View source for Biology:Solaropsis

{{Short description|Genus of gastropods}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Solaropsis pellisboae (MNHN-IM-2000-2079).jpeg
|image_caption = Shell of ''Solaropsis pellisboae'' (syntype at MNHN, Paris)
|taxon = Solaropsis
|authority = Beck, 1837<ref>Beck (1837). ''Index Moll. Mus. Ch. Fred.'' (1): 27.</ref>
|synonyms_ref = 
|synonyms=
* ''Helix (Ophiospila)'' <small>Ancey, 1887</small>
* ''Helix (Psadara)'' <small>K. Miller, 1878</small> (original rank)
* ''Helix (Solaropsis)'' <small>Beck, 1837</small> (original rank)
* ''Olympus'' <small>Simone, 2010</small>
* ''Ophiodermis'' <small>Agassiz, 1846</small>
* ''Ophiospila'' <small>Ancey, 1887</small>
* ''Psadara'' <small>K. Miller, 1878</small>
* ''Solarium'' <small>Lamarck, 1799</small>
* ''Solaropsis (Eupsadara)'' <small>Pilsbry, 1926</small>· accepted, alternate representation
* ''Solaropsis (Heliopsis)'' <small>Pilsbry, 1933</small>· accepted, alternate representation
* ''Solaropsis (Psadara)'' <small>K. Miller, 1878·</small> accepted, alternate representation
* ''Solaropsis (Psadariella)'' <small>Weyrauch, 1956</small>· accepted, alternate representation
* ''Solaropsis (Solaropsis)'' <small>H. Beck, 1837</small>· accepted, alternate representation
|type_species = ''Helix pellisserpentis'' <small>Gmelin, 1791</small> 
|display_parents= 3
}}

'''''Solaropsis''''', also known by the [[Biology:Common name|common name]] '''sundial snails''' or '''sun snails''', is a [[Biology:Genus|genus]] of air-breathing [[Biology:Land snail|land snail]]s, [[Biology:Terrestrial animal|terrestrial]] pulmonate gastropod [[Biology:Mollusc|mollusk]]s in the family [[Biology:Solaropsidae|Solaropsidae]].<ref>{{Bouchet 2005}}</ref><ref name="WoRMS">MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Solaropsis H. Beck, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=870601 on 2021-02-07</ref>

== Distribution ==
Distribution of ''Solaropsis'' include:

'''Central America:'''
* Costa Rica <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Barrientos|first=Zaidett|date=2003|title=Lista de especies de moluscos terrestres (Archaeogastropoda, Mesogastropoda, Archaeopulmonata, Stylommatophora, Soleolifera) informadas para Costa Rica.|url=https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/26388/26575|journal=Revista Biología Tropical|volume=51|pages=293–304}}</ref><ref name="Oliveira 2010" />

'''South America:'''
* Colombia<ref name="Oliveira 2010"/>
* Bolivia<ref name="Oliveira 2010"/>
* Guyana<ref name="Oliveira 2010"/>
* Brazil
* northeastern Argentina<ref name="Oliveira 2010"/>

