View source for Biology:Taxonomy of Protista

{{Short description|Classification of eukaryotes}}
{{Image frame|width=500|content=[[File:Eukaryote Phylogeny.png|500px]]
|caption=A modern non-hierarchical interpretation of the phylogeny of protists}}

A [[Biology:Protist|protist]] ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|r|oʊ|t|ᵻ|s|t}}) is any eukaryotic organism (one with cells containing a nucleus) that is not an [[Biology:Animal|animal]], [[Biology:Plant|plant]], or [[Biology:Fungus|fungus]]. The [[Biology:Protist|protist]]s do not form a natural group, or [[Biology:Clade|clade]], since they exclude certain eukaryotes with whom they share a common ancestor;{{efn |name=origin |The first eukaryotes were “neither plants, animals, nor fungi”, hence as defined, the ''Protista'' would include the earliest common ancestor of all eukaryotes.}} but, like [[Biology:Algae|algae]] or [[Biology:Invertebrate|invertebrate]]s, the grouping is used for convenience. In some systems of biological classification, such as the popular [[Biology:Kingdom#History|five-kingdom]] scheme proposed by [[Biography:Robert Whittaker (ecologist)|Robert Whittaker]] in 1969, the protists make up a [[Biology:Kingdom|kingdom]] called '''Protista''', composed of "organisms which are unicellular or unicellular-colonial and which form no [[Biology:Tissue|tissues]]".<ref name=whitaker5kingdoms/>{{efn|In the original 4-kingdom model proposed in 1959, ''Protista'' included all unicellular microorganisms such as [[Biology:Bacteria|bacteria]].}} In the 21st century, the classification shifted toward a two-kingdom system of protists: [[Biology:Chromista|Chromista]] (containing the chromalveolate, [[Biology:Rhizaria|rhizaria]]n and [[Biology:Hacrobia|hacrobia]]n groups) and [[Biology:Protozoa|Protozoa]] (containing [[Biology:Excavata|excavates]] and all protists more closely related to animals and fungi).<ref name="Higher"/>

The following groups contain protists. The clade Opisthokonta also contains the animals and the fungi, and the kingdom [[Biology:Archaeplastida|Archaeplastida]] also contains algae and plants.

Key to symbols used:
:(P) = Paraphyletic group.
:† = Extinct group.
:? = Group of [[Biology:Incertae sedis|uncertain taxonomic position]].
:<nowiki>*</nowiki> = Group lacking molecular data.

== Current classification ==

This article largely follows the efforts of the scientific community and the [[Biology:Protistology|International Society of Protistologists]] to revise the taxonomy of protists in a manner that reflects their [[Biology:Phylogeny|phylogeny]] and [[Biology:Evolution|evolution]], striving away from the use of historical paraphyletic taxa and relying exclusively on [[Biology:Clade|clade]]s as the basis of the classification. The reference used for the general arrangement of groups is the publication ''Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature and Diversity of Eukaryotes'', published in 2019 by researcher Sina Adl and coauthors.<ref name="Adl 2019"/> Other studies are used for some specific groups of protists that have been revised after 2018, such as [[Biology:Mycetozoa|slime moulds]],<ref name="Myxomycetes"/> glaucophyte algae,<ref name="plastid genomes from glaucophyta"/> [[Biology:Arcellinida|arcellinid testate amoebae]]<ref name="Arcellinida2022"/> and planktonic [[Biology:Foraminifera|foraminifera]].<ref name="Planktic foraminifera 2022"/>

The following cladogram shows the relationships between the major groups of protists, as well as the kingdoms of animals, plants and [[Biology:Fungi|fungi]], according to the most recent phylogenetic analyses.<ref name="EUBAC"/><ref name="OrphanProtistanLineages"/><ref name="Provora"/><ref name="ChoanoEvo"/><ref name="CAM clade"/>
{{clade|style=font-size:90%;line-height:80%|label1=Eukaryota|1={{clade
  |2=[[Biology:Hemimastigophora|Hemimastigophora]]
  |4=Metamonada [[File:Giardia muris trophozoite SEM 11643.jpg|50px]]|bar3=green
  |5=Malawimonada|barend4=green
  |6=[[Biology:Ancyromonadida|Ancyromonadida]]
  |label7=[[Biology:Podiata|Podiata]]|7={{clade
      |1=[[Biology:CRuMs|CRuMs]]
      |label2=[[Biology:Amorphea|Amorphea]]|2={{clade
        |1=[[Biology:Amoebozoa|Amoebozoa]] [[File:Amoeba_proteus_with_many_pseudopodia.jpg|50px]]
        |label2=[[Biology:Obazoa|Obazoa]]|2={{clade
          |1=[[Biology:Breviatea|Breviatea]]
          |2={{clade
            |1=[[Biology:Apusomonadida|Apusomonadida]] [[Image:Podomonas kaiyoae C.jpg|50px]]
            |label2=Opisthokonta|2={{clade
              |label1=[[Biology:Holomycota|Holomycota]]|1={{clade|1=[[Biology:Fungi|Fungi]] [[File:Aspergillus.jpg|50px]]|2=Cristidiscoidea [[File:Nuclearia sp Nikko (cropped).jpg|50px]]|barbegin2=purple}}
              |label2=[[Biology:Holozoa|Holozoa]]|2={{clade|1=[[Biology:Ichthyosporea|Ichthyosporea]] [[File:Sphaeroforma_arctica.jpg|50px]]|bar1=purple|2=Pluriformea 50px|state3=dashed|3=''Tunicaraptor''|bar2=purple|bar3=purple|label4=Filozoa|4={{clade|1=Filasterea 50px|bar1=purple|label2=Choanozoa|2={{clade|1=Choanoflagellata 50px|barend1=purple|2=Metazoa (Kingdom Animalia) [[Image:Geometric Progression.jpg|50px]]}}}}
              }}
            }} 
          }}
        }}
      }}
    }}
  |label3=Discoba|barbegin3=green|3={{clade|1=Jakobea|2={{clade|1=Tsukubea|label2=[[Biology:Discicristata|Discicristata]]|2={{clade|1=Heterolobosea [[File:Percolomonas_sp.jpg|50px]]|2=Euglenozoa [[File:Lepocinclis_tripteris_-_400X_-_1_(10388482005).jpg|50px]]}}}}}}
  |label1=[[Biology:Diaphoretickes|Diaphoretickes]]|1={{clade
     |label1=TSAR|1={{clade|2=[[Biology:Telonemia|Telonemia]]|label1=SAR|1={{clade|label1=Halvaria|1={{clade|1=Stramenopiles [[File:Cafeteria_roenbergensis_atcc50561_Protsville.jpg|50px]]|2=Alveolata 50px}}|2=Rhizaria [[File:Ammonia_tepida.jpg|50px]]}}}}
     |2=Haptista [[File:Coccolithus_pelagicus.jpg|40px]]
     |3=[[Biology:Provora|Provora]]
     |label4=CAM|4={{clade
       |1={{clade|1=Cryptista [[File:Rhodomonas_salina_CCMP_322.jpg|50px]]|2=''Microheliella''}}
       |2=[[Biology:Archaeplastida|Archaeplastida]] (Kingdom Plantae ''s.l.'') [[File:Green algae .jpg|60px]]
   }}
 }}
}}
|grouplabel1={{clade labels|label1=[[Biology:Choanozoa|Choanozoa]] (P)<br/>{{au|''sensu'' Cavalier-Smith}}|top1=82%|label2=[[Biology:Excavata|Excavates]] (P)|top2=41%}}
}}

==[[Biology:Amorphea|Amorphea]] {{au|Adl et al. 2012}}==
===[[Biology:Obazoa|Obazoa]] {{au|Brown et al. 2013}}===
''Incertae sedis'' Obazoa:
*'''[[Biology:Apusomonadida|Apusomonadida]]''' {{au|Karpov & Mylnikov 1989}} [Apusomonadidae {{au|Karpov & Mylnikov 1989}}; Thecomonadea {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993 em. 2013}}; [[Biology:Apusozoa|Apusozoa]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1997 em. 2013}} pro parte]. ''[[Biology:Amastigomonas|Amastigomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Apusomonas|Apusomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Chelonemonas|Chelonemonas]]'', ''Manchomonas'', ''Multimonas'', ''[[Biology:Podomonas|Podomonas]]'', ''Thecamonas'', ''Catacumbia'', ''Cavaliersmithia'', ''Karpovia'', ''Singekia''.<ref name="Expanding Apusomonadida"/>
*'''[[Biology:Breviatea|Breviatea]]''' {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2004}} [Breviatida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2004}}; Breviatidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}; [[Biology:Apusozoa|Apusozoa]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1997 em. 2013}} pro parte]. ''[[Biology:Breviata|Breviata]]'', ''Lenisia'', ''Pygsuia'', ''Subulatomonas''.
====Opisthokonta {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1987, emend. Adl et al. 2005}}====
*'''Nucletmycea''' {{au|Brown et al. 2009}} [Holomycota {{au|Liu et al. 2009}}]
**[[Biology:Cristidiscoidea|Rotosphaerida]] {{au|Rainer 1968}} [Cristidiscoidida {{au|Page 1987, Cavalier-Smith 1993, 1998}}; Nucleariidae {{au|Patterson 1983, 1999}}]. ''[[Biology:Fonticula|Fonticula]]'', ''[[Biology:Nuclearia|Nuclearia]]'', ''Parvularia'', ''[[Biology:Pompholyxophrys|Pompholyxophrys]]'', ''Lithocolla'', ?''Vampyrellidium''*, ?''Elaeorhanis''*, ?''[[Biology:Pinaciophora|Pinaciophora]]''*, ?''[[Biology:Rabdiophrys|Rabdiophrys]]''*, ?''Rabdiaster''*, ?''Thomseniophora''*.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Gabaldón T, Völcker E, Torruella G|title=On the Biology, Diversity and Evolution of Nucleariid Amoebae (Amorphea, Obazoa, Opisthokonta|journal=Protist|volume=173|issue=4|date=2022|page=125895|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2022.125895|pmid=35841659 |s2cid=249827842 |hdl=2117/369912|hdl-access=free}}</ref>
**'''[[Biology:Fungi|Fungi]]''' {{au|R.T. Moore 1980}}. Excluded from protists.
*'''[[Biology:Holozoa|Holozoa]]''' {{au|Lang et al. 2002}}. ''Incertae sedis'': ''[[Biology:Tunicaraptor|Tunicaraptor]]'' {{au|Tikhonenkov, Mikhailov, Hehenberger, Karpov, Prokina, Esaulov, Belyakova, Mazei, Mylnikov, Aleoshin & Keeling 2020}},<ref name="ChoanoEvo"/> {{extinct}}''[[Biology:Bicellum brasieri|Bicellum brasieri]]'' {{au|Strother & Wellman 2021}}.<ref name="Strother 2021"/> 
**[[Biology:Ichthyosporea|Ichthyosporea]]{{efn|name=Teretosporea Pluriformea}} {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1998}} [Mesomycetozoea {{au|Mendoza et al. 2002}}]
***[[Biology:Dermocystida|Dermocystida]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1998}} [Rhinosporidaceae {{au|Mendoza et al. 2001}}]. ''Amphibiocystidium'', ''Amphibiothecum'', ''Chromosphaera'', ''[[Biology:Dermocystidium|Dermocystidium]]'', ''[[Biology:Rhinosporidium|Rhinosporidium]]'', ''Sphaerothecum''.
***[[Biology:Ichthyophonida|Ichthyophonida]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1998}} [Ichthyophonae {{au|Mendoza et al. 2001}}; Amoebidiidae {{au|Reeves 2003}}]. ''Abeoforma'', ''[[Biology:Amoebidium|Amoebidium]]'', ''Anurofeca'', ''Astreptonema'', ''Caullerya'', ''Creolimax'', ''Eccrinidus'', ''Enterobryus'', ''[[Biology:Enteropogon|Enteropogon]]'', ''[[Biology:Ichthyophonus|Ichthyophonus]]'', ''Palavascia'', ''Pseudoperkinsus'', ''Psorospermium'', ''Sphaeroforma''.
**[[Biology:Pluriformea|Pluriformea]]{{efn|name=Teretosporea Pluriformea|There are two competing phylogenetic hypotheses: [[Biology:Teretosporea|Teretosporea]] (''[[Biology:Corallochytrium|Corallochytrium]]'' + [[Biology:Ichthyosporea|Ichthyosporea]]) and [[Biology:Pluriformea|Pluriformea]] (''[[Biology:Corallochytrium|Corallochytrium]]'' + ''Syssomonas'').<ref name="Adl 2019"/> This article follows the latter hypothesis, because it is strongly supported by the most recent phylogenetic studies.<ref name="ChoanoEvo"/>}} {{au|Hehenberger et al. 2017}}
***''Corallochytrium limacisporium'' {{au|Raghu-Kumar 1987}}
***''Syssomonas multiformis''{{efn|name=Teretosporea Pluriformea}} {{au|Tikhonenkov, Hehenberger, Mylnikov & Keeling 2017}}
**Filasterea {{au|Shalchian-Tabrizi et al. 2008}}. ''[[Biology:Capsaspora|Capsaspora]]'', ''[[Biology:Ministeria|Ministeria]]'', ''Pigoraptor'', ''Txikispora''.<ref name="Txikispora"/>
**[[Biology:Choanozoa|Choanozoa]] {{au|Brunet & King 2017}} [Choanozoa {{au|Cavalier-Smith et al. 1991}} (P)]{{efn|name=Choanozoa|The term "[[Biology:Choanozoa|Choanozoa]]" has been used since 1991 by Cavalier-Smith as a paraphyletic assemblage of opisthokont protists, and the terms "[[Biology:Apoikozoa|Apoikozoa]]" and "choanimal" were proposed as names for the clade Metazoa+Choanoflagellata. However, these terms have not been formally described or adopted, and were rejected in favour of a renamed [[Biology:Choanozoa|Choanozoa]] to fit the clade Metazoa+Choanoflagellata.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>}}
***Choanoflagellata {{au|Kent 1880–1882}} [Craspedomonadina {{au|Stein 1878}}; Craspedomonadaceae {{au|Senn 1900}}; Craspedophyceae {{au|Chadefaud 1960}}; Craspédomonadophycidées {{au|Bourrelly 1968}}; Craspedomonadophyceae {{au|Hibberd 1976}}; Choanomonadea {{au|Krylov et al. 1980}}; Choanoflagelliida {{au|Lee, Hutner & Bovee 1985}}; Choanoflagellatea {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1997 emend. Cavalier-Smith 1998}}; Choanomonada {{au|Adl et al. 2005}}].
****[[Biology:Craspedida|Craspedida]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1997, emend. Nitsche et al. 2011}}
*****[[Biology:Salpingoecidae|Salpingoecidae]] {{au|Kent 1880–1882, emend. sensu Nitsche et al. 2011}}. ''Astrosiga'', ''Aulomonas'', ''Choanoeca'', ''[[Biology:Cladospongia (Chaonozoa)|Cladospongia]]'', ''Codonocladium'', ''Codonosigopsis'', ''Codosiga'' [''[[Biology:Codonosiga|Codonosiga]]''], ''Desmarella'' [''Codonodesmus''; ''Kentrosiga''], ''Dicraspedella'', ''Diploeca'', ''Diplosiga'', ''Diplosigopsis'', ''Hartaetosiga'', ''Kentia'', ''Lagenoeca'', ''Microstomoeca'', ''Monosiga'', ''Mylnosiga'', ''Pachysoeca'', ''[[Biology:Proterospongia|Proterospongia]]'', ''[[Biology:Salpingoeca|Salpingoeca]]'', ''Salpingorhiza'', ''Sphaeroeca'', ''Stagondoeca'', ''Stelexomonas'', ''Stylochromonas''.
****[[Biology:Acanthoecida|Acanthoecida]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1997, emend. Nitsche et al. 2011}}
*****[[Biology:Acanthoecidae|Acanthoecidae]] {{au|Norris 1965, emend. sensu Nitsche et al. 2011}}. ''Acanthoeca'', ''Enibas'',<ref name="Enibas"/> ''Helgoeca'', ''Polyoeca'', ''Savillea''.
*****Stephanoecidae {{au|Leadbeater 2011}}. ''[[Biology:Acanthocorbis|Acanthocorbis]]'', ''Amoenoscopa'', ''Apheloecion'', ''Bicosta'', ''Calliacantha'', ''[[Biology:Calotheca|Calotheca]]'', ''Campanoeca'', ''Campyloacantha'', ''Conion'', ''Cosmoeca'', ''Crinolina'', ''Crucispina'', ''[[Biology:Diaphanoeca|Diaphanoeca]]'', ''Didymoeca'', ''Kakoeca'', ''Monocosta'', ''Nannoeca'', ''Parvicorbicula'', ''[[Biology:Platypleura|Platypleura]]'', ''Pleurasiga'', ''Polyfibula'', ''Saepicula'', ''Saroeca'', ''Spinoeca'', ''Spiraloecion'', ''Stephanacantha'', ''Stephanoeca'', ''Syndetophyllum''.
***'''Metazoa''' {{au|Haeckel 1874, emend. Adl et al. 2005}} [Animalia {{au|Linnaeus 1758}}; Eumetazoa {{au|Bütschli 1910}}]. Excluded from protists.

===[[Biology:Amoebozoa|Amoebozoa]] {{au|Lühe 1913, sensu Cavalier-Smith 1998}}===
{{cladogram|title=Phylogeny of Amoebozoa<ref name="Divosa"/>|{{clade|style=font-size:90%;|1={{clade|1=[[Biology:Tubulinea|Tubulinea]]|label2=Divosa|2={{clade|1=[[Biology:Discosea|Discosea]]|label2=[[Biology:Evosea|Evosea]]|2={{clade|1=Cutosea|label2=[[Biology:Conosa|Conosa]]|2={{clade|1=Variosea|2={{clade|1=Archamoebea|2=[[Biology:Eumycetozoa|Eumycetozoa]]}}}}}}}}}}}}|}}
''Incertae sedis'' Amoebozoa: ''Belonocystis'', ''Boveella'', ''Biomyxa'', ''Corallomyxa'', ''Gibbodiscus'', ''Hartmannia'', ''Malamoeba'', ''Malpighamoeba'', ''Microcorycia'', ''Microglomus'', ''Oscillosignum'', ''[[Biology:Parmulina|Parmulina]]'', ''Penardochlamys'', ''Pseudothecamoeba'', ''Rhabdamoeba'', ''Schoutedamoeba'', ''Stereomyxa'', ''Subulamoeba'', ''Thecochaos'', ''Triaenamoeba'', ''[[Biology:Unda (genus)|Unda]]'', ''Zonomyxa''.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>
====[[Biology:Tubulinea|Tubulinea]] {{au|Smirnov et al. 2005}}====
*Corycida {{small|Kang et al. 2017}}.<ref name="BetweenPod"/> ''Amphizonella'', ''Diplochlamys'', ''[[Biology:Trichosphaerium|Trichosphaerium]]'' (=''Atrichosa''), ?''Microcorycia'', ?''[[Biology:Parmulina|Parmulina]]'', ?''Penardochlamys'', ?''Zonomyxa''.{{efn|name=Incertae Corycidia|The position of the genera ''Microcorycia'', ''[[Biology:Parmulina|Parmulina]]'', ''Penardochlamys'' and ''Zonomyxa'', which were listed in 2002 under family Microcoryciidae, is not clear. They are placed here by morphological characters but this needs to be supported by molecular data.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>}}
*Echinamoebida {{small|Cavalier-Smith 2004}}.
**[[Biology:Echinamoebidae|Echinamoebidae]] {{small|Page 1975}}. ''Echinamoeba'', ''Micriamoeba''.
**Vermamoebidae {{small|Cavalier-Smith & Smirnov 2011}}. ''Vermamoeba''.
*Elardia {{au|Kang et al. 2017}}<ref name="BetweenPod"/>
**[[Biology:Leptomyxida|Leptomyxida]] {{small|Pussard & Pons 1976 sensu Page 1987}}
***Leptomyxidae {{small|Pussard & Pons 1976}}. ''[[Biology:Leptomyxa|Leptomyxa]]''.
***Rhizamoebidae {{small|Smirnov et al. 2016}}. ''[[Biology:Rhizamoeba|Rhizamoeba]]''.<ref name=Smirnov2017/>
***Flabellulidae {{small|Bovee 1970}}. ''[[Biology:Flabellula|Flabellula]]'' [incl. ''[[Biology:Paraflabellula|Paraflabellula]]''].
***Gephyramoebidae {{small|Pussard & Pons 1976}}. ''[[Biology:Gephyramoeba|Gephyramoeba]]''.<ref name=Smirnov2017/>
**[[Biology:Arcellinida|Arcellinida]] {{small|Kent 1880}}. ''Incertae sedis'' genera: ''Acipyxis'', ''Apolimia'', ''Argynnia'', ''Armipyxis'', ''Conicocassis'', ''Cornuapyxis'', ''Ellipsopyxella'', ''Ellipsopyxis'', ''[[Biology:Erugomicula|Erugomicula]]'', ''Frenopyxis'', ''Geamphorella'', ''Geoplagiopyxis'', ''Geopyxella'', ''Hoogenraadia'', ''[[Biology:Jungia|Jungia]]'', ''Lagenodifflugia'', ''Lamptopyxis'', ''Lamptoquadrula'', ''Leptochlamys'', ''Maghrebia'', ''[[Biology:Meisterfeldia|Meisterfeldia]]'', ''Microquadrula'', ''Nabranella'', ''Oopyxis'', ''Paracentropyxis'', ''Paraquadrula'', ''Pentagonia'', ''Physochila'', ''Planhoogenraadia'', ''Pomoriella'', ''Pontigulasia'', ''[[Biology:Prantlitina|Prantlitina]]'',<ref name="Namurian"/> ''Proplagiopyxis'', ''Protoplagiopyxis'', ''Protocucurbitella'', ''Pseudawerintzewia'', ''Pseudonebela'', ''Schoenbornia'', ''Sexangularia'', ''Suiadifflugia'', ''Trigonopyxis'', ''Wailesella''.<ref name="Arcellinida2022"/>
***Phryganellina {{small|Bovee 1985}}
****Phryganellidae {{small|Jung 1942}}. ''Phryganella''.
****[[Biology:Cryptodifflugiidae|Cryptodifflugiidae]] {{small|Jung 1942}}. ''[[Biology:Cryptodifflugia|Cryptodifflugia]]''.<ref name="ReviewCryptodifflugia"/>
***Organoconcha {{small|Lahr et al. 2019}}
****Microchlamyiidae {{small|Ogden 1985}}. ''Microchlamys'', ''Spumochlamys'', ''Pyxidicula''.
***Glutinoconcha {{small|Lahr et al. 2019}}
****Volnustoma {{small|Lahr et al. 2019}}
*****Heleoperidae {{small|Jung 1942}}. ''[[Biology:Heleopera|Heleopera]]''.
****[[Biology:Hyalospheniformes|Hyalospheniformes]] {{small|Lahr et al. 2019}}
*****[[Biology:Hyalospheniidae|Hyalospheniidae]] {{small|Schultze 1877 emend. Kosakyan et al. 2012}}. ''[[Biology:Alabasta|Alabasta]]'', ''Alocodera'', ''[[Biology:Apodera|Apodera]]'', ''[[Biology:Certesella|Certesella]]'', ''Cornutheca'', ''Gibbocarina'', ''Hyalosphenia'', ''Longinebela'', ''Mrabella'', ''[[Biology:Nebela|Nebela]]'', ''Padaungiella'', ''[[Biology:Planocarina|Planocarina]]'', ''[[Biology:Porosia|Porosia]]'', ''Quadrulella''.
****Excentrosoma {{small|Lahr et al. 2019}}
*****[[Biology:Centropyxidae|Centropyxidae]] {{small|Jung 1942}} [includes Plagiopyxidae]. ''Awerinzewia'', ''Bullinularia'', ''[[Biology:Centropyxis|Centropyxis]]'', ''Golemanskia'',<ref name="Arcellinida2022"/> ''Plagiopyxis''.
****Cylindrothecina {{small|González-Miguéns, Todorov, Blandenier, Porfirio-Sousa, Ribeiro, Ramos, Lahr & Lara 2022}}
*****Cylindrifflugiidae {{small|González-Miguéns, Todorov, Blandenier, Porfirio-Sousa, Ribeiro, Ramos, Lahr & Lara 2022}}.<ref name="Arcellinida2022"/> ''Cylindrifflugia''.
****Longithecina {{small|Lahr et al. 2019}}
*****Difflugiidae {{small|Wallich 1864}}. ''[[Biology:Difflugia|Difflugia]]'', ''Zivkovicia''.
*****Lesquereusiidae {{small|Jung 1942}}. ''Lesquereusia''.
****Sphaerothecina {{small|Kosakyan et al. 2016}}
*****Arcellidae {{small|Ehrenberg 1843}}. ''[[Biology:Arcella|Arcella]]'', ''Galeripora''.
*****Netzeliidae {{small|Kosakyan et al. 2016}}. ''Cucurbitella'', ''Cyclopyxis'', ''Netzelia''
**Euamoebida {{small|Lepşi 1960 sensu Smirnov et al. 2011}}<ref name="187Phylo"/>
***Amoebina {{small|Cavalier-Smith 2016}}
****[[Biology:Amoebidae|Amoebidae]] {{small|Ehrenberg 1838 Page 1987}}. ''[[Biology:Amoeba (genus)|Amoeba]]'', ''[[Biology:Chaos (genus)|Chaos]]'', ''[[Biology:Polychaos|Polychaos]]'', ''Parachaos'', ''[[Biology:Trichamoeba|Trichamoeba]]'', ''Deuteramoeba'', ''Hydramoeba''
****[[Biology:Hartmannellidae|Hartmannellidae]] {{small|Volkonsky 1931}}. ''Cashia'', ''[[Biology:Copromyxa|Copromyxa]]'', ''[[Biology:Copromyxella|Copromyxella]]'', ''[[Biology:Glaeseria|Glaeseria]]'', ''[[Biology:Hartmannella|Hartmannella]]'', ''Ptolemeba'', ''Saccamoeba''
***Nolandina {{small|Cavalier-Smith 2016}}<ref name="187Phylo"/>
****Nolandellidae {{small|Cavalier-Smith 2011, Lahr & Katz 2011}}. ''Nolandella''.

