was published in 2020.
|
|-
|
''Turkanycteris''<ref name=Turkanycteris />
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Gunnell & Manthi
|
Pliocene
|
Kanapoi site
|
{{Flag|Kenya}}
|
A very large [[Biology:Megabat|fruit bat]], larger than all extant fruit bats other than select ''[[Biology:Pteropus|Pteropus]]'' and ''Hypsignathus''.<br/> The type species is ''T. harrisi''.<br/> Announced in 2018; final article version published in 2020.
|
|-
|}

====Chiropteran research====
* Part of the [[Biology:Humerus|humerus]] of a large-bodied vampire bat (similar in body size to ''[[Biology:Desmodus draculae|Desmodus draculae]]'') is described from the late Pliocene or early Pleistocene asphalt-bearing deposit of El Breal de Orocual (Venezuela) by Czaplewski & Rincón (2020), representing one of the oldest vampire bats in the fossil record reported so far.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Nicholas J. Czaplewski |author2=Ascanio D. Rincón |year=2020 |title=A giant vampire bat (Phyllostomidae, Desmodontinae) from the Pliocene-Pleistocene El Breal de Orocual asphaltic deposits (tar pits), Venezuela |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=33 |issue=10 |pages= 2438–2443|doi=10.1080/08912963.2020.1800684 |s2cid=225351868 }}</ref>

===Notoungulates===
* Studies on the anatomy of the skull of ''[[Biology:Paedotherium|Paedotherium]]'' and ''[[Biology:Tremacyllus|Tremacyllus]]'', and on its implications for the knowledge of the paleobiology of these notoungulates, are published by Ercoli ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Marcos D. Ercoli |author2=Alicia Álvarez |author3=S. Rocío Moyano |author4=Dionisios Youlatos |author5=Adriana M. Candela |year=2020 |title=Tracing the paleobiology of ''Paedotherium'' and ''Tremacyllus'' (Pachyrukhinae, Notoungulata), the latest sciuromorph South American native ungulates – part I: snout and masticatory apparatus |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=377–409 |doi=10.1007/s10914-020-09516-7 |s2cid=225340842 |url=http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/136861 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Marcos D. Ercoli |author2=Alicia Álvarez |author3=Dionisios Youlatos |author4=S. Rocío Moyano |author5=Adriana M. Candela |year=2020 |title=Tracing the paleobiology of ''Paedotherium'' and ''Tremacyllus'' (Pachyrukhinae, Notoungulata), the latest sciuromorph South American native ungulates – part II: orbital, auditory, and occipito-cervical regions |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=411–433 |doi=10.1007/s10914-020-09518-5 |s2cid=224937422 |url=http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/134068 |hdl=11336/171631 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name !! Novelty !! Status !! Authors !! Age !! Type locality !! Country !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ''[[Biology:Archaeogaia|Archaeogaia]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ana Natalia Zimicz |author2=Mercedes Fernández |author3=Mariano Bond |author4=Laura Chornogubsky |author5=Michelle Arnal |author6=Magalí Cárdenas |author7=Juan Carlos Fernicola |year=2020 |title=''Archaeogaia macachaae'' gen. et sp. nov., one of the oldest Notoungulata Roth, 1903 from the early-middle Paleocene Mealla Formation (Central Andes, Argentina) with insights into the Paleocene-Eocene south American biochronology |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |volume=103 |pages=Article 102772 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102772 |bibcode=2020JSAES.10302772Z |s2cid=224862237 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| In press
| Zimicz ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Paleocene|Paleocene]]
| [[Earth:Mealla Formation|Mealla]]
| {{Flag|Argentina}}
| An early notoungulate. Genus includes new species ''A. macachaae''.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Juchuysillu|Juchuysillu]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Darin Andrew Croft |author2=Federico Anaya |year=2020 |title=A new typothere notoungulate (Mammalia: Interatheriidae), from the Miocene Nazareno Formation of southern Bolivia |journal=Ameghiniana |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=189–208 |doi=10.5710/AMGH.11.01.2020.3271 |s2cid=218764359 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Croft & Anaya
| Miocene
| Nazareno
| {{Flag|Bolivia}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Interatheriidae|Interatheriidae]]. Genus includes new species ''J. arenalesensis''.
| 
|-
| ''[[Biology:Teratopithecus|Teratopithecus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Guillermo Marcos López |author2=Javier Nicolas Gelfo |author3=Nicolás Ezequiel Bauzá |author4=Mariano Bond |author5=Marcelo Fabián Tejedor |year=2020 |title=Biochron and diversity of Archaeopithecidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) and a new genus and species from the Eocene of Patagonia, Argentina |journal=Ameghiniana |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=103–116 |doi=10.5710/AMGH.18.01.2020.3291 |s2cid=214155791 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| López ''et al.''
| Early [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
| [[Earth:Laguna del Hunco Formation|?Laguna del Hunco]]
| {{Flag|Argentina}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Archaeopithecidae|Archaeopithecidae]]. Genus includes new species ''T. elpidophoros''.
|
|-
|}

===Odd-toed ungulates===
* A study comparing changes of body mass of [[Biology:Ungulate|ungulate]]s belonging to the genera ''Lophiodon'' and ''[[Biology:Propalaeotherium|Propalaeotherium]]'' from the middle Eocene site of [[Earth:Geisel valley#Fossil record|Geiseltal]] ({{wipe|Germany}}) is published by Ring ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Simon J. Ring |author2=Hervé Bocherens |author3=Oliver Wings |author4=Márton Rabi |year=2020 |title=Divergent mammalian body size in a stable Eocene greenhouse climate |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 3987 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-60379-7 |pmid=32132560 |pmc=7055232 |bibcode=2020NatSR..10.3987R }}</ref>
* A study on the diet of lophialetid [[Biology:Tapiroidea|tapiroids]] from the Eocene of the Erlian Basin ({{wipe|China}}), as indicated by tooth wear, is published online by Gong ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Yan-Xin Gong |author2=Yuan-Qing Wang |author3=Fang-Yuan Mao |author4=Bin Bai |author5=Qian Li |author6=Hai-Bing Wang |author7=Xun Jin |author8=Jin Meng |year=2020 |title=Dietary reconstruction and palaeoecology of Eocene Lophialetidae (Mammalia: Tapiroidea) from the Erlian Basin of China: evidence from dental microwear |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=33 |issue=9 |pages= 1624–1635|doi=10.1080/08912963.2020.1722660 |s2cid=214372946 }}</ref>
* A study on the sexual dimorphism and body size of ''Plesiaceratherium gracile'' is published by Lu ''et al.'' (2020), who also present a reconstruction of the body of ''P. gracile''.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Xiaokang Lu |author2=Tao Deng |author3=Xiaoting Zheng |author4=Fuchang Li |year=2020 |title=Sexual dimorphism and body reconstruction of a hornless rhinocerotid, ''Plesiaceratherium gracile'', from the Early Miocene of the Shanwang Basin, Shandong, China |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |volume=8 |pages=Article 544076 |doi=10.3389/fevo.2020.544076 |s2cid=221839187 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Iurino ''et al.'' (2020) describe the braincase with a natural brain [[Biology:Endocast|endocast]] of a 12–18 months old rhinocerotine rhinoceros from the [[Earth:Middle Pleistocene|Middle Pleistocene]] site of Melpignano (Italy).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Dawid Adam Iurino |author2=Jacopo Conti |author3=Beniamino Mecozzi |author4=Raffaele Sardella |year=2020 |title=Braincase with natural endocast of a juvenile Rhinocerotinae from the late Middle Pleistocene site of Melpignano (Apulia, southern Italy) |journal=Frontiers in Earth Science |volume=8 |pages=Article 94 |doi=10.3389/feart.2020.00094 |bibcode=2020FrEaS...8...94I |s2cid=215769508 |doi-access=free |hdl=11573/1407553 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the demographic history of the [[Biology:Woolly rhinoceros|woolly rhinoceros]] leading up to its extinction, based on data from one complete nuclear genome and 14 mitogenomes, is published by Lord ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Edana Lord |author2=Nicolas Dussex |author3=Marcin Kierczak |author4=David Díez-del-Molino |author5=Oliver A. Ryder |author6=David W.G. Stanton |author7=M. Thomas P. Gilbert |author8=Fátima Sánchez-Barreiro |author9=Guojie Zhang |author10=Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding |author11=Eline D. Lorenzen |author12=Eske Willerslev |author13=Albert Protopopov |author14=Fedor Shidlovskiy |author15=Sergey Fedorov |author16=Hervé Bocherens |author17=Senthilvel K.S.S. Nathan |author18=Benoit Goossens |author19=Johannes van der Plicht |author20=Yvonne L. Chan |author21=Stefan Prost |author22=Olga Potapova |author23=Irina Kirillova |author24=Adrian M. Lister |author25=Peter D. Heintzman |author26=Joshua D. Kapp |author27=Beth Shapiro |author28=Sergey Vartanyan |author29=Anders Götherström |author30=Love Dalén |year=2020 |title=Pre-extinction demographic stability and genomic signatures of adaptation in the woolly rhinoceros |journal=Current Biology |volume=30 |issue=19 |pages=3871–3879.e7 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.046 |pmid=32795436 |s2cid=221114305 |doi-access=free |hdl=10037/20986 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* A study aiming to determine the diet of the woolly rhinoceros and ''Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis'' is published by Stefaniak ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Krzysztof Stefaniak |author2=Renata Stachowicz-Rybka |author3=Ryszard Krzysztof Borówka |author4=Anna Hrynowiecka |author5=Artur Sobczyk |author6=Magdalena Moskal-del Hoyo |author7=Adam Kotowski |author8=Dariusz Nowakowski |author9=Maciej T. Krajcarz |author10=Emmanuel M.E. Billia |author11=Davide Persico |author12=Elena M. Burkanova |author13=Sergey V. Leschinskiy |author14=Eline van Asperen |author15=Urszula Ratajczak |author16=Andrei V. Shpansky |author17=Małgorzata Lempart |author18=Bartosz Wach |author19=Monika Niska |author20=Jan van der Made |author21=Krzysztof Stachowicz |author22=Joanna Lenarczyk |author23=Jolanta Piątek |author24=Oleksandr Kovalchuk |year=2020 |title=Browsers, grazers or mix-feeders? Study of the diet of extinct Pleistocene Eurasian forest rhinoceros ''Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis'' (Jäger, 1839) and woolly rhinoceros ''Coelodonta antiquitatis'' (Blumenbach, 1799) |journal=Quaternary International |volume=605-606 |pages=192–212 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2020.08.039 |hdl=10261/255910 |s2cid=224984977 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* Revision of the fossil material of [[Biology:Hipparionini|hipparionines]] from the Miocene locality of Tizi N'Tadderht (Morocco) is published by Cirilli ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Omar Cirilli |author2=Samir Zouhri |author3=Siham El Boughabi |author4=Marco G. Benvenuti |author5=Mauro Papini |author6=Raymond Louis Bernor |author7=Lorenzo Rook |year=2020 |title=The hipparionine horses (Perissodactyla: Mammalia) from the Late Miocene of Tizi N'Tadderht (Southern Ouarzazate Basin; Central High Atlas; Morocco) |journal=Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia |volume=126 |issue=1 |pages=1–12 |doi=10.13130/2039-4942/12716 }}</ref>
* Catalano ''et al.'' (2020) reconstruct a near complete mitogenome of a specimen of ''[[Biology:European wild ass|Equus hydruntinus]]'' from San Teodoro Cave ([[Place:Sicily|Sicily]], Italy), and evaluate the implications of their findings for the knowledge of the phylogenetic relationships of this taxon.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Giulio Catalano |author2=Alessandra Modi |author3=Gabriella Mangano |author4=Luca Sineo |author5=Martina Lari |author6=Laura Bonfiglio |year=2020 |title=A mitogenome sequence of an ''Equus hydruntinus'' specimen from Late Quaternary site of San Teodoro Cave (Sicily, Italy) |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=236 |pages=Article 106280 |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106280 |bibcode=2020QSRv..23606280C |s2cid=218965304 }}</ref>
* A study on the geographical origin and mobility behavior of [[Biology:Rancholabrean|Rancholabrean]] horses from the La Cinta-Portalitos and La Piedad-Santa Ana sites (Mexico), as indicated by radiogenic strontium and stable oxygen isotope data from [[Biology:Tooth enamel|tooth enamel]], is published by Marín-Leyva ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alejandro Hiram Marín-Leyva |author2=Peter Schaaf |author3=Gabriela Solís-Pichardo |author4=Teodoro Hernández-Treviño |author5=María Luisa García-Zepeda |author6=Javier Ponce-Saavedra |author7=Joaquín Arroyo-Cabrales |author8=María Teresa Alberdi |year=2020 |title=Tracking origin, home range, and mobility of Late Pleistocene fossil horses from west-central Mexico |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |volume=105 |pages=Article 102926 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102926 |s2cid=225142250 }}</ref>
* A study on near-complete mitochondrial genomes retrieved from specimens of ''Equus dalianensis'' and [[Biology:Przewalski's horse|Przewalski's horse]] from Late Pleistocene strata in northeastern China, evaluating their implications for the knowledge of the phylogenetic relationships of these horses, is published by Yuan ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Junxia Yuan |author2=Guilian Sheng |author3=Michaela Preick |author4=Boyang Sun |author5=Xindong Hou |author6=Shungang Chen |author7=Ulrike Helene Taron |author8=Axel Barlow |author9=Linying Wang |author10=Jiaming Hu |author11=Tao Deng |author12=Xulong Lai |author13=Michael Hofreiter |year=2020 |title=Mitochondrial genomes of Late Pleistocene caballine horses from China belong to a separate clade |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=250 |pages=Article 106691 |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106691 |bibcode=2020QSRv..25006691Y |s2cid=228910400 |url=https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/41982/1/1397377_Barlow.pdf }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name !! Novelty !! Status !! Authors !! Age !! Type locality !! Country !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ''Amynodontopsis jiyuanensis''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Xiao-Yang Wang |author2=Yuan-Qing Wang |author3=Rui Zhang |author4=Zhong-Hui Zhang |author5=Xiao-Ling Liu |author6=Li-Ping Ren |year=2020 |title=A new species of ''Amynodontopsis'' (Perissodactyla: Amynodontidae) from the Middle Eocene of Jiyuan, Henan, China |journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=188–203 |doi=10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.200313 |doi-broken-date=2024-02-01 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Wang ''et al.''
| Middle [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
| Niezhuang
| {{Flag|China}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Amynodontidae|Amynodontidae]]
| 
|-
| ''"Dihoplus" bethlehemsis''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Luca Pandolfi |author2=Florent Rivals |author3=Rivka Rabinovich |year=2020 |title=A new species of rhinoceros from the site of Bethlehem: ''"Dihoplus" bethlehemsis'' sp. nov. (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) |journal=Quaternary International |volume=537 |pages=48–60 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2020.01.011 |bibcode=2020QuInt.537...48P |s2cid=213080180 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Pandolfi, Rivals & Rabinovich
| Pliocene
| 
| [[Place:Israel|Israel]]-[[Place:State of Palestine|Palestine]] water divide
| A rhinoceros
|
|-
|
''Ephyrachyus woodi''<ref name=Gobioceras />
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Bai ''et al.''
|
Early–middle Eocene
|
Arshanto
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
Possibly a member of the family [[Biology:Hyracodontidae|Hyracodontidae]].
|
|-
|
''Gobioceras''<ref name=Gobioceras />
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Junior homonym
|
Bai ''et al.''
|
Early Eocene
|
Arshanto
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
A relative of ''[[Biology:Forstercooperia|Forstercooperia]]''. The type species is ''G. wangi''. The generic name is preoccupied by ''Gobioceras'' Bogoslovskaya (1988).
|
|-
|
''[[Biology:Hyrachyus|Hyrachyus? tumidus]]''<ref name=Gobioceras />
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Bai ''et al.''
|
Early Eocene
|
Arshanto
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
A member of the family Hyrachyidae.
|
|-
|
''Iriritherium''<ref name=Iriritherium>{{cite journal |author=Martin Pickford | year = 2020 | title = Descriptive catalogue of Chalicotheriidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the early Miocene of Napak, Uganda | journal = Geo-Pal Uganda | volume = 15 | pages = 1–36 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Pickford
|
Early Miocene
|
|
{{Flag|Uganda}}
|
A [[Biology:Chalicothere|chalicothere]] belonging to the subfamily [[Biology:Chalicotheriinae|Chalicotheriinae]]. The type species is ''I. pyroclasticum''.
|
|-
| ''Mesaceratherium tschani''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Jérémy Tissier |author2=Pierre-Olivier Antoine |author3=Damien Becker |year=2020 |title=New material of ''Epiaceratherium'' and a new species of ''Mesaceratherium'' clear up the phylogeny of early Rhinocerotidae (Perissodactyla) |journal=Royal Society Open Science |volume=7 |issue=7 |pages=Article ID 200633 |doi=10.1098/rsos.200633 |pmid=32874655 |pmc=7428265 |bibcode=2020RSOS....700633T |s2cid=220515535 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Tissier, Antoine & Becker
| Late [[Earth:Oligocene|Oligocene]]
|
| {{Flag|Switzerland}}
| A rhinoceros.
| 
|-
| ''Rhodopagus guoi''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Marieke Paepen |author2=Hong Li |author3=Yan Sun |author4=Thierry Smith |year=2020 |title=A late early to early middle Eocene mammal assemblage from Bayan Ulan (Inner Mongolia, China): implication for the reassessment of the Arshantan Asian Land Mammal Age |journal=Geobios |volume=66–67 |pages=177–191 |doi=10.1016/j.geobios.2020.11.001 |hdl=1854/LU-8685269 |s2cid=229420087 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Paepen ''et al.''
| Eocene ([[Earth:Arshantan|Arshantan]])
| Arshanto
| {{Flag|China}}
| Announced in 2020; the final version of the article naming was published in 2021.
|
|-
|
''Triplopus? youjingensis''<ref name=Gobioceras />
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Bai ''et al.''
|
Early Eocene
|
Arshanto
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
A member of [[Biology:Rhinocerotoidea|Rhinocerotoidea]] of uncertain phylogenetic placement.
|
|-
|
''Winamia''<ref name=Iriritherium />
|
Nom. nov
|
Valid
|
Pickford
|
Early Miocene
|
|
{{Flag|Kenya}}
|
A chalicothere belonging to the subfamily Chalicotheriinae; a replacement name for ''Butleria'' de Bonis ''et al.'' (1995).
|
|-
|
''Yimengia chaganense''<ref name=Gobioceras>{{Cite journal|author1=Bin Bai |author2=Jin Meng |author3=Chi Zhang |author4=Yan-Xin Gong |author5=Yuan-Qing Wang |year=2020 |title=The origin of Rhinocerotoidea and phylogeny of Ceratomorpha (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) |journal=Communications Biology |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 509 |doi=10.1038/s42003-020-01205-8 |pmid=32929169 |pmc=7490376 }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Bai ''et al.''
|
Early Eocene
|
Arshanto
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
A member of Rhinocerotoidea of uncertain phylogenetic placement.
|
|-
|
''Yimengia magna''<ref name=Gobioceras />
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Bai ''et al.''
|
Early Eocene
|
Nomogen
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
A member of Rhinocerotoidea of uncertain phylogenetic placement.
|
|-
|}

