View source for Biology:Rubus laciniatus

{{Short description|Berry and plant}}
{{Speciesbox
|name = Cutleaf evergreen blackberry
|image = Rubus_laciniatus.jpg
|genus = Rubus
|species = laciniatus
|authority = Willd. 1806
}}

'''''Rubus laciniatus''''', the '''cutleaf evergreen blackberry''' or '''evergreen blackberry''', is a species of ''[[Biology:Rubus|Rubus]]'', native to Eurasia. It is an [[Earth:Introduced species|introduced species]] in {{wipe|Australia}} and [[Earth:North America|North America]]. It has become a weed and [[Earth:Invasive species|invasive species]] in forested [[Earth:Habitat|habitat]]s in the {{wipe|United States}} and Canada, particularly in the Northeast and along the Pacific Coast.<ref>{{BONAP|ref|genus=Rubus |species=laciniatus}}</ref><ref>{{Calflora}}</ref><ref>[http://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/03030800-0b07-490a-8d04-0605030c0f01/media/Html/Rubus_fruticosus_sp._agg.htm Queensland Government, European blackberries ''Rubus fruticosus'' ]</ref>

==Description==
''Rubus laciniatus'' is a [[Biology:Deciduous|deciduous]], bramble-forming [[Biology:Shrub|shrub]] growing to 3 meters (10 feet) tall, with [[Biology:Thorns, spines, and prickles|prickly]] shoots. The [[Biology:Leaf|leaves]] are palmately compound, with five leaflets, each divided into deeply toothed subleaflets with jagged, thorny tips. The flowers have pink or white petals. Fruits are similar to the common [[Biology:Blackberry|blackberry]], with a unique, fruitier flavour.<ref>[http://science.halleyhosting.com/nature/gorge/5petal/rose/rubus/evergreen.htm Paul Slichter, The Blackberries and Brambles of the Columbia River Gorge of Oregon and Washington,  Cutleaf Blackberry, Cut-leaf Blackberry, Cut-leaved Blackberry, Evergreen Blackberry ''Rubus laciniatus''] includes description and photos</ref><ref name="FNA">{{eFloras|1|242417164|Rubus laciniatus|family=Rosaceae|first1=Lawrence A. |last1=Alice |first2=Douglas H. |last2=Goldman |first3=James A. |last3=Macklin |first4=Gerry |last4=Moore}}</ref> The fruits are not [[Biology:Berry (botany)|true berries]] in the botanical sense.

The species is unusual in the genus in having 3-lobed petals and also in having such deeply divided leaves.<ref name="FNA" />

The fruits of this plant are eagerly consumed by a number of animal species, including many birds and mammals.<ref name=fs>{{FEIS |last=Fryer |first=Janet L. |date=2021 |genus=Rubus |species=laciniatus |type=shrub}}</ref> The thickets provide valuable cover for animals.<ref name="FNA"/><ref name=fs/>

===Cultivation===

Several commercially important [[Biology:Berry|berry]] [[Biology:Cultivar|cultivar]]s have been bred from this wild ''Rubus laciniatus'' species, which has been grown for its fruits since 1770.<ref name=fs/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons|Rubus laciniatus}}
* [http://linnet.geog.ubc.ca/Atlas/Atlas.aspx?sciname=Rubus+laciniatus Plants of British Columbia: ''Rubus laciniatus'']
* {{Calflora|Rubus laciniatus}}
* [http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php?Genus=Rubus&Species=laciniatus University of Washington, Seattle, Burke Museum]
* [http://www.tropicos.org/ImageFullView.aspx?imageid=100386996 photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden]
* {{Go Botany |genus=Rubus |species=laciniatus |link=1}}
* {{PFAF|Rubus laciniatus}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q4356004}}

[[Category:Rubus|laciniatus]]

{{Sourceattribution|Rubus laciniatus}}