====[[Biology:Evosea|Evosea]] {{au|Kang et al. 2017}}====
*'''Variosea'''{{efn|name=Variosea|The latest revision by Adl et al. (2019) ignores the grouping of some variosean genera into higher rank clades that was made in older studies because of the weakly supported SSU phylogenetic analyses, except for Fractovitellida, which is fully supported by phylogenomic analyses from 2017.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>}} {{small|Cavalier-Smith 2004}}
**''Angulamoeba'' {{au|Berney, Bass & Geisen 2015}}
**''Arboramoeba'' {{au|Berney, Bass & Geisen 2015}}
**''Darbyshirella'' {{au|Berney, Bass & Geisen 2015}}
**''Dictyamoeba'' {{au|Berney, Bass & Geisen 2015}}
**''Ischnamoeba'' {{au|Berney, Bass & Geisen 2015}}
**''Heliamoeba'' {{au|Berney, Bass & Geisen 2015}}
**''Filamoeba'' {{au|Page 1967}}
**''[[Biology:Phalansterium|Phalansterium]]'' {{au|Cienkowski 1870}}.
**Flamellidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2016}}. ''Flamella'', ''Telaepolella''.
**Protosteliida {{au|Olive & Stoianovitch 1966, sensu Shadwick & Spiegel in Adl et al. 2012}}. ''[[Biology:Protostelium|Protostelium]]'' [incl. ''Planoprotostelium''].
**Fractovitellida {{au|Lahr et al. 2011, sensu Kang et al. 2017}}
***Acramoebidae {{au|Smirnov, Nassonova & Cavalier-Smith 2008}}. ''Acramoeba''.
***Schizoplasmodiidae {{au|Shadwick & Spiegel in Adl et al. 2012}}. ''Ceratiomyxella'', ''Nematostelium'', ''Schizoplasmodium''.
***Soliformoviidae {{au|Lahr & Katz 2011}}. ''Soliformovum'', ''Grellamoeba''
**Cavosteliida {{au|Shadwick & Spiegel in Adl et al. 2012}}. ''Cavostelium'', ''Schizoplasmodiopsis'', ''Tychosporium''.
**Holomastigida {{small|Lauterborn 1895}}. ''Artodiscus'', ''[[Biology:Multicilia|Multicilia]]''.
*'''[[Biology:Eumycetozoa|Eumycetozoa]]''' {{au|Zopf 1884 sensu Kang et al. 2017}} [Mycetozoa {{small|de Bary 1859 ex Rostafinski 1873}}; Macromycetozoa {{au|Fiore-Donno 2010}}]
**Dictyostelia {{small|Lister 1909 sensu Sheikh et al. 2018}} [Dictyosteliomycetes {{small|Doweld 2001}}]. ''[[Biology:Acytostelium|Acytostelium]]'', ''Cavenderia'', ''Coremiostelium'', ''[[Biology:Dictyostelium|Dictyostelium]]'', ''Heterostelium'', ''[[Biology:Polysphondylium|Polysphondylium]]'', ''Raperostelium'', ''Rostrostelium'', ''Speleostelium'', ''Tieghemostelium'', ''Synstelium'', ?''[[Biology:Coenonia|Coenonia]]''.
**Protosporangiida {{small|Shadwick & Spiegel in Adl et al. 2012}} [Ceratiomyxea {{small|Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}; Ceratiomyxomycetes {{small|D. Hawksw., B. Sutton & Ainsw. 2019}}]<ref name="Myxomycetes"/>
***''[[Biology:Ceratiomyxa|Ceratiomyxa]]'' {{au|Schroeter 1889}}
***Protosporangiidae {{au|Spiegel in Adl et al. 2012}}. ''Clastostelium'', ''Protosporangium''.
**[[Biology:Myxogastria|Myxogastria]] {{au|Macbride 1899}} [Myxogastrea {{small|Cavalier-Smith 1993}}; Myxomycetes {{small|Link 1833, sensu Haeckel 1866}}]
***Lucisporomycetidae [Lucisporinia {{small|Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}};<ref name="Myxomycetes"/> Lucisporidia {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}]. ''Incertae sedis'' genera: ''Arcyriatella'', ''Calonema'', ''Minakatella'', ''Trichioides''.
****Cribariidia {{small|Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}<ref name="Myxomycetes"/>
*****Cribariales {{small|T. Macbr. 1922}}
******Cribariaceae {{small|Corda 1838}}. ''Cribaria'', ''[[Biology:Lindbladia tubulina|Lindbladia]]'', ''Licaethalium''.
****Trichiidia {{small|Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}<ref name="Myxomycetes"/>
*****Reticulariales {{small|Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}<ref name="Myxomycetes"/>
******[[Biology:Reticulariaceae|Reticulariaceae]] {{small|Chevall. 1842}}. ''Alwisia'', ''[[Biology:Lycogala|Lycogala]]'', ''Reticularia'', ''[[Biology:Tubifera|Tubifera]]''.
*****[[Biology:Liceales|Liceales]] {{small|E. Jahn 1928}}
******Liceaceae {{small|Chevall. 1826}}. ''[[Biology:Licea|Licea]]'', ''Listerella''.
*****[[Biology:Trichiales|Trichiales]] {{small|T. Macbr. 1922}}
******[[Biology:Dianemataceae|Dianemataceae]] {{small|T. Macbr. 1922}}. ''[[Biology:Calomyxa|Calomyxa]]'', ''[[Biology:Dianema|Dianema]]'', ''[[Biology:Dictydiaethalium|Dictydiaethalium]]'', ''Prototrichia''.
******[[Biology:Trichiaceae|Trichiaceae]] {{small|Chevall. 1826 sensu Martin & Alexopoulos 1969}}. ''[[Biology:Hemitrichia|Hemitrichia]]'' [incl. ''[[Biology:Trichia decipiens|Trichia decipiens]]''], ''[[Biology:Arcyria|Arcyria]]'' [incl. ''Arcyodes''], ''Perichaena'', ''[[Biology:Trichia|Trichia]]'' [incl. ''Cornuvia'', ''Metatrichia'', ''Oligonema''].
***Columellomycetidae [Collumellinia {{small|Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}};<ref name="Myxomycetes"/> Columellidia {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2015}}]. ''Incertae sedis'' genera: ''[[Biology:Diachea|Diachea]]'', ''Echinosteliopsis'', ''[[Biology:Leptoderma|Leptoderma]]'', ''[[Biology:Paradiachea|Paradiachea]]'', ''Protophysarum'', ''[[Biology:Trabrooksia|Trabrooksia]]'', ''[[Biology:Willkommlangea|Willkommlangea]]''.
****Echinosteliidia {{small|Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}<ref name="Myxomycetes"/>
*****[[Biology:Echinosteliales|Echinosteliales]] {{small|G. W. Martin 1961}}
******Echinosteliaceae {{small|Rostaf. ex Cooke 1877}}. ''[[Biology:Barbeyella|Barbeyella]]'', ''[[Biology:Echinostelium|Echinostelium]]'' [incl. ''Semimorula''].
****Stemonitidia {{small|Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}<ref name="Myxomycetes"/>
*****Clastodermatales {{small|Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}<ref name="Myxomycetes"/>
******[[Biology:Clastodermataceae|Clastodermataceae]] {{small|Alexop. & T.E. Brooks 1971}}. ''Clastoderma''.
*****Meridermatales {{small|Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}<ref name="Myxomycetes"/>
******Meridermataceae {{small|Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Meriderma|Meriderma]]''.
*****[[Biology:Stemonitidales|Stemonitidales]] {{small|T. Macbr. 1922 em. Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}
******[[Biology:Stemonitidaceae|Stemonitidaceae]] {{small|Fr. 1829 em. Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Macbrideola|Macbrideola]]'', ''[[Biology:Stemonitis|Stemonitis]]'', ''[[Biology:Symphytocarpus|Symphytocarpus]]''.
******[[Biology:Amaurochaetaceae|Amaurochaetaceae]] {{small|Rostaf. ex Cooke 1877 em. Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Comatricha|Comatricha]]'', ''[[Biology:Stemonaria|Stemonaria]]'', ''[[Biology:Stemonitopsis|Stemonitopsis]]'', ''[[Biology:Amaurochaete|Amaurochaete]]'', ''[[Biology:Brefeldia|Brefeldia]]'', ''[[Biology:Enerthenema|Enerthenema]]'', ''[[Biology:Paradiacheopsis|Paradiacheopsis]]''.
*****[[Biology:Physarales|Physarales]] {{small|T. Macbr. 1922}}
****** ''Tasmaniomyxa umbilicata'' {{au|Lloyd et al. 2023}}<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Lloyd SJ, Leontyev DV, Moreno G, Villalba AL, Schnittler M|date=2023|title=''Tasmaniomyxa umbilicata'', a new genus and new species of myxomycete from Tasmania |journal=Mycologia|doi=10.1080/00275514.2023.2274252}}</ref>
******[[Biology:Lamprodermataceae|Lamprodermataceae]] {{small|T. Macbr. 1899 em. Leontyev, Stephenson, Novozhilov & Shchepin 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Lamproderma|Lamproderma]]'' [incl. ''Dichaeopsis'', ''[[Biology:Colloderma|Colloderma]]'', ''[[Biology:Elaeomyxa|Elaeomyxa]]''], ?''Collaria''.
******[[Biology:Didymiaceae|Didymiaceae]] {{small|Rostaf. ex Cooke 1877}} – ''[[Biology:Diderma|Diderma]]'', ''[[Chemistry:Didymium|Didymium]]'', ''Lepidoderma'', ''[[Biology:Mucilago|Mucilago]]''.
******[[Biology:Physaraceae|Physaraceae]] {{small|Chevall. 1826}}. ''[[Biology:Craterium|Craterium]]'', ''[[Biology:Leocarpus|Leocarpus]]'', ''[[Biology:Fuligo|Fuligo]]'', ''[[Biology:Physarum|Physarum]]'', ''Physarella'', ''[[Biology:Physarina|Physarina]]'', ''Kelleromyxa'', ''[[Biology:Badhamia|Badhamia]]''.
*'''Cutosea''' {{small|Cavalier-Smith 2016}} [Squamocutida {{small|Cavalier-Smith 2016}}]
**Squamamoebidae {{small|Cavalier-Smith 2016}}. ''Armaparvus'', ''Squamamoeba''.
**Sapocribridae {{small|Cavalier-Smith 2016}}. ''Sapocribrum''.
*'''Archamoebea''' {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1983, sensu Cavalier-Smith 2004}}
**Tricholimacidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2012}}. ''Tricholimax''.
**[[Biology:Entamoebidae|Entamoebidae]] {{au|Chatton 1925}}. ''[[Biology:Entamoeba|Entamoeba]]''.
**Rhizomastixidae {{au|Ptáčková et al. 2013}}. ''Rhizomastix''.
**Mastigamoebida {{au|Frenzel 1897, sensu Cavalier-Smith 2013}}.{{efn|name=nofam}} ''[[Biology:Endamoeba|Endamoeba]]'', ''Endolymax'', ''[[Biology:Iodamoeba|Iodamoeba]]'', ''[[Biology:Mastigamoeba|Mastigamoeba]]'', ''Mastigina''.
**Pelobiontida {{small|Page 1976, sensu Cavalier-Smith 2013}} [Pelomyxidae {{au|Schulze 1877}}]. ''[[Biology:Mastigella|Mastigella]]'', ''[[Biology:Pelomyxa|Pelomyxa]]''

====[[Biology:Discosea|Discosea]] {{small|Cavalier-Smith et al. 2004 sensu Smirnov et al. 2011}}====
*'''[[Biology:Flabellinia|Flabellinia]]''' {{small|Smirnov et al. 2005}}
**Dermamoebida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2004}}
***Dermamoebidae {{small|Cavalier-Smith & Smirnov 2011}}. ''[[Biology:Dermamoeba|Dermamoeba]]'', ''Paradermamoeba'', ?''Mycamoeba'',{{efn|name=Mycamoeba|This genus groups with Dermamoebidae in a phylogenetic anaysis that uses a limited number of taxa.<ref name="Mycamoeba" /> In the recent taxonomy it is listed as a separate clade until its position is better resolved.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>}} ''Coronamoeba''.<ref name="Coronamoeba villafranca"/>
***Mayorellidae {{small|Schaeffer 1926}}. ''[[Biology:Mayorella|Mayorella]]''.
**[[Biology:Thecamoebida|Thecamoebida]]{{efn|name=nofam}} {{au|Schaeffer 1926, sensu Smirnov & Cavalier-Smith 2011}}. ''[[Biology:Sappinia|Sappinia]]'', ''Stenamoeba'', ''Stratorugosa'',<ref name="Phylogenomics of Thecamoebida"/> ''[[Biology:Thecamoeba|Thecamoeba]]'', ''Thecochaos''.<ref name="Thecochaos is not a myth"/>
**[[Biology:Dactylopodida|Dactylopodida]]{{efn|name=nofam|This order was initially divided into families, but phylogenetic analyses haven't supported the [[Biology:Monophyly|monophyly]] of each family. For this reason, in recent classifications there is no family rank division within it.<ref name="BetweenPod"/><ref name="Adl 2019"/>}} {{au|Smirnov et al. 2005 sensu Kang et al. 2017}}. ''Cunea'', ?''Janickina'',* ''[[Biology:Korotnevella|Korotnevella]]'', ''[[Biology:Neoparamoeba|Neoparamoeba]]'', ''[[Biology:Paramoeba|Paramoeba]]'', ''Pseudoparamoeba'', ''[[Biology:Vexillifera|Vexillifera]]''.
**[[Biology:Vannellida|Vannellida]] {{au|Smirnov et al. 2005}} [Vannellidae {{au|Bovee 1979}}]. ''[[Biology:Clydonella|Clydonella]]'', ''[[Biology:Lingulamoeba|Lingulamoeba]]'', ''Paravannella'', ''[[Biology:Pessonella|Pessonella]]''*,{{efn|name=Pessonella|This genus could be a synonym of ''[[Biology:Vannella|Vannella]]''.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>}} ''Ripella'', ''[[Biology:Vannella|Vannella]]''.
*[[Biology:Stygamoebida|Stygamoebida]]{{efn|name=Stygamoebida|Both genera group together in some phylogenetic analyses, but usually appear separated. They are considered a potential branch of [[Biology:Discosea|Discosea]], unless proven otherwise in the future with better taxon sampling.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>}} {{small|Smirnov & Cavalier-Smith in Smirnov et al. 2011}} (P). ''Stygamoeba'', ''Vermistella''.
*'''[[Biology:Centramoebia|Centramoebia]]''' {{au|Cavalier-Smith et al. 2016}}<ref name="187Phylo"/>
**Acanthopodida{{efn|name=nofam}} {{au|Page 1976}} [Centramoebida {{au|Rogerson & Patterson 2002, sensu Tice et al. 2016}}<ref name="Tice2016"/>]. ''[[Biology:Acanthamoeba|Acanthamoeba]]'', ''Balamuthia'', ''[[Biology:Luapeleamoeba|Luapeleamoeba]]'', ''[[Biology:Protacanthamoeba|Protacanthamoeba]]'', ''[[Biology:Dracoamoeba|Dracoamoeba]]'', ''[[Biology:Vacuolamoeba|Vacuolamoeba]]''.
**[[Biology:Himatismenida|Himatismenida]]{{efn|name=nofam}} {{au|Page 1987}}. ''[[Biology:Cochliopodium|Cochliopodium]]'', ''Ovalopodium'', ''[[Biology:Parvamoeba|Parvamoeba]]''.
**[[Biology:Pellitida|Pellitida]]{{efn|name=nofam}} {{au|Smirnov & Cavalier-Smith 2011, sensu Kang et al. 2017}}. ''Endostelium'', ''Gocevia'', ''Paragocevia''*, ''Pellita''.

==[[Biology:Diaphoretickes|Diaphoretickes]] {{au|Adl et al. 2012}}==

*''[[Biology:Microheliella maris|Microheliella maris]]''{{efn|name=Microheliella|Latest analyses show that ''Microheliella'' is the sister group to Cryptista.<ref name="CAM clade">{{cite journal|first1=Yazaki|last1=Euki
|first2=Yabuki|last2=Akinori
|first3=Imaizumi|last3=Ayaka
|first4=Kume|last4=Keitaro
|first5=Hashimoto|last5=Tetsuo
|first6=Inagaki|last6=Yuji|date=2022|title=The closest lineage of Archaeplastida is revealed by phylogenomics analyses that include Microheliella maris|journal=Open Biol.|volume=12|issue=4
|page=210376|doi=10.1098/rsob.210376|pmid=35414259
|pmc=9006020
}}</ref>}} {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2012}}
*'''[[Biology:Telonemia|Telonemia]]'''{{efn|name=Telonemia|[[Biology:Telonemia|Telonemia]] is the sister group to the [[Biology:SAR supergroup|SAR]] clade.<ref name="OrphanProtistanLineages"/>}} {{au|Shalchian-Tabrizi 2006}} [Telonemidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993}}]. ''Arpakorses'',<ref name="Tikhonenkov 2022">{{cite journal|vauthors=Tikhonenkov DV, Jamy M, Borodina AS, Belyaev AO, Zagumyonnyi DG, Prokina KI, Mylnikov AP, Burki F, Karpov SA|title=On the origin of TSAR: morphology, diversity and phylogeny of Telonemia|journal=Open Biology|date=2022|volume=12|issue=3|pages=210325|doi=10.1098/rsob.210325|pmid=35291881|pmc=8924772}}</ref> ''Lateronema'', ''[[Biology:Telonema|Telonema]]''.
*'''[[Biology:Provora|Provora]]''' {{au|Tikhonenkov et al. 2022}}<ref name="Provora"/>
**Nibbleridia {{au|Tikhonenkov et al. 2022}}. ''Nibbleromonas'', ''Ubysseya''.
**Nebulidia {{au|Tikhonenkov et al. 2022}}. ''Nebulomonas'', ''[[Biology:Ancoracysta|Ancoracysta]]''.
===[[Biology:Archaeplastida|Archaeplastida]] {{au|Adl et al. 2005}}===

* '''Glaucophyta''' {{au|Skuja 1954}} [Glaucocystaceae {{au|West 1904}}; Glaucocystophyta {{au|Kies and Kremer 1986}}].<ref name="plastid genomes from glaucophyta"/> ''Incertae sedis'' Glaucophyta: ?''Archaeopsis'', ?''Chalarodora'', ?''Glaucocystopsis'', ?''Peliaina'', ?''Strobilomonas''.
**Cyanophorales {{au|Kies & Kremer 2006}}. ''[[Biology:Cyanophora|Cyanophora]]''.
**[[Biology:Glaucocystales|Glaucocystales]] {{au|Bessey 1907}}. ''Glaucocystis''.
**Gloeochaetales {{au|Bessey 1907}}. ''Cyanoptyche'', ''Gloeochaete''.
*'''[[Biology:Picozoa|Picozoa]]''' {{au|Seenivasan et al. 2013}} [Picobiliphytes {{au|Not et al. 2007}}]. ''Picomonas''.{{efn|name=Picozoa|The picobiliphytes are phylogenetically closer to Rhodophyta and ''[[Biology:Rhodelphis|Rhodelphis]]'' than to other groups, and are therefore considered part of [[Biology:Archaeplastida|Archaeplastida]].<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Schön ME, Zlatogursky VV, Singh RP, etal.|title=Single cell genomics reveals plastid-lacking Picozoa are close relatives of red algae|journal=Nat Commun|volume=12|page=6651|date=2021|issue=1 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-26918-0|pmid=34789758 |pmc=8599508 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.6651S }}</ref>}}
*'''Rhodelphidia''' {{au|Gawryluk et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Rhodelphis|Rhodelphis]]''.<ref name="Rhodelphis">{{Cite journal|last1=Gawryluk|first1=Ryan M. R.|last2=Tikhonenkov|first2=Denis V.|last3=Hehenberger|first3=Elisabeth|last4=Husnik|first4=Filip|last5=Mylnikov|first5=Alexander P.|last6=Keeling|first6=Patrick J.|date=August 2019|title=Non-photosynthetic predators are sister to red algae|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1398-6|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=572|issue=7768|pages=240–243|doi=10.1038/s41586-019-1398-6|pmid=31316212|s2cid=197542583|issn=1476-4687}}</ref>
*'''Rhodophyceae''' {{au|Thuret 1855, emend. Rabenhorst 1863}} [Rhodophyta {{au|Wettstein 1901}}; Rhodoplantae {{au|Saunders and Hommersand 2004 emend. Adl et al. 2005}}]
*'''Chloroplastida''' {{au|Adl et al. 2005}} [Viridiplantae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1981}}; Chlorobionta {{au|Jeffrey 1982, emend. Bremer 1985, emend. Lewis and McCourt 2004}}; Chlorobiota {{au|Kendrick and Crane 1997}}]