===Even-toed ungulates===
* A systematic revision of the even-toed ungulate fauna from Aumelas and Saint-Martin-de-Londres localities ({{wipe|France}}), and a study on the implications of these ungulates for the knowledge of the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of early endemic even-toed ungulates from Europe, is published by Busker, Dozo & Soto (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Vincent Luccisano |author2=Jean Sudre |author3=Fabrice Lihoreau |year=2020 |title=Revision of the Eocene artiodactyls (Mammalia, Placentalia) from Aumelas and Saint-Martin-de-Londres (Montpellier limestones, Hérault, France) questions the early European artiodactyl radiation |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=18 |issue=19 |pages=1631–1656 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2020.1799253 |bibcode=2020JSPal..18.1631L |s2cid=221468663 }}</ref>
* New sample of isolated fossil auditory [[Medicine:Ossicles|ossicles]] of  [[Biology:Cainotheriidae|cainotheriids]] is reported from the [[Earth:Paleogene|Paleogene]] karstic infillings of Dams ({{wipe|France}}) by Assemat ''et al.'' (2020), who provide the first description of a reconstructed ossicular chain of ''Caenomeryx filholi''.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alexandre Assemat |author2=Mickaël J. Mourlam |author3=Romain Weppe |author4=Jacob Maugoust |author5=Pierre-Olivier Antoine |author6=Maeva Judith Orliac |year=2020 |title=The ossicular chain of Cainotheriidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) |journal=Journal of Anatomy |volume=237 |issue=2 |pages=250–262 |doi=10.1111/joa.13190 |pmid=32255213 |pmc=7369187 }}</ref>
* A study on the [[Earth:Old World|Old World]] fossil record of the family [[Biology:Camelidae|Camelidae]], aiming to determine the timing of the divergence between the [[Biology:Bactrian camel|Bactrian camel]] and the dromedary, is published by Geraads ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Denis Geraads |author2=Gilles Didier |author3=Andrew Barr |author4=Denne Reed |author5=Michel Laurin |year=2020 |title=The fossil record of camelids demonstrates a late divergence between Bactrian camel and dromedary |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=65 |issue=2 |pages=251–260 |doi=10.4202/app.00727.2020 |s2cid=216653302 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the phylogenetic relationships of fossil South and North American camelids is published by Lynch, Sánchez-Villagra & Balcarcel (2020), who also describe a partial skeleton of a member of [[Biology:Lamini|Lamini]] from the [[Earth:Ensenadan|Ensenadan]] locality of San Nicolas (Buenos Aires Province, {{wipe|Argentina}}).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Sinéad Lynch |author2=Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra |author3=Ana Balcarcel |year=2020 |title=Description of a fossil camelid from the Pleistocene of Argentina, and a cladistic analysis of the Camelinae |journal=Swiss Journal of Palaeontology |volume=139 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 5 |doi=10.1186/s13358-020-00208-6 |pmid=33133011 |pmc=7590954 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2020SwJP..139....8L }}</ref>
* A study on the systematic relationships of extant and fossil members of the family [[Biology:Deer|Cervidae]] is published by Heckeberg (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Nicola S. Heckeberg |year=2020 |title=The systematics of the Cervidae: a total evidence approach |journal=PeerJ |volume=8 |pages=e8114 |doi=10.7717/peerj.8114 |pmid=32110477 |pmc=7034380 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the evolution of the cycle of growth, death and regeneration of [[Biology:Antler|antler]]s in cervids, based on data from fossil and extant taxa, is published by Rössner, Costeur & Scheyer (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Gertrud E. Rössner |author2=Loïc Costeur |author3=Torsten M. Scheyer |year=2020 |title=Antiquity and fundamental processes of the antler cycle in Cervidae (Mammalia) |journal=The Science of Nature |volume=108 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 3 |doi=10.1007/s00114-020-01713-x |pmid=33326046 |pmc=7744388 }}</ref>
* A study on the brain [[Biology:Endocast|endocast]] of ''[[Biology:Antifer|Antifer]] ensenadensis'' is published by Fontoura ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Emmanuelle Fontoura |author2=José Darival Ferreira |author3=Jamile Bubadué |author4=Ana Maria Ribeiro |author5=Leonardo Kerber |year=2020 |title=Virtual brain endocast of ''Antifer'' (Mammalia: Cervidae), an extinct large cervid from South America |journal=Journal of Morphology |volume=281 |issue=10 |pages=1223–1240 |doi=10.1002/jmor.21243 |pmid=32815595 |s2cid=221200575 }}</ref>
* A study on the diet of ''[[Biology:Cervus astylodon|Cervus astylodon]]'', as indicated by data from tooth microwear, is published by Kubo & Fujita (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Mugino Ozaki Kubo |author2=Masaki Fujita |year=2020 |title=Diets of Pleistocene insular dwarf deer revealed by dental microwear texture analysis |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=562 |pages=Article 110098 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.110098 |s2cid=228940749 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Postcranial remains and first almost complete skulls of members of the genus ''[[Biology:Samotherium|Samotherium]]'' are described from the Middle Maragheh sequence (northwest [[Religion:Iran|Iran]]) by Parizad ''et al.'' (2020), who also discuss the validity of the genus ''Alcicephalus''.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Elnaz Parizad |author2=Majid Mirzaie Ataabadi |author3=Marjan Mashkour |author4=Dimitris S. Kostopoulos |year=2020 |title=''Samotherium'' Major, 1888 (Giraffidae) skulls from the late Miocene Maragheh fauna (Iran) and the validity of ''Alcicephalus'' Rodler & Weithofer, 1890 |journal=Comptes Rendus Palevol |volume=19 |issue=9 |pages=153–172 |doi=10.5852/cr-palevol2020v19a9 |s2cid=228082825 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Description of new fossil [[Biology:Bovidae|bovid]] material from Xishuigou (Gansu, China) and a revision of the type material of ''"[[Biology:Eotragus|Eotragus]]" halamagaiensis'' from the Halamagai Formation ([[Place:Xinjiang|Xinjiang]], China) is published by Li ''et al.'' (2020), who transfer ''"E." halamagaiensis'' to the genus ''Turcocerus''.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Yikun Li |author2=Qiang Li |author3=Xijun Ni |author4=Shiqi Wang |author5=Manuela Aiglstorfer |author6=Tao Deng |year=2020 |title=The oldest known bovid from China and reappraisal of the Chinese {{'}}''Eotragus'' {{'}} |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=913–929 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1319 |s2cid=225692007 }}</ref>
* New fossil material of ''[[Biology:Miotragocerus|Miotragocerus]] monacensis'', including the most complete skull of a member of this species reported so far, is described from the late Miocene hominid locality Hammerschmiede (southern {{wipe|Germany}}) by Hartung, Lechner & Böhme (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Josephina Hartung |author2=Thomas Lechner |author3=Madelaine Böhme |year=2020 |title=New cranial material of ''Miotragocerus monacensis'' (Mammalia: Bovidae) from the late Miocene hominid locality Hammerschmiede (Germany) |journal=Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen |volume=298 |issue=3 |pages=269–284 |doi=10.1127/njgpa/2020/0948 |s2cid=229409794 }}</ref>
* A record of the [[Biology:Bubalus murrensis|European water buffalo]] dating to the time of the [[Earth:Bølling–Allerød warming|Bølling–Allerød warming]] is reported from the Moscow Region of {{wipe|Russia}} by Vislobokova ''et al.'' (2020), who evaluate the implications of this finding for the knowledge of the dispersal and final extinction of this species.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Innessa A. Vislobokova |author2=Alexey V. Lopatin |author3=Konstantin K. Tarasenko |author4=Reinhard Ziegler |year=2020 |title=An unexpected record of an extinct water buffalo ''Bubalus murrensis'' (Berckhemer, 1927) in the last glacial in Europe and its implication for dispersal pattern of this species |journal=Quaternary International |volume=574 |pages=127–136 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2020.12.020 |s2cid=230559949 }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of molars of extant and fossil [[Biology:Suidae|suids]], and on its implications for reconstructions of diets of fossil suids from the Plio-Pleistocene [[Biology:Turkana Basin|Turkana Basin]] (Kenya), is published by Rannikko ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Janina Rannikko |author2=Hari Adhikari |author3=Aleksis Karme |author4=Indre Žliobaitė |author5=Mikael Fortelius |year=2020 |title=The case of the grass-eating suids in the Plio-Pleistocene Turkana Basin: 3D dental topography in relation to diet in extant and fossil pigs |journal=Journal of Morphology |volume=281 |issue=3 |pages=348–364 |doi=10.1002/jmor.21103 |pmid=31998996 |s2cid=210950714 |url=http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/332978 }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the deciduous teeth of members of [[Biology:Cetartiodactyla|Cetartiodactyla]], and on its implications for the knowledge of the phylogenetic relationships within [[Biology:Hippopotamoidea|Hippopotamoidea]], is published by Rodrigues ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret their findings as supporting the emergence of the family [[Biology:Hippopotamidae|Hippopotamidae]] within [[Biology:Bothriodontinae|bothriodontine]] [[Biology:Anthracotheriidae|anthracotheres]] from the [[Earth:Paleogene|Paleogene]] of Africa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Helder Gomes Rodrigues |author2=Fabrice Lihoreau |author3=Maëva Orliac |author4=Jean-Renaud Boisserie |year=2020 |title=Characters from the deciduous dentition and its interest for phylogenetic reconstruction in Hippopotamoidea (Cetartiodactyla: Mammalia) |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=193 |issue=2 |pages=413–431 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa147 }}</ref>
* A study comparing the distribution of ecomorphologies in the artiodactyl communities of North American Neogene savannas and modern-day African savannas is published by Morales-García, Säilä & Janis (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Nuria Melisa Morales-García |author2=Laura K. Säilä |author3=Christine M. Janis |year=2020 |title=The Neogene savannas of North America: a retrospective analysis on artiodactyl faunas |journal=Frontiers in Earth Science |volume=8 |pages=Article 191 |doi=10.3389/feart.2020.00191 |bibcode=2020FrEaS...8..191M |s2cid=219310833 |doi-access=free |hdl=1983/0a0d952c-9577-476f-8426-347ce96a3dde |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name !! Novelty !! Status !! Authors !! Age !! Type locality !! Country !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ''[[Biology:Bubalus murrensis|Bubalus murrensis extremus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=I. A. Vislobokova |author2=K. K. Tarasenko |author3=A. V. Lopatin |year=2020 |title=The new subspecies of the European water buffalo (Artiodactyla, Bovidae) from the Upper Pleistocene of the Russian Plain |journal=Paleontological Journal |volume=54 |issue=6 |pages=662–670 |doi=10.1134/S0031030120060118 |bibcode=2020PalJ...54..662V |s2cid=227131999 |url=https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=43961981 }}</ref>
| Subsp. nov
| Valid
| Vislobokova, Tarasenko & Lopatin
| Late [[Earth:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]]
|
| {{Flag|Russia}}<br>({{Flag|Moscow Oblast}})
| A subspecies of the European water buffalo.
|
|-
| ''Cervus canadensis combrayicus''<ref>{{cite journal |author=Roman Croitor |year=2020 |title=A new form of wapiti ''Cervus canadensis'' Erxleben, 1777 (Cervidae, Mammalia) from the Late Pleistocene of France |journal=Palaeoworld |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=789–806 |doi=10.1016/j.palwor.2019.12.001 |s2cid=213500978 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03126334/file/S1871174X19301295.pdf }}</ref>
| Subsp. nov
| Valid
| Croitor
| Late [[Earth:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]]
| 
| {{Flag|France}}
| A subspecies of the [[Biology:Elk|elk]]. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.
| 
|-
| ''Geniokeryx''<ref>{{cite journal |author=Stéphane Ducrocq |year=2020 |title=Taxonomic revision of ''Anthracokeryx thailandicus'' Ducrocq, 1999 (Anthracotheriidae, Microbunodontinae) from the Upper Eocene of Thailand |journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica |volume=58 |issue=4 |pages=293–304 |doi=10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.200618 |doi-broken-date=2024-02-01 }}</ref>
| Gen. et comb. nov
| Valid
| Ducrocq
| Late [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
| Krabi Basin
| {{Flag|Thailand}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Anthracotheriidae|Anthracotheriidae]]; a new genus for ''"[[Biology:Anthracokeryx|Anthracokeryx]]" thailandicus'' Ducrocq (1999).
| 
|-
| ''Heliosus''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Benjamin J. Burger |author2=Lea Ann Jolley |year=2020 |title=A new large body helohyid (Artiodactyla) form the Bridgerian middle Eocene Washakie Formation of southern Wyoming |journal=Paludicola |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=175–184 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340901987 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Burger & Jolley
| [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]] ([[Earth:Bridgerian North American Stage|Bridgerian]])
| [[Earth:Washakie Formation|Washakie]]
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Wyoming}})
| A member of the family [[Biology:Helohyidae|Helohyidae]]. The type species is ''H. apophis''.
|
|-
| ''Metkatius babbiangalensis''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Mohd Waqas |author2=Rajendra Singh Rana |year=2020 |title=New Raoellidae (Artiodactyla) from the Subathu Group (Middle Eocene), Rajouri District, Jammu and Kashmir, India and their significance |journal=Himalayan Geology |volume=41 |issue=2 |pages=171–182 |url=https://www.himgeology.com/volume_abstract.php?abstract=934 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Waqas & Rana
| [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
| Subathu
| {{Flag|India}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Raoellidae|Raoellidae]]
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Nyanzachoerus|Nyanzachoerus nakaliensis]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Takehisa Tsubamoto |author2=Yutaka Kunimatsu |author3=Tetsuya Sakai |author4=Mototaka Saneyoshi |author5=Daisuke Shimizu |author6=Naoki Morimoto |author7=Hideo Nakaya |author8=Naoto Handa |author9=Yoshiki Tanabe |author10=Fredrick Kyalo Manthi |author11=Masato Nakatsukasa |year=2020 |title=A new species of ''Nyanzachoerus'' (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Suidae, Tetraconodontinae) from the Upper Miocene Nakali Formation, Kenya |journal=Paleontological Research |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=41–63 |doi=10.2517/2019PR004 |s2cid=209522946 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Tsubamoto ''et al.''
| Late Miocene
| Nakali
| {{Flag|Kenya}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Suidae|Suidae]] belonging to the subfamily Tetraconodontinae
|
|-
| ''Palembertina''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Romain Weppe |author2=Cécile Blondel |author3=Monique Vianey-Liaud |author4=Thierry Pélissié |author5=Maëva Judith Orliac |year=2020 |title=A new Cainotherioidea (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from Palembert (Quercy, SW France): Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the dental pattern of Cainotheriidae |journal=Palaeontologia Electronica |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=Article number 23(3):a54 |doi=10.26879/1081 |s2cid=229490410 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Weppe ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
| [[Earth:Quercy Phosphorites Formation|Quercy Phosphorites]]
| {{Flag|France}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Cainotheriidae|Cainotheriidae]]. The type species is ''P. deplasi''.
|
|-
| ''Paukkaungmeryx''<ref name=Paukkaungmeryx>{{Cite journal|author1=Stéphane Ducrocq |author2=Aung Naing Soe |author3=Olivier Chavasseau |author4=Chit Sein |author5=Yaowalak Chaimanee |author6=Vincent Lazzari |author7=Jean-Jacques Jaeger |year=2020 |title=New basal ruminants from the Eocene of the Pondaung Formation, Myanmar |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=6 |pages=e1722682 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1722682 |s2cid=216324257 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Ducrocq ''et al.''
| Middle [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
| Pondaung
| {{Flag|Myanmar}}
| A relative of ''[[Biology:Archaeomeryx|Archaeomeryx]]''. Genus includes new species ''P. minutus''.
| 
|-
|
''Praemuntiacus''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Roman Croitor |author2=Denis Zakharov |author3=Vladislav Mararescul |year=2020 |title=Deer from the Early Pliocene Prioziornoe, Kuchurgan River Valley (Moldova, Eastern Europe) |journal=Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen |volume=297 |issue=3 |pages=325–367 |doi=10.1127/njgpa/2020/0931 |s2cid=225314735 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et comb. nov
|
Valid
|
Croitor, Zakharov & Mararescul
|
Pliocene
|
|
{{Flag|China}}<br>
{{Flag|Italy}}<br>
{{Flag|Moldova}}
|
A small muntjac-like [[Biology:Deer|deer]]. The type species is ''"Eostyloceros" pidoplitschkoi'' Korotkevich (1964); genus also includes ''P. triangularis'' (Zdansky, 1925).
|
|-
| ''Prolistriodon''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Martin Pickford |author2=Tanju Kaya |author3=Erhan Tarhan |author4=Derya Erylmaz |author5=Serdar Mayda |year=2020 |title=Small early Miocene listriodont suid (Artiodactyla: Mammalia) from Sabuncubeli (Manisa, SW Anatolia), Turkey |journal=Fossil Imprint |volume=76 |issue=2 |pages=325–337 |doi=10.37520/fi.2020.026 |s2cid=241128896 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Pickford ''et al.''
| Early Miocene
| Soma
| {{Flag|Turkey}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Suidae|Suidae]] belonging to the subfamily [[Biology:Listriodontinae|Listriodontinae]]. The type species is ''P. smyrnensis''.
|
|-
| ''Qurliqnoria chorakensis''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Dimitris S. Kostopoulos |author2=Ayla Sevim Erol |author3=Serdar Mayda |author4=Alper Yener Yavuz |author5=Erhan Tarhan |year=2020 |title=''Qurliqnoria'' (Bovidae, Mammalia) from the Upper Miocene of Çorakyerler (Central Anatolia, Turkey) and its biogeographic implications |journal=Palaeoworld |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=629–635 |doi=10.1016/j.palwor.2019.10.003 |s2cid=210277571 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Kostopoulos ''et al.''
| Late Miocene
| 
| {{Flag|Turkey}}
| A [[Biology:Crown group#Stem groups|stem]]-[[Biology:Caprinae|caprine]] [[Biology:Bovidae|bovid]]. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.
|
|-
| ''Stenomeryx''<ref name=Paukkaungmeryx />
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Ducrocq ''et al.''
| Middle Eocene
| Pondaung
| {{Flag|Myanmar}}
| Probably an early [[Biology:Chevrotain|chevrotain]]. Genus includes new species ''S. bahinensis''.
| 
|-
|}

