View source for Biology:List of jacamars

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use list-defined references|date=October 2023}}

[[Biology:Jacamar|Jacamar]]s are birds in the family Galbulidae in the [[Biology:Order|order]] [[Biology:Piciformes|Piciformes]]. There are currently 18 extant [[Biology:Species|species]] of jacamars recognised by the [[Organization:International Ornithologists' Union|International Ornithologists' Union]].<ref name="IOC" />

== Conventions ==

Conservation status codes listed follow the [[Organization:International Union for Conservation of Nature|International Union for Conservation of Nature]] (IUCN) [[Organization:IUCN Red List|Red List of Threatened Species]]. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the jacamar's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IOC World Bird List for that species unless otherwise noted. Population estimates are of the number of mature individuals and are taken from the IUCN Red List.

This list follows the [[Biology:Taxonomic treatment|taxonomic treatment]] (designation and order of species) and nomenclature (scientific and common names) of version 13.2 of the IOC World Bird List.<ref name="IOC" /> Where the taxonomy proposed by the IOC World Bird List conflicts with the taxonomy followed by the IUCN{{efn|The IUCN follows the taxonomy proposed by the HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist.<ref name="BirdLife" />}} or the 2023 edition of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World,<ref name="ClementsChecklist" /> the disagreement is noted next to the species's common name (for nomenclatural disagreements) or scientific name (for taxonomic disagreements).

== Classification ==
The [[Organization:International Ornithologists' Union|International Ornithologists' Union]] (IOU) recognises 18 species of jacamars in five genera.<ref name="IOC" /> This list does not include hybrid species, extinct prehistoric species, or putative species not yet accepted by the IOU.

'''Family Galbulidae'''

* Genus ''[[Biology:Galbalcyrhynchus|Galbalcyrhynchus]]'': two species
* Genus ''[[Biology:Brachygalba|Brachygalba]]'': four species
* Genus ''[[Biology:Jacamaralcyon|Jacamaralcyon]]'': one species
* Genus ''[[Biology:Galbula|Galbula]]'': ten species
* Genus ''[[Biology:Jacamerops|Jacamerops]]'': one species
{{clear}}

== Jacamars ==
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Biology:Galbalcyrhynchus|Galbalcyrhynchus]] |authority-name=Des Murs |authority-year=1845 |species-count=2 |no-ecology=yes}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:White-eared jacamar|White-eared jacamar]] |binomial=G. leucotis
|image=File:Galbalcyrhynchus leucotis -Peru-8 (cropped).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Des Murs |authority-year=1845
|range=Western Amazon rainforest |range-image=File:Galbalcyrhynchus leucotis map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{steady|Population steady}}<ref name="iucn-status-Galbalcyrhynchus-leucotis" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Purus jacamar|Purus jacamar]] |binomial=G. purusianus
|image=File:Purus jacamar (Galbalcyrhynchus purusianus).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Goeldi |authority-year=1904
|range=Southwestern Amazon rainforest |range-image=File:Galbalcyrhynchus purusianus map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{steady|Population steady}}<ref name="iucn-status-Galbalcyrhynchus-purusianus" />
}}
{{Species table/end}}

{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Biology:Brachygalba|Brachygalba]] |authority-name=Bonaparte |authority-year=1854 |species-count=4 |no-ecology=yes}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Dusky-backed jacamar|Dusky-backed jacamar]] |binomial=B. salmoni
|image=File:Dusky-backed Jacamar - Darién - Panama (48437999802).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Sclater, P. L. & Salvin |authority-year=1879
|range=Eastern Panama and northwestern Colombia |range-image=File:Brachygalba salmoni map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=20,000–49,999
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Brachygalba-salmoni" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Pale-headed jacamar|Pale-headed jacamar]] |binomial=B. goeringi
|image=File:BrachygalbaGoeringiSmit.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Sclater, P. L. & Salvin |authority-year=1869
|range=Northeastern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela |range-image=File:Brachygalba goeringi map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{steady|Population steady}}<ref name="iucn-status-Brachygalba-goeringi" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Brown jacamar|Brown jacamar]] |binomial=B. lugubris
|image=File:Barranquero Castaño.JPG |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Swainson |authority-year=1838 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Seven subspecies |bullets=on
| ''B. l. fulviventris''
| ''B. l. caquetae''
| ''B. l. lugubris''
| ''B. l. obscuriceps''
| ''B. l. naumburgae''
| ''B. l. phaeonota''
| ''B. l. melanosterna''
}}
|range=South America |range-image=File:Brachygalba lugubris map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Brachygalba-lugubris" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:White-throated jacamar|White-throated jacamar]] |binomial=B. albogularis
|image=File:Brachygalba albogularis 59379477.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Biography:Johann Baptist von Spix|Spix]] |authority-year=1824 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Western Amazon rainforest |range-image=File:Brachygalba albogularis map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Brachygalba-albogularis" />
}}
{{Species table/end}}