===[[Biology:SAR supergroup|SAR]] {{au|Burki et al. 2008, emend. Adl et al. 2012}}===
====Stramenopiles {{au|Patterson 1989, emend. Adl et al. 2005}}====
*? Environmental clades MAST-21, MAST-25 {{au|Massana et al. 2014}}
*? ''Platysulcus tardus'' {{au|Shiratori, Nakayama & Ishida 2015}}
*? ''Kaonashia insperata'' {{au|Weston, Eglit & Simpson 2023}}<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Weston EJ, Eglit Y, ((Simpson AGB))|date=2023|title=Kaonashia insperata gen. et sp. nov., a eukaryotrophic flagellate, represents a novel major lineage of heterotrophic stramenopiles|journal=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology|volume=00|pages=e13003|doi=10.1111/jeu.13003|doi-access=free}}</ref>
*'''[[Biology:Bigyra|Bigyra]]''' {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1998, emend. 2006}}
**[[Biology:Opalozoa|Opalozoa]] {{au|Cavalier Smith 1991, emend. 2006}}. ''Incertae sedis'': ''Cantina'', ''[[Biology:Rictus (bicosoecid)|Rictus]]'', environmental clades MAST-16, MAST-22 and MAST-24 {{au|Massana et al. 2014}}.
***[[Biology:Placidozoa|Placidozoa]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}
****Placididea {{au|Moriya, Nakayama & Inouye 2002}}. ''Allegra'', ''Haloplacidia'', ''Pendulomonas'', ''Placidia'', ''Placilonga'', ''Suigetsumonas'', ''Wobblia''.<ref name="Revision Placididea"/>
****[[Biology:Nanomonadea|Nanomonadea]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2012}} [clade MAST-3]. ''Incisomonas'', ''[[Biology:Solenicola|Solenicola]]''.
****[[Biology:Opalomonadea|Opalomonadea]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}} [clade MAST-12]. No described species.
****[[Biology:Opalinata|Opalinata]] {{au|Wenyon 1926, emend. Cavalier-Smith 1997}} [Slopalinida {{au|Patterson 1985}}]
*****Proteromonadea {{au|Grassé 1952}}. ''[[Biology:Karotomorpha|Karotomorpha]]'', ''[[Biology:Proteromonas|Proteromonas]]''.
*****[[Biology:Opalinea|Opalinea]] {{au|Wenyon 1926}}. ''[[Biology:Cepedea|Cepedea]]'', ''[[Biology:Opalina|Opalina]]'', ''[[Biology:Protoopalina|Protoopalina]]'', ''Protozelleriella'', ''Zelleriella''.
*****''[[Biology:Blastocystis|Blastocystis]]'' {{au|Alexeieff 1911}}
***Bicosoecida {{au|Grassé 1926, emend. Karpov 1998}}. ''Adriamonas'', ''Anoeca'', ''[[Biology:Bicosoeca|Bicosoeca]]'', ''Caecitellus'', ''[[Biology:Cafeteria (bicosoecid)|Cafeteria]]'', ''[[Biology:Cafileria|Cafileria]]'',<ref name="Cafileria"/> ''Cyathobodo'', ''Filos'', ''Halocafeteria'', ''[[Biology:Nanum (bicosoecid)|Nanum]]'', ''Paramonas'', ''Pseudobodo'', ''Pseudodendromonas'', ''Otto'', ''Regin''.<ref name="Otto Regis"/>
**[[Biology:Sagenista|Sagenista]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1995}}. ''Incertae sedis'': environmental clades MAST-4, MAST-7, MAST-8, MAST-9, MAST-10, MAST-11 and MAST-20 {{au|Massana et al. 2014}}.
***[[Biology:Labyrinthulomycetes|Labyrinthulomycetes]] {{au|Dick 2001}}
****Amphitremida {{au|Poche 1913, emend. Gomaa et al. 2003}}. ''[[Biology:Amphitrema|Amphitrema]]'', ''Archerella'', ''Diplophrys'', ''Paramphitrema''.
****Amphifilida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2012}}. ''Amphifila'', ''Fibrophrys'', ''Sorodiplophrys''.
****Oblongichytrida {{au|Bennett et al. 2017}}. ''Oblongichytrium''.
****[[Biology:Labyrinthulida|Labyrinthulida]] {{au|Doffein 1901}}. ''[[Biology:Aplanochytrium|Aplanochytrium]]'', ''[[Biology:Labyrinthula|Labyrinthula]]'', ''Stellarchytrium''.
****[[Biology:Thraustochytrida|Thraustochytrida]] {{au|Sparrow 1943}}. ''Althornia'', ''Aurantiochytrium'', ''Botryochytrium'', ''Japanochytrium'', ''Monorhizochytrium'', ''Parietichytrium'', ''[[Biology:Phycophthorum|Phycophthorum]]'',<ref>{{cite journal|first1=Brandon T.|last1=Hassett|title=A Widely Distributed Thraustochytrid Parasite of Diatoms Isolated from the Arctic Represents a gen. and sp. nov.|journal=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology|publisher=International Society of Protistologists|doi=10.1111/jeu.12796|date=2020|volume=67|pages=480–490 |doi-access=free|issue=4|pmid=32249965 |hdl=10037/19021|hdl-access=free}}</ref> ''[[Biology:Schizochytrium|Schizochytrium]]'', ''Sicyoidochytrium'', ''Thraustochytrium'', ''Ulkenia''.
***Pseudophyllomitidae {{au|Shiratori et al. 2016}} [clade MAST-6].<ref name="firstMAST6"/> ''Pseudophyllomitus''.
*'''[[Biology:Gyrista|Gyrista]]''' {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1998}}. ''Incertae sedis'': environmental clades MAST-1, MAST-2 and MAST-23 {{au|Massana et al. 2014}}.
**[[Biology:Bigyromonadea|Bigyromonadea]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1998}}
***Developea {{au|Karpov & Aleoshin 2016}}. ''Developayella'', ''Develorapax''.
***[[Biology:Pirsoniales|Pirsoniales]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1998, emend. 2006}}. ''[[Biology:Pirsonia|Pirsonia]]''.
**[[Biology:Pseudofungi|Pseudofungi]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1986}} [Heterokontimycotina {{au|M.W. Dick 1976}}].
***[[Biology:Hyphochytriales|Hyphochytriales]] {{au|Sparrow 1960}}. ''Anisolpidium'', ''Canteriomyces''.
****Anisolpidiaceae {{au|Karling 1943, emend. Dick 2001}}
****Hyphochytridiomycetaceae {{au|Fischer 1892, emend. Karling 1939}}. ''[[Biology:Hyphochytrium|Hyphochytrium]]''.
****Rhizidiomycetaceae {{au|Karling 1943}}. ''Latrostium'', ''Rhizidiomyces'', ''Rhizidiomycopsis''.
***Oomycetes {{au|Winter 1897, emend. Dick 1976}} [Peronosporomycetes {{au|Dick 2001}}]. ''Incertae sedis'' genera: ''Atkinsiella'', ''Ciliomyces'', ''Crypticola'', ''Ectrogella'', ''Eurychasma'', ''Halodaphnea'', ''Haliphthoros'', ''Haptoglossa'', ''Lagena'', ''Lagenisma'', ''Olpidiopsis'', ''Pontisma'', ''Pythiella'', ''Rozellopsis'', ''Sirolpidium''.
****[[Biology:Saprolegniales|Saprolegnialean lineage]] {{au|Lara in Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Achlya|Achlya]]'', ''[[Biology:Aphanomyces|Aphanomyces]]'', ''Aplanopsis'', ''[[Biology:Apodachlya|Apodachlya]]'', ''Aquastella'', ''Geolegnia'', ''[[Biology:Leptomitus|Leptomitus]]'', ''Newbya'', ''Pythiopsis'', ''Protoachlya'', ''Salisapilia'', ''[[Biology:Saprolegnia|Saprolegnia]]'', ''Thraustotheca''.
****[[Biology:Peronosporales|Peronosporalean lineage]] {{au|Lara in Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Albugo|Albugo]]'', ''[[Biology:Bremia (protist)|Bremia]]'', ''Chlamydomyzium'', ''Halophytopthora'', ''[[Biology:Hyaloperonospora|Hyaloperonospora]]'', ''[[Biology:Lagenidium|Lagenidium]]'', ''Myzocytiopsis'', ''[[Biology:Peronospora|Peronospora]]'', ''[[Biology:Plasmopara|Plasmopara]]'', ''[[Biology:Pythium|Pythium]]'', ''[[Biology:Pseudoperonospora|Pseudoperonospora]]'', ''[[Biology:Phytophthora|Phytophthora]]'', ''Phytopythium'', ''[[Biology:Pustula (protist)|Pustula]]''.
**[[Biology:Ochrophyta|Ochrophyta]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1986, emend. Cavalier-Smith & Chao 1996}}
***Chrysista {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1986}}. ''Incertae sedis'': environmental lineages MOCH-3 and MOCH-5 {{au|Massana et al. 2014}}, ''Chrysowaernella'', ''Aurearena''.
****SII clade
*****Olisthodiscophyceae {{au|Barcytė, Eikrem & M. Eliáš 2021}}.<ref name="Olisthodiscophyceae"/> ''Olisthodiscus''.
*****[[Biology:Pinguiophyceae|Pinguiophyceae]] {{au|Kawachi et al. 2003}}. ''[[Biology:Glossomastix|Glossomastix]]'', ''Phaeomonas'', ''Pinguiochrysis'', ''[[Biology:Pinguiococcus|Pinguiococcus]]'', ''Polypodochrysis''.
*****Limnistia {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1996 emend. 2006}}
******[[Biology:Chrysophyceae|Chrysophyceae]] {{au|Pascher 1914}}. ''Incertae sedis'': ''Chryososaccus'', ''Chrysosphera'', ''Cyclonexis'', ''Lygynion'', ''Phaeoplaca''.
*******[[Biology:Chromulinales|Chromulinales]] {{au|Pascher 1910}}. ''[[Biology:Chromulina|Chromulina]]'', ''Chrysomonas''.
*******[[Biology:Hibberdiales|Hibberdiales]] {{au|Andersen 1989}}. ''Hibberdia''.
*******Ochromonadales {{au|Pascher 1910}}. ''Spumella'', ''Pedospumella'', ''[[Biology:Ochromonas|Ochromonas]]''.
*******Paraphysomonadida {{au|Scoble & Cavalier-Smith 2014}}. ''Paraphysomonas''.
*******[[Biology:Synurales|Synurales]] {{au|Andersen 1987}}. ''Chrysodidymus'', ''[[Biology:Mallomonas|Mallomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Synura|Synura]]'', ''Tesselaria''.
******[[Biology:Eustigmatophyceae|Eustigmatophyceae]] {{au|Hibberd & Leedale 1971}}<ref name="Toward modern Eustigmatophytes"/>
*******[[Biology:Eustigmatales|Eustigmatales]] {{au|Hibberd 1981}}
********''Paraeustigmatos'' {{au|Fawley, Nemcová, & Fawley 2019}}
********Eustigmataceae {{au|Hibberd 1981}}. ?''Ellipsoidion'', ''[[Biology:Chlorobotrys|Chlorobotrys]]'', ''Eustigmatos'', ''Pseudocharaciopsis'', ''Vischeria''.
********Monodopsidaceae {{au|Hibberd 1981}}. ''Microchloropsis'', ''Monodopsis'', ''[[Biology:Nannochloropsis|Nannochloropsis]]'', ''Pseudotetraedriella''.
********Neomonodaceae {{au|Amaral et al. 2020}}. ?''Botryochloropsis'', ''Characiopsella'', ''Munda'', ''Neomonodus'', ''Pseudellipsoidion''.
*******Goniochloridales {{au|Fawley, Elias & Fawley 2013}}. ''[[Biology:Goniochloris|Goniochloris]]'', ''Pseudostaurastrum'', ''Tetraedriella'', ''Trachydiscus'', ''Vacuoliviride''.
******[[Biology:Picophagea|Picophagea]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2006 emend. 2017}}<ref name="8phyla"/> [Synchromophyceae {{au|S.Horn & C.Wilhelm 2007}}]. ''Chlamydomyxa'', ''Chrysopodocystis'', ''Guanochroma'', ''Leukarachnion'', ''Picophagus'', ''[[Biology:Synchroma|Synchroma]]''.
****SI clade
*****Raphidomonadea {{au|Chadefaud 1950 ex Silva 1980}}
******Raphidophycidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}} [Chattonellales {{au|Throndsen in Tomas 1993 emend. Yamaguchi, Nakayama, Murakami & Inouye 2010}}; Vacuolariales {{au|Shameel, 2001}}]. ''[[Biology:Chattonella|Chattonella]]'', ''[[Biology:Fibrocapsa|Fibrocapsa]]'', ''Goniostomum'', ''Haramonas'', ''[[Biology:Heterosigma|Heterosigma]]'', ''Merotricha'', ''Vacuolaria''.
******[[Biology:Raphopoda|Raphopoda]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}
*******Commatiida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1997}} [Commatiidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}]. ''[[Biology:Commation|Commation]]''.
*******[[Biology:Actinophryida|Actinophryida]]{{efn|name=Actinophryida|Cavalier-Smith and Scoble (2013) show a sister relationship between [[Biology:Raphidophyceae|raphidophytes]] and [[Biology:Actinophryida|Actinophryida]].<ref name="Incisomonas"/>}} {{au|Claus 1874, emend. Hartmann 1926}}
********[[Biology:Actinosphaerina|Actinosphaerina]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}} [Actinosphaeriidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}]. ''[[Biology:Actinosphaerium|Actinosphaerium]]''.
********Actinophryina {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}
*********[[Biology:Actinophryidae|Actinophryidae]] {{au|Dujardin 1841}}. ''[[Biology:Actinophrys|Actinophrys]]''.
*********[[Biology:Helioraphidae|Helioraphidae]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}. ''Heliorapha''.
*****PX clade
******[[Biology:Chrysomerophyceae|Chrysomerophyceae]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1995}}. ''Antarctosaccion'', ''Chrysomeris'', ''Chrysowaernella'', ''Giraudyopsis'', ''Rhamnochrysis'', ''Tetrasporopsis''.
******Chrysoparadoxophyceae {{au|Wetherbee et al. 2019}}.<ref name="Chrysoparadoxophyceae"/> ''Chrysoparadoxa''.
******[[Biology:Phaeophyceae|Phaeophyceae]] {{au|Hansgirg 1886 [Kjellman 1891; Pfitzer 1894]}}
*******[[Biology:Ascoseirales|Ascoseirales]] {{au|Petrov 1964}}. ''[[Biology:Ascoseira|Ascoseira]]''.
*******[[Biology:Desmarestiales|Desmarestiales]] {{au|Setchell & Gardner 1925}}. ''Arthrocladia'', ''[[Biology:Desmarestia|Desmarestia]]'' (P), ''Himantothallus'', ''Phaeurus''.
*******[[Biology:Dictyotales|Dictyotales]] {{au|Bory de Saint-Vincent 1828}}. ''[[Biology:Dictyota|Dictyota]]'', ''[[Biology:Dilophus|Dilophus]]'', ''[[Biology:Lobophora (alga)|Lobophora]]'', ''[[Biology:Padina (alga)|Padina]]'', ''[[Biology:Stypopodium|Stypopodium]]'', ''Taonia'', ''Zonaria''.
*******[[Biology:Discosporangiales|Discosporangiales]] {{au|Kawai et al. 2007}}. ''Choristocarpus'', ''Discosporangium''.
*******[[Biology:Ectocarpales|Ectocarpales]] {{au|Bessey 1907, emend. Silva & Reviers 2000}}. ''Adenocystis'', ''[[Biology:Acinetospora|Acinetospora]]'', ''Asterocladon'', ''Asteronema'', ''Chordaria'', ''[[Biology:Ectocarpus|Ectocarpus]]'', ''Scytosiphon''.
*******[[Biology:Fucales|Fucales]] {{au|Bory de Saint-Vincent 1927}}. ''[[Biology:Ascophyllum|Ascophyllum]]'', ''[[Biology:Bifurcaria|Bifurcaria]]'', ''[[Biology:Cystoseira|Cystoseira]]'', ''Druvillaea'', ''[[Biology:Fucus|Fucus]]'', ''[[Biology:Hormosira|Hormosira]]'', ''[[Biology:Sargassum|Sargassum]]'', ''[[Biology:Turbinaria (alga)|Turbinaria]]''.
*******[[Biology:Ishigeales|Ishigeales]] {{au|Cho et al. 2004}} [Ishigeacea {{au|Okamura 1935}}]. ''[[Biology:Ishige (alga)|Ishige]]''.
*******[[Biology:Laminariales|Laminariales]] {{au|Migula 1908}}. ''Akkesiophycus'', ''[[Biology:Alaria (alga)|Alaria]]'', ''[[Biology:Chorda|Chorda]]'', ''Costaria'', ''[[Biology:Laminaria|Laminaria]]'', ''[[Biology:Lessonia (alga)|Lessonia]]'', ''Pseudochoda''.
*******[[Biology:Nemodermatales|Nemodermatales]] {{au|Parente et al. 2008}}. ''[[Biology:Nemoderma|Nemoderma]]''.
*******[[Biology:Onslowiales|Onslowiales]] {{au|Draisma & Prud'homme van Reine 2008}}. ''Onslowia''.
*******[[Biology:Ralfsiales|Ralfsiales]] {{au|Nakamura ex Lim & Kawai 2007}}. ''Lithoderma'', ''Neoralfsia'', ''Pseudolithoderma'', ''Ralfsia''.
*******[[Biology:Scytothamnales|Scytothamnales]] {{au|Peters & Clayton 1998}}. ''[[Biology:Scytothamnus|Scytothamnus]]'', ''Splachnidium'', ''Stereocladon''.
*******[[Biology:Sphacelariales|Sphacelariales]] {{au|Migula 1908}}. ''Chaetopteris'', ''Halopteris'', ''Stypocaulon'', ''[[Biology:Sphacelaria|Sphacelaria]]'', ''Verosphacella''.
*******[[Biology:Sporochnales|Sporochnales]] {{au|Sauvageau 1926}}. ''Bellotia'', ''Carpomitra'', ''Nereia'', ''Sporochonus'', ''Tomaculopsis''.
*******[[Biology:Syringodermatales|Syringodermatales]] {{au|Henry 1984}}. ''[[Biology:Syringoderma|Syringoderma]]''.
*******[[Biology:Tilopteridales|Tilopteridales]] {{au|Bessey 1907}}. ''[[Biology:Cutleria (alga)|Cutleria]]'', ''Halosiphon'', ''Haplospora'', ''Phaeosiphoniella'', ''Phyllaria'', ''Tilopteris''.
******Phaeosacciophyceae {{au|R.A.Andersen, L.Graf & H.S.Yoon 2020}}<ref name="Phaeosacciophyceae"/>
*******[[Biology:Phaeosaccionaceae|Phaeosaccionaceae]] {{au|J. Feldmann 1949}}. ''[[Biology:Phaeosaccion|Phaeosaccion]]''.
*******Tetrasporopsidaceae {{au|R.A.Andersen, L.Graf & H.S.Yoon 2020}}. ''Tetrasporopsis'', ''Psammochrysis'', ''Chrysomeris''.
******Phaeothamiophyceae {{au|Andersen & Bailey in Bailey et al. 1998}}
*******[[Biology:Phaeothamniales|Phaeothamniales]] {{au|Bourrelly 1954, emend. Andersen & Bailey in Bailey et al. 1998}}. ''Phaeothamnion''.
*******Pleurochloridales {{au|Ettl 1956}}. ''Pleurochloridella''.
******Schizocladiophyceae {{au|Henry, Okuda & Kawai 2003}}. ''Schizocladia''.
******[[Biology:Xanthophyceae|Xanthophyceae]] {{au|Allorge 1930, emend. Fritsch 1935}} [Heterokontae {{au|Luther 1899}}; Heteromonadea {{au|Leedale 1983;}} Xanthophyta {{au|Hibberd 1990}}]
*******Tribonematales {{au|Pascher 1939}}. ''[[Biology:Botrydium|Botrydium]]'', ''Bumilleriopsis'', ''[[Biology:Characiopsis|Characiopsis]]'', ''Chloromeson'', ''[[Biology:Heterococcus|Heterococcus]]'', ''Monadus'', ''Ophiocytium'', ''Sphaerosorus'', ''[[Biology:Tribonema|Tribonema]]'', ''Xanthonema''.
*******Vaucheriales {{au|Bohlin 1901}}. ''[[Biology:Vaucheria|Vaucheria]]''.
***Diatomista {{au|Derelle et al. 2016, emend. Cavalier-Smith 2017}} [SIII clade]. ''Incertae sedis'': environmental clades MOCH-1, MOCH-2 and MOCH-4 {{au|Massana et al. 2014}}.
****[[Biology:Bolidophyceae|Bolidophyceae]] {{au|Guillou et al. 1999}} [Parmales {{au|Booth & Marchant 1987}}]. ''Bolidomonas'', ''[[Biology:Triparma|Triparma]]'', ''[[Biology:Tetraparma|Tetraparma]]'', ''Pentalamina''.
****Diatomeae {{au|Dumortier 1821}} [Bacillariophyta {{au|Haeckel 1878}}]
*****Leptocylindrophytina {{au|D.G. Mann, in Adl et al. 2019}}
******Leptocylindrophyceae {{au|D.G. Mann, in Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Leptocylindrus|Leptocylindrus]]'', ''Tenuicylindrus''.
******Corethrophyceae {{au|D.G. Mann, in Adl et al. 2019}}. ''Corethron''.
*****Ellerbeckiophytina {{au|D.G. Mann, in Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Ellerbeckia|Ellerbeckia]]''.
*****Probosciophytina {{au|D.G. Mann, in Adl et al. 2019}}. ''Proboscia''.
*****Melosirophytina {{au|D.G. Mann, in Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Aulacoseira|Aulacoseira]]'', ''[[Biology:Melosira|Melosira]]'', ''[[Biology:Hyalodiscus|Hyalodiscus]]'', ''Stephanopyxis'', ''Paralia'', ''Endictya''.
*****Coscinodiscophytina {{au|Medlin & Kaczmarska 2004, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Actinoptychus|Actinoptychus]]'', ''[[Biology:Coscinodiscus|Coscinodiscus]]'', ''[[Biology:Actinocyclus|Actinocyclus]]'', ''Asteromphalus'', ''Aulacodiscus'', ''Stellarima''.
*****Rhizosoleniophytina {{au|D.G. Mann, in Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Guinardia|Guinardia]]'', ''Rhizosolenia'', ''Pseudosolenia''.
*****Arachnoidiscophytina {{au|D.G. Mann, in Adl et al. 2019}}. ''Arachnoidiscus''.
*****Bacillariophytina {{au|Medlin & Kaczmarska 2004, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}
******Mediophyceae {{au|Jouse & Proshkina-Lavrenko in Medlin & Kaczmarska 2004}}
*******[[Biology:Chaetocerotophycidae|Chaetocerotophycidae]] {{au|Round & R.M. Crawford in Round et al. 1990, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Chaetoceros|Chaetoceros]]'', ''[[Biology:Bacteriastrum|Bacteriastrum]]'', ''[[Biology:Dactyliosolen|Dactyliosolen]]'', ''[[Biology:Cerataulina|Cerataulina]]'', ''Hemiaulus'', ''[[Biology:Eucampia|Eucampia]]'', ''Acanthoceras'', ''Urosolenia'', ''[[Biology:Terpsinoë|Terpsinoë]]'', ''[[Biology:Hydrosera|Hydrosera]]''.
*******Lithodesmiophycidae {{au|Round & R.M. Crawford in Round et al. 1990, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Lithodesmium|Lithodesmium]]'', ''Lithodesmioides'', ''Helicotheca'', ''Bellerochea'', ''[[Biology:Ditylum|Ditylum]]''.
*******Thalassiosirophycidae {{au|Round & R.M. Crawford in Round et al. 1990}}. ''[[Biology:Thalassiosira|Thalassiosira]]'', ''Lindavia'', ''[[Biology:Cyclotella|Cyclotella]]'', ''Stephanodiscus'', ''[[Biology:Cyclostephanos|Cyclostephanos]]'', ''Discostella'', ''Bacteriosira'', ''[[Biology:Skeletonema|Skeletonema]]'', ''[[Biology:Detonula|Detonula]]''.
*******[[Biology:Cymatosirophycidae|Cymatosirophycidae]] {{au|Round & R.M. Crawford in Round et al. 1990}}. ''[[Biology:Cymatosira|Cymatosira]]'', ''Minutocellus'', ''[[Biology:Papiliocellulus|Papiliocellulus]]'', ''Leyanella'', ''Extubocellulus'', ''Plagiogrammopsis'', ''Campylosira'', ''Brockmanniella'', ''Pierrecomperia''.
*******Odontellophycidae {{au|D. G. Mann, in Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Odontella|Odontella]]'', ''Triceratium'', ''Cerataulus'', ''Pleurosira'', ''Pseudauliscus'', ''Amphitetras'', ''Trieres'', ''Mastodiscus''.
*******Chrysanthemodiscophycidae {{au|D.G. Mann, in Adl et al. 2019}}. ''Chrysanthemodiscus'', ''Biddulphiopsis'', ''Trigonium'', ''Isthmia'', ''Lampriscus'', ''Stictocyclus'', ''Ardissonea'', ''[[Biology:Climacosphenia|Climacosphenia]]'', ''Toxarium''.
******Biddulphiophyceae {{au|D. G. Mann, in Adl et al. 2019}}
*******[[Biology:Biddulphiophycidae|Biddulphiophycidae]] {{au|Round and R.M. Crawford in Round et al. 1990, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}. ''Biddulphia''.
*******''[[Biology:Attheya|Attheya]]'' {{au|T. West 1860}}
******[[Biology:Bacillariophyceae|Bacillariophyceae]] {{au|Haeckel 1878, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}
*******Striatellaceae {{au|Kützing 1844}}. ''Striatella'', ''Pseudostriatella''.
*******Urneidophycidae {{au|Medlin 2016}}. (P?) ''[[Biology:Plagiogramma|Plagiogramma]]'', ''Dimeregramma'', ''Rhaphoneis'', ''Delphineis'', ''Psammoneis'', ''Bleakeleya'', ''[[Biology:Asterionellopsis|Asterionellopsis]]''.
*******Fragilariophycidae {{au|Round in Round, Crawford & Mann 1990, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Fragilaria|Fragilaria]]'', ''Synedra'', ''[[Biology:Tabellaria|Tabellaria]]'', ''[[Biology:Asterionella|Asterionella]]'', ''[[Biology:Diatoma|Diatoma]]'', ''Tabularia'', ''Cyclophora'', ''Astrosyne'', ''Licmophora'', ''Rhabdonema'', ''[[Biology:Grammatophora (alga)|Grammatophora]]'', ''Staurosira'', ''[[Biology:Thalassionema|Thalassionema]]''.
*******Bacillariophycidae {{au|D.G. Mann in Round, Crawford & Mann 1990, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Eunotia|Eunotia]]'', ''[[Biology:Achnanthes|Achnanthes]]'', ''[[Biology:Bacillaria|Bacillaria]]'', ''[[Biology:Nitzschia|Nitzschia]]'', ''Pseudonitzschia'', ''Cylindrotheca'', ''[[Biology:Navicula|Navicula]]'', ''Seminavis'', ''Haslea'', ''[[Biology:Stauroneis|Stauroneis]]'', ''Pleurosigma'', ''[[Biology:Gyrosigma|Gyrosigma]]'', ''[[Biology:Achnanthidium|Achnanthidium]]'', ''[[Biology:Cocconeis|Cocconeis]]'', ''[[Biology:Frustulia|Frustulia]]'', ''[[Biology:Diploneis|Diploneis]]'', ''Sellaphora'', ''[[Biology:Pinnularia|Pinnularia]]'', ''[[Biology:Gomphonema|Gomphonema]]'', ''[[Biology:Cymbella|Cymbella]]'', ''[[Biology:Didymosphenia|Didymosphenia]]'', ''Phaeodactylum'', ''[[Social:Amphora|Amphora]]'', ''Entomoneis'', ''[[Biology:Epithemia|Epithemia]]'', ''[[Biology:Surirella|Surirella]]'', etc.
****[[Biology:Dictyochophyceae|Dictyochophyceae]] {{au|Silva 1980}} [Silicoflagellata {{au|Lemmermann, 1901}}]
*****[[Biology:Dictyochales|Dictyochales]] {{au|Haeckel 1894}} [Dictyochida {{au|Borgert, 1891}}; Dictyochaceae {{au|Lemmermann, 1901}}]. ''[[Biology:Dictyocha|Dictyocha]]''.
*****[[Biology:Florenciellales|Florenciellales]] {{au|Eikrem, Edvardsen & Throndsen 2007}}.<ref name="Florenciellales"/> ''[[Biology:Florenciella (alga)|Florenciella]]'', ''Verrucophora''.
*****[[Biology:Pedinellales|Pedinellales]] {{au|Zimmermann et al. 1984}} [Ciliophryida {{au|Febre-Chevalier, 1985}}; Actinomonadaceae {{au|Kent, 1880}}]. ''Actinomonas'', ''[[Biology:Apedinella|Apedinella]]'', ''Ciliophrys'', ''[[Biology:Mesopedinella|Mesopedinella]]'', ''Palatinella'', ''[[Biology:Pedinella|Pedinella]]'', ''[[Biology:Pseudopedinella|Pseudopedinella]]'', ''Pteridomonas''.
*****[[Biology:Rhizochromulinales|Rhizochromulinales]] {{au|O'Kelly & Wujek 1994}} [Rhizochromulinaceae {{au|O'Kelly & Wujek, 1994}}]. ''[[Biology:Rhizochromulina|Rhizochromulina]]''.
****[[Biology:Pelagophyceae|Pelagophyceae]] {{au|Andersen & Saunders 1993}}
*****Pelagomonadales {{au|Andersen & Saunders 1993}}. ''[[Biology:Aureococcus|Aureococcus]]'', ''Pelagococcus'', ''[[Biology:Pelagomonas|Pelagomonas]]''.
*****Sarcinochrysidales {{au|Gayral & Billard 1977}}
******Sarcinochrysidaceae {{au|Gayral & Billard 1977}}. ''Ankylochrisis'', ''Arachnochrysis'', ''Aureoscheda'', ''[[Biology:Aureoumbra|Aureoumbra]]'', ''Nematochrysopsis'', ''Pelagospilus'', ''Pulvinaria'', ''Sarcinochrysis'', ''Sargassococcus''.
******Chrysocystaceae {{au|M.Melkonian, H.S.Yoon & R.A.Andersen 2018}}.<ref name="Chrysocystaceae"/> ''Chrysocystis'', ''Chrysoreinhardia'', ''Sungminbooa''.