===Cetaceans===
* A study on the evolution of asymmetry in the skulls of living and extinct cetaceans is published by Coombs ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ellen J. Coombs |author2=Julien Clavel |author3=Travis Park |author4=Morgan Churchill |author5=Anjali Goswami |year=2020 |title=Wonky whales: the evolution of cranial asymmetry in cetaceans |journal=BMC Biology |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 86 |doi=10.1186/s12915-020-00805-4 |pmid=32646447 |pmc=7350770 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study comparing the morphology of the [[Biology:Carpal bones|carpus]] of ''[[Biology:Ambulocetus|Ambulocetus]] natans'', other [[Biology:Archaeoceti|archaeocetes]] and Eocene terrestrial even-toed ungulates, and evaluating its implications for the knowledge of the evolution of the forelimbs of early cetaceans, is published by Gavazzi ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=L. M. Gavazzi |author2=L. N. Cooper |author3=F. E. Fish |author4=S. T. Hussain |author5=J. G. M. Thewissen |year=2020 |title=Carpal morphology and function in the earliest cetaceans |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=5 |pages=e1833019 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1833019 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E3019G |s2cid=228808589 }}</ref>
* A study on the distributional patterns of the [[Biology:Aetiocetidae|aetiocetids]] is published by Cisneros & Velez-Juarbe (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Atzcalli E. Hernández Cisneros |author2=Jorge Velez-Juarbe |year=2020 |title=Palaeobiogeography of the North Pacific toothed mysticetes (Cetacea, Aetiocetidae): a key to Oligocene cetacean distributional patterns |journal=Palaeontology |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=51–61 |doi=10.1111/pala.12507 |s2cid=225111695 }}</ref>
* A vertebra of a small member of Neoceti, representing one of the earliest known members of this group, is described from the Eocene Submeseta Formation (Seymour Island, [[Earth:Antarctica|Antarctica]]) by Davydenko, Mörs & Gol'din (2020), who evaluate the implications of this finding for the knowledge of the early evolution of Neoceti.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Svitozar Davydenko |author2=Thomas Mörs |author3=Pavel Gol'din |year=2020 |title=A small whale reveals diversity of the Eocene cetacean fauna of Antarctica |journal=Antarctic Science |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=81–88 |doi=10.1017/S0954102020000516 |s2cid=232081169 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name !! Novelty !! Status !! Authors !! Age !! Type locality !! Country !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ''[[Biology:Ankylorhiza|Ankylorhiza]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Robert W. Boessenecker |author2=Morgan Churchill |author3=Emily A. Buchholtz |author4=Brian L. Beatty |author5=Jonathan H. Geisler |year=2020 |title=Convergent evolution of swimming adaptations in modern whales revealed by a large macrophagous dolphin from the Oligocene of South Carolina |journal=Current Biology |volume=30 |issue=16 |pages=3267–3273.e2 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.012 |pmid=32649912 |s2cid=220435400 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Gen. et comb. nov
|
| Boessenecker ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Oligocene|Oligocene]]
| Ashley<br>Chandler Bridge
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|South Carolina}})
| A large dolphin. Genus includes ''"[[Biology:Squalodon|Squalodon]]" tiedemani''.
| 
|-
| ''Antwerpibalaena''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Guillaume Duboys de Lavigerie |author2=Mark Bosselaers |author3=Stijn Goolaerts |author4=Travis Park |author5=Olivier Lambert |author6=Felix G. Marx |year=2020 |title=New Pliocene right whale from Belgium informs balaenid phylogeny and function |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=18 |issue=14 |pages=1141–1166 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2020.1746422 |bibcode=2020JSPal..18.1141D |s2cid=219081516 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Lavigerie ''et al.''
| Pliocene
|
| {{Flag|Belgium}}
| A [[Biology:Crown group#Stem groups|stem]]-[[Biology:Balaenidae|balaenid]]. Genus includes new species ''A. liberatlas''.
| 
|-
| ''[[Biology:Archaebalaenoptera|Archaebalaenoptera liesselensis]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Michelangelo Bisconti |author2=Dirk K. Munsterman |author3=René H.B. Fraaije |author4=Mark E.J. Bosselaers |author5=Klaas Post |year=2020 |title=A new species of rorqual whale (Cetacea, Mysticeti, Balaenopteridae) from the Late Miocene of the Southern North Sea Basin and the role of the North Atlantic in the paleobiogeography of ''Archaebalaenoptera'' |journal=PeerJ |volume=8 |pages=e8315 |doi=10.7717/peerj.8315 |pmid=31976176 |pmc=6964694 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Bisconti ''et al.''
| Miocene ([[Biology:Tortonian|Tortonian]])
| [[Earth:Breda Formation|Breda]]
| {{Flag|Netherlands}}
| A [[Biology:Rorqual|rorqual]]
| 
|-
| ''Archaeobalaena''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Yoshihiro Tanaka |author2=Hitoshi Furusawa |author3=Masaichi Kimura |year=2020 |title=A new member of fossil balaenid (Mysticeti, Cetacea) from the early Pliocene of Hokkaido, Japan |journal=Royal Society Open Science |volume=7 |issue=4 |pages=Article ID 192182 |doi=10.1098/rsos.192182 |pmid=32431893 |pmc=7211833 |bibcode=2020RSOS....792182T }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Tanaka, Furusawa & Kimura
| Pliocene (Zanclean)
| Chippubetsu
| {{Flag|Japan}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Balaenidae|Balaenidae]]. The type species is ''A. dosanko''.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Atlanticetus|Atlanticetus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Michelangelo Bisconti |author2=Piero Damarco |author3=Selina Mao |author4=Marco Pavia |author5=Giorgio Carnevale |year=2020 |title=The earliest baleen whale from the Mediterranean: large-scale implications of an early Miocene thalassotherian mysticete from Piedmont, Italy |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=1147–1166 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1336 |s2cid=225373484 }}</ref>
| Gen. et comb. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Bisconti ''et al.''
| Miocene
| Calvert<br>Pietra da Cantoni
| {{Flag|Italy}}<br>{{Flag|United States}}
| An early baleen whale. The type species is ''"[[Biology:Aglaocetus|Aglaocetus]]" patulus'' [[Biography:Remington Kellogg|Kellogg]] (1968); genus also includes new species ''A. lavei''.
| 
|-
| ''Cozzuoliphyseter''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Florencia Paolucci |author2=Marta S. Fernández |author3=Mónica R. Buono |author4=José I. Cuitiño |year=2020 |title=''{{'}}Aulophyseter{{'}} rionegrensis'' (Cetacea: Odontoceti: Physeteroidea) from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina): a reappraisal |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=192 |issue=4 |pages=1293–1322 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa137 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Gen. et comb. nov
| Valid
| Paolucci ''et al.''
| Miocene
| Gran Bajo del Gualicho
| {{Flag|Argentina}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Physeteridae|Physeteridae]]; a new genus for ''"[[Biology:Aulophyseter|Aulophyseter]]" rionegrensis''.
| 
|-
| ''Dolgopolis''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Mariana Viglino |author2=C. Maximiliano Gaetán |author3=José I. Cuitiño |author4=Mónica R. Buono |year=2020 |title=First Toothless Platanistoid from the Early Miocene of Patagonia: the Golden Age of Diversification of the Odontoceti |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=337–358 |doi=10.1007/s10914-020-09505-w |s2cid=220293795 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Viglino ''et al.''
| Miocene ([[Earth:Burdigalian|Burdigalian]])
| [[Earth:Gaiman Formation|Gaiman]]
| {{Flag|Argentina}}
| A toothless platanistoid dolphin. Genus includes new species ''D. kinchikafiforo''. Announced in 2020; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2021.
| 
|-
| ''Ensidelphis''<ref name=Ensidelphis>{{Cite journal|author1=Giovanni Bianucci |author2=Christian de Muizon |author3=Mario Urbina |author4=Olivier Lambert |year=2020 |title=Extensive diversity and disparity of the early Miocene platanistoids (Cetacea, Odontoceti) in the southeastern Pacific (Chilcatay Formation, Peru) |journal=Life |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=Article 27 |doi=10.3390/life10030027 |pmid=32197480 |pmc=7151620 |bibcode=2020Life...10...27B |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Bianucci ''et al.''
| Miocene ([[Earth:Burdigalian|Burdigalian]])
| Chilcatay
| {{Flag|Peru}}
| A member of Platanistoidea. The type species is ''E. riveroi''.
| 
|-
| ''Furcacetus''<ref name=Ensidelphis />
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Bianucci ''et al.''
| Miocene ([[Earth:Burdigalian|Burdigalian]])
| Chilcatay
| {{Flag|Peru}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Squalodelphinidae|Squalodelphinidae]]. The type species is ''F. flexirostrum''.
| 
|-
| ''Marzanoptera''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Michelangelo Bisconti |author2=Piero Damarco |author3=Marco Pavia |author4=Barbara Sorce |author5=Giorgio Carnevale |year=2021 |title=''Marzanoptera tersillae'', a new balaenopterid genus and species from the Pliocene of Piedmont, north-west Italy |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=192 |issue=4 |pages=1253–1292 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa131|url=https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/192/4/1253/5999660 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Bisconti ''et al.''
| Pliocene
|
| {{Flag|Italy}}
| A [[Biology:Rorqual|rorqual]]. Genus includes new species ''M. tersillae''.
| 
|-
| ''Norisdelphis''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Toshiyuki Kimura |author2=Yoshikazu Hasegawa |year=2020 |title=''Norisdelphis annakaensis'', a new Miocene delphinid from Japan |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=e1762628 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1762628 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E2628K |s2cid=221749216 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Kimura & Hasegawa
| Miocene ([[Biology:Tortonian|Tortonian]])
| Haraichi
| {{Flag|Japan}}
| An [[Biology:Oceanic dolphin|oceanic dolphin]]. Genus includes new species ''N. annakaensis''.
| 
|-
| ''Perditicetus''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Margot D. Nelson |author2=Mark D. Uhen |year=2020 |title=A new platanistoid, ''Perditicetus yaconensis'' gen. et sp. nov. (Cetacea, Odontoceti), from the Chattian–Aquitanian Nye Formation of Oregon |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=18 |issue=18 |pages=1497–1517 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2020.1783379 |bibcode=2020JSPal..18.1497N |s2cid=221059267 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Nelson & Uhen
| Oligocene–Miocene ([[Earth:Chattian|Chattian]]–[[Earth:Aquitanian (stage)|Aquitanian]])
| Nye
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Oregon}})
| A member of Platanistoidea. Genus includes new species ''P. yaconensis''.
|
|-
| ''Platyscaphokogia''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alberto Collareta |author2=Olivier Lambert |author3=Christian de Muizon |author4=Aldo Marcelo Benites Palomino |author5=Mario Urbina |author6=Giovanni Bianucci |year=2020 |title=A new physeteroid from the late Miocene of Peru expands the diversity of extinct dwarf and pygmy sperm whales (Cetacea: Odontoceti: Kogiidae) |journal=Comptes Rendus Palevol |volume=19 |issue=5 |pages=79–100 |doi=10.5852/cr-palevol2020v19a5 |s2cid=222287604 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/fr/periodiques/comptes-rendus-palevol/19/5 |doi-access=free |hdl=11568/1070698 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Collareta ''et al.''
| Miocene ([[Biology:Messinian|Messinian]])
| [[Earth:Pisco Formation|Pisco]]
| {{Flag|Peru}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Kogiidae|Kogiidae]] belonging to the subfamily Scaphokogiinae. The type species is ''P. landinii''.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Protororqualus|Protororqualus wilfriedneesi]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Michelangelo Bisconti |author2=Mark E.J. Bosselaers |year=2020 |title=A new balaenopterid species from the Southern North Sea Basin informs about phylogeny and taxonomy of ''Burtinopsis'' and ''Protororqualus'' (Cetacea, Mysticeti, Balaenopteridae) |journal=PeerJ |volume=8 |pages=e9570 |doi=10.7717/peerj.9570 |s2cid=221761050 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Bisconti & Bosselaers
| Pliocene (Zanclean
| Kattendijk Sands<br>Yorktown
| {{Flag|Belgium}}<br>{{Flag|Netherlands}}<br>{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|North Carolina}})
|
|
|-
| ''Rhaphicetus''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Olivier Lambert |author2=Christian de Muizon |author3=Mario Urbina |author4=Giovanni Bianucci |year=2020 |title=A new longirostrine sperm whale (Cetacea, Physeteroidea) from the lower Miocene of the Pisco Basin (southern coast of Peru) |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=18 |issue=20 |pages=1707–1742 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2020.1805520 |bibcode=2020JSPal..18.1707L |s2cid=221838686 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Lambert ''et al.''
| Miocene ([[Earth:Burdigalian|Burdigalian]])
| Chilcatay
| {{Flag|Peru}}
| A member of Physeteroidea. Genus includes new species ''R. valenciae''.
|
|-
| ''Samaydelphis''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Olivier Lambert |author2=Alberto Collareta |author3=Aldo Benites-Palomino |author4=Claudio Di Celma |author5=Christian de Muizon |author6=Mario Urbina |author7=Giovanni Bianucci |year=2020 |title=A new small, mesorostrine inioid (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Delphinida) from four upper Miocene localities in the Pisco Basin, Peru |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=1043–1064 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1332 |s2cid=225495166 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Lambert ''et al.''
| Miocene ([[Biology:Tortonian|Tortonian]])
| [[Earth:Pisco Formation|Pisco]]
| {{Flag|Peru}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Pontoporiidae|Pontoporiidae]]. Genus includes new species ''S. chacaltanae''.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Scaphokogia|Scaphokogia totajpe]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Aldo Benites-Palomino |author2=Jorge Vélez-Juarbe |author3=Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi |author4=Mario Urbina |year=2020 |title=''Scaphokogia totajpe'', sp. nov., a new bulky-faced pygmy sperm whale (Kogiidae) from the late Miocene of Peru |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=6 |pages=e1728538 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1728538 |s2cid=219082191 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Benites-Palomino ''et al.''
| Late Miocene
| Pisco
| {{Flag|Peru}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Kogiidae|Kogiidae]].
| 
|-
|}