{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Biology:Jacamaralcyon|Jacamaralcyon]] |authority-name=Lesson, R. P. |authority-year=1830 |species-count=1 |no-ecology=yes}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Three-toed jacamar|Three-toed jacamar]] |binomial=J. tridactyla
|image=File:Three-toed Jacamar, Sumidouro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Vieillot |authority-year=1817 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Southeastern Brazil |range-image=File:Jacamaralcyon tridactyla map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=NT |population=1,300–5,400
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Jacamaralcyon-tridactyla" />
}}
{{Species table/end}}

{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Biology:Galbula|Galbula]] |authority-name=[[Biography:Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]] |authority-year=1760 |species-count=10 |no-ecology=yes}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Yellow-billed jacamar|Yellow-billed jacamar]] |binomial=G. albirostris
|image=File:Galbula albirostris - Yellow-billed jacamar (male).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Latham |authority-year=1790
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Two subspecies |bullets=on
| ''G. a. chalcocephala''
| ''G. a. albirostris''
}}
|range=Northern Amazon rainforest |range-image=File:Galbula albirostris map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-albirostris" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Blue-necked jacamar|Blue-necked jacamar]] |binomial=G. cyanicollis
|image=File:Galbula cyanicollis Blue-necked Jacamar (male); Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil 01.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Cassin |authority-year=1851
|range=Southern Amazon rainforest |range-image=File:Galbula cyanicollis map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-cyanicollis" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Rufous-tailed jacamar|Rufous-tailed jacamar]] |binomial=G. ruficauda
|image=File:Rufous-tailed Jacamar (Galbula ruficauda) (28079269401).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Biography:Georges Cuvier|Cuvier]] |authority-year=1816
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Six subspecies |bullets=on
| ''G. r. melanogenia''
| ''G. r. ruficauda''
| ''G. r. pallens''
| ''G. r. brevirostris''
| ''G. r. rufoviridis''
| ''G. r. heterogyna''
}}
|range=Central and South America |range-image=File:Galbula ruficauda map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=500,000–4,999,999
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-ruficauda" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Green-tailed jacamar|Green-tailed jacamar]] |binomial=G. galbula
|image=File:Galbula galbula - Green-tailed Jacamar (male); Anavilhanas islands, Novo Airão, Amazonas, Brazil.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Linnaeus |authority-year=1766 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Northern Amazon rainforest |range-image=File:Galbula galbula map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{steady|Population stable}}<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-galbula" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Coppery-chested jacamar|Coppery-chested jacamar]] |binomial=G. pastazae
|image=File:Galbula pastazae 166954227 (cropped).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Taczanowski & Berlepsch |authority-year=1885
|range=Southern Colombia to eastern Ecuador |range-image=File:Galbula pastazae map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=42,000
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-pastazae" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:White-chinned jacamar|White-chinned jacamar]] |binomial=G. tombacea
|image=File:Galbula tombacea - White-chinned Jacamar, Careiro da Várzea, Amazonas, Brazil.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Biography:Johann Baptist von Spix|Spix]] |authority-year=1824
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Two subspecies |bullets=on
| ''G. t. tombacea''
| ''G. t. mentalis''
}}
|range=Northwestern Amazon rainforest |range-image=File:Galbula tombacea map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-tombacea" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Bluish-fronted jacamar|Bluish-fronted jacamar]] |binomial=G. cyanescens
|image=File:Bluish-fronted Jacamar - Manu NP 8499.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Deville |authority-year=1849
|range=Western Amazon rainforest |range-image=File:Galbula cyanescens map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{steady|Population stable}}<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-cyanescens" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Purplish jacamar|Purplish jacamar]] |binomial=G. chalcothorax
|image=File:Galbula chalcothorax Keulemans, b.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Sclater, P. L. |authority-year=1855
|range=Western Amazon rainforest |range-image=File:Galbula chalcothorax map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-chalcothorax" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Bronzy jacamar|Bronzy jacamar]] |binomial=G. leucogastra
|image=File:Purplish Jacamar (Galbula leucogastra).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Vieillot |authority-year=1817
|range=Western Amazon rainforest |range-image=File:Galbula leucogastra map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-leucogastra" />
}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Paradise jacamar|Paradise jacamar]] |binomial=G. dea
|image=File:Galbula dea - Paradise Jacamar.JPG |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Linnaeus |authority-year=1758 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Four subspecies |bullets=on
| ''G. d. dea''
| ''G. d. amazonum''
| ''G. d. brunneiceps''
| ''G. d. phainopepla''
}}
|range=Amazon rainforest |range-image=File:Galbula dea map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-dea" />
}}
{{Species table/end}}