====Alveolata {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1991}}====
*'''Colpodellida''' {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993, emend. Adl et al. 2005, 2019}}
**Vitrellaceae {{au|Oborník & Lukeš 2012}}. ''Vitrella''.
**Colpodellaceae {{au|Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Colpodella|Colpodella]]'', ''Chilovora'', ''[[Biology:Voromonas|Voromonas]]''.
**Chromeraceae {{au|Oborník & Lukeš 2012}}. ''Chromera''.
**Alphamonaceae {{au|Adl et al. 2019}}. ''Alphamonas''.
*'''[[Biology:Perkinsidae|Perkinsidae]]''' {{au|Levine 1978, emend. Adl et al. 2005}} [Perkinsozoa {{au|Moestrup & Rehnstam-Holm 1999}}; Perkinsozoa {{au|Norén & Moestrup 1999}}]. ''Dinovorax'', ''[[Biology:Parvilucifera|Parvilucifera]]'', ''[[Biology:Perkinsus|Perkinsus]]'', ?''Phagodinium'', ''[[Biology:Rastrimonas|Rastrimonas]]'', ''Snorkelia''
*'''Colponemida''' {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993 emend. Adl et al. 2019}} (P)
**Colponemidia {{au|Tikhonenkov et al. 2014}}. ''[[Biology:Colponema|Colponema]]''.
**Acavomonidia {{au|Tikhonenkov et al. 2014}}. ''Acavomonas''.
** ''Neocolponema'' {{au|Gigeroff et al. 2023}}<ref name="Gigeroff 2023"/>
** ''Loeffela'' {{au|Gigeroff et al. 2023}}<ref name="Gigeroff 2023">{{cite journal|vauthors=Gigeroff AS, Eglit Y, ((Simpson AGB))|title=Characterisation and cultivation of new lineages of colponemids, a critical assemblage for inferring alveolate evolution|date=2023|journal=Protist|volume=174|pages=125949|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2023.125949}}</ref>
**''Palustrimonas'' {{au|Patterson & Simpson 1996}}
*'''Dinoflagellata''' {{au|Bütschli 1885, emend. Fensome et al. 1993, emend. Adl et al. 2005}}. ''Incertae sedis'' genera: free-living (''Adenoides'', ''[[Biology:Akashiwo|Akashiwo]]'', ''Amphidiniella'', ''Ankistrodinium'', ''Apicoporus'', ''Archaeosphaerodiniopsis'', ''Bispinodinium'', ''Bysmatrum'', ''Cabra'', ''Cladopyxis'', ''Crypthecodinium'', ''Cucumeridinium'', ''Dactylodinium'', ''[[Biology:Dicroerisma|Dicroerisma]]'', ''Gloeodinium'', ''Grammatodinium'', ''Gynogonadinium'', ''Gyrodiniellum'', ''Halostylodinium'', ''Heterodinium'', ''Moestrupia'', ''Paragymnodinium'', ''Phytodinium'', ''Plagiodinium'', ''Planodinium'', ''Pileidinium'', ''Pseudadenoides'', ''Pseudothecadinium'', ''Pyramidodinium'', ''Rhinodinium'', ''Roscoffia'', ''Sabulodinium'', ''Sphaerodinium'', ''Spiniferodinium'', ''Testudodinium'', ''Thecadinium'', ''Thecadiniopsis'', ''Togula'') and parasitic [[Biology:Blastodiniales|Blastodiniales]] {{au|Chatton 1906}} [no longer valid] (''Amyloodinium'', ''[[Biology:Apodinium|Apodinium]]'', ''Cachonella'', ''Caryotoma'', ''Crepidoodinium'', ''[[Biology:Haplozoon|Haplozoon]]'', ''[[Biology:Oodinium|Oodinium]]'', ''Myxodinium'', ''Piscinoodinium'', ''Protoodinium'', ''Rhinodinium'', ''Schyzochitriodinium'', ''Stylodinium'').
**''Psammosa'' {{au|Okamoto, A. Horák & Keeling 2012}}<ref name="Psammosa">{{cite journal|title=Description of Two Species of Early Branching Dinoflagellates, ''Psammosa pacifica'' n. g., n. sp. and ''P. atlantica'' n. sp
|vauthors=Okamoto N, Horák A, Keeling PJ
|date=2012
|journal=PLOS ONE
|volume=7
|issue=6
|pages=e34900
|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0034900
|doi-access=free
}}</ref><ref name="Holt 2023"/>
**''[[Biology:Oxyrrhis|Oxyrrhis]]'' {{au|Dujardin 1841}} [Oxyrrhinaceae {{au|Sournia 1984}}]<ref name="Holt 2023"/>
**''Eleftheros'' {{au|Tikhonenkov, Hehenberger & Keeling 2023}}<ref name="Holt 2023"/>
**Ichthyodinida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2018}} [environmental Marine Alveolate Group I]<ref name="Holt 2023">{{cite journal|vauthors=Holt CC, Hehenberger E, Tikhonenkov DV, ((Jacko-Reynolds VKL)), Okamoto N, Cooney EC, ((Irwin NAT)), Keeling PJ|title=Multiple parallel origins of parasitic Marine Alveolates|journal=Nature|date=2023|volume=14|pages=7049
|doi=10.1038/s41467-023-42807-0|doi-access=free|pmc=10624901}}</ref>
***Hobagellidae {{au|Yoo, Kim & Wayne Coats 2024}}. ''Hobagella''.<ref name="Hobagella">{{cite journal|vauthors=Yoo J, Kim S, Wayne Coats D|title=Morphology of ''Hobagella saltata'' n. gen. and n. sp. (Syndiniophyceae, Miozoa) infecting the marine dinoflagellate ''Cucumeridinium coeruleum'' (Dinophyceae, Miozoa) and its potential onshore advection|journal=Frontiers in Marine Science|volume=10|pages=1296836
|doi=10.3389/fmars.2023.1296836|doi-access=free|date=2024}}</ref>
***Euduboscquellidae {{au|Coats & Bachvaroff 2012}}. ''[[Biology:Euduboscquella|Euduboscquella]]'', ''Dogelodinium'', ''Keppenodinium''.
***Ichthyodiniidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2018}}. ''[[Biology:Ichthyodinium|Ichthyodinium]]''.
**[[Biology:Syndiniales|Syndiniales]] {{au|Loeblich III 1976}}. ''Incertae sedis'': Ellobiopsidae (''[[Biology:Ellobiopsis|Ellobiopsis]]'', ''Thalassomyces'').
***Amoebophryidae {{au|Cachon 1964}} [environmental Marine Alveolate Group II]. ''Amoebophrya''.
***Syndinidae {{au|Chatton 1910}} [environmental Marine Alveolate Group IV]. ''[[Biology:Hematodinium|Hematodinium]]'', ''[[Biology:Syndinium|Syndinium]]'', ''Solenodinium''.
***Sphaeriparaceae {{au|Loeblich III 1970}}. ''Atlanticellodinium'', ''Sphaeripara''.
**[[Biology:Noctilucales|Noctilucales]] {{au|Haeckel 1894}} [Noctiluciphyceae {{au|Fensome et al. 1993}}]. ''Abedinium'', ''Cachonodinium'', ''Craspedotella'', ''[[Biology:Cymbodinium|Cymbodinium]]'', ''[[Biology:Kofoidinium|Kofoidinium]]'', ''Leptodiscus'', ''[[Biology:Noctiluca|Noctiluca]]'', ''Petalodinium'', ''Pomatodinium'', ''Scaphodinium'', ''Spatulodinium''.
**[[Biology:Dinophyceae|Dinophyceae]] {{au|Pascher 1914}}
***Gymnodiniphycidae {{au|Fensome et al. 1993}}
****[[Biology:Gymnodinium|Gymnodinium]] {{au|F. Stein 1878, emend. G. Hansen & Moestrup in Daugbjerg et al. 2000}} sensu stricto. ''Barrufeta'', ''Chytriodinium'', ''[[Biology:Dissodinium|Dissodinium]]'', ''[[Biology:Erythropsidinium|Erythropsidinium]]'', ''Greuetodinium'', ''[[Biology:Gymnodinium|Gymnodinium]]'', ''[[Biology:Lepidodinium|Lepidodinium]]'', ''Nematodinium'', ''Nusuttodinium'', ''Pellucidodinium'', ''[[Biology:Polykrikos|Polykrikos]]'', ''Proterythropsis'', ''[[Biology:Warnowia|Warnowia]]''.
****[[Biology:Amphidinium|Amphidinium]] {{au|Claparède & Lachmann 1859, emend. Flø Jørgensen et al. 2004}} sensu stricto
****[[Biology:Gyrodinium|Gyrodinium]] {{au|Kofoid & Swezy 1921, emend. G. Hansen & Moestrup in Daugbjerg et al. 2000}} sensu stricto
****[[Biology:Kareniaceae|Kareniaceae]] {{au|Bergholtz et al. 2005}}. ''Brachidinium'', ''[[Biology:Karenia (dinoflagellate)|Karenia]]'', ''[[Biology:Karlodinium|Karlodinium]]'', ''Takayama''.
****Ceratoperidiniaceae {{au|Loeblich III 1980, emend. Reñé & de Salas 2013}}. ''[[Biology:Ceratoperidinium|Ceratoperidinium]]'', ''Kirithra''.
****Torodiniales {{au|Boutrup, Moestrup & Daugbjerg 2016}}. ''Kapelodinium'', ''[[Biology:Torodinium|Torodinium]]''.
****Levanderina {{au|Moestrup et al. 2014}}
****Margalefidinium {{au|F. Gómez, Richlen & D.M. Anderson 2017}}
****[[Biology:Cochlodinium|Cochlodinium]] {{au|F. Schütt emend. F. Gómez, Richlen & D.M. Anderson 2017}} sensu stricto
****Ptychodiscales {{au|Fensome et al. 1993}}. ''Achradina'', ''Amphilothus'', ''Balechina'', ''Ptychodiscus'', ''Sclerodinium''.
****Borghiellaceae {{au|Moestrup, Lindberg, & Daugbjerg 2009}}. ''Baldinia'', ''Borghiella''.
****Tovelliaceae {{au|Moestrup et al. 2005}}. ''Bernardinium'', ''Esoptrodinium'', ''Jadwigia'', ''Tovellia''.
****Suessiaceae {{au|Fensome et al. 1993, emend. Moestrup et al. 2009}}. ''Ansanella'', ''Asulcocephalium'', ''Biecheleria'', ''Biecheleriopsis'', ''Leiocephalium'', ''Pelagodinium'', ''[[Biology:Polarella|Polarella]]'', ''Prosoaulax'', ''Protodinium'', ''[[Biology:Symbiodinium|Symbiodinium]]'', ''Yihiella''.
***Peridiniphycidae {{au|Fensome et al. 1993}}
****[[Biology:Gonyaulacales|Gonyaulacales]] {{au|Taylor 1980}}. ''Alexandrium'', ''[[Biology:Amylax|Amylax]]'', ''[[Biology:Ceratium|Ceratium]]'', ''[[Biology:Ceratocorys|Ceratocorys]]'', ''[[Biology:Coolia|Coolia]]'', ''Fukuyoa'', ''[[Biology:Fragilidium|Fragilidium]]'', ''[[Biology:Gambierdiscus|Gambierdiscus]]'', ''[[Biology:Goniodoma|Goniodoma]]'', ''[[Biology:Gonyaulax|Gonyaulax]]'', ''[[Biology:Lingulodinium|Lingulodinium]]'', ''[[Biology:Ostreopsis|Ostreopsis]]'', ''Pentaplacodinium'', ''Peridiniella'', ''Protoceratium'', ''Pyrocystis'', ''Pyrodinium'', ''Pyrophacus'', ''Tripos''.
****[[Biology:Peridiniales|Peridiniales]] {{au|Haeckel 1894}}. ''Amphidiniopsis'', ''[[Biology:Archaeperidinium|Archaeperidinium]]'', ''[[Biology:Blastodinium|Blastodinium]]''*, ''Diplopelta'', ''[[Biology:Diplopsalis|Diplopsalis]]'', ''Diplopsalopsis'', ''[[Biology:Herdmania|Herdmania]]'', ''Niea'', ''Oblea'', ''Palatinus'', ''Parvodinium'', ''[[Biology:Peridinium|Peridinium]]'', ''Peridiniopsis'', ''Preperidinium'', ''Protoperidinium'', ''Qia'', ''Vulcanodinium''.
****Thoracosphaeraceae {{au|Schiller 1930}}. ''Aduncodinium'', ''Amyloodinium'', ''Apocalathium'', ''[[Biology:Blastodinium|Blastodinium]]'', ''Chimonodinium'', ''Cryptoperidiniopsis'', ''Duboscquodinium'', ''Ensiculifera'', ''Leonella'', ''Luciella'', ''Naiadinium'', ''Paulsenella'', ''Pentapharsodinium'', ''[[Biology:Pfiesteria|Pfiesteria]]'', ''Scrippsiella'', ''Stoeckeria'', ''Theleodinium'', ''Thoracosphaera'', ''Tintinnophagus'', ''Tyrannodinium''.
****Podolampadaceae {{au|Lindemann 1928}}. ''Blepharocysta'', ''Gaarderiella'', ''Heterobractum'', ''Lissodinium'', ''Mysticella'', ''Podolampas''.
****[[Biology:Kryptoperidiniaceae|Kryptoperidiniaceae]] {{au|Lindemann 1925}} ["dinotoms"]. ''Blixaea'', ''[[Biology:Durinskia|Durinskia]]'', ''Galeidinium'', ''[[Biology:Kryptoperidinium|Kryptoperidinium]]'', ''Unruhdinium'', etc.
****[[Biology:Heterocapsaceae|Heterocapsaceae]] {{au|Fensome et al. 1993}}. ''[[Biology:Heterocapsa|Heterocapsa]]''.
****[[Biology:Amphidomataceae|Amphidomataceae]] {{au|Sournia 1984}}. ''Amphidoma'', ''[[Biology:Azadinium|Azadinium]]''.
****Oxytoxaceae {{au|Lindemann 1928}}. ''[[Biology:Corythodinium|Corythodinium]]'', ''Oxytoxum''.
****Centrodiniaceae {{au|Hernández-Becerril 2010}}. ''[[Biology:Centrodinium|Centrodinium]]''.
***Dinophysales {{au|Kofoid 1926}}. ''Amphisolenia'', ''Citharistes'', ''Dinofurcula'', ''[[Biology:Dinophysis|Dinophysis]]'', ''[[Biology:Histioneis|Histioneis]]'', ''Latifascia'', ''Metadinophysis'', ''Metaphalacroma'', ''[[Biology:Ornithocercus|Ornithocercus]]'', ''[[Biology:Oxyphysis|Oxyphysis]]'', ''Parahistioneis'', ''[[Biology:Phalacroma|Phalacroma]]'', ''Pseudophalacroma'', ''Sinophysis'', ''Triposolenia''.
***[[Biology:Prorocentrales|Prorocentrales]] {{au|Lemmermann 1910}}. ''Mesoporus'', ''[[Biology:Prorocentrum|Prorocentrum]]''.
*'''[[Biology:Apicomplexa|Apicomplexa]]''' {{au|Levine 1980, emend. Adl et al. 2005}}. ''Incertae sedis'' genera: ''[[Biology:Aggregata|Aggregata]]''{{efn|Highly divergent 18S rRNA.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>}} {{au|Frenzel 1885}}, ''Christalloidophora'' {{au|Dehorne 1934}}, ''[[Biology:Dobellia|Dobellia]]''* {{au|Ikeda 1914}}, ''[[Biology:Echinococcidium|Echinococcidium]]''* {{au|Porchet 1978}}, ''[[Biology:Globidiellum|Globidiellum]]''* {{au|Brumpt 1913}}, ''[[Biology:Joyeuxella|Joyeuxella]]''* {{au|Brasil 1902}}, ''[[Biology:Rhabdospora|Rhabdospora]]''* {{au|Laguesse 1906}}, ''[[Biology:Spermatobium|Spermatobium]]''* {{au|Eisen 1895}}, ''Spiriopsis''* {{au|Arvy & Peters 1972}}, ''Spirogregarina''* {{au|Wood & Herman 1943}}, ''[[Biology:Toxocystis|Toxocystis]]''* {{au|Léger & Duboscq 1910}}, ''[[Biology:Trophosphaera|Trophosphaera]]''* {{au|Le Calvez 1939}}.
**?[[Biology:Agamococcidiorida|Agamococcidiorida]] {{au|Levine 1979}}. ''[[Biology:Gemmocystis|Gemmocystis]]''*, ''[[Biology:Rhytidocystis|Rhytidocystis]]''.
**?Protococcidiorida {{au|Kheisin 1956}}. ''[[Biology:Angeiocystis|Angeiocystis]]''*, ''Coelotropha''*, ''Grellia''*, ''Eleutheroschizon''*, ''[[Biology:Mackinnonia|Mackinnonia]]''*, ''Myriosporides''*, ''Myriospora''*, ''Sawayella''*.
**[[Biology:Aconoidasida|Aconoidasida]] {{au|Mehlhorn et al. 1980}} [Hematozoa {{au|Vivier 1982}}] (P)
***Haemospororida {{au|Danilewsky 1885}}. ''[[Biology:Dionisia|Dionisia]]''*, ''[[Biology:Haemocystidium|Haemocystidium]]'', ''[[Biology:Haemoproteus|Haemoproteus]]'', ''[[Biology:Hepatocystis|Hepatocystis]]'', ''[[Biology:Leucocytozoon|Leucocytozoon]]'', ''[[Biology:Mesnilium|Mesnilium]]''*, ''[[Biology:Nycteria|Nycteria]]'', ''Parahaemoproteus'', ''[[Biology:Plasmodium|Plasmodium]]'', ''[[Biology:Polychromophilus|Polychromophilus]]'', ''[[Biology:Rayella|Rayella]]''*, ''[[Biology:Saurocytozoon|Saurocytozoon]]''*.
***Piroplasmorida {{au|Wenyon 1926}}. ''[[Biology:Anthemosoma|Anthemosoma]]''*, ''[[Biology:Babesia|Babesia]]'', ''[[Biology:Cytauxzoon|Cytauxzoon]]'', ''[[Biology:Echinozoon|Echinozoon]]''*, ''[[Biology:Haemohormidium|Haemohormidium]]''*, ''[[Biology:Sauroplasma|Sauroplasma]]''*, ''[[Biology:Serpentoplasma|Serpentoplasma]]''*, ''[[Biology:Theileria|Theileria]]''.
***Nephromycida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Nephromyces|Nephromyces]]'', ''[[Biology:Cardiosporidium|Cardiosporidium]]''.
**[[Biology:Conoidasida|Conoidasida]] {{au|Levine 1988}} (P)
***[[Biology:Coccidia|Coccidia]] {{au|Leuckart 1879}} (P)
****[[Biology:Adeleorina|Adeleorina]] {{au|Léger 1911}}. ''[[Biology:Adelea|Adelea]]''*, ''[[Biology:Adelina (Apicomplexa)|Adelina]]'', ''Babesiosima''*, ''[[Biology:Bartazoon|Bartazoon]]''*, ''[[Biology:Chagasella|Chagasella]]''*, ''[[Biology:Cyrilia|Cyrilia]]''*, ''[[Biology:Dactylosoma|Dactylosoma]]'', ''[[Biology:Desseria|Desseria]]''*, ''[[Biology:Ganapatiella|Ganapatiella]]''*, ''[[Biology:Gibbsia (apicomplexan)|Gibbsia]]''*, ''[[Biology:Haemogregarina|Haemogregarina]]'', ''Haemolivia'', ''[[Biology:Hepatozoon|Hepatozoon]]'', ''Ithania''*, ''[[Biology:Karyolysus|Karyolysus]]'', ''[[Biology:Klossia (alveolate)|Klossia]]'', ''[[Biology:Klossiella|Klossiella]]''*, ''[[Biology:Legerella|Legerella]]''*, ''[[Biology:Orcheobius|Orcheobius]]''*, ''[[Biology:Rasajeyna|Rasajeyna]]''*.
****[[Biology:Eimeriorina|Eimeriorina]] {{au|Léger 1911}}. ''[[Biology:Atoxoplasma|Atoxoplasma]]'', ''[[Biology:Barrouxia|Barrouxia]]''*, ''[[Biology:Besnoitia|Besnoitia]]'', ''[[Biology:Caryospora (alveolate)|Caryospora]]'', ''[[Biology:Caryotropha|Caryotropha]]'', ''[[Biology:Choleoeimeria|Choleoeimeria]]'', ''[[Biology:Cyclospora|Cyclospora]]'', ''[[Biology:Cystoisospora|Cystoisospora]]'', ''[[Biology:Defretinella|Defretinella]]''*, ''[[Biology:Diaspora (Apicomplexa)|Diaspora]]''*, ''[[Biology:Dorisa|Dorisa]]''*, ''[[Biology:Dorisiella|Dorisiella]]''*, ''[[Biology:Eimeria|Eimeria]]'', ''[[Biology:Elleipsisoma|Elleipsisoma]]''*, ''[[Biology:Goussia|Goussia]]'', ''[[Biology:Hammondia|Hammondia]]'', ''[[Biology:Hyaloklossia|Hyaloklossia]]'', ''[[Biology:Isospora|Isospora]]'', ''Lankesterella'', ''[[Biology:Mantonella|Mantonella]]''*, ''[[Biology:Merocystis|Merocystis]]'', ''[[Biology:Neospora|Neospora]]'', ''[[Biology:Nephroisospora|Nephroisospora]]'', ''[[Biology:Ovivora|Ovivora]]''*, ''[[Biology:Pfeifferinella|Pfeifferinella]]'', ''[[Biology:Pseudoklossia|Pseudoklossia]]'', ''[[Biology:Sarcocystis|Sarcocystis]]'', ''[[Biology:Schellackia|Schellackia]]'', ''[[Biology:Selenococcidium|Selenococcidium]]''*, ''[[Biology:Selysina|Selysina]]''*, ''[[Biology:Spirocystis|Spirocystis]]''*, ''[[Biology:Toxoplasma|Toxoplasma]]'', ''[[Biology:Tyzzeria|Tyzzeria]]''*, ''[[Biology:Wenyonella|Wenyonella]]''*.
***[[Biology:Gregarinasina|Gregarinasina]] {{au|Dufour 1828}} (P). ''Incertae sedis'' genera: ''Digyalum'' {{au|Koura et al. 1990}}, ''[[Biology:Exoschizon|Exoschizon]]'' {{au|Hukui 1939}}.
****Archigregarinorida {{au|Grassé 1953}} (P). ''[[Biology:Filipodium|Filipodium]]'', ''[[Biology:Meroselenidium|Meroselenidium]]'', ''[[Biology:Merogregarina|Merogregarina]]'', ''[[Biology:Platyproteum|Platyproteum]]'', ''[[Biology:Selenidium|Selenidium]]'', ''Selenocystis'', ''[[Biology:Veloxidium|Veloxidium]]''.
****[[Biology:Eugregarinorida|Eugregarinorida]] {{au|Léger 1900}} (P). ''Apolocystis''*, ''Amoebogregarina'', ''Ancora'', ''Ascogregarina'', ''[[Biology:Asterophora|Asterophora]]'', ''Blabericola'', ''Caliculium'', ''Cephaloidophora'', ''Colepismatophila'', ''Cystobia''*, ''Cystocephalus''*, ''Difficilina'', ''Diplauxis''*, ''Enterocystis'', ''Ganymedes'', ''Geneiorhynchus'', ''Gonospora'', ''Gregarina'', ''Heliospora'', ''Hentschelia''*, ''Hirmocystis''*, ''Hoplorhynchus'', ''Lankesteria'', ''Lecudina'', ''Leidyana'', ''Lithocystis'', ''Monocystella''*, ''[[Biology:Monocystis|Monocystis]]'', ''[[Biology:Nematopsis|Nematopsis]]'', ''Nematocystis''*, ''Neoasterophora''*, ''Paralecudina'', ''Paraschneideria'', ''[[Biology:Phyllochaetopterus|Phyllochaetopterus]]'', ''Pileocephalus''*, ''Polyplicarium'', ''Polyrhabdina'', ''Porospora''*, ''Prismatospora'', ''Protomagalhaensia'', ''Psychodiella'', ''[[Biology:Pterospora|Pterospora]]'', ''Pyxinia'', ''Pyxinioides'', ''Rhabdocystis''*, ''Sphaerorhynchus''*, ''Steinina'', ''Stenophora'', ''Stylocephalus'', ''Sycia''*, ''[[Biology:Syncystis|Syncystis]]'', ''Thalicola''*, ''Thiriotia'', ''Trichotokara'', ''Uradiophora''*, ''[[Biology:Urospora (alveolate)|Urospora]]'', ''Xiphocephalus'', ''Zygosoma''*, and more.
****[[Biology:Neogregarinorida|Neogregarinorida]] {{au|Grassé 1953}}. ''[[Biology:Apicystis|Apicystis]]'', ''Aranciocystis'', ''[[Biology:Caulleryella|Caulleryella]]''*, ''Coelogregarina''*, ''[[Biology:Farinocystis|Farinocystis]]''*, ''[[Biology:Gigaductus|Gigaductus]]''*, ''[[Biology:Lipocystis|Lipocystis]]''*, ''[[Biology:Lipotropha|Lipotropha]]''*, ''[[Biology:Lymphotropha|Lymphotropha]]''*, ''[[Biology:Machadoella|Machadoella]]''*, ''[[Biology:Mattesia|Mattesia]]'', ''[[Biology:Menzbieria|Menzbieria]]'', ''Ophryocystis'', ''[[Biology:Schizocystis|Schizocystis]]''*, ''[[Biology:Syncystis|Syncystis]]'', ''[[Biology:Tipulocystis|Tipulocystis]]''*.
****Cryptogregarinorida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2014, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Cryptosporidium|Cryptosporidium]]''.
***Blastogregarinea {{au|Chatton and Villeneuve 1936, emend. Simdyanov et al. 2018}}. ''Chattonaria'', ''[[Biology:Siedleckia|Siedleckia]]''.
*'''Ciliophora''' {{au|Doflein 1901}} [Ciliata {{au|Perty 1852}}; Infusoria {{au|Bütschli 1887}}]
**[[Biology:Postciliodesmatophora|Postciliodesmatophora]] {{au|Gerassimova & Seravin 1976}}
***[[Biology:Karyorelictea|Karyorelictea]] {{au|Corliss 1974}}
****Kentrophoridae {{au|Jankowski 1980}}. ''[[Biology:Kentrophoros|Kentrophoros]]''.
****[[Biology:Loxodida|Loxodida]] {{au|Jankowski 1980}}
*****Cryptopharyngidae {{au|Jankowski 1980}}. ''Cryptopharynx''.
*****[[Biology:Loxodidae|Loxodidae]] {{au|Bütschli 1889}}. ''[[Biology:Loxodes|Loxodes]]''.
****[[Biology:Geleiidae|Geleiidae]] {{au|Kahl 1933}}. ''[[Biology:Geleia|Geleia]]''.
***Heterotrichea {{au|Stein 1859}}
****[[Biology:Blepharismidae|Blepharismidae]] {{au|Jankowski in Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''[[Chemistry:Blepharisma|Blepharisma]]''
****Climacostomidae {{au|Repak 1972}}. ''[[Biology:Climacostomum|Climacostomum]]''.
****Condylostomatidae {{au|Kahl in Doflein & Reichenow 1929}}. ''Chattonidium'', ''[[Biology:Condylostoma|Condylostoma]]''.
****Fabreidae {{au|Shazib et al. 2014}}. ''Fabrea''.
****Gruberiidae {{au|Shazib et al. 2014}}. ''Gruberia''.
****Coliphorina {{au|Jankowski 1967}}
*****[[Biology:Folliculinidae|Folliculinidae]] {{au|Dons 1914}}. ''Folliculina''.
*****Maristentoridae {{au|Miao et al. 2005}}. ''Maristentor''.
****Peritromidae {{au|Stein 1867}}. ''Peritromus''.
****Spirostomidae {{au|Stein 1867}}. ''Anigsteinia'', ''[[Biology:Spirostomum|Spirostomum]]''.
****Stentoridae {{au|Carus 1863}}. ''Stentor''.
**[[Biology:Intramacronucleata|Intramacronucleata]] {{au|Lynn 1996}}. ''Incertae sedis'': Protocruziidae {{au|Jankowski 1980}} [Protocruziidia {{au|de Puytorac et al. 1987}}] (''Protocruzia'' {{au|Faria da Cunha & Pinto 1922}}).
***SAL {{au|Gentekaki et al. 2014}}. ''Incertae sedis'': [[Biology:Cariacotrichea|Cariacotrichea]] {{au|Orsi et al. 2011}} (''[[Biology:Cariacothrix caudata|Cariacothrix caudata]]''), Mesodiniidae {{au|ankowski, 1980}} (''[[Biology:Mesodinium|Mesodinium]]''), Phacodiniidia {{au|Small and Lynn 1985}} (''Phacodinium'').
****Spirotrichea {{au|Bütschli 1889}}
*****Euplotia {{au|Jankowski 1979}}
******Euplotida {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}
*******Aspidiscidae {{au|Ehrenberg 1830}}. ''Aspidisca''.
*******Certesiidae {{au|Borror & Hill 1995}}. ''Certesia''.
*******Euplotidae {{au|Ehrenberg 1838}}. ''[[Biology:Euplotes|Euplotes]]''.
*******Gastrocirrhidae {{au|Fauré-Fremiet 1961}}. ''Gastrocirrhus''.
*******Uronychidae {{au|Jankowski 1975}}. ''Diophrys'', ''Uronychia''.
******Discocephalida
*******Discocephalidae {{au|Jankowski 1979}}. ''Discocephalus'', ''Prodiscocephalus'', ''Paradiscocephalus''.
*******Pseudoamphisiellidae {{au|Song et al. 1997}}. ''Leptoamphisiella'', ''Pseudoamphisiella''.
*****Perilemmaphora {{au|Berger 2008}}
******Hypotrichia {{au|Stein 1859}}
*******Stichotrichida {{au|Fauré-Fremiet 1961}} (P){{efn|name=Stichotrichida|This taxon is artificial; many of the families listed in it are not monophyletic and have little support from phylogenetic analyses.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>}}
********Amphisiellidae {{au|Jankowski 1979}}. ''Amphisiella'', ''Bistichella''.
********Atractosidae {{au|Bourland 2015}}. ''Atractos''.
********Epiclintidae {{au|Wicklow & Borror 1990}}. ''Epiclintes''.
********[[Biology:Gonostomatidae|Gonostomatidae]] {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Cotterillia'', ''Gonostomum''.
********[[Biology:Halteriidae|Halteriidae]] {{au|Claparède & Lachmann 1858}}. ''[[Biology:Halteria|Halteria]]'', ''Meseres''.
********[[Biology:Holostichidae|Holostichidae]] {{au|Fauré-Fremiet 1961}}. ''[[Biology:Holosticha|Holosticha]]'', ''Uncinata''.
********Kahliellidae {{au|Tuffrau 1979}}. ''Deviata'', ''Kahliella''.
********Keronidae {{au|Dujardin 1840}}. ''Kerona''.
********[[Biology:Oxytrichidae|Oxytrichidae]] {{au|Ehrenberg 1830}} (P). ''Cyrtohymena'', ''Gastrostyla'', ''[[Biology:Oxytricha|Oxytricha]]'', ''[[Biology:Stylonychia|Stylonychia]]''.
********Parabirojimidae {{au|Dai & Xu 2011}}. ''Parabirojimia'', ''Tunicothrix''.
********Plagiotomidae {{au|Bütschli 1887}}. ''Plagiotoma''.
********Psammomitridae {{au|Jankowski 1979}}. ''Psammomitra''.
********Pseudoamphisiellidae {{au|Song et al. 1996}}. ''Pseudoamphisiella''.
********Psilotrichidae {{au|Bütschli 1889}}. ''Psilotricha'', ''Urospinula''.
********Schmidingerotrichidae {{au|Foissner 2012}}. ''Schmidingerothrix''.
********Spirofilidae {{au|von Gelei 1929}}. ''Spirofilopsis'', ''Strongylidium''.
********Trachelostylidae {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Trachelostyla''.
********Uroleptidae {{au|Foissner & Stoeck 2008}}. ''Paruroleptus'', ''[[Biology:Uroleptus|Uroleptus]]''.
*******Urostylida {{au|Jankowski 1979}} (P)
********Bergeriellidae {{au|Liu et al. 2010}}. ''[[Biology:Bergeriella|Bergeriella]]'', ''Neourostylopsis''.
********Hemicycliostylidae {{au|Lyu et al. 2018}}. ''Australothrix'', ''Hemicycliostyla''.
********Pseudokeronopsidae {{au|Borror & Wicklow, 1983}}. ''Apoholosticha'', ''Pseudokeronopsis''.
********Pseudourostylidae {{au|Jankowski 1979}}. ''Pseudourostyla''.
********Urostylidae {{au|Bütschli 1889}}. ''Bakuella'', ''Diaxonella'', ''Urostyla''.
******Oligotrichea {{au|Bütschli 1887}}
*******Oligotrichida {{au|Bütschli 1887}}
********Cyrtostrombidiidae {{au|Agatha 2004}}. ''Cyrtostrombidium''.
********Pelagostrombidiidae {{au|Agatha 2004}}. ''Pelagostrombidium''.
********Strombidiidae {{au|Fauré-Fremiet 1970}}. ''Strombidium'' (P).
********Tontoniidae {{au|Agatha 2004}}. ''Laboea'', ''Tontonia''.
*******Choreotrichida {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Incertae sedis'': ''Lynnella'' {{au|Liu et al. 2011}} [Lynnellidae {{au|Liu et al. 2011}}; Lynnellida {{au|Liu et al. 2015}}]
********Strobilidiina {{au|Jankowski 1980}} (P)
*********Leegaardiellidae {{au|Lynn & Montagnes 1988}}. ''Leegaardiella''.
*********Lohmanniellidae {{au|Montagnes & Lynn 1991}}. ''Lohmanniella''.
*********Strobilidiidae {{au|Kahl in Doflein & Reichenow 1929}}. ''Strobilidium''.
*********Strombidinopsidae {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Strombidinopsis'' (P).
********Tintinnina {{au|Kofoid & Campbell 1929}}. ''Incertae sedis'': ''Helicostomella'', ''Tintinnopsis'' (P), several other genera.
*********Ascampbelliellidae {{au|Corliss 1960}}. ''Ascampbelliella''
*********Cyttarocylididae {{au|Kofoid & Campbell 1929}} [probably synonymous with Petalotrichidae]. ''Cyttarocylis''.
*********Dictyocystidae {{au|Haeckel 1873}}. ''Dictyocysta''.
*********Epiplocylididae {{au|Kofoid & Campbell 1939}}. ''Epiplocylis''.
*********Eutintinnidae {{au|Bachy et al. 2012}}. ''Dartintinnus'', ''Eutintinnus''.
*********Favellidae {{au|Kofoid & Campbell 1929}}. ''Favella''.
*********Nolaclusiliidae {{au|Sniezek et al. 1991}}. ''Nolaclusilis''.
*********Petalotrichidae {{au|Kofoid & Campbell 1929}} [probably synonymous with Cyttarocylididae]. ''Petalotricha''.
*********Ptychocylididae {{au|Kofoid & Campbell 1929}}. ''Cymatocylis'', ''Ptychocylis''.
*********Rhabdonellidae {{au|Kofoid & Campbell 1929}}. ''Metacylis'', ''Rhabdonella'', ''Schmidingerella''.
*********Stenosemellidae {{au|Campbell 1954}} (P). ''Stenosemella''.
*********Tintinnidae {{au|Claparède & Lachmann 1858}}. ''Amphorellopsis'', ''Salpingacantha'', ''Salpingella'', ''Tintinnus''.
*********Tintinnidiidae {{au|Kofoid & Campbell 1929}}. ''Tintinnidium''.
*********Undellidae {{au|Kofoid & Campbell 1929}}. ''Undella''.
*********Xystonellidae {{au|Kofoid & Campbell 1929}}. ''Dadayiella'', ''Parafavella'', ''Xystonella''.
*****Licnophoridae {{au|Bütschli 1887}}. ''[[Biology:Licnophora|Licnophora]]'', ''Prolicnophora''.
*****Kiitrichidae {{au|Nozawa 1941}}. ''Caryotricha'', ''Kiitricha''.
****Lamellicorticata {{au|Vd'ačný et al. 2010}}
*****[[Biology:Armophorea|Armophorea]] {{au|Lynn 2004}}. ''Incertae sedis'': Mylestomatidae {{au|Kahl in Doflein & Reichenow, 1929}} (''Mylestoma'').
******Metopida {{au|Jankowski 1980}} (P)
*******Metopidae {{au|Kahl 1927}} (P). ''Bothrostoma'', ''Brachonella'', ''Eometopus'', ''[[Biology:Metopus|Metopus]]'', ''Parametopidium'', ''Tesnospira''.
*******Apometopidae {{au|Foissner 2016}}. ''Cirranter'', ''Urostomides''.
*******Tropidoatractidae {{au|Rotterová et al. 2018}}. ''Palmarella'', ''Tropidoatractus''.
******Clevelandellida {{au|de Puytorac & Grain 1976}}
*******Clevelandellidae {{au|Kidder 1938}}. ''Clevelandella''.
*******Inferostomatidae {{au|Ky 1971}}. ''Inferostoma''.
*******Neonyctotheridae {{au|Affa'a 1987}}. ''Neonyctotherus''.
*******Nyctotheridae {{au|Amaro 1972}} (P). ''Nyctotherus''.
*******Sicuophoridae {{au|Amaro 1972}}. ''Sicuophora''.
******Caenomorphidae {{au|Poche 1913}}. ''Caenomorpha'', ''Ludio'', ''Sulfonecta''.
******[[Biology:Odontostomatida|Odontostomatida]] {{au|Sawaya 1940}}
*******Discomorphellidae {{au|Corliss 1960}}. ''Discomorphella''.
*******Epalxellidae {{au|Corliss 1960}}. ''Epalxella'', ''Saprodinium''.
*****[[Biology:Litostomatea|Litostomatea]] {{au|Small & Lynn 1981}}
******Rhynchostomatia {{au|Jankowski 1980}}
*******Dileptida {{au|Jankowski 1978}}
********Dileptidae {{au|Jankowski 1980}}. ''Apodileptus'', ''[[Biology:Dileptus|Dileptus]]'', ''Pseudomonilicaryon''.
********Dimacrocaryonidae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Dimacrocaryon'', ''Monomacrocaryon'', ''Rimaleptus''.
********Tracheliidae {{au|Ehrenberg 1838}}. ''Trachelius''.
******Haptoria {{au|Corliss 1974}} (P). ''Incertae sedis'': ''Chaenea''.
*******Lacrymariidae {{au|de Fromentel 1876}}. ''[[Biology:Lacrymaria (ciliate)|Lacrymaria]]''.
*******Haptorida {{au|Corliss 1974}}
********Enchelyodonidae {{au|Foissner et al. 2002}}. ''Enchelyodon'', ''Fuscheria''.
********Homalozoonidae {{au|Jankowski 1980}}. ''Homalozoon''.
********Pleuroplitidae {{au|Foissner 1996}}. ''Pleuroplites''.
*******Didiniidae {{au|Poche 1913}}. ''[[Biology:Didinium|Didinium]]'', ''Monodinium''.
*******Pleurostomatida {{au|Schewiakoff 1896}}
********Amphileptidae {{au|Bütschli 1889}}. ''Amphileptus''.
********Litonotidae {{au|Kent 1882}}. ''Litonotus''.
********Kentrophyllidae {{au|Wu et al. 2015}}. ''[[Biology:Epiphyllum|Epiphyllum]]'', ''Kentrophyllum''.
*******Spathidiida {{au|Foissner & Foissner 1988}}
********Acropisthiidae {{au|Foissner & Foissner 1988}}. ''Acropisthium'', ''Chaenea''.
********Actinobolinidae {{au|Kahl 1930}}. ''Actinobolina''.
********Apertospathulidae {{au|Foissner et al. 2005}}. ''Apertospathula''.
********Enchelyidae {{au|Ehrenberg 1838}}. ''Enchelys''.
********Pseudoholophryidae {{au|Berger et al. 1984}}. ''Pseudoholophrya''.
********Spathidiidae {{au|Kahl in Doflein & Reichenow 1929}}. ''[[Biology:Legendrea|Legendrea]]'',<ref name="Legendrea"/> ''Spathidium''.
********Trachelophyllidae {{au|Kent 1882}}. ''Trachelophyllum''.
******Helicoprorodontidae {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}
******Trichostomatia {{au|Bütschli 1889}}
*******Vestibuliferida {{au|de Puytorac et al. 1974}}
********[[Biology:Balantidiidae|Balantidiidae]] {{au|Reichenow in Doflein and Reichenow 1929}}. ''[[Biology:Balantidium|Balantidium]]'', ''Neobalantidium'' (P).
********Buetschliidae {{au|Poche 1913}}. ''Buetschlia''.
********Paraisotrichidae {{au|da Cunha 1917}}. ''Paraisotrichia''.
********Protocaviellidae {{au|Grain in Corliss 1979}}. ''Protocaviella''.
********Protohalliidae {{au|da Cunha & Muniz 1927}}. ''Protohallia''.
********Pycnotrichidae {{au|Poche 1913}}. ''Pycnothrix'', perhaps ''Buxtonella''.
******Isoendo
*******[[Biology:Isotrichidae|Isotrichidae]] {{au|Bütschli 1889}}. ''Dasytricha'', ''[[Biology:Isotricha|Isotricha]]''.
*******Entodiniomorphida {{au|Reichenow in Doflein & Reichenow 1929}}
********Blepharocorythina {{au|Wolska 1971}}
*********Blepharocorythidae {{au|Hsiung 1929}}. ''Blepharocorys''.
*********Parentodiniidae {{au|Ito, Miyazaki & Imai 2002}}. ''Parentodinium''.
*********Pseudoentodiniidae {{au|Wolska 1986}}. ''Pseudoentodinium''.
********Entodiniomorphina {{au|Reichenow in Doflein & Reichenow 1929}}
*********Cycloposthiidae {{au|Poche 1913}}. ''Cycloposthium''.
*********Gilchristidae {{au|Ito, Ishihara & Imai 2014}}. ''Gilchristia''.
*********Ophryoscolecidae {{au|Stein 1859}}. ''Entodinium'', ''Ophryoscolex'', ''Polyplastron''.
*********Polydiniellidae {{au|Corliss 1960}}. ''Polydiniella''.
*********Rhinozetidae {{au|Van Hoven, Gilchrist & Hamilton-Attwell 1988}}. ''Rhinozeta''.
*********Spirodiniidae {{au|Strelkow 1939}}. ''Spirodinium''.
*********Telamodiniidae {{au|Latteur & Dufey 1967}}. ''Telamodinium''.
*********Troglodytellidae {{au|Corliss 1979}}. ''Troglodytella'',.
*******Macropodiniida {{au|Lynn 2008}}
********Amylovoracidae {{au|Cameron & O'Donoghue 2002}}. ''Amylovorax''.
********Macropodiniidae {{au|Dehority 1996}}. ''Macropodinium''.
********Polycostidae {{au|Cameron & O'Donoghue 2003}}. ''Polycosta''.
***CONTHREEP {{au|Lynn in Adl et al. 2012}} [Ventrata {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2004}}]. ''Incertae sedis'': ''Askenasia'' {{au|Blochmann 1895}}, Cyclotrichiidae {{au|Jankowski 1980}} (''[[Biology:Cyclotrichium|Cyclotrichium]]''), ''Paraspathidium'' {{au|Noland 1937}}, Pseudotrachelocercidae {{au|Song 1990}} (''Pseudotrachelocerca''), Discotrichidae {{au|Jankowski 1967}} [Discotrichida {{au|Fan et al. 2014}}] (''Discotricha'', ''Lopezoterenia'').
****[[Biology:Phyllopharyngea|Phyllopharyngea]] {{au|de Puytorac et al. 1974}}
*****Synhymeniida {{au|de Puytorac et al. in Deroux 1978}}
******Nassulopsidae {{au|Deroux in Corliss 1979}}. ''Nassulopsis''.
******Orthodonellidae {{au|Jankowski 1968}}. ''Orthodonella'', ''Zosterodasys''.
******Scaphidiodontidae {{au|Deroux in Corliss 1979}}. ''Chilodontopsis'', ''Scaphidiodon''.
******Synhymeniidae {{au|Jankowski in Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Synhymenia''.
*****Subkinetalia {{au|Gong et al. 2009}}
******Cyrtophoria {{au|Fauré-Fremiet in Corliss 1956}}
*******Chlamydodontida {{au|Deroux 1976}} (P)
********Chilodonellidae {{au|Deroux 1970}}. ''Chilodonella''.
********Chitonellidae {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Chitonella''.
********Chlamydodontidae {{au|Stein 1859}}. ''Chlamydodon''.
********Gastronautidae {{au|Deroux 1994}}. ''Gastronauta''.
********Kryoprorodontidae {{au|Alekperov & Mamajeva 1992}}. ''Gymnozoum''.
********[[Biology:Lynchellidae|Lynchellidae]] {{au|Jankowski 1968}}. ''[[Biology:Chlamydonella|Chlamydonella]]'', ''Lynchella''.
*******Dysteriida {{au|Deroux 1976}}
********Dysteriidae {{au|Claparède & Lachmann 1858}}. ''Dysteria'' (P), ''Trochilia''.
********Hartmannulidae {{au|Poche 1913}} (P). ''Hartmannula''.
********Kyaroikeidae {{au|Sniezek & Coats 1996}}. ''Kyaroikeus''.
********Plesiotrichopidae {{au|Deroux 1976}}. ''Plesiotrichopus''.
********[[Biology:Chonotrichia|Chonotrichia]] {{au|Wallengren 1895}}
*********Exogemmida {{au|Jankowski 1972}}
**********Chilodochonidae {{au|Wallengren 1895}}. ''Chilodochona''.
**********Filichonidae {{au|Jankowski 1973}}. ''Filichona''.
**********Helichonidae {{au|Jankowski 1972}}. ''Heliochona''.
**********Lobochonidae {{au|Jankowski 1967}}. ''Lobochona''.
**********Phyllochonidae {{au|Jankowski 1972}}. ''Phyllochona''.
**********Spirochonidae {{au|Stein 1854}}. ''Spirochona''.
*********Cryptogemmida {{au|Jankowski 1975}}
**********Actinichonidae {{au|Jankowski 1973}}. ''Actinichona''.
**********Echinichonidae {{au|Jankowski 1973}}. ''Echinichona''.
**********Inversochonidae {{au|Jankowski 1973}}. ''Inversochona''.
**********Isochonidae {{au|Jankowski 1973}}. ''Isochona''.
**********Isochonopsidae {{au|Batisse & Crumeyrolle 1988}}. ''Isochonopsis''.
**********Stylochonidae {{au|Mohr 1948}}. ''Stylochona''.
******[[Biology:Rhynchodia|Rhynchodia]] {{au|Chatton & Lwoff 1939}}
*******Hypocomidae {{au|Bütschli 1889}}. ''Hypocoma''.
*******Rhynchodida {{au|Chatton & Lwoff 1939}}
********Ancistrocomidae {{au|Chatton & Lwoff 1939}}. ''Ancistrocoma''.
********Sphenophryidae {{au|Chatton & Lwoff 1921}}. ''Sphenophrya''.
******[[Biology:Suctoria|Suctoria]] {{au|Claparède & Lachmann 1858}}
*******Exogenida {{au|Collin 1912}}
********Allantosomatidae {{au|Jankowski 1967}}. ''Allantosoma''.
********Dentacinetidae {{au|Batisse 1992}}. ''Dentacineta''.
********Dendrosomididae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Dendrosomides''.
********Ephelotidae {{au|Kent 1882}}. ''Ephelota''.
********Lecanophryidae {{au|Jankowski 1973}}. ''Lecanophrya''.
********Manuelophryidae {{au|Dovgal 2002}}. ''Manuelophrya''.
********Metacinetidae {{au|Bütschli 1889}}. ''Metacineta''.
********Ophryodendridae {{au|Stein 1867}}. ''Ophryodendron''.
********Paracinetidae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Paracineta''.
********Phalacrocleptidae {{au|Kozloff 1966}}. ''Phalacrocleptes''.
********Podophryidae {{au|Haeckel 1866}}. ''Podophrya''.
********Praethecacinetidae {{au|Dovgal 1996}}. ''Praethecacineta''.
********Rhabdophryidae {{au|Jankowski 1970}}. ''Rhabdophrya''.
********Severonidae {{au|Jankowski 1981}}. ''Severonis''.
********Spelaeophryidae {{au|Jankowski in Batisse 1975}}. ''Spelaeophrya''.
********Tachyblastonidae {{au|Grell 1950}}. ''Tachyblaston''.
********Thecacinetidae {{au|Matthes 1956}}. ''Thecacineta''.
*******Endogenida {{au|Collin 1912}}
********Acinetidae {{au|Stein 1859}}. ''[[Biology:Acineta|Acineta]]''.
********Acinetopsidae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Acinetopsis''.
********Choanophryidae {{au|Dovgal 2002}}. ''Choanophrya''.
********Corynophryidae {{au|Jankowski 1981}}. ''Corynophrya''.
********Dactylostomatidae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Dactylostoma''.
********Dendrosomatidae {{au|Fraipont 1878}}. ''Dendrosoma''.
********Endosphaeridae {{au|Jankowski in Corliss 1979}}. ''Endosphaera''.
********Erastophryidae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Erastophrya''.
********Pseudogemmidae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Pseudogemma''.
********Rhynchetidae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Rhyncheta''.
********Solenophryidae {{au|Jankowski 1981}}. ''Solenophrya''.
********Tokophryidae {{au|Jankowski in Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''[[Biology:Tokophrya|Tokophrya]]''.
********Trichophryidae {{au|Fraipont 1878}}. ''Trichophrya''.
*******Evaginogenida {{au|Jankowski in Corliss 1979}}
********Cometodendridae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Cometodendron''.
********Cyathodiniidae {{au|da Cuhna 1914}}. ''Cyathodinium''.
********Dendrocometidae {{au|Haeckel 1866}}. ''[[Biology:Dendrocometes|Dendrocometes]]''.
********Discophryidae {{au|Collin 1912}}. ''Discophrya''.
********Enchelyomorphidae {{au|Augustin & Foissner 1992}}. ''Enchelyomorpha''.
********Heliophryidae {{au|Corliss 1979}}. ''Heliophrya''.
********Periacinetidae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Periacineta''.
********Prodiscophryidae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Prodiscophrya''.
********Rhynchophryidae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Rhynchophrya''.
********Stylocometidae {{au|Jankowski 1978}}. ''Stylocometes''.
********Trypanococcidae {{au|Dovgal 2002}}. ''Trypanococcus''.
****[[Biology:Colpodea|Colpodea]] {{au|Small & Lynn 1981}}
*****Bursariomorphida {{au|Fernández-Galiano 1978}}
******Bryometopidae {{au|Jankowski 1980}}. ''Bryometopus (P)'', ''Thylakidium''.
******Bursaridiidae {{au|Foissner 1993}}. ''Bursaridium'', ''Paracondylostoma''.
******Bursariidae {{au|Bory de St. Vincent 1826}}. ''[[Biology:Bursaria|Bursaria]]''.
*****Colpodida {{au|de Puytorac et al. 1974}}. ''Incertae sedis'': Bardeliellidae {{au|Foissner 1984}} (''Bardeliella''), Hausmanniellidae {{au|Foissner 1987}} (''Avestina'', ''Hausmanniella''), Ilsiellidae {{au|Bourland et al. 2011}} (''Ilsiella''), Pseudochlamydonellidae {{au|Buitkamp et al. 1989}} (''Hackenbergia'', ''Pseudochlamydonella'') and Marynidae {{au|Poche 1913}} (''Maryna'').
******Bryophryina {{au|de Puytorac et al. 1979}}
*******Bryophryidae {{au|de Puytorac et al. 1979}}. ''Bryophrya''.
*******Sandmanniellidae {{au|Foissner & Stoeck 2009}}. ''Sandmanniella''.
******Colpodina {{au|Foissner et al. 2011}}
*******Colpodidae {{au|Bory de St. Vincent 1826}} (P). ''[[Biology:Colpoda|Colpoda]]''.
*******Grandoriidae {{au|Corliss 1960}}. ''Grandoria''.
*******Tillinidae {{au|Foissner et al. 2011}}. ''Tillina''.
******Grossglockneriidae {{au|Foissner 1980}} [Grossglockneriina {{au|Foissner 1980}}]. ''Grossglockneria'', ''Pseudoplatyophrya''.
*****Cyrtolophosidida {{au|Foissner 1978}}
******Cyrtolophosididae {{au|Stokes 1888}}. ''Cyrtolophosis''.
******Kreyellidae {{au|Foissner 1979}}. ''Kreyella''.
*****Platyophryida {{au|de Puytorac et al. 1979}}
******Ottowphryidae {{au|Foissner et al. 2011}}. ''Ottowphrya'', ''Platyophryides''.
******Platyophryidae {{au|de Puytorac et al. 1979}} (P). ''Platyophrya''.
******[[Biology:Sagittariidae|Sagittariidae]] {{au|Grandori & Grandori 1935}}. ''[[Biology:Sagittaria|Sagittaria]]''.
******Sorogenidae {{au|Bradbury & Olive 1980}}. ''Sorogena''.
******Woodruffiidae {{au|Gelei 1954}}. ''Etoschophrya'', ''Rostrophrya'', ''Woodruffia''.
****[[Biology:Nassophorea|Nassophorea]] (P)
*****Colpodidiidae {{au|Foissner 1995}}. ''Colpodidium''.
*****Nassulida {{au|Jankowski 1967}}
******Furgasoniidae {{au|Corliss 1979}}. ''Furgasonia'', ''Wolfkosia''.
******Nassulidae {{au|de Fromentel 1874}}. ''[[Biology:Nassula|Nassula]]'', ''Obertrumia''.
*****Microthoracida {{au|Jankowski 1967}}
******Microthoracidae {{au|Wrzesniowski 1870}}. ''Drepanomonas'', ''Microthorax''.
******Leptopharyngidae {{au|Kahl 1926}}. ''Leptopharynx'', ''Pseudomicrothorax''.
****[[Biology:Prostomatea|Prostomatea]] {{au|Schewiakoff 1896}} (P)
*****Apsiktratidae {{au|Foissner et al. 1994}} [Prostomatida {{au|Schewiakoff 1896}}]
******Balanionidae {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Balanion''.
******Cryptocaryonidae {{au|Wright & Colorni 2002}}. ''[[Biology:Cryptocaryon|Cryptocaryon]]''.
******[[Biology:Colepidae|Colepidae]] {{au|Ehrenberg 1838}}. ''[[Biology:Coleps|Coleps]]'', ''Plagiopogon''.
******Holophryidae {{au|Perty 1852}}. ''Holophrya''.
******Lagynidae {{au|Sola et al. 1990}}. ''Lagynus''.
******Metacystidae {{au|Kahl 1926}}. ''Metacystis'', ''Vasicola''.
******Placidae {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Placus''.
******Plagiocampidae {{au|Kahl 1926}}. ''Plagiocampa''.
******Prorodontidae {{au|Kent 1881}}. ''Prorodon''.
******Urotrichidae {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Urotricha''.
****[[Biology:Plagiopylea|Plagiopylea]] {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}
*****[[Biology:Plagiopylida|Plagiopylida]] {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}
******Epalxellidae {{au|Corliss 1960}}. ''Epalxella'', ''Saprodinium''.
******Plagiopylidae {{au|Schewiakoff 1896}}. ''[[Biology:Plagiopyla|Plagiopyla]]''.
******Sonderiidae {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Sonderia''.
******Trimyemidae {{au|Kahl 1933}}. ''Trimyema''.
****[[Biology:Oligohymenophorea|Oligohymenophorea]] {{au|de Puytorac et al. 1974}}
*****Apostomatia {{au|Chatton & Lwoff 1928}}
******[[Biology:Apostomatida|Apostomatida]] {{au|Chatton & Lwoff 1928}}
*******[[Biology:Colliniidae|Colliniidae]] {{au|Cépède 1910}}. ''[[Biology:Collinia|Collinia]]'', ''Metacollinia''.
*******[[Biology:Cyrtocaryidae|Cyrtocaryidae]] {{au|Corliss 1979}}. ''Cyrtocaryum''.
*******[[Biology:Foettingeriidae|Foettingeriidae]] {{au|Chatton 1911}}. ''Foettingeria''.
*******Pseudocolliniidae {{au|Chantangsi et al. 2013}}. ''Fusiforma'', ''[[Biology:Pseudocollinia|Pseudocollinia]]''.
******Astomatophorida {{au|Jankowski 1966}}
*******Opalinopsidae {{au|Hartog 1906}}. ''Opalinopsis''.
******Pilisuctorida {{au|Jankowski 1966}}
*******Conidophryidae {{au|Kirby 1941}}. ''Conidophrys''.
*****Astomatia {{au|Schewiakoff 1896}}
******Anoplophryidae {{au|Cépède 1910}}. ''Anoplophrya''.
******Buetschliellidae {{au|de Puytorac in Corliss 1979}}. ''Buetschliella''.
******Clausilocolidae {{au|de Puytorac in Corliss 1979}}. ''Clausilocola''.
******Contophryidae {{au|de Puytorac 1972}}. ''Contophyra''.
******Haptophryidae {{au|Cépède 1923}}. ''Haptophrya''.
******Hoplitophryidae {{au|Cheissin 1930}}. ''Hoplitophrya''.
******Intoshellinidae {{au|Cépède 1910}}. ''Intoshellina''.
******Maupasellidae {{au|Cépède 1910}}. ''Maupasella''.
******Radiophryidae {{au|de Puytorac 1972}}. ''Radiophrya''.
*****[[Biology:Hymenostomatia|Hymenostomatia]] {{au|Delage & Hérouard 1896}}
******Tetrahymenida {{au|Fauré-Fremiet in Corliss 1956}}. ''Incertae sedis'': Trichospiridae {{au|Kahl 1926}} (''[[Biology:Trichospira|Trichospira]]'').
*******Curimostomatidae {{au|Jankowski 1968}}. ''Curimostoma''.
*******Glaucomidae {{au|Corliss 1971}}. ''[[Medicine:Glaucoma|Glaucoma]]''.
*******Spirozonidae {{au|Kahl 1926}}. ''Spirozona''.
*******[[Biology:Tetrahymenidae|Tetrahymenidae]] {{au|Corliss 1952}}. ''[[Biology:Tetrahymena|Tetrahymena]]''.
*******Turaniellidae {{au|Didier 1971}}. ''[[Biology:Colpidium|Colpidium]]'', ''Dexiostoma'', ''Turaniella''.
******Ophryoglenida {{au|Canella 1964}}
*******Ichthyophthiriidae {{au|Kent 1881}}. ''Ichthyophthirius''.
*******Ophryoglenidae {{au|Kent 1881}}. ''Ophryoglena''.
*****Peniculia {{au|Fauré-Fremiet in Corliss 1956}} (P)
******Peniculida {{au|Fauré-Fremiet in Corliss 1956}}
*******Clathrostomatidae {{au|Kahl 1926}}. ''Clathrostoma''.
*******Frontoniidae {{au|Kahl 1926}}. ''Disematostoma'', ''[[Biology:Frontonia|Frontonia]]'' (P).
*******Lembadionidae {{au|Jankowski in Corliss 1979}}. ''Lembadion''.
*******Maritujidae {{au|Jankowski in Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Marituja''.
*******Neobursaridiidae {{au|Dragesco & Tuffrau 1967}}. ''Neobursaridium''.
*******[[Biology:Parameciidae|Parameciidae]] {{au|Dujardin 1840}}. ''[[Biology:Paramecium|Paramecium]]''.
*******Paranassulidae {{au|Fauré-Fremiet 1962}}. ''Paranassula''.
*******[[Biology:Stokesiidae|Stokesiidae]] {{au|Roque 1961}}. ''[[Biology:Stokesia (ciliate)|Stokesia]]''.
******Urocentridae {{au|Claparède & Lachmann 1858}} [Urocentrida {{au|de Puytorac, Grain & Mignot 1987}}]
*****Peritrichia {{au|Stein 1859}}
******[[Biology:Sessilida|Sessilida]] {{au|Kahl 1933}}
*******Astylozoidae {{au|Kahl 1935}}. ''Astylozoon'', ''Hastatella''.
*******Ellobiophryidae {{au|Chatton and Lwoff 1929}}. ''Ellobiophrya''.
*******Epistylididae {{au|Kahl 1933}}. ''[[Biology:Epistylis|Epistylis]]''.
*******Lagenophryidae {{au|Bütschli 1889}}. ''Lagenophrys''.
*******Operculariidae {{au|Fauré-Fremiet in Corliss 1979}}. ''[[Biology:Opercularia (ciliate)|Opercularia]]''.
*******Rovinjellidae {{au|Matthes 1972}}. ''Rovinjella''.
*******Scyphidiidae {{au|Kahl 1933}} (P). ''Scyphidia''.
*******Termitophryidae {{au|Lom in Corliss 1979}}. ''Termitophrya''.
*******Usconophryidae {{au|Clamp 1991}}. ''Usconophrys''.
*******[[Biology:Vaginicolidae|Vaginicolidae]] {{au|de Fromentel 1874}}. ''[[Biology:Cothurnia|Cothurnia]]'', ''Pyxicola'', ''Thuricola'', ''Vaginicola''.
*******[[Biology:Vorticellidae|Vorticellidae]] {{au|Ehrenberg 1838}}. ''[[Biology:Carchesium (genus)|Carchesium]]'', ''Epicarchesium'' (P), ''Ophrydium'', ''Pelagovorticella'', ''Pseudovorticella'' (P), ''[[Biology:Vorticella|Vorticella]]'' (P).
*******Zoothamniidae {{au|Sommer 1951}}. ''Haplocaulus'', ''[[Biology:Zoothamnium|Zoothamnium]]''.
******[[Biology:Mobilida|Mobilida]] {{au|Kahl 1933}}
*******Polycyclidae {{au|Poljansky 1951}}. ''Polycycla''.
*******[[Biology:Trichodinidae|Trichodinidae]] {{au|Claus 1874}}. ''[[Biology:Trichodina|Trichodina]]''.
*******Trichodinopsidae {{au|Kent 1881}}. ''Trichodinopsis''.
*******Urceolariidae {{au|Dujardin 1840}}. ''Leiotrocha'', ''[[Biology:Urceolaria|Urceolaria]]''.
*****[[Biology:Scuticociliatia|Scuticociliatia]] {{au|Small 1967}} (P)
******[[Biology:Philasterida|Philasterida]] {{au|Small 1967}}
*******Cohnilembidae {{au|Kahl 1933}}. ''Cohnilembus''.
*******[[Biology:Cryptochilidae|Cryptochilidae]] {{au|Berger in Corliss 1979}}. ''[[Biology:Cryptochilum|Cryptochilum]]''.
*******Entodiscidae {{au|Jankowski 1973}}. ''Entodiscus''.
*******Entorhipidiidae {{au|Madsen 1931}}. ''Entorhipidium''.
*******Orchitophryidae {{au|Cépède 1910}} (P). ''Orchitophrya''.
*******Paralembidae {{au|Corliss & de Puytorac in Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Anophrys'', ''Paralembus''.
*******Parauronematidae {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}} (P). ''Parauronema'' (P).
*******[[Biology:Philasteridae|Philasteridae]] {{au|Kahl 1931}}. ''Kahlilembus'', ''Philaster''.
*******Pseudocohnilembidae {{au|Evans & Thompson 1964}}. ''Pseudocohnilembus''.
*******Schizocaryidae {{au|Jankowski 1979}}. ''Schizocaryum''.
*******[[Biology:Thigmophryidae|Thigmophryidae]] {{au|Chatton & Lwoff 1926}}. ''Thigmophrya''.
*******Thyrophylacidae {{au|Berger in Corliss 1961}}. ''Thyrophylax''.
*******[[Biology:Uronematidae|Uronematidae]] {{au|Thompson 1964}}. ''[[Biology:Uronema (ciliate)|Uronema]]''.
*******Urozonidae {{au|Grolière 1975}}. ''Urozona''.
******Pleuronematida {{au|Fauré-Fremiet in Corliss 1956}}
*******Calyptotrichidae {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Calyptotricha''.
*******Conchophthiridae {{au|Kahl in Doflein and Reichenow 1929}}. ''Conchophthirus''.
*******Ctedoctematidae {{au|Small & Lynn 1985}}. ''Ctedoctema''.
*******Cyclidiidae {{au|Ehrenberg 1838}} (P). ''Cristigera'', ''Cyclidium''.
*******Dragescoidae {{au|Jankowski 1980}}. ''Dragescoa''.
*******Eurystomatellidae {{au|Miao et al. 2010}}. ''Eurystomatella''.
*******Histiobalantiidae {{au|de Puytorac & Corliss in Corliss 1979}}. ''Histiobalantium''.
*******Peniculistomatidae {{au|Fenchel 1965}}. ''Peniculistoma''.
*******Pleuronematidae {{au|Kent 1881}} (P). ''Pleuronema''.
*******Thigmocomidae {{au|Kazubski 1958}}. ''Thigmocoma''.
******Thigmotrichida {{au|Chatton & Lwoff 1922}}
*******Ancistridae {{au|Issel 1903}}. ''Ancistrum''.
*******Hemispeiridae {{au|König 1894}}. ''Hemispeira''.
*******Hysterocinetidae {{au|Diesing 1866}}. ''Hysterocineta''.
*******Paraptychostomidae {{au|Ngassam et al. 1994}}. ''Paraptychostomum''.
******Loxocephalida {{au|Jankowski 1964}} (P)
*******Cinetochilidae {{au|Perty 1852}} (P). ''Cinetochilum'', ''Sathrophilus''.
*******Loxocephalidae {{au|Jankowski 1964}}. ''Cardiostomatella'', ''Dexiotricha'', ''Loxocephalus''.

