View source for Biology:Pseudogaltonia

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|taxon = Pseudogaltonia
|image = Pseudogaltonia_clavata_(as_Galtonia_clavata)_112.6885.jpg
|image_caption = ''Pseudogaltonia clavata'' (syn. ''Galtonia clavata'') from an 1886 illustration{{sfn|Baker|1886}}
|authority = (Kuntze) Engl.<ref name=WCSP_285956/>
|synonyms_ref=<ref name=WCSP_285956/>
|synonyms=''Lindneria'' <small>T.Durand & Lubbers</small>
}}

'''''Pseudogaltonia''''' is a [[Biology:Genus|genus]] of [[Biology:Bulb|bulb]]ous flowering plants in the family [[Biology:Asparagaceae|Asparagaceae]], subfamily [[Biology:Scilloideae|Scilloideae]] (also treated as the family Hyacinthaceae).<ref name=APweb_Scilloideae>Stevens, P.F. (2001 onwards), "[http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/asparagalesweb.htm#Hyacinthaceae Asparagales: Scilloideae]", ''Angiosperm Phylogeny Website'', retrieved 2014-02-25</ref> It is distributed in southern Africa (the Cape Province of South Africa, Namibia, Botswana).<ref name=WCSP_285956>{{Citation |title=''Pseudogaltonia''|work=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=[[Organization:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=285956 |access-date=2013-04-09}}</ref>

==Description==

''Pseudogaltonia'' grows from a large [[Biology:Bulb|bulb]] with a fibrous tunic. The flowers are borne on a long stem ([[Biology:Scape (botany)|scape]]) in a pyramid-shaped [[Biology:Raceme|raceme]]. Individual flowers are borne on long stalks ([[Biology:Pedicel (botany)|pedicels]]) and droop downwards. The [[Biology:Tepal|tepal]]s are fused at the base, forming a tube about two-thirds or three-quarters of the length of the flower, swollen slightly at its base. The tubular part of the tepals is green, the free lobes are whitish with a green streak. The stamens, which protrude from the flower, have broad triangle-shaped filaments which arise from the mouth of the flower tube and green anthers. The seeds are black.<ref name=MartCresJuanFay11/><ref name=eMon_285956 >{{Citation |title=''Pseudogaltonia'' (Kuntze) Engl. |url=http://zoo-bclark01.zoo.ox.ac.uk/taxon/urn:kew.org:wcs:taxon:285956 |access-date=2013-04-09 |work=eMonocot }}</ref>