===Carnivorans===
* A study on changes in hindlimb functional diversity in North American carnivoran communities (especially in [[Biology:Felidae|felids]]) over the last 19 million years is published by [[Biography:P. David Polly|Polly]] (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author=P. David Polly |year=2020 |title=Ecometrics and Neogene faunal turnover: the roles of cats and hindlimb morphology in the assembly of carnivoran communities in the New World |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=42 |issue=17 |pages=257–304 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a17 |s2cid=220409534 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/42/17 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Description of the tarsal bones of the bear dogs from the Paleogene of Europe, and a study on the evolution of posture and locomotion of European bear dogs, is published by Fournier ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Morgane Fournier |author2=Sandrine Ladevèze |author3=Kévin Le Verger |author4=Valentin Fischer |author5=Robert P. Speijer |author6=Floréal Solé |year=2020 |title=On the morphology of the astragalus and calcaneus of the amphicyonids (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Europe: implications for the ecology of the European bear-dogs |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=42 |issue=18 |pages=305–325 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a18 |s2cid=220714559 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/42/18 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* New fossil material of ''Megamphicyon giganteus'', providing new information on the locomotor adaptations of this species and allowing an estimation of its body mass, is described from the middle Miocene (MN6) site of Carpetana ({{wipe|Spain}}) by Siliceo ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Gema Siliceo |author2=Jorge Morales |author3=Mauricio Antón |author4=Manuel J. Salesa |year=2020 |title=New fossils of Amphicyonidae (Carnivora) from the middle Miocene (MN6) site of Carpetana (Madrid, Spain) |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=42 |issue=15 |pages=223–238 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a15 |s2cid=220043894 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/42/15 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study aiming to determine the impact of large body size and adaptation to hypercarnivory on extinction risk throughout the evolutionary history of North American [[Biology:Canidae|canids]] is published by Balisi & Van Valkenburgh (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Mairin A. Balisi |author2=Blaire Van Valkenburgh |year=2020 |title=Iterative evolution of large-bodied hypercarnivory in canids benefits species but not clades |journal=Communications Biology |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 461 |doi=10.1038/s42003-020-01193-9 |pmid=32826954 |pmc=7442796 |s2cid=221199758 }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the [[Biology:Holotype|holotype]] specimen of ''Vulpes alopecoides'' and on the diversity of the Plio-Pleistocene members of the genus ''[[Biology:Vulpes|Vulpes]]'' from Europe is published by Bartolini Lucenti & Madurell-Malapeira (2020), who consider the species ''Vulpes praeglacialis'' and ''V. praecorsac'' to be [[Biology:Synonym (taxonomy)|junior synonyms]] of ''V. alopecoides''.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Saverio Bartolini Lucenti |author2=Joan Madurell-Malapeira |year=2020 |title=Unraveling the fossil record of foxes: An updated review on the Plio-Pleistocene ''Vulpes'' spp. from Europe |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=236 |pages=Article 106296 |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106296 |bibcode=2020QSRv..23606296B |s2cid=218947657 }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy and likely diet of ''[[Biology:Canis ferox|"Canis" ferox]]'' is published online by Bartolini Lucenti & Rook (2020), who transfer this species to the genus ''[[Biology:Eucyon|Eucyon]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Saverio Bartolini Lucenti |author2=Lorenzo Rook |year=2020 |title=''"Canis" ferox'' revisited: diet ecomorphology of some long gone (Late Miocene and Pliocene) fossil dogs |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=285–306 |doi=10.1007/s10914-020-09500-1 |s2cid=218694252 }}</ref>
* Tong ''et al.'' (2020) document dental injuries (likely caused by processing hard food, such as bones) and infections and a healed [[Biology:Tibia|tibia]] fracture in specimens of ''Canis chihliensis'' from the Early Pleistocene Nihewan Basin (China), and interpret these findings as possible evidence of social hunting and family care in this canid.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Haowen Tong |author2=Xi Chen |author3=Bei Zhang |author4=Bruce Rothschild |author5=Stuart White |author6=Mairin Balisi |author7=Xiaoming Wang |year=2020 |title=Hypercarnivorous teeth and healed injuries to ''Canis chihliensis'' from Early Pleistocene Nihewan beds, China, support social hunting for ancestral wolves |journal=PeerJ |volume=8 |pages=e9858 |doi=10.7717/peerj.9858 |pmid=33194358 |pmc=7485486 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study comparing the anatomy of [[Biology:Hyoid bone|hyoid bone]]s of [[Biology:Dire wolf|dire wolves]] and [[Biology:Coyote|coyote]]s from La Brea Tar Pits with those of extant [[Biology:Canidae|canids]], and evaluating the implications of reported anatomical differences for the knowledge of likely vocalizations of fossil canids, is published by Flores ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Deanna Flores |author2=Emma I. Eldridge |author3=Erin E. Elminowski |author4=Edwin Dickinson |author5=Adam Hartstone-Rose  |year=2020 |title=The howl of Rancho La Brea: Comparative anatomy of modern and fossil canid hyoid bones |journal=Journal of Morphology |volume=281 |issue=6 |pages=646–652 |doi=10.1002/jmor.21130 |pmid=32302429 |s2cid=215809590 }}</ref>
*The study of the extensive record of ''Canis'' from Dmanisi showed the combination so primitive and derived species that contrast with the previous interpretation of these specimens to [[Biology:Canis etruscus|''Canis'' ''etruscus'']] and support the description of the new species ''Canis borjgali'', very close to ''[[Biology:Canis mosbachensis|Canis mosbachensis]]'' and probably to modern [[Biology:Wolf|wolves]], [[Biology:Coyote|coyote]]s  and affine [[Biology:Canis|dogs]] (Bartolini Lucenti ''et al.'' 2020 <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title=The wolf from Dmanisi and Augmented Reality: review, implications and opportunities|author1=Saverio Bartolini Lucenti |author2=Maia Bukhsianidze |author3=Bienvenido Martínez-Navarro |author4=David Lordkipanidze|volume=8|pages=Article 131|year=2020|journal=Frontiers in Earth Science|doi=10.3389/feart.2020.00131|bibcode=2020FrEaS...8..131B |s2cid=216337804 |doi-access=free |hdl=2158/1205943|hdl-access=free}}</ref>)
* Partial fragment of the mandible of a dire wolf is described from the Late Pleistocene of northeastern China by Lu ''et al.'' (2020), representing the first record of this species from Eurasia reported so far.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Dan Lu |author2=Yangheshan Yang |author3=Qiang Li |author4=Xijun Ni |year=2020 |title=A late Pleistocene fossil from Northeastern China is the first record of the dire wolf (Carnivora: ''Canis dirus'') in Eurasia |journal=Quaternary International |volume=591 |pages=87–92 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2020.09.054 |s2cid=224877090 }}</ref>
* Ramos-Madrigal ''et al.'' (2020) sequence the genomes of four Pleistocene wolves from Northeast Siberia, including specimens with divergent skull morphologies.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jazmín Ramos-Madrigal |author2=Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding |author3=Christian Carøe |author4=Sarah S.T. Mak |author5=Jonas Niemann |author6=José A. Samaniego Castruita |author7=Sergey Fedorov |author8=Alexander Kandyba |author9=Mietje Germonpré |author10=Hervé Bocherens |author11=Tatiana R. Feuerborn |author12=Vladimir V. Pitulko |author13=Elena Y. Pavlova |author14=Pavel A. Nikolskiy |author15=Aleksei K. Kasparov |author16=Varvara V. Ivanova |author17=Greger Larson |author18=Laurent A.F. Frantz |author19=Eske Willerslev |author20=Morten Meldgaard |author21=Bent Petersen |author22=Thomas Sicheritz-Ponten |author23=Lutz Bachmann |author24=Øystein Wiig |author25=Anders J. Hansen |author26=M. Thomas P. Gilbert |author27=Shyam Gopalakrishnan |year=2020 |title=Genomes of Pleistocene Siberian wolves uncover multiple extinct wolf lineages |journal=Current Biology |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=198–206.e8 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2020.10.002 |pmid=33125870 |pmc=7809626 |s2cid=225990843 }}</ref>
* A study on a 57,000-years-old wolf pup mummy discovered in thawing permafrost in the Klondike goldfields ([[Earth:Yukon|Yukon]], {{wipe|Canada}}), aiming to determine her appearance, evolutionary relationships, life history and ecology, is published by Meachen ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Julie Meachen |author2=Matthew J. Wooller |author3=Benjamin D. Barst |author4=Juliette Funck |author5=Carley Crann |author6=Jess Heath |author7=Molly Cassatt-Johnstone |author8=Beth Shapiro |author9=Elizabeth Hall |author10=Susan Hewitson |author11=Grant Zazula |year=2020 |title=A mummified Pleistocene gray wolf pup |journal=Current Biology |volume=30 |issue=24 |pages=R1467–R1468 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2020.11.011 |pmid=33352124 |s2cid=229346357 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on fossil canid remains from the Pleistocene of the Paglicci Cave and the Romanelli Cave (southern Italy) is published by Boschin ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret their findings as attesting the presence of dogs in Italy at least 14,000 [[Physics:Radiocarbon dating#Calibration|calibrated years]] before present.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Francesco Boschin |author2=Federico Bernardini |author3=Elena Pilli |author4=Stefania Vai |author5=Clément Zanolli |author6=Antonio Tagliacozzo |author7=Rosario Fico |author8=Mariaelena Fedi |author9=Julien Corny |author10=Diego Dreossi |author11=Martina Lari |author12=Alessandra Modi |author13=Chiara Vergata |author14=Claudio Tuniz |author15=Adriana Moroni |author16=Paolo Boscato |author17=David Caramelli |author18=Annamaria Ronchitelli |year=2020 |title=The first evidence for Late Pleistocene dogs in Italy |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 13313 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-69940-w |pmid=32770100 |pmc=7414845 |bibcode=2020NatSR..1013313B }}</ref>
* A study on the genomes of modern Greenland [[Biology:Sled dog|sled dog]]s, an ~9500-year-old Siberian dog associated with archaeological evidence for sled technology, and an ~33,000-year-old Siberian wolf is published by Sinding ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret their findings as indicating that sled dogs represent an ancient lineage going back at least 9500 years and that wolves bred with the ancestors of sled dogs and precontact American dogs.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding |author2=Shyam Gopalakrishnan |author3=Jazmín Ramos-Madrigal |author4=Marc de Manuel |author5=Vladimir V. Pitulko |author6=Lukas Kuderna |author7=Tatiana R. Feuerborn |author8=Laurent A. F. Frantz |author9=Filipe G. Vieira |author10=Jonas Niemann |author11=Jose A. Samaniego Castruita |author12=Christian Carøe |author13=Emilie U. Andersen-Ranberg |author14=Peter D. Jordan |author15=Elena Y. Pavlova |author16=Pavel A. Nikolskiy |author17=Aleksei K. Kasparov |author18=Varvara V. Ivanova |author19=Eske Willerslev |author20=Pontus Skoglund |author21=Merete Fredholm |author22=Sanne Eline Wennerberg |author23=Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen |author24=Rune Dietz |author25=Christian Sonne |author26=Morten Meldgaard |author27=Love Dalén |author28=Greger Larson |author29=Bent Petersen |author30=Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén |author31=Lutz Bachmann |author32=Øystein Wiig |author33=Tomas Marques-Bonet |author34=Anders J. Hansen |author35=M. Thomas P. Gilbert |year=2020 |title=Arctic-adapted dogs emerged at the Pleistocene–Holocene transition |journal=Science |volume=368 |issue=6498 |pages=1495–1499 |doi=10.1126/science.aaz8599 |pmid=32587022 |pmc=7116267 |bibcode=2020Sci...368.1495S |s2cid=220072941 |url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6026e750-80b9-489f-bd2d-da75bc36f0df }}</ref>
* A study on aiming to reconstruct dog population history, based on data from 27 ancient (up to 10.9 thousand years old) dog genomes from Europe, the Near East and Siberia, is published by Bergström ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Anders Bergström |author2=Laurent Frantz |author3=Ryan Schmidt |author4=Erik Ersmark |author5=Ophelie Lebrasseur |author6=Linus Girdland-Flink |author7=Audrey T. Lin |author8=Jan Storå |author9=Karl-Göran Sjögren |author10=David Anthony |author11=Ekaterina Antipina |author12=Sarieh Amiri |author13=Guy Bar-Oz |author14=Vladimir I. Bazaliiskii |author15=Jelena Bulatović |author16=Dorcas Brown |author17=Alberto Carmagnini |author18=Tom Davy |author19=Sergey Fedorov |author20=Ivana Fiore |author21=Deirdre Fulton |author22=Mietje Germonpré |author23=James Haile |author24=Evan K. Irving-Pease |author25=Alexandra Jamieson |author26=Luc Janssens |author27=Irina Kirillova |author28=Liora Kolska Horwitz |author29=Julka Kuzmanovic-Cvetković |author30=Yaroslav Kuzmin |author31=Robert J. Losey |author32=Daria Ložnjak Dizdar |author33=Marjan Mashkour |author34=Mario Novak |author35=Vedat Onar |author36=David Orton |author37=Maja Pasarić |author38=Miljana Radivojević |author39=Dragana Rajković |author40=Benjamin Roberts |author41=Hannah Ryan |author42=Mikhail Sablin |author43=Fedor Shidlovskiy |author44=Ivana Stojanović |author45=Antonio Tagliacozzo |author46=Katerina Trantalidou |author47=Inga Ullén |author48=Aritza Villaluenga |author49=Paula Wapnish |author50=Keith Dobney |author51=Anders Götherström |author52=Anna Linderholm |author53=Love Dalén |author54=Ron Pinhasi |author55=Greger Larson |author56=Pontus Skoglund |year=2020 |title=Origins and genetic legacy of prehistoric dogs |journal=Science |volume=370 |issue=6516 |pages=557–564 |doi=10.1126/science.aba9572 |pmid=33122379 |pmc=7116352 |s2cid=225956269}}</ref>
* New specimen of ''Agnotherium antiquum'', providing new information on the anatomy of this species, is described from the Miocene locality of Eppelsheim ({{wipe|Germany}}) by Morlo ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret this species as a powerful, strictly carnivorous ambush hunter.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Michael Morlo |author2=Katharina Bastl |author3=Jörg Habersetzer |author4=Thomas Engel |author5=Bastian Lischewsky |author6=Herbert Lutz |author7=Axel von Berg |author8=Renate Rabenstein |author9=Doris Nagel |year=2020 |title= The apex of amphicyonid hypercarnivory: solving the riddle of ''Agnotherium antiquum'' Kaup, 1833 (Mammalia, Carnivora) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=5 |pages=e1705848 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1705848 |s2cid=214431583 }}</ref>
* A [[Biology:Metacarpal bones|metacarpal bone]] of a [[Biology:Arctodus|short-faced bear]] is described from Daisy Cave (San Miguel Island, California Channel Islands) by Mychajliw ''et al.'' (2020), who attempt to the determine the most likely explanation of the occurrence of this specimen on San Miguel Island.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alexis M. Mychajliw |author2=Torben C. Rick |author3=Nihan D. Dagtas |author4=Jon M. Erlandson |author5=Brendan J. Culleton |author6=Douglas J. Kennett |author7=Michael Buckley |author8=Courtney A. Hofman |year=2020 |title=Biogeographic problem-solving reveals the Late Pleistocene translocation of a short-faced bear to the California Channel Islands |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 15172 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-71572-z |pmid=32938967 |pmc=7494929 }}</ref>
* A study on anatomical specializations in [[Biology:Cave bear|cave bear]]s for longer hibernation periods, and on their impact on feeding biomechanics in cave bears, is published by Pérez-Ramos ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Alejandro Pérez-Ramos |author2=Z. Jack Tseng |author3=Aurora Grandal-D'Anglade |author4=Gernot Rabeder |author5=Francisco J. Pastor |author6=Borja Figueirido |year=2020 |title=Biomechanical simulations reveal a trade-off between adaptation to glacial climate and dietary niche versatility in European cave bears |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=14 |pages=eaay9462 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aay9462 |pmid=32270039 |pmc=7112751 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.9462P }}</ref>
* A study on the diet of cave bears from cave sites in Romania, as indicated by nitrogen isotope values of individual amino acids from fossil collagen, is published by Naito ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Yuichi I. Naito |author2=Ioana N. Meleg |author3=Marius Robu |author4=Marius Vlaicu |author5=Dorothée G. Drucker |author6=Christoph Wißing |author7=Michael Hofreiter |author8=Axel Barlow |author9=Hervé Bocherens |year=2020 |title=Heavy reliance on plants for Romanian cave bears evidenced by amino acid nitrogen isotope analysis |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 6612 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-62990-0 |pmid=32313007 |pmc=7170912 |bibcode=2020NatSR..10.6612N }}</ref>
* A study on the relationship between the shape of tooth crown surfaces and feeding behaviour in living bears, evaluating its implications for the knowledge of likely diet and possible extinction causes of cave bears, is published by Pérez-Ramos ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alejandro Pérez-Ramos |author2=Alejandro Romero |author3=Ernesto Rodriguez |author4=Borja Figueirido |year=2020 |title=Three-dimensional dental topography and feeding ecology in the extinct cave bear |journal=Biology Letters |volume=16 |issue=12 |pages=Article ID 20200792 |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2020.0792 |pmid=33353522 |pmc=7775984 }}</ref>
* Description of new fossils and a review of the fossil material of large [[Biology:Mustelidae|mustelids]] ''Sivaonyx hendeyi'' and ''[[Biology:Plesiogulo|Plesiogulo]]'' aff. ''monspessulanus'' from the Pliocene of the Langebaanweg fossil site ({{wipe|South Africa}}) is published by Valenciano & Govender (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alberto Valenciano |author2=Romala Govender |year=2020 |title=New insights into the giant mustelids (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from Langebaanweg fossil site (West Coast Fossil Park, South Africa, early Pliocene) |journal=PeerJ |volume=8 |pages=e9221 |doi=10.7717/peerj.9221 |pmid=32547866 |pmc=7271888 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Description of new fossil material of ''[[Biology:Mellivora benfieldi|Mellivora benfieldi]]'' from the Langebaanweg site and a revision of the taxonomic status of Mio–Pliocene African [[Biology:Mellivorinae|mellivorines]] is published by Valenciano & Govender (2020), who name a new tribe Eomellivorini.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alberto Valenciano |author2=Romala Govender |year=2020 |title=New Fossils of ''Mellivora Benfieldi'' (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from Langebaanweg, 'E' Quarry (South Africa, Early Pliocene): Re-Evaluation of the African Neogene Mellivorines |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=e1817754 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1817754 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E7754V |s2cid=227249176 }}</ref>
* A study on the phylogenetic relationships of extant and fossil [[Biology:Pinniped|pinniped]]s is published by Paterson ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Ryan S. Paterson |author2=Natalia Rybczynski |author3=Naoki Kohno |author4=Hillary C. Maddin |year=2020 |title=A total evidence phylogenetic analysis of pinniped phylogeny and the possibility of parallel evolution within a monophyletic framework |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |volume=7 |pages=Article 457 |doi=10.3389/fevo.2019.00457 |s2cid=210181600 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* New fossil material of pinnipeds, including fossils referrable to [[Biology:Earless seal|Phocidae]] and a [[Biology:Humerus|humerus]] referrable specifically to [[Biology:Monachinae|Monachinae]], is described from the Upper Miocene–Lower Pliocene Beaumaris Local Fauna (Victoria, {{wipe|Australia}}) by Rule, Adams & Fitzgerald (2020), who evaluate the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of the origins of the southern true seals from the Southern Ocean.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=James P. Rule |author2=Justin W. Adams |author3=Erich M. G. Fitzgerald |year=2020 |title=Colonization of the ancient southern oceans by small-sized Phocidae: new evidence from Australia |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=191 |issue=4 |pages=1160–1180 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa075 }}</ref>
* Rule, Hocking & Fitzgerald (2020) describe a tooth of a monachine seal from the Pliocene Whalers Bluff Formation (Victoria, {{wipe|Australia}}), and evaluate its implications for the knowledge of the timing of pinniped faunal turnovers in the Southern Hemisphere.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=James P. Rule |author2=David P. Hocking |author3=Erich M. G. Fitzgerald |year=2020 |title=Pliocene monachine seal (Pinnipedia: Phocidae) from Australia constrains timing of pinniped turnover in the Southern Hemisphere |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=6 |pages=e1734015 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1734015 |s2cid=216244087 |url=https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/68c0cb83-d734-47d6-94eb-273dce8ab8df }}</ref>
* Fossil teeth of a [[Biology:Hyena|hyaenid]] ''[[Biology:Adcrocuta|Adcrocuta]] eximia'' and a saber-toothed cat belonging or related to the genus ''[[Biology:Paramachaerodus|Paramachaerodus]]'' are described from the Miocene Chu Formation (Kyrgyzstan) by Miller ''et al.'' (2020), who evaluate the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of [[Biology:Endemism|endemism]] in the fossil fauna in Kyrgyzstan.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Sophie A. Miller |author2=Paul Z. Barrett |author3=Win N.F. McLaughlin |author4=Samantha S.B. Hopkins |year=2020 |title=Endemism and migration in the Kochkor Basin? Identification and description of ''Adcrocuta eximia'' (Mammalia: Carnivora: Hyaenidae) and c.f. ''Paramachaerodus'' (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) fossils at the Miocene locality of Ortok, Kyrgyzstan |journal=Palaeontologia Electronica |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=Article number 23(3):a45 |doi=10.26879/1033 |s2cid=221991602 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the evolutionary history of the genus ''[[Biology:Crocuta|Crocuta]]'', based on paleogenomic data from Late Pleistocene [[Biology:Cave hyena|cave hyena]]s from across Eurasia and on population-level genomic data from [[Place:Sub-Saharan Africa|sub-Saharan]] [[Biology:Spotted hyena|spotted hyena]]s, is published by Westbury ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Michael V. Westbury |author2=Stefanie Hartmann |author3=Axel Barlow |author4=Michaela Preick |author5=Bogdan Ridush |author6=Doris Nagel |author7=Thomas Rathgeber |author8=Reinhard Ziegler |author9=Gennady Baryshnikov |author10=Guilian Sheng |author11=Arne Ludwig |author12=Ingrid Wiesel |author13=Love Dalen |author14=Faysal Bibi |author15=Lars Werdelin |author16=Rasmus Heller |author17=Michael Hofreiter |year=2020 |title=Hyena paleogenomes reveal a complex evolutionary history of cross-continental gene flow between spotted and cave hyena |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=11 |pages=eaay0456 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aay0456 |pmid=32201717 |pmc=7069707 |bibcode=2020SciA....6..456W }}</ref>
* Description of a skull of ''Machairodus giganteus'' from the late Miocene locality Hadjidimovo (Bulgaria), and a study on the evolution of the genus ''[[Biology:Machairodus|Machairodus]]'', is published by Geraads & Spassov (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Denis Geraads |author2=Nikolaï Spassov |year=2020 |title=A skull of ''Machairodus'' Kaup, 1833 (Felidae, Mammalia) from the late Miocene of Hadjidimovo (Bulgaria), and its place in the evolution of the genus |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=42 |issue=9 |pages=123–137 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a9 |s2cid=216071589 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/42/9 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the evolutionary history of ''[[Biology:Homotherium|Homotherium]]'', as indicated by genomic analyses, is published by Barnett ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Ross Barnett |author2=Michael V. Westbury |author3=Marcela Sandoval-Velasco |author4=Filipe Garrett Vieira |author5=Sungwon Jeon |author6=Grant Zazula |author7=Michael D. Martin |author8=Simon Y.W. Ho |author9=Niklas Mather |author10=Shyam Gopalakrishnan |author11=Jazmín Ramos-Madrigal |author12=Marc de Manuel |author13=M. Lisandra Zepeda-Mendoza |author14=Agostinho Antunes |author15=Aldo Carmona Baez |author16=Binia De Cahsan |author17=Greger Larson |author18=Stephen J. O'Brien |author19=Eduardo Eizirik |author20=Warren E. Johnson |author21=Klaus-Peter Koepfli |author22=Andreas Wilting |author23=Jörns Fickel |author24=Love Dalén |author25=Eline D. Lorenzen |author26=Tomas Marques-Bonet |author27=Anders J. Hansen |author28=Guojie Zhang |author29=Jong Bhak |author30=Nobuyuki Yamaguchi |author31=M. Thomas P. Gilbert |year=2020 |title=Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat, ''Homotherium latidens'' |journal=Current Biology |volume=30 |issue=24 |pages=5018–5025.e5 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.051 |pmid=33065008 |pmc=7762822 |s2cid=222414891 }}</ref>
* An almost complete skull of ''Smilodon populator'', likely belonging to one of the largest known specimens of the genus with an estimated body mass over 400 kg, is described from the [[Earth:Lujanian|Lujanian]] [[Earth:Dolores Formation, Uruguay|Dolores Formation]] (Uruguay) by Manzuetti ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Aldo Manzuetti |author2=Daniel Perea |author3=Washington Jones |author4=Martín Ubilla |author5=Andrés Rinderknecht |year=2020 |title=An extremely large saber-tooth cat skull from Uruguay (late Pleistocene–early Holocene, Dolores Formation): body size and paleobiological implications |journal=Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=332–339 |doi=10.1080/03115518.2019.1701080 |bibcode=2020Alch...44..332M |s2cid=216505747 }}</ref>
* Fossil material of ''[[Biology:Panthera gombaszoegensis|Panthera gombaszoegensis georgica]]'', representing the first record of the Eurasian jaguar in southern Asia, is described from the middle Early Pleistocene Haro River quarry ({{wipe|Pakistan}}) by Jiangzuo & Liu (2020), who present a new dispersal scenario of the jaguar in Eurasia, and compare the morphology of the teeth of the Eurasian jaguar and [[Biology:Jaguar|the living jaguar]].<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Qigao Jiangzuo |author2=Jinyi Liu |year=2020 |title=First record of the Eurasian jaguar in southern Asia and a review of dental differences between pantherine cats |journal=Journal of Quaternary Science |volume=35 |issue=6 |pages=817–830 |doi=10.1002/jqs.3222 |bibcode=2020JQS....35..817J |s2cid=219914902 }}</ref>
* A study on the evolutionary history of the [[Biology:Panthera spelaea|cave lion]], based on data from mitochondrial genomes of cave lions from across their entire prehistoric range, is published by Stanton ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=David W. G. Stanton |author2=Federica Alberti |author3=Valery Plotnikov |author4=Semyon Androsov |author5=Semyon Grigoriev |author6=Sergey Fedorov |author7=Pavel Kosintsev |author8=Doris Nagel |author9=Sergey Vartanyan |author10=Ian Barnes |author11=Ross Barnett |author12=Erik Ersmark |author13=Doris Döppes |author14=Mietje Germonpré |author15=Michael Hofreiter |author16=Wilfried Rosendahl |author17=Pontus Skoglund |author18=Love Dalén |year=2020 |title=Early Pleistocene origin and extensive intra-species diversity of the extinct cave lion |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 12621 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-69474-1 |pmid=32724178 |pmc=7387438 |bibcode=2020NatSR..1012621S }}</ref>
* A study on the evolutionary history of lions, based on whole-genome resequencing data from a set of modern, historic, and Pleistocene lions, is published by de Manuel ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Marc de Manuel |author2=Ross Barnett |author3=Marcela Sandoval-Velasco |author4=Nobuyuki Yamaguchi |author5=Filipe Garrett Vieira |author6=M. Lisandra Zepeda Mendoza |author7=Shiping Liu |author8=Michael D. Martin |author9=Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding |author10=Sarah S. T. Mak |author11=Christian Carøe |author12=Shanlin Liu |author13=Chunxue Guo |author14=Jiao Zheng |author15=Grant Zazula |author16=Gennady Baryshnikov |author17=Eduardo Eizirik |author18=Klaus-Peter Koepfli |author19=Warren E. Johnson |author20=Agostinho Antunes |author21=Thomas Sicheritz-Ponten |author22=Shyam Gopalakrishnan |author23=Greger Larson |author24=Huanming Yang |author25=Stephen J. O'Brien |author26=Anders J. Hansen |author27=Guojie Zhang |author28=Tomas Marques-Bonet |author29=M. Thomas P. Gilbert |year=2020 |title=The evolutionary history of extinct and living lions |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=20 |pages=10927–10934 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1919423117 |pmid=32366643 |pmc=7245068 |bibcode=2020PNAS..11710927D |doi-access=free }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name !! Novelty !! Status !! Authors !! Age !! Type locality !! Country !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ''[[Biology:Agriotherium|Agriotherium hendeyi]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Qigao Jiangzuo |author2=John J. Flynn |year=2020 |title=A new species of ''Agriotherium'' from North America, and implications for understanding transformations in the metaconid-entoconid complex of bears |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=775–787 |doi=10.1007/s10914-019-09480-x |s2cid=201064589 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Jiangzuo & Flynn
| Late [[Biology:Hemphillian|Hemphillian]]
| [[Earth:Quiburis Formation|Quiburis]]
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Arizona}})
| Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.
|
|-
|
''[[Biology:Aurorarctos|Aurorarctos]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Qigao Jiangzuo |author2=John J. Flynn |year=2020 |title=The earliest ursine bear demonstrates the origin of plant-dominated omnivory in Carnivora |journal=iScience |volume=23 |issue=6 |pages=Article 101235 |doi=10.1016/j.isci.2020.101235 |pmid=32559731 |pmc=7303987 |bibcode=2020iSci...23j1235J }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
|
Jiangzuo & Flynn
|
Late [[Earth:Barstovian|Barstovian]]
|
|
{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Nebraska}})
|
A bear belonging to the subfamily Ursinae. The type species is ''A. tirawa''.
|
|-
|''Canis borjgali''<ref name=":0" />
|Sp. nov.
|Valid
|Bartolini Lucenti et al. 
|Early [[Earth:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]]
|Dmanisi
|{{Flag|Georgia}}
|An ancestor of wolf-like canids
|
|-
| ''Circamustela peignei''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alberto Valenciano |author2=Alejandro Pérez-Ramos |author3=Juan Abella |author4=Jorge Morales |year=2020 |title=A new hypercarnivorous mustelid (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from Batallones, late Miocene (MN10), Torrejón de Velasco, Madrid, Spain |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=42 |issue=8 |pages=103–121 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a8 |s2cid=215724691 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/42/8 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Valenciano ''et al.''
| Miocene (Vallesian)
| [[Biology:Cerro de los Batallones|Cerro de los Batallones]] fossil site
| {{Flag|Spain}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Mustelidae|Mustelidae]] belonging to the subfamily [[Biology:Guloninae|Guloninae]].
| 
|-
| ''Cryptailurus tinaynakti''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Paul Z. Barrett |author2=Leonard Finkelman |author3=Genevieve Perdue |author4=Win N. F. McLaughlin |author5=Dana M. Reuter |author6=Samantha S. B. Hopkins |year=2020 |title=Small carnivoran fauna of the Mascall Formation, Crooked River Basin, central Oregon |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=5 |pages=e1717506 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1717506 |s2cid=215756135 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Barrett ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Hemingfordian|Hemingfordian]]
| [[Earth:Mascall Formation|Mascall]]
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Oregon}})
| A hypercarnivorous [[Biology:Feliformia|feliform]]
| 
|-
| ''Cynelos stenos''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Robert M. Hunt Jr |author2=Daniel A. Yatkola |year=2020 |title=A new species of the amphicyonid carnivore ''Cynelos'' Jourdan, 1862 from the early Miocene of North America |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=42 |issue=5 |pages=57–67 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a5 |s2cid=212688503 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/42/5 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Hunt & Yatkola
| [[Earth:Early Miocene|Early Miocene]]
| [[Earth:Runningwater Formation|Runningwater]]
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Nebraska}})
| A [[Biology:Bear dog|bear dog]]
| 
|-
| ''[[Biology:Cynodictis|Cynodictis peignei]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Kévin Le Verger |author2=Floréal Solé |author3=Sandrine Ladevèze |year=2020 |title=Description of a new species of ''Cynodictis'' Bravard & Pomel, 1850 (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Quercy Phosphorites with comments on the use of skull morphology for phylogenetics |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=42 |issue=16 |pages=239–255 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a16 |s2cid=220281575 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/42/16 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Le Verger, Solé & Ladevèze
| Late [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]] to early [[Earth:Oligocene|Oligocene]]
| [[Earth:Quercy Phosphorites Formation|Quercy Phosphorites]]
| {{Flag|France}}
| A [[Biology:Bear dog|bear dog]]
|
|-
| ''Eodesmus''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=M. Kellum Tate-Jones |author2=Carlos M. Peredo |author3=Christopher D. Marshall |author4=Samantha S. B. Hopkins |year=2020 |title=The dawn of Desmatophocidae: a new species of basal desmatophocid seal (Mammalia, Carnivora) from the Miocene of Oregon, U.S.A. |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=e1789867 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1789867 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E9867T |s2cid=224935328 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Tate-Jones ''et al.''
| Miocene ([[Earth:Burdigalian|Burdigalian]])
| Astoria
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Oregon}})
| An early member of the family [[Biology:Desmatophocidae|Desmatophocidae]]. Genus includes new species ''E. condoni''.
| 
|-
| ''Eomonachus''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=James P. Rule |author2=Justin W. Adams |author3=Felix G. Marx |author4=Alistair R. Evans |author5=Alan J. D. Tennyson |author6=R. Paul Scofield |author7=Erich M. G. Fitzgerald |year=2020 |title=First monk seal from the Southern Hemisphere rewrites the evolutionary history of true seals |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=287 |issue=1938 |pages=Article ID 20202318 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2020.2318 |pmid=33171079 |pmc=7735288 |s2cid=226291115 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Rule ''et al.''
| Pliocene
| [[Earth:Tangahoe Formation|Tangahoe]]
| {{Flag|New Zealand}}
| A [[Biology:Monk seal|monk seal]]. Genus includes new species ''E. belegaerensis''.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Ferrucyon|Ferrucyon]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Damián Ruiz-Ramoni |author2=Francisco Juan Prevosti |author3=Saverio Bartolini Lucenti |author4=Marisol Montellano-Ballesteros |author5=Ana Luisa Carreño |year=2020 |title=The Pliocene canid ''Cerdocyon avius'' was not the type of fox that we thought |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=e1774889 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1774889 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E4889R |s2cid=222214868 }}</ref>
| Gen. et comb. nov
| Valid
| Ruiz-Ramoni ''et al.''
| Pliocene
|
| {{Flag|Mexico}}
| A [[Biology:Vulpini|vulpine]] [[Biology:Canidae|canid]]; a new genus for ''"[[Biology:Cerdocyon|Cerdocyon]]" avius''.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Jinomrefu|Jinomrefu]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Anthony R. Friscia |author2=Mathew Macharwas |author3=Samuel Muteti |author4=Francis Ndiritu |author5=D. Tab Rasmussen |year=2020 |title=A transitional mammalian carnivore community from the Paleogene–Neogene boundary in northern Kenya |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=5 |pages=e1833895 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1833895 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E3895F |s2cid=228844419 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Friscia ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Paleogene|Paleogene]]–[[Earth:Neogene|Neogene]] boundary
|
| {{Flag|Kenya}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Barbourofelidae|Barbourofelidae]]. Genus includes new species ''J. lakwanza''.
|
|-
| ''Leptoplesictis peignei''<ref name=Siamictis />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Grohé ''et al.''
| Miocene
| Mae Moh Basin
| {{Flag|Thailand}}
| A mongoose
| 
|-
| ''Lycophocyon tabrumi''<ref name=Paludicola124Lofgrenetal>{{cite journal |author1=Donald Lofgren |author2=Debra Hanneman |author3=Jackson Bibbens |author4=Liam Gerken |author5=Frank Hu |author6=Anthony Runkel |author7=Isabella Kong |author8=Andrew Tarakji |author9=Aspen Helgeson |author10=Isabel Gerard |author11=Rouqi Li |author12=Sihan Li |author13=Zhihan Ji |year=2020 |title=Eocene and Oligocene mammals from the Gravelly Range of southwest Montana |journal=Paludicola |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=263–297 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Lofgren ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
|
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Montana}})
| A [[Biology:Caniformia|caniformia]]n [[Biology:Carnivora|carnivora]]n.
|
|-
| ''Martes crassidens''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Qigao Jiangzuo |author2=Dmitriy Gimranov |author3=Jinyuan Liu |author4=Sizhao Liu |author5=Changzhu Jin |author6=Jinyi Liu |year=2020 |title=A new fossil marten from Jinyuan Cave, northeastern China reveals the origin of the Holarctic marten group |journal=Quaternary International |volume=591 |pages=47–58 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2020.10.064 |s2cid=228961050 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Jiangzuo ''et al.''
| Early [[Earth:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]]
|
| {{Flag|China}}
| A [[Biology:Marten|marten]]. Announced in 2020; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2021.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Oriensmilus|Oriensmilus]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Xiaoming Wang |author2=Stuart C. White |author3=Jian Guan |year=2020 |title=A new genus and species of sabretooth, ''Oriensmilus liupanensis'' (Barbourofelinae, Nimravidae, Carnivora), from the middle Miocene of China suggests barbourofelines are nimravids, not felids |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=18 |issue=9 |pages=783–803 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2019.1691066 |bibcode=2020JSPal..18..783W |s2cid=211545222 |url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0g62362j }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Wang, White & Guan
| [[Earth:Middle Miocene|Middle Miocene]]
| Tongxin
| {{Flag|China}}
| A [[Biology:Barbourofelidae|barbourofeline]]. Genus includes new species ''O. liupanensis''.
| 
|-
| ''[[Biology:Osodobenus|Osodobenus]]''<ref name=Osodobenus>{{Cite journal|author1=Jacob N. Biewer |author2=Jorge Velez-Juarbe |author3=James F. Parham |year=2020 |title=Insights on the dental evolution of walruses based on new fossil specimens from California |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=5 |pages=e1833896 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1833896 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E3896B |s2cid=228814992 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Biewer, Velez-Juarbe & Parham
| Miocene ([[Biology:Messinian|Messinian]])
| Capistrano
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|California}})
| A member of the family [[Biology:Odobenidae|Odobenidae]]. The type species is ''O. eodon''.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Panthera balamoides|Panthera balamoides]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Sarah R. Stinnesbeck |author2=Wolfgang Stinnesbeck |author3=Eberhard Frey |author4=Jerónimo Avilés Olguín |author5=Carmen Rojas Sandoval |author6=Adriana Velázquez Morlet |author7=Arturo H. González |year=2020 |title=''Panthera balamoides'' and other Pleistocene felids from the submerged caves of Tulum, Quintana Roo, Mexico |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=32 |issue=7 |pages=930–939 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2018.1556649 |bibcode=2020HBio...32..930S |s2cid=92328512 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Stinnesbeck ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]]
| 
| {{Flag|Mexico}}
| A species of ''[[Biology:Panthera|Panthera]]''. Announced in 2018; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.
| 
|-
| ''[[Biology:Pontolis|Pontolis barroni]]''<ref name=Osodobenus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Biewer, Velez-Juarbe & Parham
| Miocene (probably [[Biology:Tortonian|Tortonian]])
| [[Earth:Monterey Formation|Monterey]]
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|California}})
| A member of the family Odobenidae.
|
|-
| ''Pontolis kohnoi''<ref name=Osodobenus />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Biewer, Velez-Juarbe & Parham
| Miocene (Messinian)
| Capistrano
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|California}})
| A member of the family Odobenidae.
|
|-
| ''Sarcodectes''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=James P. Rule |author2=Justin W. Adams |author3=Douglass S. Rovinsky |author4=David P. Hocking |author5=Alistair R. Evans |author6=Erich M. G. Fitzgerald |year=2020 |title=A new large-bodied Pliocene seal with unusual cutting teeth |journal=Royal Society Open Science |volume=7 |issue=11 |pages=Article ID 201591 |doi=10.1098/rsos.201591 |pmid=33391813 |pmc=7735334 |bibcode=2020RSOS....701591R |s2cid=226291141 }}</ref><ref name="INV-20201113">{{cite news |last=Yarlagadda |first=Tara |title=Unusual Teeth Reveal A New Species And A Twist On Evolution |url=https://www.inverse.com/science/unusual-teeth-reveal-species |date=13 November 2020 |work=Inverse |access-date=14 November 2020 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Rule ''et al.''
| Pliocene (Zanclean)
| Yorktown
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|North Carolina}})
| An [[Biology:Earless seal|earless seal]] belonging to the subfamily [[Biology:Monachinae|Monachinae]]. The type species is ''S. magnus''.
| 
|-
| ''Siamictis''<ref name=Siamictis>{{Cite journal|author1=Camille Grohé |author2=Louis De Bonis |author3=Yaowalak Chaimanee |author4=Olivier Chavasseau |author5=Mana Rugbumrung |author6=Chotima Yamee |author7=Kantapon Suraprasit |author8=Corentin Gibert |author9=Jérôme Surault |author10=Cécile Blondel |author11=Jean-Jacques Jaeger |year=2020 |title=The late middle Miocene Mae Moh Basin of northern Thailand: the richest Neogene assemblage of Carnivora from Southeast Asia and a paleobiogeographic analysis of Miocene Asian carnivorans |journal=American Museum Novitates |issue=3952 |pages=1–57 |doi=10.1206/3952.1 |hdl=2246/7223 |s2cid=219296152 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/288354 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Grohé ''et al.''
| Miocene
| Mae Moh Basin
| {{Flag|Thailand}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Viverridae|Viverridae]] belonging to the subfamily Paradoxurinae. The type species is ''S. carbonensis''.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Siamogale|Siamogale bounosa]]''<ref name=Siamictis />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Grohé ''et al.''
| Miocene
| Mae Moh Basin
| {{Flag|Thailand}}
| An [[Biology:Otter|otter]]
| 
|-
| ''Skopelogale''<ref>{{cite journal |author=Jon A. Baskin |year=2020 |title=Mustelidae from Observation Quarry (early Barstovian) of Nebraska, with comments on Sheep Creek and Lower Snake Creek mustelids |journal=Paludicola |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=223–246 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340162988 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Baskin
| Miocene ([[Earth:Barstovian|Barstovian]])
|
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Nebraska}})
| A member of the family [[Biology:Mustelidae|Mustelidae]] of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is ''S. melitodes''.
|
|-
| ''Storchictis''<ref>{{cite journal |author=Louis de Bonis |year=2020 |title=New genus of amphicyonid carnivoran (Mammalia, Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from the phosphorites of Quercy (France) |journal=Fossil Imprint |volume=76 |issue=1 |pages=201–208 |doi=10.37520/fi.2020.013 |s2cid=229196919 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Gen. et comb. nov
| Valid
| De Bonis
| Possibly middle or late [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
| [[Earth:Quercy Phosphorites Formation|Quercy phosphorites]]
| {{Flag|France}}
| A [[Biology:Bear dog|bear dog]]. The type species is ''"Cynodon" miacinus'' Teilhard de Chardin (1915).
|
|-
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Wang ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Middle Miocene|Middle Miocene]]
| Suosuoquan
| {{Flag|China}}
| A [[Biology:Hyena|hyena]]
|
|-
| ''Vishnuonyx maemohensis''<ref name=Siamictis />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Grohé ''et al.''
| Miocene
| Mae Moh Basin
| {{Flag|Thailand}}
| An otter
| 
|-
|}