==Species==
Species within the genus ''Solaropsis'' include:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}} 
*''Solaropsis alcobacensis'' Salvador & Simone, 2015<ref name=StuttgarterAa>{{cite journal|last1=Salvador|first1=R.B.|last2=Simone|first2=L.R.L.|title=Taxonomical study on a sample of land snails from Alcobaça (Bahia, Brazil), with description of a new species|journal=Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A|date=2015|volume=Neue Serie 8|pages=1–7}}</ref>
* ''Solaropsis amazonica'' (Pfeiffer, 1854)<ref name="Salgado 2003">{{in lang|pt}} Salgado N. C. & Coelho A. C. S. (2003). "Moluscos terrestres do Brasil (Gastrópodes operculados ou não, exclusive Veronicellidae, Milacidae e Limacidae)". ''Rev. Biol. Trop.'' '''51'''(Suppl. 3): 149-189. (with English abstract), [http://www.biologia.ucr.ac.cr/rbt/attachments/suppls/sup51-3%20malacol/10-CAMPOS_42.pdf PDF] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004085748/http://www.biologia.ucr.ac.cr/rbt/attachments/suppls/sup51-3%20malacol/10-CAMPOS_42.pdf |date=2011-10-04 }}.</ref>
* ''Solaropsis andicola'' <small>L. Pfeiffer</small><ref name="Schileyko 2006">Schileyko A. A. (2006). "Treatise on  recent  terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 13. Helicidae, Pleurodontidae, Polygyridae,  Ammonitellidae,  Oreohelicidae,  Thysanophoridae". ''Ruthenica''  Suppl. 2: 1765-1906. pages 1840-1843.</ref>
* ''Solaropsis anguicula'' <small>(Hupé, 1853)</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis angulifera'' <small>F. Haas, 1955</small>
* ''Solaropsis anomala'' <small>Pilsbry, 1957</small>
* ''Solaropsis bachi'' <small>Ihering, 1900</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis brasiliana'' <small>(Deshayes, 1831)</small><ref name="Schileyko 2006"/><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis caperata'' <small>F. S. Silva, Mendes-Júnior & Simone, 2022</small>
* ''Solaropsis castelnaudii'' <small>(Hupé & Deville, 1850)</small>
* ''Solaropsis catenifera'' <small>L. Pfeiffer, 1854</small><ref name="Schileyko 2006"/>
* ''Solaropsis cearana'' <small>(F. Baker, 1914)</small><ref name="Schileyko 2006"/><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis chicomendesi'' <small>Cuezzo & I. Fernández, 2001</small>
* ''Solaropsis cicatricata'' <small>Beck, 1837</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis cousini'' <small>Jousseaume, 1887</small>
* ''Solaropsis derbyi'' <small>(Ihering, 1900)</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis diplogonia'' <small>(Dohrn, 1882)</small>
* ''Solaropsis elaps'' <small>Dohrn, 1882</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis fairchildi'' <small>Bequaert & Clench, 1938</small><ref name="Oliveira 2010"/><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis feisthameli'' <small>(Hupé, 1853)</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis gibboni'' <small>(L. Pfeiffer, 1846)</small>
* ''Solaropsis heliaca'' <small>(d’Orbigny, 1835)</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis incarum'' <small>(Philippi, 1869)</small>
* ''Solaropsis inornata'' <small>Haas, 1951</small>
* ''Solaropsis johnsoni'' <small>Pilsbry, 1933</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis juruana'' <small>(Ihering, 1905)</small>
* ''Solaropsis leopoldina'' <small>(Strubel, 1895)</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis marmatensis'' L. Pfeiffer<ref name="Schileyko 2006"/>
* ''Solaropsis monile'' <small>(Broderip, 1832)</small>
* ''Solaropsis monolacca'' <small>(L. Pfeiffer, 1857)</small>
* ''Solaropsis nimbus'' <small>(Simone, 2010)</small>
* ''Solaropsis nubeculata'' <small>(Deshayes, 1831)</small>
* ''Solaropsis palizae'' <small>Weyrauch, 1956</small><ref name="Schileyko 2006"/>
* ''Solaropsis pascalia'' <small>(Cailliaud, 1857)</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis pellisboae'' <small>(Hupé, 1853)</small>
* ''Solaropsis penthesileae'' <small>Salvador, 2021</small>
* ''Solaropsis pilsbryi'' <small>Ihering, 1900</small> <ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis pizarro'' <small>(Pilsbry, 1944)</small>
* ''Solaropsis planior'' <small>(Pilsbry, 1889)</small>
* ''Solaropsis praestans'' <small>L. Pfeiffer, 1854</small><ref name="Schileyko 2006"/>
* ''Solaropsis punctata'' <small>(Wagner, 1827)</small>
* ''Solaropsis rosarium'' <small>(Pfeiffer, 1849)</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis rugifera'' <small>Dohrn, 1882</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis selenostoma'' <small>L. Pfeiffer, 1854</small><ref name="Schileyko 2006"/>
* ''Solaropsis serpens'' <small>(Spix, 1827)</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis tiloriensis'' <small>(Angas, 1879)</small><ref name=":0" />
* ''Solaropsis trigonostoma'' <small>Haas, 1934</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis undata'' <small>(Lightfoot, 1786)</small><ref name="Schileyko 2006"/><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
* ''Solaropsis undata'' <small>F. Haas, 1966</small> (homonymy: a secondary junior homonym of ''Solaropsis undata'' <small>([Lightfoot], 1786)</small>. There is no recognized synonym or substitute name available, and a replacement name may be necessary if the species is confirmed to be valid).
* ''Solaropsis venezuelensis'' <small>Preston, 1909</small>
* ''Solaropsis vipera'' <small>(Pfeiffer, 1859)</small><ref name="Salgado 2003"/>
{{div col end}}
;Species brought into synonymy:
* ''Solaropsis catenulata'' <small>(Ancey, 1890)</small>: synonym of ''Solaropsis marmatensis'' <small>(L. Pfeiffer, 1855)</small>
* * ''Solaropsis kuhni'' ''L. Pfeiffer'':<ref name="Schileyko 2006"/> synonym of ''Solaropsis nubeculata'' <small>(Deshayes, 1831)</small>
* ''Solaropsis paravicinii'' <small>Ancey, 1897</small>: synonym of ''Solaropsis heliaca'' <small>(d'Orbigny, 1835)</small>
* ''Solaropsis pellisserpentis'' <small>Chemnitz</small>:<ref name="Schileyko 2006"/> synonym of ''Solaropsis undata'' <small>([Lightfoot], 1786)</small>