====[[Biology:Rhizaria|Rhizaria]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2002}}====
*?[[Biology:Gymnosphaerida|Gymnosphaerida]] {{au|Poche 1913, emend. Mikrjukov 2000}}. ''Actinocoryne'', ''Cienkowskya'', ''[[Biology:Gymnosphaera|Gymnosphaera]]'', ''Hedraiophrys'' [possible synonym of ''Cienkowskya''], ''Wagnerella''.
*'''[[Biology:Cercozoa|Cercozoa]]'''{{efn|name=Cercozoa|Initially, [[Biology:Cercozoa|Cercozoa]] contained the clades [[Biology:Filosa|Filosa]] and [[Biology:Endomyxa|Endomyxa]]; however it has recently been synonymized with Filosa after a study found Endomyxa more closely related to [[Biology:Retaria|Retaria]].<ref name="RhizariaPhylo2018"/> The current classification places Endomyxa either as the sister clade of Retaria or as part of Retaria, even though more recent studies support the monophyly of Cercozoa as Filosa+Endomyxa again.<ref name="MonoCercozoa"/>}} {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1998, emend. Adl et al. 2005; emend. Cavalier-Smith 2018}}<ref name="RhizariaPhylo2018"/> [Filosa {{au|Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2003}}]. ''Incertae sedis'' cercozoan genera: ?''Dictiomyxa'', ?''[[Biology:Katabia|Katabia]]'', ?''Myxodictyium'', ?''Pontomyxa'', ?''Protomyxa'', ?''Protogenes'', ?''[[Biology:Pseudospora|Pseudospora]]'', ?''Rhizoplasma''.
**?Discocelia {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}} [''Discocelis'' {{au|Vørs 1988}}]
**?Psammonobiotidae* {{au|Golemansky 1974, emend. Meisterfeld 2002}}. ''Alepiella'', ''Chardezia'', ''Edaphonobiotus'', ''Feuerbornia'', ''Frenzelina'', ''[[Biology:Lesquerella|Lesquerella]]'', ''Micramphora'', ''Micropsammella'', ''Nadinella'', ''Ogdeniella'', ''Psammonobiotus'', ''Propsammonobiotus'', ''Rhumbleriella''.
**Sarcomonadea {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2018}} (P)
***[[Biology:Cercomonadida|Cercomonadida]]{{efn|name=nofam}} {{au|Poche 1913, emend. Vickerman 1983, emend. Mylnikov 1986, emend. Karpov et al. 2006; emend Howe et al. 2009; emend Cavalier-Smith 2012}} [Cercomonadidae {{au|Kent 1880, emend. Mylnikov and Karpov 2004}}; Cercobodonidae {{au|Hollande 1942}}]. ''Cercomonas'', ''Eoercomonas'', ''Filomonas'', ''[[Biology:Neocercomonas|Neocercomonas]]'', ''Cavernomonas''.
***Paracercomonadida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2018}} [Paracercomonadidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith & Karpov 2012}}]. ''Brevimastigomonas'', ''Metabolomonas'', ''Nucleocercomonas'', ''[[Biology:Paracercomonas|Paracercomonas]]'', ''Phytocercomonas''.
***Glissomonadida {{au|Howe & Cavalier-Smith 2009}} [Heteromitidae {{au|Kent 1880, emend. Mylnikov 1990, emend. Mylnikov & Karpov 2004}}]
****[[Biology:Saccharomycomorphidae|Saccharomycomorphidae]] {{au|Feng, He, Jiang, Zhang & Yu 2021}}.<ref name="Saccharomycomorpha"/> ''[[Biology:Saccharomycomorpha|Saccharomycomorpha]]''.
****Sandonidae {{au|Howe et al. 2009}}. ''Sandona'', ''Flectomonas'', ''Neoheteromita'', ''Mollimonas''.
****Dujardinidae {{au|Howe & Cavalier-Smith 2011}}. ''Dujardina''.
****Bodomorphidae {{au|Hollande 1952, emend. Cavalier-Smith in Howe et al. 2009}}. ''Bodomorpha''.
****[[Biology:Proleptomonadidae|Proleptomonadidae]] {{au|Howe et al. 2009}}. ''[[Biology:Proleptomonas|Proleptomonas]]''.
****Allapsidae {{au|Howe & Cavalier-Smith 2009}}. ''Allapsa'', ''Teretomonas'', ''Allantion''.
***[[Biology:Viridiraptoridae|Viridiraptoridae]] {{au|Hess & Melkonian 2013}}. ''[[Biology:Orciraptor|Orciraptor]]'', ''[[Biology:Viridiraptor|Viridiraptor]]''.
***Pansomonadidae {{au|Vickerman in Vickerman et al. 2005}}. ''Agitata'', ''[[Biology:Aurigamonas|Aurigamonas]]''.
**[[Biology:Sainouroidea|Sainouroidea]] {{au|Schuler et al. 2018}} [Helkesida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2018}}]
***Sainouridae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2008}}. ''Acantholus'', ''Cholamonas'', ''Homocognata'', ''Sainouron''.
***Helkesimastigidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2008}}. ''Helkesimastix''.
***Guttulinopsidae {{au|Olive 1970}}. ''Guttulinopsis'', ''Olivorum'', ''Puppisaman'', ''[[Biology:Rosculus|Rosculus]]''.
**[[Biology:Thecofilosea|Thecofilosea]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2003, emend. Cavalier-Smith 2011}}
***?''Mataza''
***[[Biology:Phaeodarea|Phaeodarea]] {{au|Haeckel 1879}} [Tripylea {{au|Hertwig 1879}}]
****Phaeoconchia {{au|Haeckel 1879}}. ''Coelodendrum'', ''Coelographis'', ''Conchellium'', ''Conchopsis''.
****Phaeocystina {{au|Haeckel 1879}}. ''Aulacantha'', ''Aulographis'', ''Cannoraphis''.
****Phaeogromia {{au|Haeckel 1879}}. ''Castanella'', ''Challengeron'', ''Haeckeliana'', ''Medusetta'', ''Tuscarora''.
****[[Biology:Phaeosphaeria|Phaeosphaeria]] {{au|Haeckel 1879}}. ''[[Biology:Aulosphaera|Aulosphaera]]'', ''Cannosphaera'', ''Sagosphaera''.
***[[Biology:Cryomonadida|Cryomonadida]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993}}
****[[Biology:Rhogostomidae|Rhogostomidae]] {{au|Dumack et al. 2017}}. ''Rhogostoma'', ''Sacciforma'', ''Capsellina''.
****Protaspidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993}} [Cryomonadidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993}}]. ''Cryothecomonas'', ''Protaspa''.
***Ventricleftida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2011}}
****Ventrifissuridae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2018}}. ''Ventrifissura''.
****Verrucomonadidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2018}}. ''Verrucomonas''.
***[[Biology:Tectofilosida|Tectofilosida]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2003}}
****Chlamydophryidae {{au|De Saedeleer, 1934}}. ''Chlamydophryse'', ''Diaphoropodon'', ''[[Biology:Lecythium|Lecythium]]'', ''Trachyrhizium''.
****Psammonobiotidae {{au|Golemansky, 1974}}. ''Micropsamella''.
****?Volutellidae {{au|Sudzuki, 1979}}. ''Pseudovolutella'', ''Volutella''.
****Fiscullina {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2018}}
*****Fiscullidae {{au|Dumack, Mausbach and Bonkowski in Dumack et al. 2017}}. ''Fisculla'', ''Omnivora''.<ref name="Omnivora"/>
*****Pseudodifflugiidae {{au|De Saedeleer 1934}}. ''[[Biology:Pseudodifflugia|Pseudodifflugia]]''.
*****Rhizaspididae {{au|Skuja 1948}}. ''Rhizaspis''.
***Ebriacea {{au|Lemmermann 1901}} [Ebriidae {{au|Poche 1913}}; Ebriida {{au|Deflandre 1936}}]. ''[[Biology:Ebria|Ebria]]'', ''Hermesinum'', ''Botuliforma''.
**[[Biology:Imbricatea|Imbricatea]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2011}}
***Spongomonadida {{au|Hibberd 1983}} [Spongomonadidae {{au|Karpov 1990}}]. ''Rhipidodendron'', ''Spongomonas''.
***Marimonadida {{au|Cavalier-Smith & Bass 2011}}
****Abolliferidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2018}}. ''Abollifer'', ''Cowlomonas'', ?''Heterochromonas''.
****Auranticordidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2018}}. ''[[Biology:Auranticordis|Auranticordis]]'', ''Rhabdamoeba''.
****Cyranomonadidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2018}}. ''Cyranomonas''.
****Pseudopirsoniidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2018}}. ''Pseudopirsonia''.
***Variglissida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2014}}
****Clautriaviidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith in Cavalier-Smith and Scoble, 2013}}. ''Clautriavia''.
****Nudifilidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith in Howe et al., 2011}}. ''Nudifila''.
****Quadriciliidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2018}}. ''Quadricilia''.
***Silicofilosea {{au|Adl et al. 2005, emend. Adl et al. 2012}}
****[[Biology:Thaumatomonadida|Thaumatomonadida]] {{au|Shirkina 1987}} [Thaumatomastigidae {{au|Patterson and Zoelfell 1991}}]
*****Thaumatomonadidae {{au|Hollande 1952}}. ''Allas'', ''Hyaloselene'', ''Reckertia'', ''[[Biology:Thaumatomonas|Thaumatomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Thaumatomastix|Thaumatomastix]]'', ''Ovaloplaca'', ''Scutellomonas'', ''Thaumatospina'', ''Penardeugenia''.
*****Peregriniidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2011}}. ''[[Biology:Gyromitus|Gyromitus]]'', ''Peregrinia''.
*****Esquamulidae {{au|Shiratori, Yabuki & Ishida 2012}}. ''Esquamula''.
****[[Biology:Euglyphida|Euglyphida]] {{au|Copeland 1956, emend. Cavalier-Smith 1997}}. ''Incertae sedis'': ''Phaeobola''.<ref name="Phaeobola" />
*****Cyphoderiidae {{au|de Saedeleer 1934}}. ''Campascus''*, ''Corythionella'', ''[[Biology:Cyphoderia|Cyphoderia]]'', ''Messemvriella''*, ''Pseudocorythion'', ''Schaudinnula''*.
*****[[Biology:Paulinellidae|Paulinellidae]] {{au|de Saedeleer 1934, emend. Adl et al. 2012}}. ''Micropyxidiella'', ''Ovulinata'', ''[[Biology:Paulinella|Paulinella]]''.
*****Euglyphina {{au|Kosakyan et al. 2016}}
******Assulinidae {{au|Lara et al. 2007}}. ''Assulina'', ''Placocista'', ''Valkanovia''*.
******Sphenoderiidae {{au|Chatelain et al. 2013}}. ''Sphenoderia'', ''Trachelocorythion'', ''Deharvengia''*.
******Trinematidae {{au|Hoogenraad & De Groot 1940, emend Adl et al. 2012}}. ''Corythion'', ''Playfairina''*, ''Puytoracia''*, ''[[Biology:Trinema|Trinema]]''.
******Euglyphidae {{au|Wallich 1864, emend Lara et al. 2007}}. ''[[Biology:Euglypha|Euglypha]]'', ''Scutiglypha''.
******''Tracheleuglypha''{{efn|name=Tracheleuglypha|There is only one molecular sequence from this genus, which causes [[Biology:Long branch attraction|long branches in gene phylogenies]], and the node is unresolved.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>}} {{au|Deflandre 1928}}
****Trivalvulariida {{au|Siemensma & Dumack 2020}}.<ref name="Trivalvulariida"/> ''Leptogromia'', ''Trivalvularis''.
**Metromonadea {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2007, emend. Cavalier-Smith 2011}}. ''Metromonas'', ''Metopion'', ''Micrometopion'', ''[[Biology:Kiitoksia|Kiitoksia]]''.
**[[Biology:Granofilosea|Granofilosea]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith & Bass 2009}}.<ref name="NovelNakedFilose"/> ''Incertae sedis'' granofilosean genera*: ?''Apogromia'', ?''Kibisidytes'', ?''[[Biology:Leucodictyon|Leucodictyon]]'', ?''[[Biology:Limnofila|Limnofila]]'', ?''[[Biology:Mesofila|Mesofila]]'', ?''Microcometes'', ?''Microgromia'', ?''[[Biology:Nanofila|Nanofila]]'', ?''[[Biology:Reticulamoeba|Reticulamoeba]]'' and probably ?''Belaria'', ?''[[Biology:Ditrema|Ditrema]]'', ?''[[Biology:Heliomorpha|Heliomorpha]]'' [=''Dimorpha''] and ?''Paralieberkuehnia''.
***Massisteridae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993}}. ''[[Biology:Massisteria|Massisteria]]'', ''[[Biology:Minimassisteria|Minimassisteria]]''.
***Clathrulinidae {{au|Claus 1874}} [Desmothoracida {{au|Hertwig and Lesser 1874}}]. ''Actinosphaeridium'', ''Cienkowskya''*, ''Clathrulina'', ''Hedriocystis'', ''Penardiophrys'', ?''Servetia''.
**Chlorarachnea {{au|Hibberd & Norris 1984}}. ''Amorphochlora'', ''[[Biology:Bigelowiella|Bigelowiella]]'', ''Chlorarachnion'', ''Cryptochlora'', ''Gymnochlora'', ''Lotharella'', ''[[Biology:Minorisa|Minorisa]]'', ''Partenskyella'', ''Viridiuvalis''.
*'''[[Biology:Endomyxa|Endomyxa]]'''{{efn|name=Cercozoa}} {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2002, emend. Bass & Berney in Adl et al. 2019}}.
**[[Biology:Vampyrellida|Vampyrellida]] {{au|West 1901, emend. Hess et al. 2012}} [Aconchulinida {{au|De Saedeleer 1934}}]. ''Incertae sedis'': ''[[Biology:Arachnula|Arachnula]]'', ''Gobiella'', ''Lateromyxa'', ''Penardia''.<ref name="Vampyrellid Amoebae"/>
***''Thalassomyxa'' {{au|Grell 1985}}
***[[Biology:Vampyrellidae|Vampyrellidae]] {{au|Zopf 1885}}. ''[[Biology:Vampyrella|Vampyrella]]''.
***Leptophryidae {{au|Hess, Sausen & Melkonian 2012}}. ''Arachnomyxa'', ''Leptophrys'', ''Planctomyxa'', ''Platyreta'', ''Pseudovampyrella'',<ref name="Pseudovampyrella">{{cite journal|vauthors=Suthaus A, Hess S|title=''Pseudovampyrella'' gen. nov.: A genus of ''Vampyrella''-like protoplast extractors finds its place in the Leptophryidae|journal=The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology|publisher=International Society of Protistologists|date=2023|volume=00|pages=e13002|doi=10.1111/jeu.13002|doi-access=free}}</ref> ''Theratromyxa'', ''Vernalophrys''.
***Placopodidae {{au|Jahn 1928}} [Hyalodiscidae {{au|Poche 1913}}]. ''Placopus''.
***Sericomyxidae {{au|More, Simpson & Hess 2021}}. ''Sericomyxa''.
**[[Biology:Phytomyxea|Phytomyxea]] {{au|Engler & Prantl 1897}}
***''Marinomyxa'' {{au|Kolátková, Čepička, Hoffman & Vohník 2021}}<ref name="Marinomyxa"/>
***[[Biology:Plasmodiophorida|Plasmodiophorida]] {{au|Cook 1928}} [Plasmodiophorales {{au|Engl. 1892}};<ref name=Engler1903/> Plasmodiophoromycota {{au|R.H. Whittaker 1969}}<ref name=whitaker5kingdoms/>]. ''[[Biology:Plasmodiophora|Plasmodiophora]]'' [''Ostenfeldiella''], ''Polymyxa'', ''Woronina'', ''[[Biology:Ligniera|Ligniera]]'' [''Anisomyxa''; ''Rhizomyxa''; ''Sorolpidium''], ''Sorosphaerula'' [''Tuburcinia''; ''Sorosporium''], ''[[Biology:Spongospora|Spongospora]]'' [''Clathrosorus''], ?''Membranosorus'', ?''Octomyxa'', ?''Polymyxa'', ?''Sorodiscus'', ?''[[Biology:Tetramyxa|Tetramyxa]]'' [''Molliardia''; ''Thecaphora''].<ref name="Cross-kingdom host shifts"/><ref name="AquaticPhycomycetes"/><ref name="StraminipilousFungi"/>
***[[Biology:Phagomyxida|Phagomyxida]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993}}. ''Phagomyxa'', ''[[Biology:Maullinia|Maullinia]]''.
**''Filoreta'' {{au|Bass & Cavalier-Smith 2009}}
**''[[Biology:Gromia|Gromia]]'' {{au|Dujardin 1835}}
**[[Biology:Ascetosporea|Ascetosporea]] {{au|Sprague 1979, emend. Cavalier-Smith 2009}}
***Haplosporida {{au|Caullery & Mesnil 1899}}. ''[[Biology:Bonamia|Bonamia]]'', ''[[Biology:Haplosporidium|Haplosporidium]]'', ''Minchinia'', ''Urosporidium''.
***[[Biology:Mikrocytida|Mikrocytida]] {{au|Hartikainen et al. 2013}}. ''Mikrocytos'', ''Paramikrocytos''.
***[[Biology:Paramyxida|Paramyxida]] {{au|Chatton 1911}}. ''[[Biology:Marteilia|Marteilia]]'', ''Paramyxa'', ''Paramarteilia'', ''Marteilioides'', ''Eomarteilia''.
***''Claustrosporidium'' {{au|Larsson 1987}}
***[[Biology:Paradiniida|Paradiniida]] {{au|Schiller 1935}}. ''Paradinium''.
*'''[[Biology:Retaria|Retaria]]''' {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2002}}
**[[Biology:Foraminifera|Foraminifera]] {{au|d'Orbigny 1826}}. ''Incertae sedis'' groups: ?''[[Biology:Lagenida|Lagenida]]'', ?''Heterogromia'', ?[[Biology:Komokiacea|Komokiacea]]*.
***[[Biology:Monothalamea|Monothalamids]] {{au|Pawlowski et al. 2013}} (P) [currently under revision].<ref name="Taxon-rich Foraminifera"/> All genera traditionally in [[Biology:Allogromiida|Allogromiida]], Astrorhizida, and the [[Biology:Xenophyophorea|Xenophyophorea]]. Genera unplaced into families: ''[[Biology:Allogromia|Allogromia]]'', ''Astrammina'', ''Crithionina'', ''Notodendrodes'', ''Psammophaga'', ''Bathysiphon''.
****''Nujappikia'' {{au|Gooday & Holzmann 2022}}<ref name="Nujappikia" />
****Allogromiidae {{au|Rhumbler 1904}}. ''Vellaria''.<ref name="Vellaria solenta"/>
****Lieberkuehniidae {{au|Siemensma et al. 2021}}.<ref name="Broad monothalamids"/> ''Lieberkuehnia'', ''Claparedellus''.
****Edaphoallogromiidae {{au|Siemensma et al. 2021}}.<ref name="Broad monothalamids"/> ''Edaphoallogromia''.
****Lacogromiidae {{au|Siemensma & Holzmann 2021}}.<ref name="Broad monothalamids"/> ''Lacogromia''.
****Limnogromiidae {{au|Holzmann & Siemensma 2021}}.<ref name="Broad monothalamids"/> ''Limnogromia''.
****Reticulomyxidae {{au|Page 1987, emend. Hülsmann 2014}}. ''[[Biology:Reticulomyxa|Reticulomyxa]]'', ''Dracomyxa'', ''Haplomyxa'',<ref name="Haplomyxa saranae"/> ''Wobo''.
****Schizamminidae {{au|Nørvang, 1961}}. ''Jullienella'', ''Schizammina'', ''Spiculosiphon''.<ref name="Spiculosiphon oceana"/>
****Velamentofexidae {{au|Völcker & Clauß 2021}}.<ref name="Broad monothalamids"/> ''Velamentofex''.
***Tubothalamea {{au|Pawlowski et al. 2012}}. {{extinct}}[[Biology:Fusulinida|Fusulinida]] {{au|Delage & Hérouard 1896}} probably belongs to this group.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>
****[[Biology:Miliolida|Miliolida]] {{au|Delage & Hérouard 1896}}. ''[[Biology:Alveolina|Alveolina]]'', ''Cornuspira'', ''Miliammina'', ''Pyrgo'', ''[[Biology:Quinqueloculina|Quinqueloculina]]'', ''Sorites''.
****[[Biology:Spirillinida|Spirillinida]] {{au|Hohenegger & Piller 1975}}. ''Patellina'', ''Spirillina''.
****Ammodiscidae {{au|Reuss 1862}}. ''[[Biology:Ammodiscus|Ammodiscus]]'', ''Glomospira''.
***[[Biology:Globothalamea|Globothalamea]] {{au|Pawlowski et al. 2012}}
****[[Biology:Rotaliida|Rotaliida]] {{au|Delage & Hérouard 1896}}
*****Planorbulinidae {{au|Schwager 1877}}. ''Planorbulinella'', ''Hyalinea''.
*****Discorboidea {{au|Ehrenberg 1838}}
******Discorbidae {{au|Ehrenberg 1838}}. ''[[Biology:Discorbis|Discorbis]]''.
******Rosalinidae {{au|Reiss 1963}}. ''Rupertina'', ''Discanomalina'', ''"[[Biology:Rosalina (foraminifera)|Rosalina]]"'', ''Gavelinopsis'', ''Planorbulina''.
*****Rotalioidea {{au|Ehrenberg 1839, emend. Pawlowski 2013}}. ''Incertae sedis'' genera: ?''Criboelphidium'', ?''"[[Biology:Elphidium|Elphidium]]"'', ?''Protelphidium''.
******Elphidiidae {{au|Galloway 1933}}. ''[[Biology:Elphidium|Elphidium]]''.
******Ammoniidae {{au|Saidova 1981}}. ''[[Biology:Ammonia (genus)|Ammonia]]''.
******Elphidiellidae {{au|Holzmann & Pawlowski 2017}}. ''Elphidiella''.
******Haynesinidae {{au|Mikhalevich 2013}}. ''Haynesina'', ''Aubignyna''.
*****Glabratelloidea {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1964}}
******Rotaliellidae {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1964}}. ''Rotaliella'', ''Rossyatella''.
******Buliminoididae {{au|Seiglie 1970}}. ''Buliminoides''.
******Glabratellidae {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1964}}. ''Glabratella'', ''Glabratellina'', ''Angulodiscorbis'', ''Planoglabratella''.
*****Calcarinoidea {{au|Schwager 1876}}
******Calcarinidae {{au|Schwager 1876}}. ''Neorotalia'', ''Baculogypsina'', ''Baculogypsinoides'', ''Schlumbergerella'', ''Pararotalia''.
*****Nummulitoidea {{au|de Blainville 1827}}
******Nummulitidae {{au|de Blainville 1827}}. ''[[Biology:Nummulites|Nummulites]]'', ''Operculinella'', ''Cycloclypeus'', ''Heterostegina'', ''[[Biology:Operculina|Operculina]]'', ''Planoperculina'', ''Planostegina''.
*****Serioidea {{au|Holzmann & Pawlowski 2017}}
******Uvigerinidae {{au|Haeckel 1894}}. ''Uvigerina'', ''Rectuvigerina'', ''Trifarina''.
******Bolivinitidae {{au|Glaessner 1937}}. ''Bolivina'', ''Brizalina'', ''Saidovina''.
******Cassidulinidae {{au|d'Orbigny 1839}}. ''[[Biology:Globocassidulina|Globocassidulina]]'', ''Cassidulinoides'', ''Evolvocassidulina'', ''Islandiella'', ''Ehrenbergina''
******Sphaeroidinidae {{au|Cushman 1927}}. ''Sphaeroidina''.
******Globobuliminidae {{au|Cushman 1927}}. ''Globobulimina''.
*****''Incertae sedis'' Rotaliida families:
******?[[Biology:Nonionidae|Nonionidae]] {{au|Schultze 1854}}. ''Nonion'', ''Nonionella'', ''Nonionellina'', ''Nonionoides''.
******?Virgulinellidae {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1984}}. ''Virgulinella''.
******?Buliminidae {{au|Jones 1875}}. ''[[Biology:Bulimina|Bulimina]]''.
******?Epistominellidae {{au|Holzmann & Pawlowski 2017}}. ''Epistominella''.
******?Stainforthiidae {{au|Reiss 1963}}. ''Stainforthia'', ''Gallitellia''.
******?Cibicididae {{au|Cushman 1927}}. ''[[Biology:Cibicides|Cibicides]]'', ''Cibicidoides'', ''Heterolepa''.
******?Chilostomellidae {{au|Brady 1881}}. ''Chilostomella''.
******?Pullenidae {{au|Schwager 1877}}. ''Pullenia''.
******?Nuttalidae {{au|Saidova 1981}}. ''Nuttalides''.
******?Discorbinellidae {{au|Sigal 1952}}. ''Discorbinella'', ''Hanzawaia''.
******?Astrononionidae {{au|Cushman & Edwards 1937}}. ''[[Biology:Astrononion|Astrononion]]''.
******?Oridorsalidae {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1984}}. ''Oridorsalis''.
******?Melonidae {{au|Holzmann & Pawlowski 2017}}. ''Melonis''.
******?[[Biology:Cymbaloporidae|Cymbaloporidae]] {{au|Cushman 1927}}. ''Cymbaloporella''.
******?Rubratelliidae {{au|Holzmann & Pawlowski 2017}}. ''Rubratella''.
******?Murrayinelliidae {{au|Holzmann & Pawlowski 2017}}. ''Murrayinella''.
****[[Biology:Globigerinida|Globigerinida]] {{au|Lankester 1885 emend. Arz, Arenillas & Gilabert 2022}}<ref name="Planktic foraminifera 2022"/> (P)
*****{{extinct}}Parvularugoglobigerinoidea {{au|Arenillas, Arz & Gilabert 2022}}
******{{extinct}}Parvularuglobigerinidae {{au|Arenillas, Arz & Gilabert 2022}}. ''Pseudocaucasina'', ''Palaeoglobigerina'', ''Parvularugoglobigerina''.
*****Eoglobigerinoidea {{au|BouDagher-Fadel 2012}}
******{{extinct}}Eoglobigerinidae {{au|Blow 1979}}. ''Alicantina'',  ''Eoclavatorella'', ''Eoglobigerina'', ''Parasubbotina'', ''Pseudoglobigerinella'', ''Subbotina'', ''Turbeogloborotalia''.
******Globoquadrinidae {{au|Blow 1979}}. ''Dentoglobigerina'', ''Globoquadrina''.
******{{extinct}}Neoacarininidae {{au|BouDagher-Fadel 2012}}. ''Neoacarinina''.
******{{extinct}}Porticulasphaeridae {{au|Banner 1982}}. ''Globigerinatheka'', ''Guembelitrioides'', ''Inordinatosphaera'', ''Orbulinoides'', ''Porticulasphaera''.
*****[[Biology:Globigerinoidea|Globigerinoidea]] {{au|Carpenter, Parker & Jones 1862}}
******Globigerinidae {{au|Carpenter, Parker & Jones 1862}}. ''Alloglobigerinoides'', ''Ciperoella'', ''[[Biology:Globigerina|Globigerina]]'', ''Globicuniculus'', ''[[Biology:Globigerinoides|Globigerinoides]]'', ''Globigerinoidesella'', ''Globoturborotalita'', ''Trilobigerina'' [''Trilobatus''], ''Zeaglobigerina''.
******Globigerinellidae {{au|BouDagher-Fadel 2012}}. ''Beella'', ''Bolliella'', ''Globigerinella'', ''[[Biology:Orcadia (protist)|Orcadia]]'', ''Protentella'', ''Quiltyella''.
******Hastigerinidae {{au|Bolli, Loeblich & Tappan 1957}}. ''Hastigerina'', ''[[Biology:Hastigerinella|Hastigerinella]]'', ''Hastigerinopsis''.
******Orbulinidae {{au|Schultze 1854}}. ''Biorbulina'', ''Candorbulina'', ''Orbulina'', ''Praeorbulina''.
******Sphaeroidinellidae {{au|Banner & Blow 1959}}. ''Prosphaeroidinella'', ''Sphaeroidinella'', ''Sphaeroidinellopsis''.
******Turborotalitidae {{au|Hofker 1976}}. ''Berggrenia'', ''Turborotalita''.
*****[[Biology:Globorotalioidea|Globorotalioidea]] {{au|Cushman 1927}}
******{{extinct}}Catapsydracidae {{au| Bolli, Loeblich & Tappan 1957}}. ''Catapsydrax'', ''Globigerinopsoides'', ''Globigerinoita'', ''Velapertina''.
******Globorotaloididae {{au|Banner & Blow 1959}}. ''Clavatorella'', ''Globorotaloides'', ''Protentelloides''.
******Globorotaliidae {{au|Cushman 1927}}. ''Dentigloborotalia'', ''Globoconella'', ''[[Biology:Globorotalia|Globorotalia]]'', ''[[Biology:Hirsutella|Hirsutella]]'', ''Jenkinsella'', ''Menardella'', ''Neogloboquadrina'', ''Paragloborotalia'', ''Truncorotalia''.
******Pulleniatinidae {{au|Cushman 1927}}. ''Pulleniatina''.
*****{{extinct}}Globanomalinidoidea {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1984}}
******{{extinct}}Globanomalinidae {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1984}}. ''Carinoturborotalia'', ''Globanomalina'', ''Luterbacheria'', ''Planoglobanomalina'', ''Turborotalia''.
*****{{extinct}}[[Biology:Hantkeninoidea|Hantkeninoidea]] {{au|Cushman 1927}}
******{{extinct}}Pseudohastigerinidae {{au|Canudo 1990}}. ''Pseudohastigerina''.
******{{extinct}}Hantkeninidae {{au|Cushman 1927}}. ''Applinella'', ''Aragonella'', ''Clavigerinella'', ''Cribrohantkenina'', ''[[Biology:Hantkenina|Hantkenina]]''.
*****{{extinct}}Truncorotaloidinoidea {{au|BouDagher-Fadel 2012}}
******{{extinct}}Globigerapsidae {{au|Blow 1979}}. ''Globigerapsis'', ''Muricoglobigerina''. 
******{{extinct}}Planorotalitidae {{au|BouDagher-Fadel 2012}}. ''Astrorotalia'', ''Planorotalites''.
******{{extinct}}[[Biology:Truncorotaloididae|Truncorotaloididae]] {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1961}}. ''[[Biology:Acarinina|Acarinina]]'', ''Igorina'', ''Morozovella'', ''Morozovelloides'', ''Pearsonites'', ''Praemurica'', ''Pseudogloboquadrina'', ''Testacarinata'', ''Truncorotaloides''.
****{{extinct}}Globotruncanida {{au|Arz, Arenillas & Gilabert 2022}}<ref name="Planktic foraminifera 2022"/>
*****{{extinct}}Abathomphaloidea {{au|Arz, Arenillas & Gilabert 2022}} 
******{{extinct}}Abathomphalidae {{au|Pessagno 1967}}. ''[[Biology:Abathomphalus|Abathomphalus]]''.
******{{extinct}}Globotruncanellidae {{au|Maslakova 1964}}. ''Globotruncanella'', ''Spinoglobotruncanella''.
*****{{extinct}}Favuselloidea {{au|Longoria 1974}}
******{{extinct}}Conoglobigerinidae {{au|BouDagher-Fadel, Banner & Whittaker 1997}}. ''Conoglobigerina'', ''Tenuigerina'', ?''Sphaerogerina''.
******{{extinct}}Favusellidae {{au|Longoria 1974}}. ''Ascoliella'', ''Favusella'', ''Koutsoukosia''.
******{{extinct}}Globuligerinidae {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1984}}. ''Compactogerina'', ''Globuligerina'', ''Haeuslerina'', ''Petaloglobigerina''.
*****{{extinct}}Hedbergelloidea {{au|Longoria & Gamper 1975}}
******{{extinct}}Ananiidae {{au|El-Nakhal 2010}}. ''[[Biology:Anania (foraminifera)|Anania]]'', ''Badriella'', ''Costellagerina'', ''Hillsella'', ''Liuenella'' [''Liuella''], ''[[Biology:Loeblichella|Loeblichella]]'', ''Muricohedbergella'', ''Paracostellagerina'', ''Pessagnoina'', ''Planohedbergella'', ''Pseudoclavihedbergella'', ''Vanhintella''.
******{{extinct}}[[Biology:Hedbergellidae|Hedbergellidae]] {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1961}}. ''Asterohedbergella'', ''Clavihedbergella'', ''[[Biology:Hedbergella|Hedbergella]]'', ''Microhedbergella'', ''Paraticinella'', ''Pseudoguembelitria''.
******{{extinct}}Helvetoglobotruncanidae {{au|Lamolda 1976}}. ''Angulocarinella'', ''Bermudeziana'', ''Bollitruncana'', ''Fingeria'', ''Hedbergellita'', ''[[Biology:Brittonella|Brittonella]]'', ''Helvetoglobotruncana'', ''Unitruncatus'', ''Whiteinella''.
******{{extinct}}Praehedbergellidae {{au|Banner & Desai 1988}}. ''Blefuscuiana'', ''Gorbachikella'', ''Praehedbergella'', ''Lilliputianella'', ''Lilliputianelloides'', ''Wondersella''.
*****{{extinct}}Globotruncanoidea {{au|Brotzen 1942}}
******{{extinct}}Globotruncanidae {{au|Brotzen 1942}}. ''Contusotruncana'', ''Globotruncana'', ''Marginotruncana'', ''Obliquacarinata'', ''Sphaerotruncana'', ''Ventrotruncana''.
******{{extinct}}Praeglobotruncanidae {{au|Ion 1983}}. ''Concavatotruncana'', ''Dicarinella'', ''Falsotruncana'', ''Rotundina'', ''[[Biology:Praeglobotruncana|Praeglobotruncana]]'', ''Verotruncana''.
******{{extinct}}Reissidae {{au|Korchagin 2001}}. ''Elevatotruncana'', ''Globotruncanita'', ''Kassabiana'', ''Radotruncana'', ''Sigalitruncana'', ''Turbotruncana''.
*****{{extinct}}Planomalinoidea {{au|Bolli, Loeblich & Tappan 1957}}
******{{extinct}}Eohastigerinellidae {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1984}}. ''Eohastigerinella'', ''Hastigerinoides''.
******{{extinct}}Globigerinelloididae {{au|Longoria 1974}}. ''Alanlordella'', ''Allotheca'', ''Biglobigerinella'', ''Blowiella'', ''Claviblowiella'', ''[[Biology:Globigerinelloides|Globigerinelloides]]'', ''Pseudoschackoina''.
******{{extinct}}Planomalinidae {{au|Bolli, Loeblich & Tappan 1957}}. ''Bannerina'', ''Planomalina'', ''Pseudoplanomalina''.
******{{extinct}}Schackoinidae {{au|Pokorný 1958}}. ''Asymetria'', ''Groshenyia'', ''Leupoldina'', ''Neoschackoina'', ''Schackoina''.
*****{{extinct}}Rotaliporoidea {{au|Sigal 1958}}
******{{extinct}}Rotaliporidae {{au|Sigal 1958}}. ''Anaticinella'', ''Pseudothalmanninella'', ''Rotalipora'', ''Thalmanninella''.
******{{extinct}}Ticinellidae {{au|Longoria 1974}}. ''Biticinella'', ''Claviticinella'', ''Ticinella''.
*****{{extinct}}Rugoglobigerinoidea {{au|Subbotina 1959}}
******{{extinct}}Helvetiellidae {{au|Longoria & Gamper 1984}}. ''Archaeoglobigerina'', ''Bucherina'', ''Dorbignya'', ''Edgarinella'', ''Gandolfia'', ''[[Biology:Gansserina|Gansserina]]'', ''Globocarinata'', ''Helvetiella'', ''Kuglerina''.
******{{extinct}}Rugoglobigerinidae {{au|Subbotina 1959}}. ''Archaeoglobitruncana'', ''Plummerita'', ''Rugoglobigerina'', ''Rugosocarinata'', ''Rugotruncana'', ''Trinitella''.
****{{extinct}}Heterohelicida {{au|Fursenko 1958, emend. Arz, Arenillas & Gilabert 2022}}<ref name="Planktic foraminifera 2022"/>
*****{{extinct}}[[Biology:Heterohelicoidea|Heterohelicoidea]] {{au|Cushman 1927}}
******{{extinct}}Gublerinidae {{au|Aliyulla 1977}}. ''Gublerina'', ''Lipsonia'', ''Praegublerina''.
******{{extinct}}[[Biology:Heterohelicidae|Heterohelicidae]] {{au|Cushman 1927}}. ''Braunella'', ''Bronnimannella'', ''Ehrenbergites'', ''Globoheterohelix'', ''Fleisherites'', ''Hartella'', ''[[Biology:Heterohelix|Heterohelix]]'', ''Huberella'', ''Laeviheterohelix'', ''Lazarusina'', ''Lunatriella'', ''Magellanina'', ''Mihaia'', ''Nederbragtina'', ''Planoheterohelix'', ''Protoheterohelix'', ''Pseudoplanoglobulina'', ''Steineckia'', ''Striataella'', ''Texasina'', ?''Bifarina'', ?''Rectoguembelina'', ?''Zeauvigerina''.
******{{extinct}}Pseudotextulariidae {{au|Maamouri & Salaj 1978}}. ''Planoglobulina'', ''Pseudotextularia'', ''Racemiguembelina''.
******{{extinct}}Pseudoguembelinidae {{au|Aliyulla 1977}}. ''Eicheriella'', ''Leptobimodalia'', ''Pseudoguembelina''.
******{{extinct}}Spiroplectidae {{au|Cushman 1911}}. ''Hendersonites'' [''Hendersonia''], ''Neohendersonites'', ''Paraspiroplecta'', ''Spiroplecta''.
******{{extinct}}Ventilabrellidae {{au|Maamouri & Salaj 1978}}. ''Planulitella'', ''Proliferania'', ''Sigalia'', ''Ventilabrella''.
****{{extinct}}Guembelitriida {{au|Arenillas, Arz & Gilabert 2022}}<ref name="Planktic foraminifera 2022"/>
*****{{extinct}}Cassigerinelloidea {{au|Bolli, Loeblich & Tappan 1957}}
******{{extinct}}[[Biology:Cassigerinellidae|Cassigerinellidae]] {{au|Bolli, Loeblich & Tappan 1957}}. ''[[Biology:Cassigerinella|Cassigerinella]]'', ''Riveroinella''.
*****{{extinct}}Guembelitrioidea {{au|Montanaro-Gallitelli 1957}}
******{{extinct}}Guembelitriidae {{au|Montanaro-Gallitelli 1957}}. ''Cassigerinelloita'', ''Guembelitria'', ''Chiloguembelitria'', ''Jenkinsina'', ?''Archaeoguembelitria'', ?''Gallitellia'', ?''Guembelitriella''.
*****{{extinct}}Chiloguembelinoidea {{au|Reiss 1963}}
******{{extinct}}Chiloguembelinidae {{au|Reiss 1963}}. ''Chiloguembelina'', ''Woodringina'', ?''Streptochilus''. 
*****{{extinct}}Globoconusoidea {{au|BouDagher-Fadel 2012}}
******{{extinct}}Globoconusidae {{au|BouDagher-Fadel 2012}}. ''Globoconusa'', ''Trochoguembelitria'',
****Order ? (unnamed)<ref name="Planktic foraminifera 2022"/>
*****Globigerinitoidea {{au|BouDagher-Fadel 2012, emend. Arenillas, Arz & Gilabert 2022}}<ref name="Planktic foraminifera 2022"/>
******Candeinidae {{au|Cushman 1927}}. ''Candeina''.
******{{extinct}}Globigerinatellidae {{au|BouDagher-Fadel 2012}}. ''Globigerinatella''.
******Globigerinitidae {{au|Bermúdez 1961}}. ''Globigerinita'', ''Mutabella'', ''Polyperibola'', ''Tinophodella''.
******Tenuitellidae {{au|BouDagher-Fadel 2012}}. ''Praetenuitella'', ''Tenuitella'', ''Tenuitellinata'', ''Tenuitellita''.
******{{extinct}}Family ? (unnamed). ''Dipsidripella'', ?''Antarcticella''.
****[[Biology:Robertinida|Robertinida]] {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1984}}. ''Hoeglundina'', ''Robertina'', ''Robertinoides''.
****[[Biology:Textulariida|Textulariida]] {{au|Delage & Hérouard 1896}} (P). ''[[Biology:Cyclammina|Cyclammina]]'', ''Eggerella'', ''Reophax'', ''[[Biology:Textularia|Textularia]]'', ''Trochammina''.
****[[Biology:Carterinida|Carterinida]] {{au|Loeblich & Tappan 1981}}. ''[[Biology:Carterina|Carterina]]''.
**[[Biology:Radiolaria|Radiolaria]] {{au|Müller 1858, sensu Adl et al. 2005}}
***[[Biology:Acantharea|Acantharea]] {{au|Haeckel 1881, emend. Mikrjukov 2000}}
****Chaunocanthida {{au|Schewiakoff 1926}}. ''Amphiacon'', ''Conacon'', ''Gigartacon'', ''Heteracon'', ''Stauracon''.
****Holocanthida {{au|Schewiakoff 1926}}. ''Acanthochiasma'', ''Acanthocolla'', ''Acanthoplegma''.
****Symphyacanthida {{au|Schewiakoff 1926}}. ''Amphilithium'', ''Astrolonche'', ''Pseudolithium''.
****Arthracanthida {{au|Schewiakoff 1926}}. ''Acanthometra'', ''Daurataspis'', ''Dictyacantha'', ''Diploconus'', ''Phractopelta'', ''Phyllostaurus'', ''Pleuraspis'', ''Stauracantha''.
***Taxopodida {{au|Fol 1883}}. ''[[Biology:Sticholonche|Sticholonche]]''.
***Polycystinea {{au|Ehrenberg 1838, emend. Haeckel 1887}}
****[[Biology:Spumellaria|Spumellaria]] {{au|Ehrenberg 1875, Haeckel 1887, emend. Riedel 1967}}. ''Actinomma'', ''Didymocyrtis'', ''Euchitonia'', ''[[Biology:Hexacontium|Hexacontium]]'', ''Hexalonche'', ''Hexastylus'', ''Octodendron'', ''Plegmosphaera'', ''Saturnalis'', ''Spongaster'', ''Spongosphaera''.
****[[Biology:Nassellaria|Nassellaria]] {{au|Ehrenberg 1875, emend. Haeckel 1887}}. ''Artostrobus'', ''Eucyrtidium'', ''Lithomelissa'', ''Pterocanium'', ''Pterocorys''.
****[[Biology:Collodaria|Collodaria]] {{au|Haeckel 1887}}. ''[[Biology:Acrosphaera|Acrosphaera]]'', ''[[Biology:Collosphaera|Collosphaera]]'', ''[[Biology:Collozoum|Collozoum]]'', ''[[Biology:Sphaerozoum|Sphaerozoum]]'', ''[[Biology:Rhaphidozoum|Rhaphidozoum]]'', ''Siphonsphaera'', ''[[Biology:Thalassicolla|Thalassicolla]]''.
****Orodaria {{au|Nakamura & Suzuki 2020}}<ref name="Orodaria"/>
*****Oroscenidae {{au|Haeckel 1887 emend. Nakamura & Suzuki 2021}} [Orosphaerida {{au|Haeckel 1887}}; Orosphaeridae {{au|Haecker 1908}}]. ''Oroscena'', ''Orostaurus'', ''Oropelex''. ''[[Biology:Nomen dubium|Nomina dubia]]'' genera: ''Orosphaera'', ''Orodictyum'', ''Orona'', ''Oronium''.
*****Thalassothamnidae {{au|Haecker 1906 emend. Nakamura & Suzuki 2021}} [Cytocladidae {{au|Schröder, 1908}}]. ''Thalassothamnus'', ''[[Biology:Cytocladus|Cytocladus]]'', ?''Triassothamnus''{{extinct}}. ''Nomen dubium'' genus: ''Conostylus''.
*Aquavolonida {{au|Bass & Berney 2018}}. ''Aquavolon'', ''Lapot gusevi''.<ref name="MonoCercozoa"/>
*Tremulida {{au|Howe et al. 2011}}. ''Tremula''.