===Other laurasiatherians===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name !! Novelty !! Status !! Authors !! Age !! Type locality !! Country !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ''Africtis''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Spencer G. Mattingly |author2=K. Christopher Beard |author3=Pauline M.C. Coster |author4=Mustafa J. Salem |author5=Yaowalak Chaimanee |author6=Jean-Jacques Jaeger |year=2020 |title=A new carnivoraform from the early Oligocene of Libya: Oldest known record of Carnivoramorpha in Africa |journal=Journal of African Earth Sciences |volume=172 |pages=Article 103994 |doi=10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2020.103994 |bibcode=2020JAfES.17203994M |s2cid=225014809 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| In press
| Mattingly ''et al.''
| Early [[Earth:Oligocene|Oligocene]]
| 
| {{Flag|Libya}}
| An early member of [[Biology:Carnivoraformes|Carnivoraformes]]. Genus includes new species ''A. sirtensis''.
| 
|-
| ''Atelerix steensmai''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jan A. van Dam |author2=Pierre Mein |author3=Luis Alcalá |year=2020 |title=Late Miocene Erinaceinae from the Teruel Basin (Spain) |journal=Geobios |volume=61 |pages=61–81 |doi=10.1016/j.geobios.2020.06.002 |bibcode=2020Geobi..61...61V |s2cid=225545489 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Van Dam, Mein & Alcalá
| Late Miocene
| Teruel Basin
| {{Flag|Spain}}
| A [[Biology:Hedgehog|hedgehog]], a species of ''[[Biology:Atelerix|Atelerix]]''.
| 
|-
| ''Desmana marci''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Raef Minwer-Barakat |author2=Antonio García-Alix |author3=Elvira Martín-Suárez |author4=Matthijs Freudenthal |year=2020 |title=Early Pliocene Desmaninae (Mammalia, Talpidae) from Southern Spain and the Origin of the Genus ''Desmana'' |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=5 |pages=e1835936 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1835936 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E5936M |s2cid=228905970 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Minwer-Barakat ''et al.''
| Early Pliocene
|
| {{Flag|Spain}}
| A relative of the [[Biology:Russian desman|Russian desman]].
|
|-
| ''Ereberix''<ref>{{Cite journal|author=A. V. Lopatin |year=2020 |title=A new genus of the Brachyericinae (Erinaceidae, Erinaceomorpha) from the Lower Miocene of Mongolia |journal=Doklady Biological Sciences |volume=491 |issue=1 |pages=67–70 |doi=10.1134/S0012496620020064 |pmid=32483713 |s2cid=219156712 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Lopatin
| Early Miocene
| Loo
| {{Flag|Mongolia}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Erinaceidae|Erinaceidae]]. Genus includes new species ''E. erebericulus''.
| 
|-
| ''Lantanotherium anthrace''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Florentin Cailleux |author2=Yaowalak Chaimanee |author3=Jean-Jacques Jaeger |author4=Olivier Chavasseau |year=2020 |title=New Erinaceidae (Eulipotyphla, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of Mae Moh, Northern Thailand |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=e1783277 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1783277 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E3277C |s2cid=224896080 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Cailleux ''et al.''
| Miocene
| Mae Moh
| {{Flag|Thailand}}
| A gymnure.
|
|-
| ''Leonhardtina meridianum''<ref name=Geodiversitas4213>{{Cite journal|author1=Floréal Solé |author2=Bernard Marandat |author3=Fabrice Lihoreau |year=2020 |title=The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=42 |issue=13 |pages=185–214 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13 |s2cid=219585388 |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/42/13 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Solé, Marandat & Lihoreau
| [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
|
| {{Flag|France}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Hyaenodontidae|Hyaenodontidae]].
|
|-
| ''Matthodon peignei''<ref name=Geodiversitas4213 />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Solé, Marandat & Lihoreau
| Eocene
|
| {{Flag|France}}
| A member of the family Hyaenodontidae.
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Mesolicaphrium|Mesolicaphrium]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Andrew J. McGrath |author2=Federico Anaya |author3=Darin A. Croft |year=2020 |title=New proterotheriids (Litopterna, Mammalia) from the middle Miocene of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia, and trends in diversity and body size of proterotheriid and macraucheniid litopterns |journal=Ameghiniana |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=159–188 |doi=10.5710/AMGH.03.03.2020.3268 |s2cid=216236954 }}</ref>
| Gen. et comb. nov
| Valid
| McGrath, Anaya & Croft
| Miocene ([[Earth:Laventan|Laventan]])
| [[Earth:Honda Group, Colombia|Honda Group]] ([[Earth:La Venta (Colombia)|La Venta]])
| {{Flag|Colombia}}
| A member of [[Biology:Litopterna|Litopterna]] belonging to the family [[Biology:Proterotheriidae|Proterotheriidae]], a new genus for "''[[Biology:Prolicaphrium|Prolicaphrium]]" sanalfonensis''.
| 
|-
| ''Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis''<ref name=Geodiversitas4213 />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Solé, Marandat & Lihoreau
| Eocene
|
| {{Flag|France}}
| A member of the family Hyaenodontidae.
|
|-
| ''Plioblarinella''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Wighart v. Koenigswald |author2=Jelle W. F. Reumer |year=2020 |title=The enamel microstructure of fossil and extant shrews (Soricidae and Heterosoricidae, Mammalia) and its taxonomical significance |journal=Palaeontographica Abteilung A |volume=316 |issue=1–6 |pages=79–163 |doi=10.1127/pala/2020/0095 |bibcode=2020PalAA.316...79V |s2cid=216521827 }}</ref>
| Gen. et comb. nov
| Valid
| Koenigswald & Reumer
| Pliocene
| 
| {{Flag|Austria}}
| A shrew belonging to the tribe [[Biology:Blarinellini|Blarinellini]]; a new genus for ''"Petenyia" dubia''
| 
|-
| ''[[Biology:Proscalops|Proscalops brevidens]]''<ref name=Paludicola131Korth>{{cite journal |author=William W. Korth |year=2020 |title=Mammals from the Blue Ash local fauna (Whitneyan, Oligocene), South Dakota. Insectivorans (Leptictida, Apatotheria, Lipotyphla) |journal=Paludicola |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=33–47 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth
| [[Earth:Oligocene|Oligocene]] ([[Biology:Whitneyan|Whitneyan]])
|
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|South Dakota}})
| A [[Biology:Soricomorpha|soricomorph]].
|
|-
| ''Pseudobrachytherium''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Andrea Corona |author2=Ana Clara Badín |author3=Daniel Perea |author4=Martín Ubilla |author5=Gabriela Inés Schmidt |year=2020 |title=A new genus and species and additional reports of the native South American ungulates Proterotheriidae (Mammalia, Litopterna) in the Late Miocene of Uruguay |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |volume=102 |pages=Article 102646 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102646 |s2cid=219425197 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Corona ''et al.''
| Miocene ([[Biology:Huayquerian|Huayquerian]])
| Camacho
| {{Flag|Uruguay}}
| A member of Litopterna belonging to the family Proterotheriidae. Genus includes new species ''P. breve''.
| 
|-
| ''Pseudotrimylus metaxy''<ref name=Paludicola131Korth />
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Korth
| Oligocene (Whitneyan)
|
| {{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|South Dakota}})
| A shrew belonging to the subfamily Heterosoricinae. Originally described as a species of ''Pseudotrimylus'', but subsequently transferred to the genus ''Noritrimylus''.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=William W. Korth |author2=Clint A. Boyd |author3=Jeff J. Person |author4=Deborah Anderson |year=2022 |title=Fossil Mammals from ant mounds situated on exposures of the Big Cottonwood Creek Member of the Chadron Formation (latest Eocene-early Oligocene), Sioux County, Nebraska |journal=Paludicola |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=191–344 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361037651 }}</ref>
|
|-
| ''[[Biology:Rodcania|Rodcania]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Javier N. Gelfo |author2=Daniel A. García-López |author3=Lilian P. Bergqvist |year=2020 |title=Phylogenetic relationships and palaeobiology of a new xenungulate (Mammalia: Eutheria) from the Palaeogene of Argentina |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=18 |issue=12 |pages=993–1007 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2020.1715496 |bibcode=2020JSPal..18..993G |s2cid=213052956 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Gelfo, García-López & Bergqvist
| [[Earth:Paleocene|Paleocene]]
| [[Earth:Río Loro Formation|Río Loro]]
| {{Flag|Argentina}}
| A member of [[Biology:Xenungulata|Xenungulata]]. Genus includes new species ''R. kakan''.
|
|-
| ''Saltaodus''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Javier N. Gelfo |author2=Ricardo N. Alonso |author3=Richard H. Madden |author4=Alfredo A. Carlini |year=2020 |title=An Eocene bunodont South American native ungulate (Didolodontidae) from the Lumbrera Formation, Salta Province, Argentina |journal=Ameghiniana |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=132–145 |doi=10.5710/AMGH.29.11.2019.3293 |s2cid=212862646 }}</ref>
| Gen. et sp. nov
| Valid
| Gelfo ''et al.''
| [[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]]
| Lumbrera
| {{Flag|Argentina}}
| A native South American ungulate belonging to the family [[Biology:Didolodontidae|Didolodontidae]]. Genus includes new species ''S. sirolli''. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.
| 
|-
| ''Suncus honeyi''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Lawrence J. Flynn |author2=Louis L. Jacobs |author3=Yuri Kimura |author4=Louis H. Taylor |author5=Yukimitsu Tomida |year=2020 |title=Siwalik fossil Soricidae: a calibration point for the molecular phylogeny of ''Suncus'' |journal=Paludicola |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=247–258 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344285683 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Flynn ''et al.''
| Late Miocene
| Dhok Pathan<br>Nagri
| {{Flag|Pakistan}}
| A shrew, a species of ''[[Biology:Suncus|Suncus]]''
|
|-
|}

