View source for Biology:Radix peregra

{{Short description|Species of gastropod}}
{{Taxobox
| image = Radix_peregra.jpg
| image_caption = Four [[Biology:Gastropod shell|shells]] of ''Radix peregra'', scale bar shows cm and mm
| status = 
| regnum = [[Biology:Animal|Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Biology:Mollusca|Mollusca]]
| classis = [[Biology:Gastropoda|Gastropoda]]
| unranked_superfamilia = clade [[Biology:Heterobranchia|Heterobranchia]]<br/>clade [[Biology:Euthyneura|Euthyneura]]<br/>clade [[Biology:Panpulmonata|Panpulmonata]]<br/>clade Hygrophila
| superfamilia = [[Biology:Lymnaeoidea|Lymnaeoidea]]
| familia = [[Biology:Lymnaeidae|Lymnaeidae]]
| subfamilia = Lymnaeinae
| genus = ''[[Biology:Radix (gastropod)|Radix]]''
| species = '''''R. peregra'''''
| binomial = ''Radix peregra''
| binomial_authority = (O. F. Müller, 1774)<ref>Müller O. F. 1774. ''Vermivm terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusoriorum, helminthicorum, et testaceorum, non marinorum, succincta historia''. Volumen alterum. pp. I-XXVI [= 1-36], 1-214, [1-10]. Havniae & Lipsiae. (Heineck & Faber).</ref>
| synonyms =
* ''Radix labiata'' (Rossmässler, 1835)<ref>Rossmässler E. A. 1835-1837. ''Iconographie der Land- und Süßwasser-Mollusken, mit vorzüglicher Berücksichtigung der europäischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten''. Erster Band. pp. Heft 1: [1], I-VI [= 1-6], 1-132, [1-2], Heft 2: [1-2], 1-26, Heft 3: [1-3], 1-33, Heft 4: [1-3], 1-27, Heft 5-6: [1-3], 1-70, Taf. 1-30. Dresden, Leipzig. (Arnold).</ref>
* ''Lymnaea peregra''
* ''Lymnaea pereger''
}}

'''''Radix peregra''''', previously known as ''Lymnaea peregra'' or ''Lymnaea pereger'', is a [[Biology:Species|species]] of air-breathing [[Biology:Freshwater snail|freshwater snail]], an aquatic pulmonate gastropod in the family [[Biology:Lymnaeidae|Lymnaeidae]], the pond snails.

There is more than one named variety or form of this snail.

==Distribution==
This small pond snail is found in [[Earth:Europe|Europe]], Newfoundland and north [[Earth:Asia|Asia]], in countries and islands including:

* Croatia
* Germany
* Netherlands
* Poland
* Czech Republic<ref name="Horsák 2010">{{in lang|cs}} Horsák M., Juřičková L., Beran L., Čejka T. & Dvořák L. (2010). "Komentovaný seznam měkkýšů zjištěných ve volné přírodě České a Slovenské republiky. [Annotated list of mollusc species recorded outdoors in the Czech and Slovak Republics]". ''Malacologica Bohemoslovaca'', Suppl. 1: 1-37. [http://mollusca.sav.sk/pdf/9/Suppl-1-v2.pdf PDF].</ref>
* Slovakia<ref name="Horsák 2010"/>
* Great Britain
* Ireland
* Iceland
* and other areas

==Habitat==
This species is common in slow-moving or still water.<ref>Janus Horst. (1965). ''The young specialist looks at land and freshwater molluscs''. Burke, London.</ref>

[[File:Radix peregra underwater.JPG|thumb|Radix peregra]]

==Taxonomy==
The taxonomic status of certain species in the genus ''Radix'' has been disputed. Remigio (2002) reported sequence divergence within the 16S mitochondrial gene of ''Radix peregra'' and ''Radix ovata''.<ref>{{Cite journal 
| last1 = e. | first1 = R. 
| title = Molecular phylogenetic relationships in the aquatic snail genus Lymnaea , the intermediate host of the causative agent of fascioliasis: Insights from broader taxon sampling 
| doi = 10.1007/s00436-002-0658-8 
| journal = Parasitology Research 
| volume = 88 
| issue = 7 
| pages = 687–696 
| year = 2002 
| pmid = 12107463 
}}</ref> Furthermore, the shell morphology and alloenzyme data indicated that ''Radix peregra'' and ''Radix ovata'' are distinct.<ref>Glöer P., Meier-Brook C., Osterman O. (1987). ''Süsswassermollusken: ein Bestimmungsschlüssel für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland''. Deutscher Jugendbund für Naturbeobachtung, Hamburg.</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ward | first1 = P. I. | last2 = Goater | first2 = C. P. | last3 = Mikos | first3 = M. | title = Shell variation in sympatric freshwater Lymnaea peregra and L. Ovata (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) | doi = 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1997.tb01782.x | journal = Biological Journal of the Linnean Society | volume = 61 | pages = 139–149 | year = 1997 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

In contrast, Bargues et al. (2001) considered on the basis of [[Biology:Internal transcribed spacer|ITS]]-2 sequence analysis, that ''R. peregra'', ''R. ovata'', and ''[[Biology:Radix balthica|R. balthica]]'' are in fact a conspecific species.<ref>{{Cite journal 
| doi = 10.1016/S1567-1348(01)00019-3 
| last1 = Bargues | first1 = M. D. 
| last2 = Vigo | first2 = M. 
| last3 = Horak | first3 = P. 
| last4 = Dvorak | first4 = J. 
| last5 = Patzner | first5 = R. A. 
| last6 = Pointier | first6 = J. P. 
| last7 = Jackiewicz | first7 = M. 
| last8 = Meier-Brook | first8 = C. 
| last9 = Mas-Coma | first9 = S. 
| title = European Lymnaeidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda), intermediate hosts of trematodiases, based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS-2 sequences 
| journal = Infection, Genetics and Evolution 
| volume = 1 
| issue = 2 
| pages = 85–107 
| year = 2001 
| pmid = 12798024
}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/home/species?id=2065 ''Radix peregra'']  at Animalbase

{{Taxonbar|from=Q901401}}

[[Category:Lymnaeidae]]

{{Sourceattribution|Radix peregra|1}}