View source for Biology:Legal status of psychoactive cactus by country

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This is a list of the '''legal status of [[Biology:Psychoactive cactus|psychoactive cactus]] by country.''' This includes but is not limited to the [[Biology:Peyote|peyote]], the [[Biology:Echinopsis pachanoi|San Pedro]] and the [[Biology:Echinopsis peruviana|Peruvian torch]].

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{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"
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! style="width:200px;"| '''Country''' !! '''Possession''' !! '''Sale''' !! '''Transport''' !! '''Cultivation''' !! '''Notes'''
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|{{Flagu|Australia}}
| || || {{Citation needed|reason=No mention of plants in Poisons Standard|date=June lly derive g schedules of "controlled substances" those plants may not contain is typically covered by individual state / territory legislation.
|-
|{{Flagu|Brazil}}
| {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Possession, production and sale is illegal as it is listed on Portaria SVS/MS nº344<ref name="Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária - Anvisa">{{cite web |title=Página inicial |website=Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária - Anvisa |url=https://www.gov.br/anvisa/pt-br/pagina-inicial |language=pt |access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|Canada}}
| {{partial|Illegal except Peyote}} || {{partial|Illegal except Peyote}} || {{partial|Illegal except Peyote}} || {{yes|Legal}} || Mescaline and any salt thereof is illegal, but not peyote (''Lophophora'').<ref name="Site Web de la législation (Justice) 2019">{{cite web |title=Controlled Drugs and Substances Act |website=Site Web de la législation (Justice) |date=2019-09-19 |url=https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/c-38.8/fulltext.html |access-date=2020-08-09}}</ref> The San Pedro cactus and other plants are not exempt and is only permitted to grow for ornamental purposes.<ref name="Lexology 2020">{{cite web |title=Psychedelics and Canada's Regulatory Landscape |website=Lexology |date=2020-07-15 |url=https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=b3509120-415c-4623-8215-a5bf2ae4cc38 |access-date=2020-08-09}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|Denmark}}
| {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || "Cactus and seeds of the species ''Echinopsis pachanoi'' and ''Echinopsis peruviana'' or others containing the substance mescaline are illegal. (3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenethylamin)."<ref>{{cite web |title=Bekendtgørelse om euforiserende stoffer |url=https://www.retsinformation.dk/forms/r0710.aspx?id=137169 |website=retsinformation.dk |language=da}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|Czech Republic}}
| {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || Cultivating or selling the cacti itself is legal. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-01-20 |title=Psychedelic fungi and cacti legalized in Czech Republic |url=https://www.mushroom-magazine.com/psychedelic-fungi-and-cacti-legalized-in-czech-republic/ |access-date=2023-01-16 |website=mushroom-magazine.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|France}}
| {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{partial|Peyote is regulated}} || Mescaline is classified as a narcotic in France by the decree of February 22, 1990 establishing the list of substances classified as narcotics<ref name="Wikiwix&#91;archive&#93; 2002">{{cite web |title=Wikiwix's cache |website=Wikiwix [archive] |date=2002-01-06 |url=http://www.drogues.gouv.fr/fr/professionnels/Lois/liste_substances.htm |language=fr |access-date=2020-11-30 |archive-date=2002-01-05 |archive-url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20020106000000/http://www.drogues.gouv.fr/fr/professionnels/Lois/liste_substances.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''Lophophora williamsi'' had  been classified in table A of toxic substances in 1957, then in 1966 in table B of narcotics, to be "relegated" on February 22, 1990.
|-
|{{Flagu|Germany}}