===Haptista {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2003}}===
*'''Haptophyta''' {{au|Hibberd 1976, ex. Edvardsen & Eikrem 2000}}
**Pavlovales {{au|Green 1976}} [Pavlovophyceae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1986}}]. ''[[Biology:Diacronema|Diacronema]]'', ''[[Biology:Exanthemachrysis|Exanthemachrysis]]'', ''[[Biology:Pavlova (alga)|Pavlova]]'', ''[[Biology:Rebecca (genus)|Rebecca]]''.
**Prymnesiophyceae {{au|Hibberd 1976}}
***Prymnesiales {{au|Papenfuss 1955, emend. Edvardsen & Eikrem 2000}}. ''[[Biology:Chrysochromulina|Chrysochromulina]]'', ''Chrysocampanula'', ''[[Biology:Dicrateria|Dicrateria]]'', ''[[Biology:Haptolina|Haptolina]]'', ''[[Biology:Prymnesium|Prymnesium]]'', ''Pseudohaptolina''.
***Phaeocystales {{au|Medlin 2000}}. ''[[Biology:Phaeocystis|Phaeocystis]]''.
***Isochrysidales {{au|Pascher 1910, emend. Edvardsen & Eikrem 2000}}. ''[[Biology:Emiliania (coccolithophore)|Emiliania]]'', ''[[Biology:Gephyrocapsa|Gephyrocapsa]]'', ''[[Biology:Isochrysis|Isochrysis]]'', ''Ruttnera'', ''Tisochrysis''.
***Coccolithales {{au|Schwarz 1932, emend. Edvardsen & Eikrem 2000}}. ''Balaniger'', ''Calciosolenia'', ''[[Biology:Coccolithus|Coccolithus]]'', ''Hymenomonas'', ''[[Biology:Chrysotila|Chrysotila]]'', ''Wigwamma''.
**[[Biology:Rappephyceae|Rappephyceae]] {{au|M. Kawachi, R. Kamikawa & T. Nakayama 2021}}<ref name="Rappephyceae"/>
***Pavlomulinales {{au|M. Kawachi & I. Inouye 2021}}. ''Pavlomulina''.
*'''Centroplasthelida''' {{au|Febvre-Chevalier & Febvre 1984}} [Centrohelea {{au|Kühn 1926 sensu Cavalier-Smith in Yabuki et al. 2012}}; Centroheliozoa {{au|Dürrschmidt & Patterson 1987}}]
**?''Parasphaerastrum''.
**?Spiculophryidae {{au|Shishkin & Zlatogursky 2018}}. ''Spiculophrys''.
**Pterocystida {{au|Cavalier-Smith and von der Heyden 2007, emend. Shishkin and Zlatogursky 2018}}
***Raphidista {{au|Shishkin & Zlatogursky 2018}}
****Choanocystidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith & von der Heyden 2007}}. ''Choanocystis''.
****Raphidiophryidae {{au|Febvre-Chevalier & Febvre 1984, emend. Shishkin & Zlatogursky 2018}}. ''[[Biology:Raphidiophrys|Raphidiophrys]]''.
***Pterista {{au|Shishkin & Zlatogursky 2018}}
****Oxnerellidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2012}}. ''[[Biology:Oxnerella|Oxnerella]]''.
****Pterocystidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith & von der Heyden 2007}}. ''Pterocystis'', ''Raineriophrys'', ''Chlamydaster'', ''Pseudoraphidiophrys'', ''Pseudoraphidocystis''.
****Heterophryidae {{au|Poche 1913, emend. Cavalier-Smith & von der Heyden 2007}}. ''Heterophrys'', ''Sphaerastrum''.
**Panacanthocystida {{au|Shishkin & Zlatogursky 2018}}
***Yogsothothidae {{au|Shishkin & Zlatogursky 2018}} [Chthonida {{au|Shishkin & Zlatogursky 2018}}; Yogsothothina {{au|Shishkin & Zlatogursky 2018}}]. ''[[Biology:Yogsothoth (protist)|Yogsothoth]]''.
***Acanthocystida {{au|Cavalier-Smith & von der Heyden 2007 emend. Shishkin & Zlatogursky 2018}}
****Marophryidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith & von der Heyden 2007 emend. Shishkin & Zlatogursky 2018}} [Marophryina {{au|Cavalier-Smith in Yabuki et al. 2012}}]. ''Marophrys''.
****Chalarothoracina {{au|Hertwig & Lesser 1874 sensu Cavalier-Smith in Yabuki et al. 2012 emend. Shishkin & Zlatogursky 2018}}
*****Acanthocystidae {{au|Claus 1874 emend. Shishkin & Zlatogursky 2018}}. ''Acanthocystis''.
*****Raphidocystidae {{au|Zlatogursky 2018}}. ''Raphidocystis''.

