View source for Biology:Euploea sylvester

{{Short description|Species of butterfly}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Double-branded crow
| image = Butterflies of Kerala - Euploea sylvester (Double Branded Crow) (2016.07.03).jpg
| image_caption = 
| taxon = Euploea sylvester
| authority = (Fabricius, 1793)
| synonyms = 
*''Danais coreta'' {{small|Godart, 1819}}<ref name=funet/>
*''Euploea coreoides'' {{small|Moore, 1877}}<ref name=funet/>
}}

'''''Euploea sylvester''''', the '''double-branded crow''',<ref name=Smetacek/> also known as the '''two-brand crow'''<ref name=funet/> in Australia, is a butterfly found in [[Place:South Asia|South Asia]],<ref name=Smetacek>{{Cite book|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287980260|title=A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India |last1=Varshney |first1=R.K. |last2=Smetacek|first2=Peter|publisher=Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi|year=2015|isbn=978-81-929826-4-9|location=New Delhi|pages=152|doi=10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164}}</ref> [[Place:Southeast Asia|Southeast Asia]] and parts of {{wipe|Australia}} that belongs to the crows and tigers, that is, the [[Biology:Danainae|danaid]] group of the [[Biology:Nymphalidae|brush-footed butterflies]] family.<ref name=funet>{{cite web |last=Savela |first=Markku |url=http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/nymphalidae/danainae/euploea/#sylvester |title=''Euploea sylvester'' (Fabricius, 1793) |website=Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms |access-date=July 1, 2018}}</ref>

Several races of the butterfly are recognized. Race ''pelor'' is found in {{wipe|Australia}}.<ref>Meyer, C.E. (1997) Notes on the life history and variation in adult forms of ''Euploea sylvester pelor'' Doubleday (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Danainae), The Australian Entomologist. 24(2):73-77.</ref>

==Subspecies==
The subspecies of Euploea sylvester are-<ref name=funet/><ref name=Smetacek/>
*''E. s. sylvester'' - Cape York - Rockhampton, Torres Strait Is.
*''E. s. coreta'' (Godart, 1819) - Sri Lanka, S.India
*''E. s. hopei'' (Felder & Felder, 1865) - Sikkim - Burma, Assam, Indo-China, Peninsular Malaya
*''E. s. swinhoei'' - Taiwan
*''E. s. pelor'' Doubleday, 1847 - NW.Australia, Northern Territory

==Description==
[[Image:Eusyl.jpg|thumb|left|Museum specimen from [[Biology:Malay Peninsula|Malaya]]]]
In shape, colour, and markings, it very closely resembles ''[[Biology:Euploea core|Euploea core]]''. Males, however, can be distinguished at once by the presence of two brands instead of a single one on the forewing. Of the females Lionel de Nicéville says, females of ''E. coreta'' can be separated from the females of ''E. core'' by the following points: "First by the outline of the forewing being more entire; in ''core'' it is slightly but perceptibly scalloped- Second, by the underside of the forewing having a complete series of six spots, one between each pair of nervules outside the cell; in core two of these spots, those above the discoidal nervules (veins 5 and 6), are always wanting. Third, the two brands on the interno-median area (interspace 1) of the forewing in the male are faintly but quite perceptibly to be traced in the female in the same position."<ref name="bingham">{{Source-attribution|sentence=yes|{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/butterfliesvolii00bing#page/28/mode/2up/ |title=Fauna of British India. Butterflies Vol. 2|last=Bingham|first=Charles Thomas|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=1907|pages=29–11}}}}</ref><ref name=MooreIndica>{{Source-attribution|sentence=yes|{{Cite book|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/103554#page/152/mode/1up|title=Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. I|last=Moore|first=Frederic|author-link=Frederic Moore|publisher=Lovell Reeve and Co.|year=1890–1892|location=London|pages=134}}}}</ref>

==Larval food plants==
The double-banded crow feeds on plants of the families [[Biology:Apocynaceae|Apocynaceae]] (dogbanes and oleanders) including [[Biology:Parsonsia|Parsonsia]], [[Biology:Hoya (plant)|Hoya]], and [[Biology:Cynanchum|Cynanchum]],<ref>Vane-Wright, R.I, & de Jong, R. (2003). The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island fauna. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 343, 3–267 https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/220217/</ref> [[Biology:Asclepiadaceae|Asclepiadaceae]] (milkweeds) including [[Biology:Marsdenia|Marsdenia]]<ref>Vane-Wright, R.I, & de Jong, R. (2003). The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island fauna. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 343, 3–267 https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/220217/</ref> and [[Biology:Moraceae|Moraceae]] (figs) including ''Ficus obliqua'', ''[[Biology:Ficus microcarpa|Ficus microcarpa]]'', ''[[Biology:Ficus racemosa|Ficus racemosa]]'', ''[[Biology:Gymnema sylvestre|Gymnema sylvestre]]'' and ''[[Biology:Ichnocarpus frutescens|Ichnocarpus frutescens]]'' <ref>HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants (http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/projects/hostplants/) accessed on September 12, 2007.</ref>

== Gallery ==
<gallery caption="" widths="200px">
File:Euploea sylvester (ento-csiro-au).jpg|''Euploea sylvester pelor'' In Australia
File: Open wing position of Euploea sylvester Fabricius, 1793 – Double-branded Crow WLB DSC 0130.jpg|''Euploea sylvester hopei'' In Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, India
File:VB 056 Double Branded Crow.jpg|''Euploea sylvester coreta'' In Bangalore, Karnataka, India
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Biology:Danainae|Danainae]]
*[[Biology:Nymphalidae|Nymphalidae]]
*List of butterflies of India
*[[Biology:List of butterflies of India (Nymphalidae)|List of butterflies of India (Nymphalidae)]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
*[http://butterflies.wildreach.com/Euploea_sylvester_montana.php Sri Lanka Wild Life Information Database]{{Dead link|date=August 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q589906}}

[[Category:Euploea]]

{{Sourceattribution|Euploea sylvester}}