====Miscellaneous laurasiatherian research====
* A review of the origins, evolution and paleoecology of major [[Biology:Clade|clade]]s of extinct native South American ungulates is published by Croft, Gelfo & López (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Darin A. Croft |author2=Javier N. Gelfo |author3=Guillermo M. López |year=2020 |title=Splendid innovation: the extinct South American native ungulates |journal=Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences |volume=48 |pages= 259–290|doi=10.1146/annurev-earth-072619-060126 |bibcode=2020AREPS..48..259C |s2cid=213737574 }}</ref>
* Redescription of the type material of ''[[Biology:Carodnia|Carodnia]] feruglioi'', providing new information on the anatomy of this species, is published by Vera, Fornasiero & del Favero (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Bárbara Vera |author2=Mariagabriella Fornasiero |author3=Letizia del Favero |year=2020 |title=New data on ''Carodnia feruglioi'' (Carodniidae, Xenungulata) from the early Eocene of Patagonia (Argentina) |journal=Ameghiniana |volume=57 |issue=6 |pages=566–581 |doi=10.5710/AMGH.02.08.2020.3349 |s2cid=226537803 }}</ref>
* A study on the phylogenetic relationships of the [[Biology:Litopterna|litopterns]] is published by Chimento & Agnolin (2020), who recover the litopterns as [[Biology:Panperissodactyla|pan-perissodactyls]], and evaluate the [[Earth:Biogeography#Paleobiogeography|palaeobiogeographical]] implications of litoptern affinities.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Nicolás R. Chimento |author2=Federico L. Agnolin |year=2020 |title=Phylogenetic tree of Litopterna and Perissodactyla indicates a complex early history of hoofed mammals |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 13280 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-70287-5 |pmid=32764723 |pmc=7413542 |bibcode=2020NatSR..1013280C }}</ref>
* A study on the dietary habits of ''[[Biology:Macrauchenia|Macrauchenia]] patachonica'' and ''[[Biology:Xenorhinotherium|Xenorhinotherium]] bahiense'' is published by de Oliveira ''et al.'' (2020);<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Karoliny de Oliveira |author2=Thaísa Araújo |author3=Alline Rotti |author4=Dimila Mothé |author5=Florent Rivals |author6=Leonardo S. Avilla |year=2020 |title=Fantastic beasts and what they ate: Revealing feeding habits and ecological niche of late Quaternary Macraucheniidae from South America |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=231 |pages=Article 106178 |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106178 |bibcode=2020QSRv..23106178D |s2cid=213795563 }}</ref> the study is subsequently criticized by Dantas, Lobo & Bernardes (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Mário André Trindade Dantas |author2=Leonardo Souza Lobo |author3=Camila Bernardes |year=2020 |title=Comments on "fantastic beasts and what they ate: Revealing feeding habits and ecological niche of late Quaternary Macraucheniidae from South America" by K. de oliveira, T. Araújo, A. Rotti, D. Mothé, F. Rivals, L.S. Avilla, quaternary science reviews 231 (2020) 106178 |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=250 |pages=Article 106662 |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106662 |bibcode=2020QSRv..25006662D }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Karoliny de Oliveira |author2=Thaísa Araújo |author3=Alline Rotti |author4=Dimila Mothé |author5=Florent Rivals |author6=Leonardo S. Avilla |year=2020 |title=In defense of fantastic beasts and what they ate: A case reinforcing the importance of taxonomy for paleoecology |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=250 |pages=Article 106660 |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106660 |bibcode=2020QSRv..25006660D |s2cid=228993658 }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy, phylogenetic relationships and likely diet and locomotion of ''[[Biology:Cambaytherium|Cambaytherium]]'' is published by Rose ''et al.'' (2020), who also name a new clade Perissodactylamorpha containing the group Anthracobunia and odd-toed ungulates.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Kenneth D. Rose |author2=Luke T. Holbrook |author3=Kishor Kumar |author4=Rajendra S. Rana |author5=Heather E. Ahrens |author6=Rachel H. Dunn |author7=Annelise Folie |author8=Katrina E. Jones |author9=Thierry Smith |year=2020 |title=Anatomy, Relationships, and Paleobiology of ''Cambaytherium'' (Mammalia, Perissodactylamorpha, Anthracobunia) from the lower Eocene of western India |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=Supplement |pages=1–147 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1761370 |s2cid=226263139 }}</ref>

==Other eutherians==
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name !! Novelty !! Status !! Authors !! Age !! Type locality !! Country !! Notes !! Images
|-
| ''[[Biology:Bisonalveus|Bisonalveus gracilis]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Richard C. Fox |author2=Craig S. Scott |year=2020 |title=''Bisonalveus gracilis'' n. sp. (Pentacodontidae, Cimolesta): novel dental adaptations and their paleobiological implications in a small Paleocene mammal |journal=Palaeontographica Abteilung A |volume=315 |issue=1–4 |pages=67–119 |doi=10.1127/pala/2020/0087 |bibcode=2020PalAA.315...67F |s2cid=214474118 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Fox & Scott
| [[Earth:Paleocene|Paleocene]] ([[Biology:Tiffanian|Tiffanian]])
| [[Earth:Paskapoo Formation|Paskapoo]]
| {{Flag|Canada}}<br>({{Flag|Alberta}})
| A member of the family Pentacodontidae.
| 
|-
| ''[[Biology:Wyonycteris|Wyonycteris kingi]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Jerry J. Hooker |year=2020 |title=A mammal fauna from the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum of Croydon, London, UK |journal=Proceedings of the Geologists' Association |volume=131 |issue=5 |pages=458–473 |doi=10.1016/j.pgeola.2018.01.001 |bibcode=2020PrGA..131..458H |s2cid=134941309 }}</ref>
| Sp. nov
| Valid
| Hooker
| [[Earth:Paleogene|Paleogene]]
| Woolwich
| {{Flag|United Kingdom}}
| A member of the family [[Biology:Nyctitheriidae|Nyctitheriidae]]. Announced in 2018; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.
|
|-
|}

===Miscellaneous eutherian research===
* Eberle, von Koenigswald & Eberth (2020) study the [[Biology:Tooth enamel|enamel]] microstructure of mammalian tooth fragments from the Strathcona Fiord Fossil Forest (Eocene Margaret Formation; Ellesmere Island, {{wipe|Canada}}), and identify them as teeth of ''[[Biology:Coryphodon|Coryphodon]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Jaelyn J. Eberle |author2=Wighart von Koenigswald |author3=David A. Eberth |year=2020 |title=Using tooth enamel microstructure to identify mammalian fossils at an Eocene Arctic forest |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=15 |issue=9 |pages=e0239073 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0239073 |pmid=32966343 |pmc=7511010 |bibcode=2020PLoSO..1539073E |doi-access=free }}</ref>

===General eutherian research===
* A study on the evolution of feeding strategies in marine mammals throughout their evolutionary history is published by Berta & Lanzetti (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Annalisa Berta |author2=Agnese Lanzetti |year=2020 |title=Feeding in marine mammals: An integration of evolution and ecology through time |journal=Palaeontologia Electronica |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=Article number 23(2):a40 |doi=10.26879/951 |s2cid=221505886 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on zinc isotope ratios in [[Biology:Tooth enamel|tooth enamel]] of Late Pleistocene mammals from the Tam Hay Marklot cave (Laos) is published by Bourgon ''et al.'' (2020), who evaluate potential utility of zinc isotopes as dietary tracers in paleontology and archeology.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Nicolas Bourgon |author2=Klervia Jaouen |author3=Anne-Marie Bacon |author4=Klaus Peter Jochum |author5=Elise Dufour |author6=Philippe Duringer |author7=Jean-Luc Ponche |author8=Renaud Joannes-Boyau |author9=Quentin Boesch |author10=Pierre-Olivier Antoine |author11=Manon Hullot |author12=Ulrike Weis |author13=Ellen Schulz-Kornas |author14=Manuel Trost |author15=Denis Fiorillo |author16=Fabrice Demeter |author17=Elise Patole-Edoumba |author18=Laura L. Shackelford |author19=Tyler E. Dunn |author20=Alexandra Zachwieja |author21=Somoh Duangthongchit |author22=Thongsa Sayavonkhamdy |author23=Phonephanh Sichanthongtip |author24=Daovee Sihanam |author25=Viengkeo Souksavatdy |author26=Jean-Jacques Hublin |author27=Thomas Tütken |year=2020 |title=Zinc isotopes in Late Pleistocene fossil teeth from a Southeast Asian cave setting preserve paleodietary information |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=9 |pages=4675–4681 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1911744117 |pmid=32071235 |pmc=7060694 |bibcode=2020PNAS..117.4675B |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the dietary patterns of nine herbivore families from the [[Earth:Shungura Formation|Shungura Formation]] (Ethiopia) throughout the late Pliocene and early Pleistocene, as indicated by carbon isotope data from fossil teeth, is published by Negash ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Enquye W. Negash |author2=Zeresenay Alemseged |author3=René Bobe |author4=Frederick Grine |author5=Matt Sponheimer |author6=Jonathan G. Wynn |year=2020 |title=Dietary trends in herbivores from the Shungura Formation, southwestern Ethiopia |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=36 |pages=21921–21927 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2006982117 |pmid=32839326 |pmc=7486712 |bibcode=2020PNAS..11721921N |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* Hominin and non-hominin mammal footprints and fossils dating to the [[Earth:Eemian|last interglacial]] are reported from the Alathar lacustrine deposit in the western Nefud Desert (Saudi Arabia) by Stewart ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret this finding as likely to be the earliest evidence of ''Homo sapiens'' in the [[Place:Arabian Peninsula|Arabian Peninsula]] reported so far.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Mathew Stewart |author2=Richard Clark-Wilson |author3=Paul S. Breeze |author4=Klint Janulis |author5=Ian Candy |author6=Simon J. Armitage |author7=David B. Ryves |author8=Julien Louys |author9=Mathieu Duval |author10=Gilbert J. Price |author11=Patrick Cuthbertson |author12=Marco A. Bernal |author13=Nick A. Drake |author14=Abdullah M. Alsharekh |author15=Badr Zahrani |author16=Abdulaziz Al-Omari |author17=Patrick Roberts |author18=Huw S. Groucutt |author19=Michael D. Petraglia |year=2020 |title=Human footprints provide snapshot of last interglacial ecology in the Arabian interior |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=38 |pages=eaba8940 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aba8940 |pmid=32948582 |pmc=7500939 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.8940S }}</ref>
* A study on ancient DNA recovered from fragmented [[Biology:Bovidae|bovid]] and rhinoceros specimens from the [[History:Neolithic|Neolithic]] site of Shannashuzha is published by Chen ''et al.'' (2020), who interpret their findings as indicating that the [[Biology:Gaur|gaur]] and a rhinoceros closely related to the extant [[Biology:Sumatran rhinoceros|Sumatran rhinoceros]] lived as far north as the margin of the northeastern [[Place:Tibetan Plateau|Tibetan Plateau]] during the late Neolithic.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Ningbo Chen |author2=Lele Ren |author3=Linyao Du |author4=Jiawen Hou |author5=Victoria E. Mullin |author6=Duo Wu |author7=Xueye Zhao |author8=Chunmei Li |author9=Jiahui Huang |author10=Xuebin Qi |author11=Marco Rosario Capodiferro |author12=Alessandro Achilli |author13=Chuzhao Lei |author14=Fahu Chen |author15=Bing Su |author16=Guanghui Dong |author17=Xiaoming Zhang |year=2020 |title=Ancient genomes reveal tropical bovid species in the Tibetan Plateau contributed to the prevalence of hunting game until the late Neolithic |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=45 |pages=28150–28159 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2011696117 |pmid=33077602 |pmc=7668038 |bibcode=2020PNAS..11728150C |doi-access=free }}</ref>