{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Biology:Jacamerops|Jacamerops]] |authority-name=Lesson, R. P. |authority-year=1830 |species-count=1 |no-ecology=yes}}
{{Species table/row |no-ecology=yes
|name=[[Biology:Great jacamar|Great jacamar]] |binomial=J. aureus
|image=File:Great Jacamar - Panama H8O2675.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Müller, P. L. S. |authority-year=1776 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Four subspecies |bullets=on
| ''J. a. penardi''
| ''J. a. aureus''
| ''J. a. ridgwayi''
| ''J. a. isidori''
}}
|range=Central and South America |range-image=File:Jacamerops aureus map.svg |range-image-size=144px
|iucn-status=LC |population=500,000–4,999,999
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="iucn-status-Jacamerops-aureus" />
}}
{{Species table/end}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="BirdLife">{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 7 |url=http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/taxonomy |access-date=6 October 2023 |publisher=HBW and BirdLife International |archive-date=25 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925132236/http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/taxonomy |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="ClementsChecklist">{{Cite web |last1=Clements |first1=James F. |last2=Schulenberg |first2=T. S. |last3=Iliff |first3=M. J. |last4=Fredericks |first4=T. A. |last5=Gerbracht |first5=J. A. |last6=Lepage |first6=Denis |last7=Billerman |first7=S. M. |last8=Sullivan |first8=B. L. |last9=Wood |first9=C. L. |date=2022 |title=The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2022 |url=https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=Clements Checklist}}</ref>

<ref name="IOC">{{cite web |date=July 2023 |title=Jacamars, puffbirds, barbets, toucans, honeyguides |url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/jacamars/ |access-date=6 October 2023 |website=IOC World Bird List |version=v 13.2 |editor-last1=Gill |editor-first1=F. |editor-last2=Donsker |editor-first2=D. |editor-last3=Rasmussen |editor-first3=P.}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Galbalcyrhynchus-leucotis">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Galbalcyrhynchus leucotis'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22682167A92932844 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682167A92932844.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Galbalcyrhynchus-purusianus">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2018 |title=''Galbalcyrhynchus purusianus'' |volume=2018 |page=e.T22682170A130076817 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22682170A130076817.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Brachygalba-salmoni">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2020 |title=''Brachygalba salmoni'' |volume=2020 |page=e.T22682174A163584828 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22682174A163584828.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Brachygalba-goeringi">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Brachygalba goeringi'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22682177A92933387 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682177A92933387.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Brachygalba-lugubris">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Brachygalba lugubris'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22682180A92933566 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682180A92933566.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Brachygalba-albogularis">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2018 |title=''Brachygalba albogularis'' |volume=2018 |page=e.T22682183A130078423 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22682183A130078423.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Jacamaralcyon-tridactyla">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2020 |title=''Jacamaralcyon tridactyla'' |volume=2020 |page=e.T22682186A153924733 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22682186A153924733.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-albirostris">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Galbula albirostris'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22727035A95229375 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22727035A95229375.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-cyanicollis">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Galbula cyanicollis'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22682196A92934252 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682196A92934252.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-ruficauda">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2020 |title=''Galbula ruficauda'' |volume=2020 |page=e.T22682200A163585918 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22682200A163585918.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-galbula">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Galbula galbula'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22682203A92934728 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682203A92934728.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-pastazae">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2022 |title=''Galbula pastazae'' |volume=2022 |page=e.T22682206A209328844 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T22682206A209328844.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-tombacea">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Galbula tombacea'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22682209A92935238 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682209A92935238.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-cyanescens">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Galbula cyanescens'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22682212A92935419 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682212A92935419.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-chalcothorax">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Galbula chalcothorax'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22682215A92935593 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682215A92935593.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-leucogastra">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Galbula leucogastra'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22682218A92935782 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682218A92935782.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Galbula-dea">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Galbula dea'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22682221A92936005 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682221A92936005.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name="iucn-status-Jacamerops-aureus">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2020 |title=''Jacamerops aureus'' |volume=2020 |page=e.T22682224A163587524 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22682224A163587524.en |access-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref>

}}



{{DEFAULTSORT:Jacamars}}
[[Category:Galbulidae]]

{{Sourceattribution|List of jacamars}}