===Cryptista {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1989, 2018, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}===

*''[[Biology:Palpitomonas bilix|Palpitomonas bilix]]'' {{au|Yabuki & Ishida 2010}}
*'''Cryptophyceae''' {{au|Pascher 1913, emend. Schoenichen 1925, emend. Adl et al. 2012}} [Cryptophyta {{au|Silva 1962}}; Cryptophyta {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1986}}]
**?''Bjornbergiella'' {{au|Bicudo 1965}}
**Cryptomonadales {{au|Pascher 1913}}. ''[[Biology:Chroomonas|Chroomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Cryptomonas|Cryptomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Falcomonas|Falcomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Geminigera|Geminigera]]'', ''[[Biology:Guillardia|Guillardia]]'', ''Hanusia'', ''[[Biology:Hemiselmis|Hemiselmis]]'', ''[[Biology:Plagioselmis|Plagioselmis]]'', ''Proteomonas'', ''[[Biology:Rhinomonas|Rhinomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Rhodomonas|Rhodomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Storeatula|Storeatula]]'', ''Teleaulax''.
**Cyathomonadacea {{au|Pringsheim 1944}}. ''[[Biology:Goniomonas|Goniomonas]]'' [previously ''Cyathomonas''], ''Hemiarma''.
**Kathablepharidacea {{au|Skuja 1939}} [Kathablepharidae {{au|Vørs 1992}}; Leucocryptea {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2004}}]. ''[[Biology:Hatena arenicola|Hatena]]'', ''Kathablepharis'', ''[[Biology:Leucocryptos|Leucocryptos]]'', ''[[Biology:Platychilomonas|Platychilomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Roombia|Roombia]]''.

==Incertae sedis Eukarya==
*''[[Biology:Meteora sporadica|Meteora sporadica]]'' {{small|Hausmann, Weitere, Wolf & Arndt, 2002}}<ref name=Meteora2002/>
===[[Biology:Hemimastigophora|Hemimastigophora]] {{au|Foissner et al. 1988}}===
*[[Biology:Spironemidae|Spironemidae]] {{au|Doflein 1916}}. ''[[Biology:Hemimastix|Hemimastix]]'', ''[[Biology:Spironema (flagellate)|Spironema]]'', ''[[Biology:Stereonema|Stereonema]]''.
*[[Biology:Spironematellidae|Spironematellidae]] {{au|Shshkin 2022}}. ''Spironematella''.<ref name="Spironematellidae">{{cite journal|first1=Yegor|last1=Shshkin|title=Spironematella terricola comb. n. and Spironematella goodeyi comb. n. (Hemimastigida = Hemimastigea = Hemimastigophora) for Spironema terricola and Spironema goodeyi with diagnoses of the genus and family Spironematellidae amended|journal=Zootaxa|date=2022|volume=5128|issue=2|pages=295–297|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.5128.2.8|pmid=36101172}}</ref>
*?''Paramastix'' {{au|Skuja 1948}}
===[[Biology:Excavata|Excavates]] (P)===
====Malawimonadida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2003}}====
*[[Biology:Malawimonadidae|Malawimonadidae]] {{au|O' Kelly & Nerad 1999}}. ''[[Biology:Gefionella|Gefionella]]'', ''[[Biology:Malawimonas|Malawimonas]]''.
*[[Biology:Imasidae|Imasidae]] {{au|Heiss, Simpson, & Kim 2020}}. ''[[Biology:Imasa|Imasa]]''.<ref name="Imasa heleensis"/>
====Metamonada {{au|Grassé 1952, emend. Cavalier-Smith 1987}}====
*?''Barthelona''
*'''Anaeramoebae'''<ref>{{citation|title=Anaeramoebae are a divergent lineage of eukaryotes that shed light on the transition from anaerobic mitochondria to hydrogenosomes|vauthors=Stairs CW, Táborský P, Salomaki ED, Kolisko M, Pánek T, Eme L, Hradilová M, Vlček Č, Jerlström-Hultqvist J, Roger AJ, Čepička I|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.010|date=December 2021|journal=Current Biology|volume=31|issue=24|pages=5605–5612|pmid=34710348 |doi-access=free}}</ref> [Anaeramoebidae {{au|Táborský, Pánek & Čepička 2017}}]. ''[[Biology:Anaeramoeba|Anaeramoeba]]''.<ref name="Anaeramoebidae">{{cite journal|first1=Petr|last1=Táborský|first2=Tomáš|last2=Pánek|first3=Ivan|last3=Čepička|title=Anaeramoebidae fam. nov., a Novel Lineage of Anaerobic Amoebae and Amoeboflagellates of Uncertain Phylogenetic Position|journal=Protist|volume=168|issue=5|date=2017|pages=495–526|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2017.07.005}}</ref>
*'''Fornicata''' {{au|Simpson 2003}}
**"Carpediemonas-like organisms" {{au|(Kolisko et al. 2010)}} (P). ''Aduncisulcus'', ''[[Biology:Carpediemonas|Carpediemonas]]'', ''Dysnectes'', ''Ergobibamus'', ''Hicanonectes'', ''Kipferlia''.
**Diplomonadida {{au|Wenyon 1926}}
***Hexamitinae {{au|Kent 1880}}. ''Enteromonas'', ''Gyromonas''*, ''Hexamita'', ''Spironucleus'', ''Trepomonas'', ''Trigonomonas''*, ''Trimitus''.
***[[Biology:Giardiinae|Giardiinae]] {{au|Kulda & Nohýnková 1978}}. ''Brugerolleia''*, ''[[Biology:Giardia|Giardia]]'', ''[[Biology:Octomitus|Octomitus]]''.
**Retortamonadida {{au|Grassé 1952}} (P). ''[[Biology:Chilomastix|Chilomastix]]'', ''[[Biology:Retortamonas|Retortamonas]]''.
**Caviomonadidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}. ''Caviomonas''*, ''Iotanema''.
*'''Parabasalia''' {{au|Honigberg 1973}}
**?''Tricercomitus''
**Trichomonadida {{au|Kirby 1947}}. ''Cochlosoma'', ''Dientamoeba'', ''Lacusteria'', ''Pentatrichomonas'', ''Pentatrichomonoides'', ''Pseudotrichomonas'', ''Pseudotrypanosoma'', ''Tetratrichomonas'', ''[[Biology:Trichomonas|Trichomonas]]'', ''Trichomonoides'', ''Trichomitopsis''.
**Honigbergiellida {{au|Čepička et al. 2010}} (P?). ''Ditrichomonas'', ''Cthulhu'', ''Cthylla'', ''Hexamastix'', ''Honigbergiella'', ''Monotrichomonas''.
**Hypotrichomonadida {{au|Čepička et al. 2010}}. ''Hypotrichomonas'', ''Trichomitus''.
**Tritrichomonadida {{au|Čepička et al. 2010}} (P?). ''Dientamoeba'', ''Histomonas'', ''Monocercomonas'', ''Parahistomonas'', ''Simplicimonas'', ''[[Biology:Tritrichomonas|Tritrichomonas]]''.
**Cristamonadida {{au|Brugerolle & Patterson 2001}}. ''Caduceia'', ''Calonympha'', ''Coronympha'', ''Deltotrichonympha'', ''Devescovina'', ''Foaina'', ''Gigantomonas'', ''Joenia'', ''Joenina'', ''Joenoides'', ''Joenopsis''*, ''Kofoidia'', ''Koruga'', ''Macrotrichomonas'', ''Macrotrichomonoides'', ''Metadevescovina'', ''Mixotricha'', ''Pachyjoenia''*, ''Projoenia''*, ''Pseudodevescovina'', ''Rhizonympha''*, ''Snyderella'', ''Stephanonympha''.
**Spirotrichonymphida {{au|Grassé 1952}}. ''Holomastigotes''*, ''[[Biology:Holomastigotoides|Holomastigotoides]]'', ''Microjoenia''*, ''Micromastigotes''*, ''Rostronympha''*, ''Spiromastigotes''*, ''Spironympha''*, ''Spirotrichonympha''*, ''Spirotrichonymphella'', ''Uteronympha''*.
**Lophomonadida {{au|Light 1927}}. ''Lophomonas''.
**Trichonymphida {{au|Poche 1913}}. ''Barbulanympha'', ''Eucomonympha'', ''Heliconympha'', ''Hoplonympha'', ''Leptospironympha'', ''Macrospironympha''*, ''Pseudotrichonympha'', ''Rhynchonympha''*, ''Spirotrichosoma''*, ''Staurojoenina'', ''Teranympha'', ''[[Biology:Trichonympha|Trichonympha]]'', ''Urinympha''.
*'''Preaxostyla''' {{au|Simpson 2003}}
**Oxymonadida {{au|Grassé 1952}}. ''Barroella'', ''Blattamonas'', ''[[Biology:Brachymonas|Brachymonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Dinenympha|Dinenympha]]'', ''Microrhopalodina'', ''[[Biology:Monocercomonoides|Monocercomonoides]]'', ''Notila'', ''Opisthomitus'', ''[[Biology:Oxymonas|Oxymonas]]'', ''Paranotila'', ''Polymastix'', ''[[Biology:Pyrsonympha|Pyrsonympha]]'', ''Sauromonas'', ''Saccinobaculus'', ''Streblomastix'', ''Tubulimonoides''.
**Trimastigidae {{au|Saville Kent 1880-1882}}. ''[[Biology:Trimastix|Trimastix]]''.
**Paratrimastigidae {{au|Zhang et al. 2015}}. ''Paratrimastix''.