==Metatherians==
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
!Name
!Novelty
!Status
!Authors
!Age
!Type locality
!Country
!Notes
!Images
|-
|
''Amphidolops intermedius''<ref name=Hypodolops />
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Chornogubsky
|
Eocene
|
Huancache Formation<br>[[Earth:Laguna del Hunco Formation|Laguna del Hunco Formation]]
|
{{Flag|Argentina}}
|
A member of [[Biology:Polydolopimorphia|Polydolopimorphia]] belonging to the family [[Biology:Polydolopidae|Polydolopidae]].
|
|-
|
''Amphidolops minimus''<ref name=Hypodolops />
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Chornogubsky
|
Eocene
|
Tufolitas Laguna del Hunco
|
{{Flag|Argentina}}
|
A member of Polydolopimorphia belonging to the family Polydolopidae.
|
|-
|
''Apeirodon''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=María Judith Babot |author2=Guillermo W. Rougier |author3=Daniel García-Lopez |author4=Brian M. Davis |year=2020 |title=New small bunodont metatherian from the Late Eocene of the Argentinean Puna |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=373–384 |doi=10.1007/s10914-019-09468-7 |s2cid=170078262 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Babot ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]] ([[Earth:Priabonian|Priabonian]])
|
[[Earth:Geste Formation|Geste Formation]]
|
{{Flag|Argentina}}
|
A small bunodont metatherian, possibly an early divergent member of [[Biology:Polydolopimorphia|Polydolopimorphia]].<br/> Type species ''A. sorianoi''.<br/> Announced in 2019; final published article in 2020.
|
|-
|
''Aquiladelphis analetris''<ref name=Scalaria>{{Cite journal|author1=Joshua E. Cohen |author2=Brian M. Davis |author3=Richard L. Cifelli |year=2020 |title=Geologically oldest Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Marsupialiformes) from the Late Cretaceous of North America, with implications for taxonomy and diet of earliest Late Cretaceous mammals |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=5 |pages=e1835935 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1835935 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40E5935C |s2cid=228856795 }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Cohen, Davis & Cifelli
|
[[Earth:Late Cretaceous|Late Cretaceous]]
|
Judith River Formation
|
{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Montana}})
|
An Aquiladelphidae Pediomyoidea.
|
|-
|
''Australogale''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Russell K. Engelman |author2=Federico Anaya |author3=Darin A. Croft |year=2020 |title=''Australogale leptognathus'', gen. et sp. nov., a second species of small sparassodont (Mammalia: Metatheria) from the middle Miocene locality of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=37–54 |doi=10.1007/s10914-018-9443-z |s2cid=49473591 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Engelman, Anaya & Croft
|
[[Earth:Laventan|Laventan]] ([[Earth:Serravallian|Serravallian]])
|
Honda Group
|
{{Flag|Bolivia}}
|
A member of [[Biology:Sparassodonta|Sparassodonta]].<br/>Type species ''A. leptognathus''.<br/> Announced in 2018; final published article in 2020.
| 
|-
|
''Copedelphys superstes''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=William W. Korth |author2=Clint A. Boyd |author3=Robert J. Emry |author4=Jeff J. Person |year=2020 |title=Marsupials (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Brule Formation (Whitneyan, Oligocene) North Dakota |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=95 |issue=1 |pages=193–204 |doi=10.1017/jpa.2020.41 |s2cid=225581853 }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Korth ''et al.''
|
[[Biology:Whitneyan|Whitneyan]]
|
Brule Formation
|
{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|North Dakota}})
|
A member of the family [[Biology:Herpetotheriidae|Herpetotheriidae]].
|
|-
|
''[[Biology:Eomakhaira|Eomakhaira]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Russell K. Engelman |author2=John J. Flynn |author3=André R. Wyss |author4=Darin A. Croft |year=2020 |title=''Eomakhaira molossus'', a new saber-toothed sparassodont (Metatheria: Thylacosmilinae) from the early Oligocene (?Tinguirirican) Cachapoal locality, Andean Main Range, Chile |journal=American Museum Novitates |issue=3957 |pages=1–75 |doi=10.1206/3957.1 |hdl=2246/7235 |s2cid=220601822 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/174906 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Engelman ''et al.''
|
Early Oligocene
|
[[Earth:Abanico Formation|Abanico Formation]]
|
{{Flag|Chile}}
|
A Thylacosmilinae Sparassodonta.<br/> Type species is ''E. molossus''.
|
|-
|
''Glasbius piceanus''<ref name=Scalaria />
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Cohen, Davis & Cifelli
|
Late Cretaceous ([[Earth:Edmontonian|Edmontonian]])
|
[[Earth:Williams Fork Formation|Williams Fork Formation]]
|
{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Colorado}})
|
|
|-
|
''Hypodolops''<ref name=Hypodolops>{{cite journal |author=Laura Chornogubsky |year=2020 |title=Interrelationships of Polydolopidae (Mammalia: Marsupialia) from South America and Antarctica |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=192 |issue=4 |pages=1195–1236 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa143 |doi-access=free |hdl=11336/131166 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Chornogubsky
|
Eocene
|
Huancache<br>Tufolitas Laguna del Hunco
|
{{Flag|Argentina}}
|
A Polydolopidae Polydolopimorphia.<br/> Type species is ''H. sapoensis''.
|
|-
|
''[[Biology:Lekaneleo|Lekaneleo]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Anna K. Gillespie |author2=Michael Archer |author3=Suzanne J. Hand |year=2020 |title=''Lekaneleo'', a new genus of marsupial lion (Marsupialia, Thylacoleonidae) from the Oligocene–Miocene of Australia, and the craniodental morphology of ''L. roskellyae'', comb. nov. |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=5 |pages=e1703722 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1703722 |s2cid=214332715 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et comb. nov
|
Valid
|
Gillespie, Archer & Hand
|
[[Earth:Oligocene|Oligocene]]–Miocene
|
Riversleigh
|
{{Flag|Australia}}
|
A [[Biology:Thylacoleonidae|marsupial lion]];<br/> A new genus for ''"Priscileo" roskellyae'' Gillespie (1997)
|
|-
|
''Mukupirna''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Robin M. D. Beck |author2=Julien Louys |author3=Philippa Brewer |author4=Michael Archer |author5=Karen H. Black |author6=Richard H. Tedford |year=2020 |title=A new family of diprotodontian marsupials from the latest Oligocene of Australia and the evolution of wombats, koalas, and their relatives (Vombatiformes) |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 9741 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-66425-8 |pmid=32587406 |pmc=7316786 |bibcode=2020NatSR..10.9741B }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Beck ''et al.''
|
Late [[Earth:Oligocene|Oligocene]]
|
Namba Formation
|
{{Flag|Australia}}
|
A member of Vombatoidea.<br/> Type species is ''M. nambensis''.
|
|-
|
''Pujatodon''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Francisco J. Goin |author2=Emma C. Vieytes |author3=Javier N. Gelfo |author4=Laura Chornogubsky |author5=Ana N. Zimicz |author6=Marcelo A. Reguero |year=2020 |title=New metatherian mammal from the early Eocene of Antarctica |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=17–36 |doi=10.1007/s10914-018-9449-6 |s2cid=91932037 |url=http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/131626 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Goin ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Eocene|Eocene]] ([[Earth:Ypresian|Ypresian]])
|
[[Earth:La Meseta Formation|La Meseta Formation]]
|
[[Earth:Antarctica|Antarctica]]<br>(Seymour Island)
|
A probable [[Biology:Polydolopimorphia|Polydolopimorphia]].<br/> Type species ''P. ektopos''.<br/> Announced in 2018; final article version published in 2020.
| 
|-
|
''[[Biology:Scalaridelphys|Scalaria]]''<ref name=Scalaria />
|
Gen. et 2 sp. nov
|
Junior homonym
|
Cohen, Davis & Cifelli
|
[[Earth:Late Cretaceous|Late Cretaceous]] ([[Earth:Turonian|Turonian]])
|
[[Earth:Straight Cliffs Formation|Straight Cliffs Formation]]
|
{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Utah}})
|
An aquiladelphid Pediomyoidea.<br/> Genus includes new species ''S. martini'' and ''S. aquilana''.<br/> "''Scalaria''" is preoccupied by ''Scalaria'' Lamarck (1801). The replacement name ''Scalaridelphys'' was coined in 2021.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Joshua E. Cohen |author2=Brian M. Davis |author3=Richard L. Cifelli |year=2021 |title=''Scalaridelphys'' Nom. Nov. A New Replacement Name for ''Scalaria'' Cohen et al., 2020 (Marsupialiformes, Aquiladelphidae) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=6 |pages=e1877721 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2021.1877721 |s2cid=233906635 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
|-
|}

===Metatherian research===
* Two isolated teeth of [[Biology:Stagodontidae|stagodontid]] metatherians are described from the [[Earth:Cenomanian|Cenomanian]] of {{wipe|France}} by Vullo ''et al.'' (2020), representing the first reported occurrence of stagodontids in Europe.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Romain Vullo |author2=Emmanuel Gheerbrant |author3=Simon Beurel |author4=Michaël Swajda |author5=Didier Néraudeau |year=2020 |title=A stagodontid mammal from the mid-Cretaceous of France confirms the Euramerican distribution of early marsupialiforms |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=560 |pages=Article 110034 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.110034 |bibcode=2020PPP...56010034V |s2cid=224899397 |url=https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-02957338/document }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the skull of ''[[Biology:Andinodelphys|Andinodelphys]] cochabambensis'', and on the phylogenetic relationships of this species, is published by de Muizon & Ladevèze (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Christian de Muizon |author2=Sandrine Ladevèze |year=2020 |title=Cranial anatomy of ''Andinodelphys cochabambensis'', a stem metatherian from the early Palaeocene of Bolivia |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=42 |issue=30 |pages=597–739 |doi=10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a30 |s2cid=231578938 |url=https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/en/periodiques/geodiversitas/42/30 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study comparing the anatomy of the skull and teeth of ''[[Biology:Thylacosmilus|Thylacosmilus]] atrox'' and [[Biology:Placentalia|placental]] saber-toothed carnivores is published by Janis ''et al.'' (2020), who question the interpretation of ''T. atrox'' as having a similar type of predatory behavior to placental saber-tooths, and consider it unlikely that ''T. atrox'' used its [[Biology:Canine tooth|canines]] to dispatch its prey.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Christine M. Janis |author2=Borja Figueirido |author3=Larisa DeSantis |author4=Stephan Lautenschlager |year=2020 |title=An eye for a tooth: ''Thylacosmilus'' was not a marsupial "saber-tooth predator" |journal=PeerJ |volume=8 |pages=e9346 |doi=10.7717/peerj.9346 |pmid=32617190 |pmc=7323715 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the petrosal and inner ear of ''[[Biology:Peratherium|Peratherium]] elegans'' and ''[[Biology:Amphiperatherium|Amphiperatherium]] elegans'', and on its implications for the knowledge of the phylogenetic relationships of [[Biology:Herpetotheriidae|herpetotheriids]] and peradectids, is published online by Ladevèze, Selva & de Muizon (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Sandrine Ladevèze |author2=Charlène Selva |author3=Christian de Muizon |year=2020 |title=What are "opossum-like" fossils? The phylogeny of herpetotheriid and peradectid metatherians, based on new features from the petrosal anatomy |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=18 |issue=17 |pages=1463–1479 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2020.1772387 |bibcode=2020JSPal..18.1463L |s2cid=221060039 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03099643/file/Ladeveze_EtAl_2020_Herpeto_JSP.pdf }}</ref>
* A study on the anatomy of the teeth of ''Groeberia'', and on the phylogenetic affinities of this genus, is published by Zimicz & Goin (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ana Natalia Zimicz |author2=Francisco Javier Goin |year=2020 |title=A reassessment of the genus ''Groeberia'' Patterson, 1952 (Mammalia, Metatheria): functional and phylogenetic implications |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=18 |issue=12 |pages=975–992 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2019.1706195 |bibcode=2020JSPal..18..975Z |s2cid=213546042 }}</ref>
* A study on the relationship between variation in skull and mandibular shape of extant and extinct [[Biology:Macropodiformes|macropodiforms]] and ecological factors such as diet, locomotion and body mass, and on the implications of this relationship for the knowledge of the feeding ecology of the fossil macropodiforms from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, is published online by Butler ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Kaylene Butler |author2=Kenny J. Travouillon |author3=Alistair R. Evans |author4=Laura Murphy |author5=Gilbert J. Price |author6=Michael Archer |author7=Suzanne J. Hand |author8=Vera Weisbecker |year=2020 |title=3D morphometric analysis reveals similar ecomorphs for early kangaroos (Macropodidae) and fanged kangaroos (Balbaridae) from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Australia |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=199–219 |doi=10.1007/s10914-020-09507-8 |s2cid=219567824 |url=https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/aa690a23-e159-48b7-b6ac-13f2c32152ca }}</ref>
* A study on the morphology of the [[Biology:Humerus|humeri]] of fossil kangaroos belonging to the subfamily [[Biology:Sthenurinae|Sthenurinae]] and of ''[[Biology:Protemnodon|Protemnodon]]'', evaluating its implications for the knowledge of the mode of locomotion in these marsupials, is published online by Janis ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Christine M. Janis |author2=James G. Napoli |author3=Coral Billingham |author4=Alberto Martín-Serra  |year=2020 |title=Proximal humerus morphology indicates divergent patterns of locomotion in extinct giant kangaroos |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=627–647 |doi=10.1007/s10914-019-09494-5 |s2cid=210670938 |doi-access=free |hdl=1983/d2a6d04f-cf71-4607-8cb4-48465ccb91b7 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
*The hypothesis that marsupial forelimbs are restricted by long-term developmental constraints resulting from their reproductive strategy, is challenged in a paper to be published by Martin-Serra and Benson (2020).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://amnat.org/an/newpapers/Mar-Martin-Serra.html|title=Developmental constraints do not influence long-term phenotypic evolution of marsupial forelimbs as revealed by interspecific disparity and integration patterns|website=amnat.org|access-date=2019-12-28}}</ref>

==Allotheria==
===Euharamiyida===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
!Name 
!Novelty
!Status
!Authors
!Age
!Type locality
!Country
!Notes
!Images
|-
|
''Cryoharamiya''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Alexander O. Averianov |author2=Thomas Martin |author3=Alexey V. Lopatin |author4=Pavel P. Skutschas |author5=Rico Schellhorn |author6=Petr N. Kolosov |author7=Dmitry D. Vitenko |year=2020 |title=A new euharamiyidan mammaliaform from the Lower Cretaceous of Yakutia, Russia |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=39 |issue=6 |pages=e1762089 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2019.1762089 |s2cid=220548470}}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Averianov ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Early Cretaceous|Early Cretaceous]]
|
[[Earth:Batylykh Formation|Batylykh Formation]]
|
{{Flag|Russia}}<br>({{Flag|Sakha}})
|
An [[Biology:Euharamiyida|euharamiyida]]n of uncertain phylogenetic placement.<br /> Type species is ''C. tarda''.
| 
|-
|}

===Gondwanatheria===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
!Name 
!Novelty
!Status
!Authors
!Age
!Type locality
!Country
!Notes
!Images
|-
|
''[[Biology:Adalatherium|Adalatherium]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=David W. Krause |author2=Simone Hoffmann |author3=Yaoming Hu |author4=John R. Wible |author5=Guillermo W. Rougier |author6=E. Christopher Kirk |author7=Joseph R. Groenke |author8=Raymond R. Rogers |author9=James B. Rossie |author10=Julia A. Schultz |author11=Alistair R. Evans |author12=Wighart von Koenigswald |author13=Lydia J. Rahantarisoa |year=2020 |title=Skeleton of a Cretaceous mammal from Madagascar reflects long-term insularity |journal=Nature |volume=581 |issue=7809 |pages=421–427 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2234-8 |pmid=32461642 |bibcode=2020Natur.581..421K |s2cid=216650606 |url=https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/885b5cf0-4087-4b3a-a3ac-bfffd478f2ba }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=David W. Krause |author2=Joseph R. Groenke |author3=Simone Hoffmann |author4=Raymond R. Rogers |author5=Lydia J. Rahantarisoa |year=2020 |title=Introduction to ''Adalatherium hui'' (Gondwanatheria, Mammalia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=Supplement |pages=4–18 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1805455 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40S...4K |s2cid=230558297 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=David W. Krause |author2=Simone Hoffmann |author3=James B. Rossie |author4=Yaoming Hu |author5=John R. Wible |author6=Guillermo W. Rougier |author7=E. Christopher Kirk |author8=Joseph R. Groenke |year=2020 |title=Craniofacial morphology of ''Adalatherium hui'' (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=Supplement |pages=19–66 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1808665 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40S..19K |s2cid=230968119 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Simone Hoffmann |author2=E. Christopher Kirk |year=2020 |title=Inner ear morphology of ''Adalatherium hui'' (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=Supplement |pages=67–80 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1800719 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40S..67H |s2cid=230968195 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=David W. Krause |author2=Simone Hoffmann |author3=John R. Wible |author4=Guillermo W. Rougier |year=2020 |title=Lower jaw morphology of ''Adalatherium hui'' (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=Supplement |pages=81–96 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1805456 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40S..81K |s2cid=230968653 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=David W. Krause |author2=Yaoming Hu |author3=Simone Hoffmann |author4=Joseph R. Groenke |author5=Julia A. Schultz |author6=Alistair R. Evans |author7=Wighart von Koenigswald |author8=Guillermo W. Rougier |year=2020 |title=Dental morphology of ''Adalatherium hui'' (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=Supplement |pages=97–132 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1811292 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40S..97K |s2cid=230968012 |url=https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/b7dc7ae1-32dd-4732-99b8-480c3ad76e18 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Simone Hoffmann |author2=Yaoming Hu |author3=David W. Krause |year=2020 |title=Postcranial morphology of ''Adalatherium hui'' (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=Supplement |pages=133–212 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1799818 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40S.133H |s2cid=230968079 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Simone Hoffmann |author2=Robin M. D. Beck |author3=John R. Wible |author4=Guillermo W. Rougier |author5=David W. Krause |year=2020 |title=Phylogenetic placement of ''Adalatherium hui'' (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar: implications for allotherian relationships |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=40 |issue=Supplement |pages=213–234 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2020.1801706 |bibcode=2020JVPal..40S.213H |s2cid=230968231 |url=http://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/59221/1/JVP-2020-0020.R1_Proof_hi.pdf }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Krause, Hoffmann, Wible & Rougier ''in'' Krause ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Late Cretaceous|Late Cretaceous]] ([[Earth:Maastrichtian|Maastrichtian]])
|
[[Earth:Maevarano Formation|Maevarano Formation]]
|
{{Flag|Madagascar}}
|
A [[Biology:Gondwanatheria|Gondwanatheria]]n.<br />The type species is ''A. hui''.
| 
|-
|
''[[Biology:Magallanodon|Magallanodon]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Francisco J. Goin |author2=Agustín G. Martinelli |author3=Sergio Soto-Acuña |author4=Emma C. Vieytes |author5=Leslie M.E. Manríquez |author6=Roy A. Fernández |author7=Juan Pablo Pino |author8=Cristine Trevisan |author9=Jonatan Kaluza |author10=Marcelo A. Reguero |author11=Marcelo Leppe |author12=Héctor Ortiz |author13=David Rubilar-Rogers |author14=Alexander O. Vargas |year=2020 |title=First Mesozoic mammal from Chile: the southernmost record of a Late Cretaceous gondwanatherian |journal=Boletín del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Chile |volume=69 |issue=1 |pages=5–31 |url=http://publicaciones.mnhn.gob.cl/668/w3-article-96021.html }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Goin ''et al.''
|
Late Cretaceous (late [[Earth:Campanian|Campanian]] to early Maastrichtian)
|
[[Earth:Chorrillo Formation|Chorrillo Formation]]<ref name=Chimentoetal2020>{{cite journal |author1=Nicolás R. Chimento |author2=Federico L. Agnolin |author3=Takanobu Tsuihiji |author4=Makoto Manabe |author5=Fernando E. Novas |year=2020 |title=New record of a Mesozoic gondwanatherian mammaliaform from Southern Patagonia |journal=The Science of Nature |volume=107 |issue=6 |pages=Article number 49 |doi=10.1007/s00114-020-01705-x |pmid=33211174 |bibcode=2020SciNa.107...49C |s2cid=227066248 }}</ref><br>[[Earth:Dorotea Formation|Dorotea Formation]]
|
{{Flag|Argentina}}<ref name=Chimentoetal2020 />{{Flag|Chile}}
|
A Gondwanatherian, possibly a [[Biology:Ferugliotheriidae|Ferugliotheriidae]].<br/> The type species is ''M. baikashkenke''.
| 
|-
|}

