View source for Biology:Indirect immunoperoxidase assay

[[File:Microplates.jpg|thumb|300px|Microtiter plates with 96, 384 and 1536 wells]]
'''Indirect immunoperoxidase assay''' ('''IPA''') is a laboratory technique used to detect and [[Biology:Titer|titrate]] viruses that do not cause measurable [[Biology:Cytopathic effect|cytopathic effect]]s and cannot be measured by classical plaque assays. These viruses include human coronavirus 229E and [[Biology:Human coronavirus OC43|OC43]].<ref name=Lambert>{{cite book| doi = 10.1007/978-1-59745-181-9_8| pmid = 19057861| chapter = Titration of Human Coronaviruses, HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43, by an Indirect Immunoperoxidase Assay| title = SARS- and Other Coronaviruses| volume = 454| pages = 93–102| series = Methods in Molecular Biology| year = 2008| last1 = Lambert| first1 = Francine| last2 = Jacomy| first2 = Hélène| last3 = Marceau| first3 = Gabriel| last4 = Talbot| first4 = Pierre J| pmc = 7121483| isbn = 978-1-58829-867-6| chapter-url-access = registration| chapter-url = https://archive.org/details/sarsothercoronav00dave/page/93}}</ref>

==Methodology==
Susceptible cells are inoculated with serial logarithmic dilutions of samples in a 96-well plate. After viral growth, viral detection by IPA yields the infectious virus titer, expressed as [[Virus quantification|tissue culture infectious dose]] (TCID50). This represents the dilution of a virus-containing sample at which half of a series of laboratory wells contain replicating viruses. This technique is a reliable method for the titration of human coronaviruses (HCoV) in biological samples (cells, tissues, or fluids). It is also reliable in the detection of antibodies to [[Biology:Human cytomegalovirus|human cytomegalovirus]].<ref name=Lambert/><ref>G Gerna, C J McCloud and R W Chambers: Immunoperoxidase technique for detection of antibodies to Human cytomegalovirus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 1976, 3(3):364.</ref>

==See also==
*[[Biology:Coronavirus|Coronavirus]]
*[[Biology:Immunoassay|Immunoassay]]
*[[Immunoperoxidase]]
*[[Virus quantification]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite journal|last1=Lambert|first1=Francine|last2=Jacomy|first2=Helene|last3=Marceau|first3=Gabriel|last4=Talbot|first4=Pierre J.|title=Titration of Human Coronaviruses Using an Immunoperoxidase Assay|url=http://www.jove.com/video/751/titration-of-human-coronaviruses-using-an-immunoperoxidase-assay|journal=Journal of Visualized Experiments|issue=14|pages=e751|accessdate=15 September 2016|doi=10.3791/751|pmid=19066576|pmc=2582848|date=28 April 2008}}
*[http://www.histochem.net Immunohistochemistry Protocols, Buffers and Troubleshooting]

{{Immunologic techniques and tests|state expand}}

[[Category:Biochemistry methods]]
[[Category:Laboratory techniques]]

{{Sourceattribution|Indirect immunoperoxidase assay}}