View source for Biology:Euscorpius carpathicus

{{Short description|Species of scorpion endemic to Romania}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Euscorpius carpathicus.JPG
| genus = Euscorpius
| species = carpathicus
| authority = ([[Biography:Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1767)
| synonyms =
{{Species list
| Buthus terminalis | Brulle, 1832
| Euscorpius aegaeus | Di Caporiacco, 1950
| Euscorpius fanzagoi | Simon, 1841
| Scorpio carpathicus | Linnaeus, 1767
| Scorpio germanicus | Herbst, 1800
| Scorpio pallipes | Risso, 1826
| Scorpius rufus | C.L. Koch, 1837
}}
| synonyms_ref = <ref>{{GBIF|id=4553805|taxon=''Euscorpius carpathicus''|access-date=2022-05-12}}</ref>
}}

'''''Euscorpius carpathicus''''' is a species of scorpion endemic to the Romanian Carpathians.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Fet |first1=Victor |last2=Soleglad |first2=Michael |name-list-style=amp |date=2013-03-27 |title=Morphology analysis supports presence of more than one species in the ''Euscorpius carpathicus'' complex (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) |url=https://mds.marshall.edu/euscorpius/vol2002/iss3/1 |journal=Euscorpius |volume=2002 |issue=3 |pages=1–51 |doi=10.18590/euscorpius.2002.vol2002.iss3.1 |doi-access=free }}</ref> It is the [[Biology:Type species|type species]] of the genus ''[[Biology:Euscorpius|Euscorpius]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kovařík |first1=František |last2=Šťáhlavský |first2=František |name-list-style=amp |date=2020-07-22 |title=Five new species of ''Euscorpius'' Thorell, 1876 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) from Albania, Greece, North Macedonia, and Serbia |url=https://mds.marshall.edu/euscorpius/vol2020/iss315/1 |journal=Euscorpius |volume=2020 |issue=315 |pages=1–37 }}</ref>

== Taxonomy ==
Numerous species were previously identified as part of the ''Escorpius carpathicus'' species complex and were later clarified to a number of distinct species, including ''Euscorpius tergestinus'' and ''Euscorpius sicanus''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Salomone |first1=Nicola |last2=Vignoli |first2=Valerio |last3=Frati |first3=Francesco |last4=Bernini |first4=Fabio |name-list-style=amp |date=2007-05-01 |title=Species boundaries and phylogeography of the ''Euscorpius carpathicus'' complex (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) in Italy |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790306003423 |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |language=en |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=502–514 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2006.08.023 |pmid=17150377 }}</ref> However mitochondrial DNA-based [[Biology:Phylogenetics|phylogenetics]] identified these as separate species in 2003.<ref name=":0" /> Since then, ''Euscorpius carpathicus'' has been identified as an endemic species of Romania with a substantially more limited range.

== Distribution ==
The range of ''Euscorpius carpathicus'' is limited to the Carpathians and further fragmented into three isolated areas: the western portion of the Southern Carpathians (also known as the Banat Mountains), the Olt River gorge inside Cozia National Park, and the Buzău Mountains.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Covaciu-Marcov |first1=Severus-Daniel |last2=Ferenţi |first2=Sára |name-list-style=amp |date=2019 |title=An endemic species in a protected area: ''Euscorpius carpathicus'' (L., 1767) in the Cozia National Park, Romania (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) |journal=Euscorpius |volume=2019 |issue=279 |pages=1–6 |doi=10.18590/euscorpius.2019.vol2019.iss279.1 |s2cid=134714582 |doi-access=free }}</ref> It is likely that the fragmentation of these areas is due to deforestation. The upper altitude of its range is believed to be 450 meters. 

The clay [[Earth:Parent rock|substratum]] in [[Earth:Riparian zone|riparian]] areas of the Carpathians is believed to be important for ''Euscorpius carpathicus'' to survive the winters as it burrows into cracks and holes, as is common in other ''Euscorpius'' species. ''Euscorpius carpathicus'' is also found [[Biology:Overwintering|overwintering]] in areas with bush cover that create warmer microclimates in river valleys.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gherghel |first1=Iulian |last2=Sotek |first2=Alexandru |last3=Papeş |first3=Monica |last4=Strugariu |first4=Alexandru |last5=Fusu |first5=Lucian |name-list-style=amp |date=April 2016 |title=Ecology and biogeography of the endemic scorpion ''Euscorpius carpathicus'' (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae): a multiscale analysis |url=https://bioone.org/journals/the-journal-of-arachnology/volume-44/issue-1/P14-22.1/Ecology-and-biogeography-of-the-endemic-scorpion-Euscorpius-carpathicus-Scorpiones/10.1636/P14-22.1.full |journal=The Journal of Arachnology |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=88–91 |doi=10.1636/P14-22.1 |s2cid=87325752 }}</ref> 

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q430796}}

[[Category:Euscorpiidae]]

{{Sourceattribution|Euscorpius carpathicus}}