== Ecology ==
''Solaropsis'' lives in rain forests.<ref name="Oliveira 2010"/>

''Solaropsis'' aff. ''fairchildi'' has been found to feed on flesh meat in the laboratory.<ref name="Oliveira 2010">Oliveira L. E. (2010). "Carnivory in ''Solaropsis'' aff. ''fairchildi'' (Gastropoda, Solaropsidae)". ''Strombus'' '''17'''(2): 12-13. [http://www.conchasbrasil.org.br/strombus/fillcookie.asp?file=017p12abs.pdf abstract].</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* Pilsbry, H. A. (1926). The land mollusks of the Republic of Panama and the Canal Zone. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 78: 57–126, plates 9–10.
* Pilsbry, H. A. (1933). Zoological results of the Matto Grosso expedition to Brazil in 1931,-II. Mollusca. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 85: 67-76 + 1 plate.
* Weyrauch, W.K. (1956). Neue Landschnecken aus Peru. Archiv für Molluskenkunde, 85 (4/6): 145–164, pl. 11. Frankfurt am Main.
* Cuezzo M. G. (2002). "On ''Solaropsis'' Beck: New anatomical data and its systematic position within Helicoidea (Pulmonata, Stylomatophora)". ''Papeis avulsos de Zool.'', São Paulo '''42'''(3): 31–46.
* Simone, L. R. L. (2010). A new genus and species of camaenid from the Amazon Rainforest, Brazil (Pulmonata, Helicoidea). Journal of Conchology. 40(2): 149-161

== External links ==
* [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32058074  Beck, H. (1837-1838). Index molluscorum praesentis aevi musei principis augustissimi Christiani Frederici. 124 pp. Hafniae ]
* [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39465053 Wagner, J. A. (1827). Testacea fluviatilia quae in itinere per Brasiliam annis MDCCCXVII-MDCCCXX (1817-1820) jussu et auspiciis Maximiliani Josephi I. Bavariae Regis augustissimi suscepto, collegit et pingenda curavit Dr. J. B. de Spix (...), digessit, descripsit et observationibus illustravit Dr. J. A. Wagner. Munich: C. Wolf. pp. i-iv, 1-36, plates 1-29.]
* [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15855524 Miller, K. (1878). Die Binnenmollusken von Ecuador. Malakozoologische Blätter. 25: 153-199]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5354113/# Breure, A. S. H. & Araujo, R. (2017). The Neotropical land snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda) collected by the “Comisión Científica del Pacífico.”. PeerJ. 5, e3065.]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q7557070}}

[[Category:Pleurodontidae]]
[[Category:Gastropod genera]]

{{Sourceattribution|Solaropsis}}