==Systematics==

The name ''Pseudogaltonia'' was first used by Otto Kuntze in 1886 as the name of a section within the genus ''[[Biology:Hyacinthus (plant)|Hyacinthus]]''. He also suggested that those who preferred smaller genera could use it as the name of a separate genus.<ref name=Kunt86>{{Citation |last=Kuntze |first=C.E.O. |year=1886 |editor-last=Eichler |editor-first=A.W. |editor2-last=Garcke |editor2-first=A. |editor3-last=Urban |editor3-first=I. |contribution=Pseudogaltonia |title=Jahrbuch des Königlichen Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin |pages=274–275 |publication-place=Berlin |publisher=Gebrüder Borntraeger |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wdIqAQAAIAAJ&q=Pseudogaltonia |access-date=2013-04-11 |volume=5 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref>{{refn|group=note|name=Note1|Article 36.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants states that "A name is not validly published (a) when it is not accepted by the author in the original publication; (b) when it is merely proposed in anticipation of the future acceptance of the taxon concerned".<ref name="MelbourneCode">{{Citation |year=2012 |editor-last=McNeill |editor-first=J. |editor-first2=F. R. |editor-last2=Barrie |editor-first3=W. R. |editor-last3=Buck |editor-first4=V. |editor-last4=Demoulin |editor-first5=W. |editor-last5=Greuter |editor-first6=D. L. |editor-last6=Hawksworth |editor-first7=P. S. |editor-last7=Herendeen |editor-first8=S. |editor-last8=Knapp |editor-first9=K. |editor-last9=Marhold |editor-first10=J. |editor-last10=Prado |editor-first11=W. F. |editor-last11=Prud'homme Van Reine |editor-first12=G. F. |editor-last12=Smith |editor-first13=J. H. |editor-last13=Wiersema |editor-first14=N. J. |editor-last14=Turland |title=International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code), Adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011 |edition=electronic |publication-place=Bratislava |publisher=International Association for Plant Taxonomy |url=http://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php |access-date=2013-04-12 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref> Kuntze did not himself accept ''Pseudogaltonia'' as a genus name, only saying that whoever ({{lang-de|wer}}) preferred smaller genera might do so.}} In 1888, Adolf Engler used Kuntze's ''Pseudogaltonia'' as a genus name in his treatment of the Liliaceae.<ref name=Engl88>{{Citation |last=Engler |first=H.G.A |year=1888 |editor-last=Engler |editor-first=H.G.A. |editor2-last=Prantl |editor2-first=K.A.E. |contribution=Liliaceae: ''Pseudogaltonia'' |title=Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien |contribution-url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16792724 |page=158 |access-date=2013-04-11 |volume=2 |issue=5 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref> Kuntze had named the only species known at that time as ''Hyacinthus pechuelii'', which Engler transferred to ''Pseudogaltonia pechuelii''. However, the species had already been described with the name ''Galtonia clavata'' in 1884, giving the epithet ''"clavata"'' priority over ''"pechuelii."''<ref name=WCSP_283817>{{Citation |title=''Pseudogaltonia clavata'' |work=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=[[Organization:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=283817 |access-date=2013-04-11}}</ref> A second species of ''Pseudogaltonia'', ''P.&nbsp;liliiflora'', was named in 2009.<ref name=WCSP_Pseudogaltonia/>

The genus is placed in the tribe Ornithogaleae (or the subfamily Ornithogaloideae by those who use the family Hyacinthaceae). Within this tribe, [[Biology:Molecular phylogenetics|molecular phylogenetic studies]] place it as most closely related to the genus ''[[Biology:Dipcadi|Dipcadi]]''.<ref name=MartCresJuanFay11>{{Citation |last1=Martinez-Azorin |first1=Mario |last2=Crespo |first2=Manuel B. |last3=Juan |first3=Ana |last4=Fay |first4=Michael F. |year=2011 |title=Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Ornithogaloideae (Hyacinthaceae) based on nuclear and plastid DNA regions, including a new taxonomic arrangement |journal=Annals of Botany |volume=107 |issue=1 |pages=1–37 |doi=10.1093/aob/mcq207 |pmid=21163815 |pmc=3002468}}</ref>

===Species===

{{As of|2013|April}}, the [[Biology:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families|World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]] recognized the following two [[Biology:Species|species]]:<ref name=WCSP_Pseudogaltonia>{{Citation |title=Search for ''Pseudogaltonia'' |work=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=[[Organization:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Pseudogaltonia |access-date=2013-04-09 }}</ref>

*''Pseudogaltonia clavata''  <small>(Baker ex Mast.) E.Phillips</small> – [[Biology:Synonym (taxonomy)|synonyms]] include ''Galtonia clavata'' <small>Baker ex Mast.</small>, ''Ornithogalum clavatum'' <small>(Baker ex Mast.) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt</small>; ''Hyacinthus pechuelii'' <small>Kuntze</small>, ''Pseudogaltonia pechuelii'' <small>(Kuntze) Engl.</small>
*''Pseudogaltonia liliiflora''  <small>J.C.Manning & Goldblatt</small>

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Bibliography==
{{Refbegin}}* {{cite journal|last1=Baker|first1=JG|title=Galtonia clavata|journal=Curtis's Botanical Magazine|date=1886|volume=112|page=t. 6885|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7DpNAAAAYAAJ|access-date=6 April 2015}}{{Refend}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q5673320}}

[[Category:Asparagaceae genera]]
[[Category:Scilloideae]]

{{Sourceattribution|Pseudogaltonia}}