===Multituberculata===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
!Name 
!Novelty
!Status
!Authors
!Age
!Type locality
!Country
!Notes
!Images
|-
|
''Bructerodon''<ref name=Bructerodon>{{Cite journal|author1=Thomas Martin |author2=Alexander O. Averianov |author3=Julia A. Schultz |author4=Achim H. Schwermann |year=2020 |title=First multituberculate mammals from the Lower Cretaceous of Germany |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=119 |pages=Article 104699 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104699 |s2cid=228843187 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
In press
|
Martin ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Early Cretaceous|Early Cretaceous]] ([[Earth:Barremian|Barremian]]–[[Earth:Aptian|Aptian]])
|
|
{{Flag|Germany}}
|
A [[Biology:Pinheirodontidae|pinheirodontid]] multituberculate. Genus includes new species ''B. alatus''.
|
|-
|
''Cheruscodon''<ref name=Bructerodon />
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
In press
|
Martin ''et al.''
|
Early Cretaceous (Barremian–Aptian)
|
|
{{Flag|Germany}}
|
An [[Biology:Eobaataridae|eobaatarid]] multituberculate.<br/> Type species ''C. balvensis''.
|
|-
|
''Dolichoprion''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Nao Kusuhashi |author2=Yuan-Qing Wang |author3=Xun Jin |year=2020 |title=A new eobaatarid multituberculate (Mammalia) from the Lower Cretaceous Fuxin Formation, Fuxin-Jinzhou Basin, Liaoning, northeastern China |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=605–623 |doi=10.1007/s10914-019-09481-w |s2cid=201283262 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Kusuhashi, Wang & Jin
|
[[Earth:Early Cretaceous|Early Cretaceous]]
|
Fuxin Formation
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
An [[Biology:Eobaataridae|eobaatarid]] multituberculate.<br/> Type species ''D. lii''.<br/>Announced in 2019; the final article version was published in 2020.
| 
|-
|
''Filikomys''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Lucas N. Weaver |author2=David J. Varricchio |author3=Eric J. Sargis |author4=Meng Chen |author5=William J. Freimuth |author6=Gregory P. Wilson Mantilla |year=2020 |title=Early mammalian social behaviour revealed by multituberculates from a dinosaur nesting site |journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=32–37 |doi=10.1038/s41559-020-01325-8 |pmid=33139921 |bibcode=2020NatEE...5...32W |s2cid=226241443 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et comb. nov
|
In press
|
Weaver ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Late Cretaceous|Late Cretaceous]]
|
Belly River Group<br>Judith River Formation<br>[[Earth:Kaiparowits Formation|Kaiparowits Formation]]<br>[[Medicine:Two Medicine Formation|Two Medicine Formation]]
|
{{Flag|Canada}}<br>({{Flag|Alberta}})<br>{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Montana}}<br>{{Flag|Utah}}<br>{{Flag|Wyoming}})
|
A [[Biology:Ptilodontoidea|ptilodontoid]] multituberculate.<br/>Type species is ''F. primaevus'' (Lambe, 1902)<br/> Possibly also including ''"[[Biology:Mesodma|Mesodma]]" minor'' Eaton (2002).
|
|-
|
''[[Biology:Sinobaatar|Sinobaatar pani]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Fangyuan Mao |author2=Cunyu Liu |author3=Morgan Hill Chase |author4=Andrew K. Smith |author5=Jin Meng |year=2020 |title=Exploring ancestral phenotypes and evolutionary development of the mammalian middle ear based on Early Cretaceous Jehol mammals |journal=National Science Review |volume=8 |issue=5 |pages=nwaa188 |doi=10.1093/nsr/nwaa188 |pmid=34691634 |pmc=8288399 }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Mao ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Early Cretaceous|Early Cretaceous]] ([[Earth:Aptian|Aptian]])
|
[[Earth:Jiufotang Formation|Jiufotang Formation]]
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
An eobaatarid multituberculate.
| 
|-
|
''Tagaria''<ref name=Tagaria>{{Cite journal|author1=Alexander O. Averianov |author2=Thomas Martin |author3=Alexey V. Lopatin |author4=Julia A. Schultz |author5=Rico Schellhorn |author6=Sergei Krasnolutskii |author7=Pavel Skutschas |author8=Stepan Ivantsov |year=2020 |title=Multituberculate mammals from the Middle Jurassic of Western Siberia, Russia, and the origin of Multituberculata |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=769–787 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1317 |s2cid=219067218 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/3877503 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Averianov ''et al.''
|
Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)
|
[[Earth:Itat Formation|Itat Formation]]
|
{{Flag|Russia}}<br>({{Flag|Krasnoyarsk Krai}})
|
A member of Multituberculata.<br/>Genus includes new species ''T. antiqua''.
|
|-
|
''Tashtykia''<ref name=Tagaria />
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Averianov ''et al.''
|
Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)
|
[[Earth:Itat Formation|Itat Formation]]
|
{{Flag|Russia}}<br>{{Flag|Krasnoyarsk Krai}}
|
A multituberculate.<br/>The type species is ''T. primaeva''.
|
|-
|}

====Multituberculate research====
* A study on the evolution of morphological diversity of fourth premolars in [[Biology:Cimolodonta|cimolodonta]]n [[Biology:Multituberculata|multituberculates]] is published by Weaver & Wilson (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Lucas N. Weaver |author2=Gregory P. Wilson |year=2020 |title=Shape disparity in the blade-like premolars of multituberculate mammals: functional constraints and the evolution of herbivory |journal=Journal of Mammalogy |volume=102 |issue=4 |pages=967–985 |doi=10.1093/jmammal/gyaa029 }}</ref>

==Other mammals==
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
!Name 
!Novelty
!Status
!Authors
!Age
!Type locality
!Country
!Notes
!Images
|-
|
''[[Biology:Amblotherium|Amblotherium megistodon]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=John R. Foster |author2=Darrin C. Pagnac |author3=ReBecca K. Hunt-Foster |year=2020|title=An unusually diverse northern biota from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic), Black Hills, Wyoming |url=http://giw.utahgeology.org/giw/index.php/GIW/article/view/69 |journal=Geology of the Intermountain West |volume=7 |pages=29–67 |doi=10.31711/giw.v7.pp29-67 |s2cid=216355326 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Foster, Pagnac & Hunt-Foster
|
Late Jurassic
|
[[Earth:Morrison Formation|Morrison Formation]]
|
{{Flag|United States}}<br>({{Flag|Wyoming}})
|
A member of the family [[Biology:Dryolestidae|Dryolestidae]].
|
|-
|
''Fuxinoconodon''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Nao Kusuhashi |author2=Yuan-Qing Wang |author3=Chuan-Kui Li |author4=Xun Jin |year=2020 |title=New gobiconodontid (Eutriconodonta, Mammalia) from the Lower Cretaceous Shahai and Fuxin formations, Liaoning, China |journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=45–66 |doi=10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.190724 |doi-broken-date=2024-02-01 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Kusuhashi ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Early Cretaceous|Early Cretaceous]] ([[Earth:Aptian|Aptian]]–[[Earth:Albian|Albian]])
|
Fuxin Formation
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
A [[Biology:Gobiconodontidae|gobiconodontid]] [[Biology:Eutriconodonta|eutriconodonta]]n.<br/>The type species is ''F. changi''.<br/>Announced in 2019; the final article version was published in 2020.
|
|-
|
''Kryoparvus''<ref>{{cite book |author1=Thomas H. Rich |author2=Peter Trusler |author3=Lesley Kool |author4=David Pickering |author5=Alistair Evans |author6=Karen Siu |author7=Anton Maksimenko |author8=Martin Kundrat |author9=Neil J. Gostling |author10=Steven Morton |author11=Patricia Vickers-Rich |title=Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics |chapter=A Third, Remarkably Small, Tribosphenic Mammal from the Mesozoic of Australia |year=2020 |editor1=Guntupalli V.R. Prasad |editor2=Rajeev Patnaik |publisher=Springer |pages=67–75 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-49753-8_3 |series=Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology |isbn=978-3-030-49752-1 |s2cid=229618594 |chapter-url=https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/c0e02588-3eb7-4044-a13c-cc0ea26bc505 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Rich ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Early Cretaceous|Early Cretaceous]] (late [[Earth:Barremian|Barremian]] to early [[Earth:Aptian|Aptian]])
|
|
{{Flag|Australia}}
|
A possible [[Biology:Ausktribosphenidae|Ausktribosphenidae]]?.<br/> Type species is ''K. gerriti''.
|
|-
|
''Origolestes''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Fangyuan Mao |author2=Yaoming Hu |author3=Chuankui Li |author4=Yuanqing Wang |author5=Morgan Hill Chase |author6=Andrew K. Smith |author7=Jin Meng |year=2020 |title=Integrated hearing and chewing modules decoupled in a Cretaceous stem therian mammal |journal=Science |volume=367 |issue=6475 |pages=305–308 |doi=10.1126/science.aay9220 |pmid=31806694 |bibcode=2020Sci...367..305M |s2cid=208768326 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
| 
|
Mao ''et al.''
|
[[Earth:Early Cretaceous|Early Cretaceous]] ([[Earth:Aptian|Aptian]])
|
[[Earth:Yixian Formation|Yixian Formation]]
|
{{Flag|China}}
|
A [[Biology:Zhangheotheriidae|zhangheotheriid]].<br/>Type species ''O. lii''. Announced in 2019; the final article version was published in 2020.
|
|-
|
''Stirtodon''<ref>{{cite book |author1=Thomas H. Rich |author2=Timothy F. Flannery |author3=Patricia Vickers-Rich |title=Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics |chapter=Evidence for a Remarkably Large Toothed-Monotreme from the Early Cretaceous of Lightning Ridge, NSW, Australia |year=2020 |editor1=Guntupalli V.R. Prasad |editor2=Rajeev Patnaik |publisher=Springer |pages=77–81 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-49753-8_4 |series=Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology |isbn=978-3-030-49752-1 |s2cid=229647914 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
Valid
|
Rich, [[Biography:Tim Flannery|Flannery]] & Vickers-Rich
|
[[Earth:Early Cretaceous|Early Cretaceous]] ([[Earth:Albian|Albian]])
|
[[Earth:Griman Creek Formation|Griman Creek Formation]]
|
{{Flag|Australia}}
|
A [[Biology:Monotreme|monotreme]].<br/> The type species is ''S. elizabethae''.
|
|-
|
''Sundrius''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Thomas H. Rich |author2=Timothy F. Flannery |author3=Alistair R. Evans |author4=Matt White |author5=Timothy Ziegler |author6=Alanna Maguire |author7=Stephen Poropat |author8=Peter Trusler |author9=Patricia Vickers-Rich |year=2020 |title=Multiple hypotheses about two mammalian upper dentitions from the Early Cretaceous of Australia |journal=Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=528–536 |doi=10.1080/03115518.2020.1829042 |bibcode=2020Alch...44..528R |s2cid=230531306 |url=https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/fbc7fb60-9a35-4c40-a7db-16d7d83bda95 }}</ref>
|
Gen. et sp. nov
|
In press
|
Rich ''et al.''
|
Early Cretaceous (Albian)
|
[[Earth:Eumeralla Formation|Eumeralla Formation]]
|
{{Flag|Australia}}
|
A possible monotreme.<br/>The type species is ''S. ziegleri''.
|
|-
|
''[[Biology:Triconodon|Triconodon averianovi]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Kai R. K. Jäger |author2=Richard L. Cifelli |author3=Thomas Martin |year=2020 |title=Tooth eruption in the Early Cretaceous British mammal ''Triconodon'' and description of a new species |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=1065–1080 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1329 |s2cid=225501396 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Sp. nov
|
valid
|
Jäger, Cifelli & Martin
|
[[Earth:Early Cretaceous|Early Cretaceous]] ([[Earth:Berriasian|Berriasian]])
|
[[Earth:Lulworth Formation|Lulworth Formation]]
|
{{Flag|United Kingdom}}
|
A triconodonid [[Biology:Eutriconodonta|Eutriconodonta]]n
|
|-
|}

===Miscellaneous mammalian research===
* A study on the phylogenetic relationships of [[Earth:Mesozoic|Mesozoic]] mammals, aiming to determine the [[Biology:Morphology|morphological]] character complexes with a high potential to introduce phylogenetic error, is published by Celik & Phillips (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Mélina A. Celik |author2=Matthew J. Phillips |year=2020 |title=Conflict resolution for Mesozoic mammals: reconciling phylogenetic incongruence among anatomical regions |journal=Frontiers in Genetics |volume=11 |pages=Article 0651 |doi=10.3389/fgene.2020.00651 |pmid=32774343 |pmc=7381353 |s2cid=220383638 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on maximum lifespans and blood flow rates of ''[[Biology:Morganucodon|Morganucodon]]'' and ''[[Biology:Kuehneotherium|Kuehneotherium]]'', evaluating their implications for the knowledge of [[Basal metabolic rate|basal]] and maximum metabolic rates in these taxa, is published by Newham ''et al.'' (2020);<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Elis Newham |author2=Pamela G. Gill |author3=Philippa Brewer |author4=Michael J. Benton |author5=Vincent Fernandez|author6=Neil J. Gostling |author7=David Haberthür |author8=Jukka Jernvall |author9=Tuomas Kankaanpää |author10=Aki Kallonen |author11=Charles Navarro |author12=Alexandra Pacureanu |author13=Kelly Richards |author14=Kate Robson Brown |author15=Philipp Schneider |author16=Heikki Suhonen |author17=Paul Tafforeau |author18=Katherine A. Williams |author19=Berit Zeller-Plumhoff |author20=Ian J. Corfe |year=2020 |title=Reptile-like physiology in Early Jurassic stem-mammals |journal=Nature Communications |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 5121 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-18898-4 |pmid=33046697 |pmc=7550344 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.5121N }}</ref> their conclusions are subsequently contested by Meiri & Levin (2022).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Shai Meiri |author2=Eran Levin |year=2022 |title=Revisiting life history and morphological proxies for early mammaliaform metabolic rates |journal=Nature Communications |volume=13 |issue=1 |at=5562 |doi=10.1038/s41467-022-32715-0 |pmid=36151068 |pmc=9508135 |bibcode=2022NatCo..13.5562M |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Elis Newham |author2=Pamela G. Gill |author3=Michael J. Benton |author4=Philippa Brewer |author5=Neil J. Gostling |author6=David Haberthür |author7=Jukka Jernvall |author8=Tuomas Kankaanpää |author9=Aki Kallonen |author10=Charles Navarro |author11=Alexandra Pacureanu |author12=Kelly Richards |author13=Kate Robson Brown |author14=Philipp Schneider |author15=Heikki Suhonen |author16=Paul Tafforeau |author17=Katherine A. Williams |author18=Berit Zeller-Plumhoff |author19=Ian J. Corfe |year=2022 |title=Reply to: Revisiting life history and morphological proxies for early mammaliaform metabolic rates |journal=Nature Communications |volume=13 |issue=1 |at=5564 |doi=10.1038/s41467-022-32716-z |pmid=36151135 |pmc=9508248 |bibcode=2022NatCo..13.5564N |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the jaw morphology, jaw movement and [[Medicine:Occlusion (dentistry)|occlusion]] in ''[[Biology:Priacodon|Priacodon]]'', and on its implications for the knowledge of the occlusal mode and likely diet of [[Biology:Triconodontidae|triconodontids]] in general, is published by Jäger, Cifelli & Martin (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Kai R. K. Jäger |author2=Richard L. Cifelli |author3=Thomas Martin |year=2020 |title=Molar occlusion and jaw roll in early crown mammals |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 22378 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-79159-4 |pmid=33361774 |pmc=7759581 |bibcode=2020NatSR..1022378J }}</ref>

==General research==
* A study on the phylogenetic relationships of the [[Biology:Haramiyida|haramiyida]]ns and on the consistency between the known [[Biology:Morphology|morphology]] and age of ''[[Biology:Juramaia|Juramaia]]'' and other [[Biology:Mammaliaformes|mammaliaforms]] from the Yanliao Biota, as indicated by Bayesian [[Biology:Tip dating|tip-dated]] phylogenetic methods, is published by King & Beck (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Benedict King |author2=Robin M. D. Beck |year=2020 |title=Tip dating supports novel resolutions of controversial relationships among early mammals |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=287 |issue=1928 |pages=Article ID 20200943 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2020.0943 |pmid=32517606 |pmc=7341916 }}</ref>
* A study on the community-level response of North American mammals to [[Earth:Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum|Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum]] is published by Fraser & Lyons (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Danielle Fraser |author2=S. Kathleen Lyons |year=2020 |title=Mammal community structure through the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum |journal=The American Naturalist |volume=196 |issue=3 |pages=271–290 |doi=10.1086/709819 |pmid=32813992 |s2cid=218954358 |url=https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscifacpub/800 }}</ref>
* A study aiming to determine resource and habitat use, niche occupation and trophic interactions of mammals living during the [[Earth:Great American Interchange|Great American Interchange]], as indicated by carbon and oxygen stable isotope compositions of [[Biology:Tooth enamel|tooth enamel]] of fossil mammals from the late Miocene to the late [[Earth:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]] of the Pampean region of {{wipe|Argentina}}, is published by Domingo ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Laura Domingo |author2=Rodrigo L. Tomassini |author3=Claudia I. Montalvo |author4=Dánae Sanz-Pérez |author5=María Teresa Alberdi |year=2020 |title=The Great American Biotic Interchange revisited: a new perspective from the stable isotope record of Argentine Pampas fossil mammals |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=Article number 1608 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-58575-6 |pmid=32005879 |pmc=6994648 |bibcode=2020NatSR..10.1608D }}</ref>
* A study on predator richness in mammalian communities from the Miocene Santa Cruz Formation (Argentina), aiming to determine whether the mammalian predator guild from this area was impoverished prior to the Great American Interchange, is published by Rodríguez-Gómez ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Guillermo Rodríguez-Gómez |author2=Guillermo H. Cassini |author3=Paul Palmqvist |author4=M. Susana Bargo |author5=Néstor Toledo |author6=Jesús A. Martín-González |author7=Nahuel A. Muñoz |author8=Richard F. Kay |author9=Sergio F. Vizcaíno |year=2020 |title=Testing the hypothesis of an impoverished predator guild in the Early Miocene ecosystems of Patagonia: An analysis of meat availability and competition intensity among carnivores |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=554 |pages=Article 109805 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109805 |bibcode=2020PPP...55409805R |s2cid=219461779 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on the causes of the asymmetrical character of the Great American Biotic Interchange, with an increasing dominance of mammals of North American origin in South America during the Pleistocene, is published by Carrillo ''et al.'' (2020), who argue that the asymmetry was caused by higher extinction of mammals with South American origin, which in turn reduced the diversity of South American taxa that dispersed into North America.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Juan D. Carrillo |author2=Søren Faurby |author3=Daniele Silvestro |author4=Alexander Zizka |author5=Carlos Jaramillo |author6=Christine D. Bacon |author7=Alexandre Antonelli |year=2020 |title=Disproportionate extinction of South American mammals drove the asymmetry of the Great American Biotic Interchange |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=117 |issue=42 |pages=26281–26287 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2009397117 |pmid=33020313 |pmc=7585031 |bibcode=2020PNAS..11726281C |doi-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on environmental changes in Southeast Asia from the Early Pleistocene to the Holocene, based on stable isotope data from Southeast Asian mammals, and on their impact on the evolution of mammals (including hominins), is published by Louys & Roberts (2020).<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Julien Louys |author2=Patrick Roberts |year=2020 |title=Environmental drivers of megafauna and hominin extinction in Southeast Asia |journal=Nature |volume=586 |issue=7829 |pages=402–406 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2810-y |pmid=33029012 |bibcode=2020Natur.586..402L |hdl=10072/402368 |s2cid=222217295 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* A study on changes of mammalian extinction rates over the past 126,000 years, aiming to determine whether, and to what extent, species extinctions during this time period can be attributed to anthropogenic or to climatic factors, is published by Andermann ''et al.'' (2020).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Tobias Andermann |author2=Søren Faurby |author3=Samuel T. Turvey |author4=Alexandre Antonelli |author5=Daniele Silvestro |year=2020 |title=The past and future human impact on mammalian diversity |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=36 |pages=eabb2313 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.abb2313 |pmid=32917612 |pmc=7473673 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.2313A }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Prehistoric mammals]]

{{Sourceattribution|2020 in paleomammalogy}}