| {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || Cacti are not prohibited. Mescaline is controlled under ''Anlage I BtMG''. It is illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license.<ref name="Gesetze im Internet">{{cite web |title=§ 29 BtMG - Einzelnorm |website=Gesetze im Internet |url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/__29.html |language=de | access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|India}}
| {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Mescaline is listed under controlled in India under the NDPS Act cultivation/production/manufacture, possession, sale, purchase, transport, storage, consumption or distribution is illegal.
|-
|{{Flagu|Italy}}
| {{yes|Legal except Peyote}} || {{yes|Legal except Peyote}} || {{yes|Legal except Peyote}} || {{yes|Legal except Peyote}} || Mescaline is listed under Table 1 of Italy's "''Tabelle delle sostanze stupefacenti e psicotrope''" making it illegal to purchase, transport or sell. However, psychoactive cacti (with the exception of peyote) can be legally purchased from florists, garden centers and online shops.<ref name="Salute 2013">{{cite web |last=Salute |first=Ministero della |title=Tabelle delle sostanze stupefacenti e psicotrope | website=Ministero della Salute |date=2013-04-23 |url=http://www.salute.gov.it/portale/temi/p2_6.jsp?id=3729&area=sostanzeStupefacenti&menu=vuoto |language=it |access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|Ireland}}
| {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Mescaline is listed under Schedule 1 of Ireland's [[Medicine:Misuse of Drugs Act (Ireland)|Misuse of Drugs Act]].
|-
|{{Flagu|Mexico}}
| {{yes|Legal except peyote}} || {{yes|Legal except peyote}} || {{yes|Legal except peyote}} || {{yes|Legal except peyote}} || The ''Ley General de Salud'' declares that mescaline and peyote are illegal. However, the San Pedro cactus and Peruvian Torch are not mentioned in it, so they are totally legal.
|-
|{{Flagu|Netherlands}}
| {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} ||The cactus (Peyote, San Pedro...) is legal, extracted mescaline is not.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Koninkrijksrelaties |first=Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en |title=Opiumwet |url=https://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0001941/2009-07-01 |access-date=2023-01-18 |website=wetten.overheid.nl |language=nl}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|Norway}}
| {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} ||<ref>{{cite web | url=https://lovdata.no/dokument/SF/forskrift/2013-02-14-199 | title=Forskrift om narkotika (Narkotikaforskriften) - Lovdata }}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|New Zealand}}
| {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{yes|Legal}} ||May be cultivated for ornamental purposes but not for recreational use. Mescaline is a Class A drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act.<ref name="NZ Drug Foundation">{{cite web |title=About a drug: Mescaline |website=NZ Drug Foundation |url=https://www.drugfoundation.org.nz/matters-of-substance/matters-of-substance-november-2014/about-a-drug-mescaline/ |access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|Peru}}
| {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || <ref name="FJ CB p. ">{{cite journal | last1=FJ | first1=Carod-Artal | last2=CB | first2=Vázquez-Cabrera | title=[Mescaline and the San Pedro cactus ritual: archaeological and ethnographic evidence in northern Peru] | journal=Revista de neurologia | year=2006 | volume=42 | issue=8 | pages=489–498 | doi=10.33588/rn.4208.2006040 | issn=0210-0010 | pmid=16625512 | url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16625512/ | access-date=2022-10-22 }}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|Portugal}}
| {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || <ref name="Transform 2021">{{cite web | title=Drug decriminalisation in Portugal: setting the record straight. | website=Transform | date=2021-05-13 | url=https://transformdrugs.org/blog/drug-decriminalisation-in-portugal-setting-the-record-straight | access-date=2022-10-22}}</ref>

