View source for Biology:Pubic tubercle

{{Short description|Bone}}
{{Infobox bone
| Name        = Pubic tubercle
| Latin       = tuberculum pubicum ossis pubis
| Image       = Gray321.png
| Caption     = Pubic symphysis exposed by a coronal section. (Pubic tubercle labeled at upper left.)
| Image2      = Skeletal pelvis-pubis.svg
| Caption2    = Pelvis. Pubic tubercle is 4d.
}}
The '''pubic tubercle''' is a prominent [[Biology:Tubercle|tubercle]] on the superior ramus of the pubis bone of the [[Biology:Pelvis|pelvis]].

== Structure ==
The pubic tubercle is a prominent forward-projecting [[Biology:Tubercle|tubercle]] on the upper border of the medial portion of the superior ramus of the pubis bone. The inguinal ligament attaches to it.<ref name=":2" /> Part of the abdominal external oblique muscle inserts onto it.<ref name=":2">{{Citation|last=Jacob|first=S.|title=Chapter 4 - Abdomen|date=2008-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780443103735500075|work=Human Anatomy|pages=71–123|editor-last=Jacob|editor-first=S.|publisher=Churchill Livingstone|language=en|doi=10.1016/b978-0-443-10373-5.50007-5|isbn=978-0-443-10373-5|access-date=2021-01-22}}</ref> The inferior epigastric artery passes between the pubic tubercle and the [[Biology:Anterior superior iliac spine|anterior superior iliac spine]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Garcia-Tsao|first=Guadalupe|title=15 - Ascites and Hyponatremia|date=2018-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978032337591700015X|work=Zakim and Boyer's Hepatology (Seventh Edition)|pages=220–232.e4|editor-last=Sanyal|editor-first=Arun J.|place=Philadelphia|publisher=Elsevier|language=en|isbn=978-0-323-37591-7|access-date=2021-01-22|editor2-last=Boyer|editor2-first=Thomas D.|editor3-last=Lindor|editor3-first=Keith D.|editor4-last=Terrault|editor4-first=Norah A.}}</ref> The pubic spine is a rough ridge that extends from the pubic tubercle to the upper border of the pubic symphysis.

== Clinical significance ==
The pubic tubercle may be palpated.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Narchi|first=Patrick|title=Chapter 49 - Truncal Blocks|date=2008-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323041843500522|work=Raj's Practical Management of Pain (Fourth Edition)|pages=905–915|editor-last=Benzon|editor-first=Honorio T.|place=Philadelphia|publisher=Mosby|language=en|isbn=978-0-323-04184-3|access-date=2021-01-21|last2=Singelyn|first2=François|last3=Paqueron|first3=Xavier|editor2-last=Rathmell|editor2-first=James P.|editor3-last=Wu|editor3-first=Christopher L.|editor4-last=Turk|editor4-first=Dennis C.}}</ref> It serves as a landmark for [[Medicine:Local anesthetic|local anaesthetic]] of the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve, which lies slightly lateral to the pubic tubercle.<ref name=":0" /> This may also be used for the obturator nerve.<ref>{{Citation|last=Candido|first=Kenneth D.|title=Chapter 76 - Lumbar Plexus, Femoral, Lateral Femoral Cutaneous, Obturator, Saphenous, and Fascia Iliaca Blocks|date=2005-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780443066511500800|work=Essentials of Pain Medicine and Regional Anesthesia (Second Edition)|pages=645–658|editor-last=Benzon|editor-first=Honorio T.|place=Philadelphia|publisher=Churchill Livingstone|language=en|isbn=978-0-443-06651-1|access-date=2021-01-22|last2=Benzon|first2=Honorio T.|editor2-last=Raja|editor2-first=Srinivasa N.|editor3-last=Molloy|editor3-first=Robert E.|editor4-last=Liu|editor4-first=Spencer S.}}</ref>

=== Hernias ===
The pubic tubercle is a useful landmark for identifying hernias.<ref name=":1">{{Citation|last=Jacob|first=S.|title=Chapter 6 - Lower limb|date=2008-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780443103735500099|work=Human Anatomy|pages=135–179|editor-last=Jacob|editor-first=S.|publisher=Churchill Livingstone|language=en|doi=10.1016/b978-0-443-10373-5.50009-9|isbn=978-0-443-10373-5|access-date=2021-01-22}}</ref> An inguinal hernia will lie anteromedial to the pubic tubercle.<ref name=":1" /> A femoral hernia will lie inferolateral to the pubic tubercle.<ref name=":1" />

==References==
<references />

==External links==
* {{UMichAtlas|abdo_wall65}} - "The Coverings of the Inguinal Canal, External & Internal Oblique & Transversus Abdominis Removed"
* {{NormanAnatomy|pelvis}} ({{NormanAnatomyFig|pelvissuperior2}}, {{NormanAnatomyFig|pelvislateral}}, {{NormanAnatomyFig|pelvisinside}})
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060322133004/http://www.nysora.com/techniques/genitofemoral_block/ Photo at nysora.com]
* [http://cai.md.chula.ac.th/lesson/hernia/hernia11.htm Photo of dissection at chula.ac.th]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061118084211/http://www.studentbmj.com/issues/03/09/education/318.php Article and diagram at studentbmj.com]


[[Category:Skeletal system]]

{{Sourceattribution|Pubic tubercle}}