View source for Biology:Escherichia virus 186

{{Short description|Species of virus}}
{{virusbox
| parent = Eganvirus
| species = Escherichia virus 186
}}

'''''Escherichia virus 186''''' is a [[Biology:Virus|virus]] of the family ''[[Biology:Myoviridae|Myoviridae]]'', genus ''Eganvirus''.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://talk.ictvonline.org/files/ictv_documents/m/msl/4090.aspx|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120412231236/http://talk.ictvonline.org/files/ictv_documents/m/msl/4090.aspx|url-status= dead|archive-date= 12 April 2012|title= Master Species List of 2011, version 2|author= [[Organization:International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses|International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses]] (ICTV) |year= 2011|accessdate=15 October 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|pmid=22481600|year=2012|last1=Adams|first1=MJ|last2=Carstens|first2=EB|title=Ratification vote on taxonomic proposals to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2012)|volume=157|issue=7|pages=1411–22|doi=10.1007/s00705-012-1299-6| pmc=7086667|journal=Archives of Virology|doi-access=free}}</ref>

As a member of the group I of the [[Biology:Baltimore classification|Baltimore classification]], ''Escherichia virus 186'' is a dsDNA virus. According to its family, Myoviridae, its morphology is nonenveloped and consist of a head and a tail separated by a neck and its [[Biology:Genome|genome]] is linear. The propagation of the virions includes the attaching to a host cell (a [[Biology:Bacterium|bacterium]], as ''Escherichia virus 186'' is a [[Biology:Bacteriophage|bacteriophage]]) and the injection of the double stranded DNA; the host transcribes and translates it to manufacture new particles. To replicate its genetic content requires host cell DNA polymerases and, hence, the process is highly dependent on the cell cycle.<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=4329869|year=1971|last1=Baltimore|first1=D|title=Expression of animal virus genomes|volume=35|issue=3|pages=235–41|pmc=378387|journal=Bacteriological Reviews|doi=10.1128/br.35.3.235-241.1971 }}</ref>

==Use as a model system==
Bacteriophage 186 has been studied as a model system for biological switches.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Dodd | first1 = I | last2 = Egan | first2 = B | year = 2002 | title = Action at a distance in CI repressor regulation of the bacteriophage 186 genetic switch | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03038.x | pmid = 12139616 | journal = Molecular Microbiology | volume = 45 | issue = 3| pages = 697–710 | pmc = 2941640 }}</ref> The phage can enter two developmental lifecycles called the lytic cycle and lysogeny and knowledge into how the decision between the two developmental routes may extend to other biological systems.{{cn|date=October 2022}}

Bacteriophage 186 is often compared to the more extensively studied [[Biology:Lambda phage|lambda phage]] as both their prophages respond to DNA damage in the host, more commonly known as the [[Biology:SOS response|SOS response]], even though the two bacteriophages are evolutionarily distinct.{{cn|date=October 2022}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q5380214}}

[[Category:Myoviridae]]

{{Sourceattribution|Escherichia virus 186}}