|-
|{{Flagu|Switzerland}}

| {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || <ref>{{cite web|title=Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien (Betäubungsmittelverzeichnisverordnung, BetmVV-EDI) |url=https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20101220/index.html |website=Swiss Government |accessdate=3 April 2018|language=de-CH*|date=1 March 2018}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|Romania}}
| {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Psychotropic plants and substances or mixtures containing such plants and substances defined under drugs and Mescaline is listed in table 1, the most restrictive under LEGE nr. 143 din 26 iulie 2000.<ref name="Portal Legislativ">{{cite web |title=LEGE 143 26/07/2000 |website=Portal Legislativ |url=http://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/23629 |language=ro |access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|Russia}}
| {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Mescaline is List I of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances prohibiting the purchase, transporting, and possession of substances.<ref name="ГАРАНТ">{{cite web |title=Постановление Правительства РФ от 30.06.1998 N 681 "Об утверждении перечня наркотических средств, психотропных веществ и их прекурсоров, подлежащих контролю в Российской Федерации" (с изменениями и дополнениями) |website=ГАРАНТ |url=http://base.garant.ru/12112176/ |language=ru |access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|Slovenia}}
| {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || The cactus itself is legal to grow, import and sell, but extracting the mescaline from it is illegal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Uredba o razvrstitvi prepovedanih drog |url=http://pisrs.si/ |access-date=2023-01-16 |website=pisrs}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|Sweden}}
| {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || The cactus itself is legal to grow, import and sell, but extracting the mescaline from it is illegal.
|-
|{{Flagu|Thailand}} 
| {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || Cacti such as peyote are not prohibited. However, mescaline, which they contain is a prohibited narcotic substance.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.reddit.com/r/Thailand/comments/2pj5uc/something_i_saw_at_the_chatuchak_market_could/ | title=R/Thailand - Something I saw at the Chatuchak market. Could hardly believe it, but peyote is legal in Thailand | date=17 December 2014 }}</ref>

|-
|{{Flagu|Ukraine}}
| {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || The government has excluded San Pedro Cactus ([[Biology:Echinopsis pachanoi|''Echinopsis Pachanoi'']]) and peyote (''Lophophora Williamsii'') from the list of illicit drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors. This is stated in the decision of the Cabinet of Ministers №408 dated May 23, 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/408-2012-%D0%BF |title = Про внесення змін до переліку наркотичних засобів, психотропних речовин і прекурсорів}}</ref>

|-
|{{Flagu|United Kingdom}}
| {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || “Hallucinogenic cacti are not illegal in the UK, unless prepared for consumption as a hallucinogen. This could include drying them, or cutting them into edible ‘buttons’.” <ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.drugwise.org.uk/cacti/ |title=Cacti |date=2016-01-03 |work=DrugWise |access-date=2018-03-03|language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagu|United States}}
| {{partial|Legal for religious use}} || {{partial|Legal for religious use}} || {{partial|Legal for religious use}} || {{yes|Legal}} ||Only peyote and mescaline itself are controlled substances in the United States. [https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/schedules/orangebook/c_cs_alpha.pdf Substance: Peyote, DEA#: 7415, CSA SCH: I, NARC: N, Other names: Cactus which contains mescaline]
Following the passage of the American Indian Religious Freedom Act Amendments of 1994, United States federal law (and many state laws) protects the harvest, possession, [[Biology:Ingestion|consumption]] and cultivation of peyote as part of "bona fide religious ceremonies" (the federal statute is the American Indian Religious Freedom Act, codified at {{USC|42|1996a}}, "Traditional Indian religious use of the peyote sacrament", exempting only use by Native American persons. US v. Boyll expanded permitted use to all persons engaged in traditional Indian use, regardless of race. All US states with the exception of Idaho and Texas allow usage by non-native, non-enrolled persons in the context of ceremonies of the [[Religion:Native American Church|Native American Church]]. Some states such as Arizona additionally exempt any general bona fide religious activity or spiritual intent. US jurisdictions enacted these specific statutory exemptions partially in reaction to the US Supreme Court's decision in ''[[Biology:Employment Division v. Smith|Employment Division v. Smith]]'', {{ussc|494|872|1990}}, which held that laws prohibiting the use of peyote that do not specifically exempt religious use nevertheless do not violate the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment.

In October 2021, Seattle’s City Council approved a resolution to decriminalize noncommercial activity around non-peyote-derived mescaline.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Adlin|first=Ben|date=2021-10-04|title=Seattle Becomes Largest U.S. City To Decriminalize Psychedelics|url=https://www.marijuanamoment.net/seattle-becomes-largest-u-s-city-to-decriminalize-psychedelics/|access-date=2021-10-07|website=Marijuana Moment|language=en-US}}</ref>
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==References==
{{Reflist}}{{Drug policy nav}}

[[Category:Drug control law|Psychoactive cactus]]
[[Category:Psychoactive fungi|Law by country]]

{{Sourceattribution|Legal status of psychoactive cactus by country}}