====Discoba {{au|Simpson in Hampl et al. 2009}}====
*'''Jakobida''' {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993}}
**Ophirinina {{au|Yabuki, Gyaltshen, Heiss & Kim 2018}}<ref name="Yabuki et al. 2018"/>
***Agogonidae {{au|Galindo, Prokina, Torruella, López-García & Moreira 2022}}. ''Agogonia''.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Galindo LJ, Prokina K, Torruella G, López-García P, Moreira D|journal=Genome Biology and Evolution|doi=10.1093/gbe/evad058|title=Maturases and Group II Introns in the Mitochondrial Genomes of the Deepest Jakobid Branch|volume=15|issue=4|date=April 2023|pages=evad058|pmid=37029959 |pmc=10139444 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
***Ophirinidae {{au|Yabuki, Gyaltshen, Heiss & Kim 2018}}. ''Ophirina''.
**Andalucina {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}
***Andaluciidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}. ''Andalucia''.
***[[Biology:Stygiellidae|Stygiellidae]] {{au|Pánek, Táborský & Čepička 2015}}.<ref name="Pánek et al. 2016"/> ''[[Biology:Stygiella|Stygiella]]'', ''Velundella''.
**Histionina {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}. ''[[Biology:Histiona|Histiona]]'', ''[[Biology:Jakoba|Jakoba]]'', ''Moramonas'', ''[[Biology:Reclinomonas|Reclinomonas]]'', ''Seculamonas'' nomen nudum.
*'''Tsukubamonadida''' {{au|Yabuki et al. 2011}}. ''Tsukubamonas''.
*'''Heterolobosea''' {{au|Page & Blanton 1985}} [Percolozoa {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1991}}]
**Pharyngomonada {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2008}}. ''Pharyngomonas''
**Tetramitia {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993}}
***Selenaionidae {{au|Hanousková et al. 2018}}. ''Dactylomonas'', ''Selenaion''.
***Neovahlkampfiidae {{au|Hanousková et al. 2018}}. ''[[Biology:Neovahlkampfia|Neovahlkampfia]]''.
***Eutetramitia {{au|Hanousková et al. 2018}}
****[[Biology:Vahlkampfiidae|Vahlkampfiidae]] {{au|Jollos 1917}} (P). ''Fumarolamoeba'', ''Heteramoeba'', ''[[Biology:Naegleria|Naegleria]]'', ''[[Biology:Neovahlkampfia|Neovahlkampfia]]'', ''[[Biology:Paravahlkampfia|Paravahlkampfia]]'', ''[[Biology:Tetramitus|Tetramitus]]'', ''[[Biology:Vahlkampfia|Vahlkampfia]]'', ''[[Biology:Willaertia|Willaertia]]''.
****[[Biology:Gruberellidae|Gruberellidae]] {{au|Page & Blanton 1985}}. ''Gruberella''*, ''[[Biology:Stachyamoeba|Stachyamoeba]]''.
****[[Biology:Acrasidae|Acrasidae]] {{au|Poche 1913}}. ''Acrasis'', ''Allovahlkampfia'', ''Pocheina''.
****Percolomonadidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2008}}. ''[[Biology:Percolomonas|Percolomonas]]''.
****Psalteriomonadidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993}}. ''Harpagon'', ''[[Biology:Psalteriomonas|Psalteriomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Monopylocystis|Monopylocystis]]'', ''Pseudoharpagon'', ''[[Biology:Sawyeria|Sawyeria]]''.
****Stephanopogonidae {{au|Corliss 1961}}. ''[[Biology:Stephanopogon|Stephanopogon]]''.
***Creneidae {{au|Pánek et al. 2014}}. ''Creneis''.
***Tulamoebidae {{au|Kirby et al. 2015}}. ''Pleurostomum'', ''Tulamoeba''.
*'''[[Biology:Euglenozoa|Euglenozoa]]''' {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1981, emend. Simpson 1997}}
**Euglenida {{au|Butschli 1884, emend. Simpson 1997}}
***Heteronematina {{au|Leedale 1967}} (P){{efn|name=Heteronematina|There is no phylogenetic taxonomy for phagotrophic euglenids. Some possibly monophyletic taxa have been proposed that cover restricted subgroups of the phagotrophic euglenids, such as Ploeotiida (''Ploeotia'', ''Entosiphon'', ''Lentomonas'', and presumably ''Keelungia'') and Petalomonadida (''[[Biology:Petalomonas|Petalomonas]]'', ''Notosolenus'' and ''Calycimonas'', and presumably also taxa such as ''Sphenomonas''). There is a limited taxon sampling for molecular data, and many traditional genera are probably paraphyletic.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>}}. ''[[Biology:Anisonema|Anisonema]]'', ''Atraktomonas'', ''Biundula'', ''Calycimonas'', ''Decastava'', ''Dolium'', ''[[Biology:Dinema (alga)|Dinema]]'', ''Dylakosoma'', ''Entosiphon'', ''[[Biology:Heteronema|Heteronema]]'', ''Jenningsia'', ''Keelungia'', ''Lentomonas'', ''Neometanema'', ''Notosolenus'', ''Pentamonas'', ''[[Biology:Peranema|Peranema]]'', ''Peranemopsis'', ''[[Biology:Petalomonas|Petalomonas]]'', ''Ploeotia'', ''Scytomonas'', ''Serpenomonas'', ''Sphenomonas'', ''Teloprocta'', ''Tropidoscyphus'', ''Urceolus''.
***Aphagea {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993, emend. Busse & Preisfeld 2002}}. ''Astasia'' sensu stricto, ''Distigma'', ''Gyropaigne'', ''Menoidium'', ''Parmidium'', ''Rhabdomonas''.
***Euglenophyceae {{au|Schoenichen 1925, emend. Marin & Melkonian 2003}} [Euglenea {{au|Butschli 1884, emend. Busse & Preisfeld 2002}}]
****''Rapaza'' {{au|Yamaguchi et al. 2012}}
****Eutreptiales {{au|Leedale 1967, emend. Marin & Melkonian 2003}}. ''[[Biology:Eutreptia|Eutreptia]]'', ''[[Biology:Eutreptiella|Eutreptiella]]''.
****[[Biology:Euglenales|Euglenales]] {{au|Leedale 1967, emend. Marin & Melkonian 2003}}
*****Phacaceae {{au|Kim et al. 2010}}. ''[[Biology:Discoplastis|Discoplastis]]'', ''[[Biology:Lepocinclis|Lepocinclis]]'', ''[[Biology:Phacus|Phacus]]''.
*****[[Biology:Euglenaceae|Euglenaceae]] {{au|Dujardin 1841, emend. Kim et al. 2010}}. ''Ascoglena'', ''[[Biology:Colacium|Colacium]]'', ''Cryptoglena'', ''[[Biology:Euglena|Euglena]]'', ''Euglenaformis'', ''Euglenamorpha'', ''Euglenaria'', ''Euglenopsis'', ''Hegneria'', ''Klebsina'', ''Monomorphina'', ''Strombomonas'', ''[[Biology:Trachelomonas|Trachelomonas]]''.
**Diplonemea {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993, emend. Simpson 1997}}
***[[Biology:Diplonemidae|Diplonemidae]] {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}. ''[[Biology:Diplonema (excavate)|Diplonema]]'', ''[[Biology:Rhynchopus|Rhynchopus]]'', ''Lacrimia'', ''Sulcionema'', ''Flectonema''.
***Hemistasiidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2016, emend. Adl et al. 2019}}. ''Hemistasia''.
***Eupelagonemidae {{au|Okamoto & Keeling 2018}}. ''Eupelagonema''.
**Symbiontida {{au|Yubuki et al. 2009}}. ''[[Biology:Bihospites|Bihospites]]'', ''[[Biology:Calkinsia|Calkinsia]]'', ''[[Biology:Postgaardi|Postgaardi]]''.
**Kinetoplastea {{au|Honigberg 1963}}. ''Incertae sedis'' genera: ?''Bordnamonas'', ?''Cephalothamnium'', ?''Rhynchoidomonas''.
***Prokinetoplastina {{au|Vickerman in Moreira et al. 2004}}. ''Ichthyobodo'', ''[[Biology:Perkinsela|Perkinsela]]''.
***Metakinetoplastina {{au|Vickerman in Moreira et al. 2004}}
****Neobodonida {{au|Vickerman in Moreira et al. 2004}}. ''Actuariola'', ''Avlakibodo'',<ref name="Avlakibodo gracilis"/> ''Azumiobodo'', ''Cruzella'', ''[[Biology:Cryptaulax (protist)|Cryptaulax]]'', ''Dimastigella'', ''Klosteria'', ''Neobodo'', ''Phanerobia'', ''Rhynchobodo'', ''Rhynchomonas''.
****Parabodonida {{au|Vickerman in Moreira et al. 2004}}. ''[[Biology:Cryptobia|Cryptobia]]'', ''Jarrellia'', ''Parabodo'', ''Procryptobia'', ''Trypanoplasma''.
****Eubodonida {{au|Vickerman in Moreira et al. 2004}}. ''[[Biology:Bodo (excavate)|Bodo]]''.
****[[Biology:Trypanosomatida|Trypanosomatida]] {{au|Kent 1880, emend. Vickerman in Moreira et al. 2004}}. ''[[Biology:Angomonas|Angomonas]]'', ''Blechomonas'', ''[[Biology:Leptomonas|Leptomonas]]'', ''Paratrypanosoma'', ''Sergeia'', ''[[Biology:Strigomonas|Strigomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Wallaceina|Wallaceina]]'', ''[[Biology:Phytomonas|Phytomonas]]'', ''[[Biology:Trypanosoma|Trypanosoma]]''.
*****Leishmaniinae {{au|Maslov & Lukeš 2012}}. ''Borovskyia'', ''[[Biology:Crithidia|Crithidia]]'', ''[[Biology:Leptomonas|Leptomonas]]'', ''Lotmaria'', ''[[Biology:Novymonas|Novymonas]]'', ''Porcisia'', ''Zelonia'', ''Endotrypanum'', ''[[Biology:Leishmania|Leishmania]]''.

===Clades basal to Amorphea===
*'''[[Biology:CRuMs|CRuMs]]''' {{au|Brown et al. 2018}} [Varisulca {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013 emend. 2021}}; Crumalia {{au|Zmitr., Perelygin & Zharikov 2022}}]
**[[Biology:Collodictyonidae|Collodictyonidae]] {{au|Brugerolle et al. 2002, emend. Adl et al. 2019}} [Diphylleidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993}}; Diphylleida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1993}}; Diphyllatea {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2003}}, Sulcomonadidae {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013}}]. ''[[Biology:Collodictyon|Collodictyon]]'', ''[[Biology:Diphylleia (protist)|Diphylleia]]'' [''Aulacomonas''], ''Sulcomonas''.
**Rigifilida {{au|Cavalier-Smith in Yabuki et al. 2012}} [Hilomonadea {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2008 emend. 2012}}]. ''[[Biology:Micronuclearia|Micronuclearia]]'', ''[[Biology:Rigifila|Rigifila]]''.
**Mantamonadida {{au|Cavalier-Smith in Glücksman et al. 2011}} [Glissodiscea {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2013 emend. 2021}}]. ''Mantamonas''.
*'''[[Biology:Ancyromonadida|Ancyromonadida]]''' {{au|Cavalier-Smith 1998}} [Planomonadida {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2008}}; Planomonadea {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2021}}; Planomonada {{au|Cavalier-Smith 2021}}]. ''[[Biology:Ancyromonas|Ancyromonas]]'', ''Fabomonas'', ''Nutomonas'', ''Planomonas''.

===Genera of uncertain affiliation===
''[[Biology:Acinetactis|Acinetactis]]'', ''[[Biology:Actinastrum|Actinastrum]]'', ''Actinocoma'', ''Actinolophus'', ''Adinomonas'', ''Aletium'', ''Amphimonas'', ''Amylophagus'', ''Aphelidiopsis'', ''Asterocaelum'', ''Asthmatos'', ''Aurospora'', ''Barbetia'', ''Berkeleyaesol'',<ref>{{cite journal | first1 = Yegor | last1 = Shishkin | first2 = Daria | last2 = Drachko | first3 = Vasily V. | last3 = Zlatogursky | title = The smallest known heliozoans are the ''Erebor'' lineage (nom. clad. n.) inside ''Microheliella maris'' (Eukaryota, Diaphoretickes), with the amendation of ''M. maris'' diagnosis and description of ''Berkeleyaesol magnus'' gen. nov., comb. nov. (Eukaryota, ''incertae sedis'') | date = 22 April 2021 | volume = 71 | issue = 4 | journal = International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology | doi = 10.1099/ijsem.0.004776 }}</ref> ''Belaria'', ''Belonocystis'', ''Bertarellia'', ''Bertramia'', ''Bodopsis'', ''Boekelovia'', ''Branchipocola'', ''Camptoptyche'', ''Chalarodora'', ''Cibdelia'', ''Cichkovia'', ''Cinetidomyxa'', ''[[Biology:Cingula|Cingula]]'', ''Cladomonas'', ''Clathrella'', ''Codonoeca'', ''Coelosporidium''{{efn|name=Coelosporidium|Probably a synonym of the zygomycete fungus ''[[Biology:Nephridiophaga|Nephridiophaga]]''.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>}}, ''Copromonas'', ''Cyanomastix'', ''Cyclomonas'', ''Cytamoeba'', ''Dallingeria'', ''Dictyomyxa'', ''Dimastigamoeba'', ''Dinemula'', ''Dinoasteromonas'', ''Diplocalium'', ''Diplomita'', ''Diplophysalis'', ''Diploselmis'', ''Dobellina'', ''Ducelleria'', ''Ectobiella'', ''Elaeorhanis'', ''Embryocola'', ''[[Biology:Endamoeba|Endamoeba]]'', ''Endemosarca'', ''Endobiella'', ''Endomonas'', ''Endospora'', ''Enteromyxa'', ''Eperythrocytozoon'', ''Errera'', ''Fromentella'', ''Gweamonas'',<ref name="">{{cite journal|first1=Won Je|last1=Lee|date=2002|title=Some free‐living heterotrophic flagellates from marine sediments of inchon and Ganghwa Island, Korea|journal=Korean Journal of Biological Sciences|volume=6|issue=2|pages=125–143|doi=10.1080/12265071.2001.9647643|doi-access=free}}</ref> ''Gymnococcus'', ''Gymnophrydium'', ''Haematotractidium'', ''Hartmannina'', ''Heliobodo'', ''Heliomonas'', ''Hermisenella'', ''Heterogromia'', ''Hillea'', ''Hyalodaktylethra'', ''Immanoplasma'', ''Isoselmis'', ''Janickina'', ''[[Biology:Kamera (genus)|Kamera]]'', ''Lagenidiopsis'', ''Liegeosia'', ''Luffisphaera''{{efn|name=Luffisphaera|May be the same genus as ''Belonocystis''.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>}}, ''Lymphocytozoon'', ''Lymphosporidium'', ''Macappella'', ''Magosphaera'', ''Malpighiella'', ''Martineziella'', ''Megamoebomyxa'', ''[[Biology:Meringosphaera|Meringosphaera]]'', ''Microcometes'', ''Monochrysis'', ''Monodus'', ''Mononema'', ''Myrmicisporidium'', ''Naupliicola'', ''Nephrodinium'', ''Neurosporidium'', ''Orbulinella'', ''Ovicola'', ''Palisporomonas'', ''Pansporella'', ''Paradinemula'', ''Parakaryon''{{efn|It is not yet known whether this organism is an eukaryote or a prokaryote.<ref name=yamaguchi/>}}, ''Paraluffisphaera'', ''Paramonas'', ''Paraplasma'', ''[[Biology:Parastasia|Parastasia]]'', ''Parastasiella'', ''Peliainia'', ''Peltomonas'', ''Petasaria'', ''Phagodinium'', ''Phanerobia'', ''Phloxamoeba'', ''Phyllomitus'', ''Phyllomonas'', ''Physcosporidium'', ''Piridium'', ''Pleuophrys'', ''Pleuromastix'', ''Protenterospora'', ''Protomonas'', ''Pseudoactiniscus'', ''Pseudosporopsis'', ''Rhizomonas'', ''Rhynchodinium'', ''Rigidomastix'', ''Schewiakoffia'', ''Sergentella'', ''[[Biology:Serpentoplasma|Serpentoplasma]]'', ''Sphaerasuctans'', ''Spongastericus'', ''Spongocyclia'', ''Stephanomonas'', ''Strobilomonas'', ''Tetradimorpha'', ''Tetragonidium'', ''Thaulirens'', ''Topsentella'', ''[[Company:Toshiba|Toshiba]]'', ''Trichonema'', ''Urbanella''.<ref name="Adl 2019"/>

==See also==
* [[Biology:Cavalier-Smith's system of classification|Cavalier-Smith's system of classification]]
* [[Biology:Protist|Protist]]
* [[Biology:Protists in the fossil record|Protists in the fossil record]]
== Notes ==
{{notelist}}
== References ==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Strother 2021">{{Cite journal |last1=Strother |first1=Paul K. |last2=Brasier |first2=Martin D. |last3=Wacey |first3=David |last4=Timpe |first4=Leslie |last5=Saunders |first5=Martin |last6=Wellman |first6=Charles H. |date=April 2021 |title=A possible billion-year-old holozoan with differentiated multicellularity |journal=Current Biology |volume=31 |issue=12 |pages=2658–2665.e2 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.051|pmid=33852871 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Higher">{{cite journal|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0119248|journal=PLOS ONE|date=2015|title=A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms|vauthors=Ruggiero MA, Gordon DP, Orrell TM, Bailly N, Bourgoin T, Brusca RC, Cavalier-Smith T, Guiry MD, Kirk PM|volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=e0119248 |pmid=25923521 |pmc=4418965 |bibcode=2015PLoSO..1019248R |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="187Phylo">{{cite journal|vauthors=Cavalier-Smith T, Chao EE, Lewis R|title=187-gene phylogeny of protozoan phylum Amoebozoa reveals a new class (Cutosea) of deep-branching, ultrastructurally unique, enveloped marine Lobosa and clarifies amoeba evolution|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=99|date=2016|pages=275–296|issn=1055-7903|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.023|pmid=27001604 |s2cid=11704908 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name=Meteora2002>{{cite journal|doi=10.1078/0932-4739-00872|title=''Meteora sporadica'' gen. nov. et sp. nov. (Protista incertae sedis) – an extraordinary free-living protist from the Mediterranean deep sea|journal=Eur. J. Protistol.
|volume=38|pages=171–177|date=2002|vauthors=Hausmann K, Weitere M, Wolf M, Arndt H|issue=2 }}</ref>

<ref name="Tice2016">{{cite journal|vauthors=Tice AK, Shadwick LL, Fiore-Donno AM, etal.|title=Expansion of the molecular and morphological diversity of Acanthamoebidae (Centramoebida, Amoebozoa) and identification of a novel life cycle type within the group|journal=Biol Direct|volume=11|page=69 |date=2016|issue=1 |doi=10.1186/s13062-016-0171-0|pmid=28031045 |pmc=5192571 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Divosa">{{cite journal|vauthors=Tekle YI, Wang F, Wood FC, Anderson OR, Smirnov A|title=New insights on the evolutionary relationships between the major lineages of Amoebozoa|journal=Sci Rep|volume=12|number=11173|date=2022|page=11173 |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-15372-7|pmid=35778543 |pmc=9249873 |bibcode=2022NatSR..1211173T |s2cid=247231712 }}</ref>

<ref name="Rappephyceae">{{cite journal |last1=Kawachi |first1=Masanobu |last2=Nakayama |first2=Takuro |last3=Kayama |first3=Motoki |last4=Nomura |first4=Mami |last5=Miyashita |first5=Hideaki |last6=Bojo |first6=Othman |last7=Rhodes |first7=Lesley |last8=Sym |first8=Stuart |last9=Pienaar |first9=Richard N. |last10=Probert |first10=Ian |last11=Inouye |first11=Isao |last12=Kamikawa |first12=Ryoma |title=Rappemonads are haptophyte phytoplankton |journal=Current Biology |date=June 2021 |volume=31 |issue=11 |pages=2395–2403.e4 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.012 |pmid=33773100 |s2cid=232369943 |url=https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03266526/file/1-s2.0-S0960982221003511-main.pdf }}</ref> 

<ref name=Smirnov2017>{{cite journal|first1=Alexey |last1=Smirnov|first2=Elena |last2=Nassonova|first3=Stefan |last3=Geisen|first4=Michael |last4=Bonkowski|first5=Alexander|last5=Kudryavtsev|first6=Cedric |last6=Berney|first7=Anna |last7=Glotova|first8=Natalya |last8=Bondarenko|first9=Iva |last9=Dyková|first10=Martin |last10=Mrva|first11=Jose |last11=Fahrni|first12=Jan |last12=Pawlowski|title=Phylogeny and Systematics of Leptomyxid Amoebae (Amoebozoa, Tubulinea, Leptomyxida)|journal=Protist|volume=168|issue=2|date=2017|pages=220–252|issn=1434-4610|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2016.10.006|pmid=28343121 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1434461016300670}}</ref>

<ref name="ReviewCryptodifflugia">{{cite journal|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4282.2.4|journal=Zootaxa|date=2017|volume=4282|issue=2|pages=292–308|title=A review of testate amoeba genus Cryptodifflugia Penard, 1890 (Phryganellina: Cryptodifflugiidae) with a key to species|first1=Anatoly|last1=Bobrov|first2=Yuri|last2=Mazei}}</ref>

<ref name="Arcellinida2022">{{cite journal|first1=Rubén |last1=González-Miguéns|first2=Milcho |last2=Todorov|first3=Quentin |last3=Blandenier|first4=Clément |last4=Duckert|first5=Alfredo L. |last5=Porfirio-Sousa|first6=Giulia M. |last6=Ribeiro|first7=Diana |last7=Ramos|first8=Daniel J.G.|last8=Lahr|first9=David|last9=Buckley|first10=Enrique|last10=Lara|title=Deconstructing Difflugia: The tangled evolution of lobose testate amoebae shells (Amoebozoa: Arcellinida) illustrates the importance of convergent evolution in protist phylogeny|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=175|date=2022|page=107557|issn=1055-7903|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107557|pmid=35777650 |doi-access=free|hdl=10261/281619|hdl-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Myxomycetes">{{cite journal|title=Towards a phylogenetic classification of the Myxomycetes|first1=Dmitry V|last1=Leontyev|first2=Martin|last2=Schnittler|first3=Steven L|last3=Stephenson|first4=Yuri K|last4=Novozhilov|first5=Oleg N|last5=Shchepin|doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.399.3.5|volume=399|issue=3|date=March 2019|journal=Phytotaxa|page=209 |s2cid=108783142 |url=https://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.399.3.5}}</ref>

<ref name="ChoanoEvo">{{cite journal|volume=30|issue=22|date=2020|pages=4500–4509|vauthors=Tikhonenkov DV, Mikhailov KV, Hehenberger E, Mylnikov AP, Aleoshin VV, Keeling PJ, etal.|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.061|journal=Current Biology|title=New Lineage of Microbial Predators Adds Complexity to Reconstructing the Evolutionary Origin of Animals|pmid=32976804 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="8phyla">{{cite journal|title=Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences|first1=Thomas|last1=Cavalier-Smith|date=2017|journal=Protoplasma|pages=297–357|volume=255|issue=1 |doi=10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3|pmid=28875267 |pmc=5756292 }}</ref>

<ref name="NovelNakedFilose">{{cite journal|vauthors=Bass D, Chao EE, Nikolaev S, Yabuki A, Ishida KI, Berney C, Pakzad U, Wylezich C, Cavalier-Smith T|title=Phylogeny of Novel Naked Filose and Reticulose Cercozoa: Granofilosea cl. n. and Proteomyxidea Revised|journal=Protist|volume=160|issue=1|date=2009|pages=75–109|issn=1434-4610|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2008.07.002|pmid=18952499}}</ref>

<ref name="RhizariaPhylo2018">{{cite journal|title=Multigene phylogeny and cell evolution of chromist infrakingdom Rhizaria: contrasting cell organisation of sister phyla Cercozoa and Retaria|first1=Thomas|last1=Cavalier-Smith|first2=Ema E.|last2=Chao|first3=Rhodri|last3=Lewis|date=April 2018|journal=Protoplasma|volume=255|issue=5 |pages=1517–1574|doi=10.1007/s00709-018-1241-1|pmid=29666938|pmc=6133090}}</ref>

<ref name="MonoCercozoa">{{Cite journal|date=2019-01-01|title=Phylogenomics supports the monophyly of the Cercozoa|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|language=en|volume=130|pages=416–423|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2018.09.004|pmid=30318266|issn=1055-7903|last1=Irwin|first1=Nicholas A.T.|last2=Tikhonenkov|first2=Denis V.|last3=Hehenberger|first3=Elisabeth|last4=Mylnikov|first4=Alexander P.|last5=Burki|first5=Fabien|last6=Keeling|first6=Patrick J.|s2cid=52982396}}</ref>

<ref name=Engler1903>{{cite book|title=Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien: eine Übersicht über das gesamte Pflanzensystem mit Berücksichtigung der Medicinal- und Nutzpflanzen nebst einer Übersicht über die Florenreiche und Florengebiete der Erde zum Gebrauch bei Vorlesungen und Studien über specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik|vauthors=Engler A|year=1903 |publisher=Borntraeger|publication-date=1903|edition=3rd|doi=10.5962/bhl.title.22956|publication-place=Berlin}}</ref>

<ref name="Incisomonas">{{cite journal|title=Phylogeny of Heterokonta: ''Incisomonas marina'', a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to ''Solenicola'' (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes|first1=Thomas|last1=Cavalier-Smith|first2=Josephine Margaret|last2=Scoble|date=2013|journal=European Journal of Protistology|volume=49|issue=3 |pages=328–353|doi=10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002|pmid=23219323 }}</ref>

<ref name="firstMAST6">{{cite journal|first1=Takashi|last1=Shiratori|first2=Rabindra|last2=Thakur|first3=Ken-ichiro|last3=Ishida|title=Pseudophyllomitus vesiculosus (Larsen and Patterson 1990) Lee, 2002, a Poorly Studied Phagotrophic Biflagellate is the First Characterized Member of Stramenopile Environmental Clade MAST-6|journal=Protist|volume=168|issue=4|date=2017|pages=439–451|issn=1434-4610|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2017.06.004|pmid=28822908 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1434461017300561}}</ref>

<ref name="Chrysocystaceae">{{cite journal|first1=Kwi Young|last1=Han|first2=Louis|last2=Graf|first3=Carolina P.|last3=Reyes|first4=Barbara|last4=Melkonian|first5=Robert A.|last5=Andersen|first6=Hwan Su|last6=Yoon|first7=Michael|last7=Melkonian|title=A Re-investigation of Sarcinochrysis marina (Sarcinochrysidales, Pelagophyceae) from its Type Locality and the Descriptions of Arachnochrysis, Pelagospilus, Sargassococcus and Sungminbooa genera nov.|journal=Protist|volume=169|issue=1|date=2018|pages=79–106|issn=1434-4610|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2017.12.004|pmid=29427838 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1434461017301098}}</ref>

<ref name="Florenciellales">{{cite journal|title=Verrucophora farcimen gen. et sp. nov. (Dictyochophyceae, Heterokonta)—a bloom-forming ichthyotoxic flagellate from the Skagerrak, Norway|author=Bente Edvardsen |author2=Wenche Eikrem |author3=Kamran Shalchian-Tabrizi |author4=Ingvild Riisberg |author5=Geir Johnsen |author6=Lars Naustvoll |author7=Jahn Throndsen |journal=Journal of Phycology|volume=43|issue=5|pages=1054–1070|doi=10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00390.x|doi-access=free|date=15 September 2007|hdl=10852/11590|hdl-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Olisthodiscophyceae">{{cite journal|title=Olisthodiscus represents a new class of Ochrophyta|author=Dovilė Barcytė |author2=Wenche Eikrem |author3=Anette Engesmo |author4=Sergio Seoane |author5=Jens Wohlmann |author6=Aleš Horák |author7=Tatiana Yurchenko |author8=Marek Eliáš |doi=10.1111/jpy.13155|doi-access=free|date=2 March 2021|volume=57|issue=4|journal=Journal of Phycology|pages=1094–1118 |pmid=33655496 |hdl=10852/86515|hdl-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Chrysoparadoxophyceae">{{cite journal|vauthors=Wetherbee R, Jackson CJ, Repetti SI, Clementson LA, Costa JF, van de Meene A, Crawford S, Verbruggen H|title=The golden paradox - a new heterokont lineage with chloroplasts surrounded by two membranes|journal=J Phycol|date=April 2019|volume=55|issue=2|pages=257–278|doi=10.1111/jpy.12822|pmid=30536815|hdl=11343/233613 |s2cid=54477112 |hdl-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Phaeosacciophyceae">{{cite journal|vauthors=Graf L, Yang EC, Han KY, Küpper FC, Benes KM, Oyadomari JK, ((Herbert RJH)), Verbruggen H, Wetherbee R, Andersen RA, Yoon HS|title=Multigene Phylogeny, Morphological Observation and Re-examination of the Literature Lead to the Description of the Phaeosacciophyceae Classis Nova and Four New Species of the Heterokontophyta SI Clade|journal=Protist|date=December 2020|volume=171|issue=6|page=125781|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2020.125781|pmid=33278705|s2cid=227315556 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Marinomyxa">{{cite journal|vauthors=Kolátková V, Čepička I, Hoffman R, etal.|title=Marinomyxa Gen. Nov. Accommodates Gall-Forming Parasites of the Tropical to Subtropical Seagrass Genus Halophila and Constitutes a Novel Deep-Branching Lineage Within Phytomyxea (Rhizaria: Endomyxa)|journal=Microb Ecol|volume=81|pages=673–686|date=2021|issue=3 |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00248-020-01615-5|doi=10.1007/s00248-020-01615-5|pmid=33021677 |s2cid=222148939 }}</ref>

<ref name=yamaguchi>{{cite journal|vauthors=Yamaguchi M, Mori Y, Kozuka Y, Okada H, Uematsu K, Tame A, Furukawa H, Maruyama T, Worman CO, Yokoyama K |title=Prokaryote or eukaryote? A unique microorganism from the deep sea.|journal=J Electron Microsc (Tokyo)|year=2012|volume=61|issue=6|pages=423–431|doi=10.1093/jmicro/dfs062|pmid=23024290}}</ref>

<ref name="EUBAC">{{citation|vauthors=Derelle R, Torruella G, Klimeš V, Brinkmann H, Kim E, Vlček Č, Lang BF, Eliáš M|title=Bacterial proteins pinpoint a single eukaryotic root|journal=Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A|date=2015|volume=112|issue=7|pages=E693–699|doi=10.1073/pnas.1420657112|pmid=25646484|pmc=4343179|bibcode=2015PNAS..112E.693D |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="OrphanProtistanLineages">{{citation|vauthors=Brown MW, etal|title=Phylogenomics Places Orphan Protistan Lineages in a Novel Eukaryotic Super-Group|journal=Genome Biology and Evolution|volume=10|issue=2|pages=427–433|doi=10.1093/gbe/evy014|date=2018|pmid=29360967 |pmc=5793813 }}</ref>

<ref name="Provora">{{cite journal |title=Microbial predators form a new supergroup of eukaryotes |year=2022 |last1=Tikhonenkov |first1=Denis V. |last2=Mikhailov |first2=Kirill V. |last3=Gawryluk |first3=Ryan M. R. |last4=Belyaev |first4=Artem O. |last5=Mathur |first5=Varsha |last6=Karpov |first6=Sergey A. |last7=Zagumyonnyi |first7=Dmitry G. |last8=Borodina |first8=Anastasia S. |last9=Prokina |first9=Kristina I. |last10=Mylnikov |first10=Alexander P. |last11=Aleoshin |first11=Vladimir V. |last12=Keeling |first12=Patrick J. |journal=Nature |volume=612 |issue=7941 |pages=714–719 |doi=10.1038/s41586-022-05511-5 |pmid=36477531|bibcode=2022Natur.612..714T |s2cid=254436650 }}</ref>

<ref name="Adl 2019">{{cite journal|vauthors=Adl SM, Bass D, Lane CE, Lukeš J, Schoch CL, Smirnov A, Agatha S, Berney C, Brown MW, Burki F, Cárdenas P, Čepička I, Chistyakova L, del Campo J, Dunthorn M, Edvardsen B, Eglit Y, Guillou L, Hampl V, Heiss AA, Hoppenrath M, James TY, Karnkowska A, Karpov S, Kim E, Kolisko M, Kudryavtsev A, ((Lahr DJG)), Lara E, Le Gall L, Lynn DH, Mann DG, Massana R, ((Mitchell EAD)), Morrow C, Park JS, Pawlowski JW, Powell MJ, Richter DJ, Rueckert S, Shadwick L, Shimano S, Spiegel FW, Torruella G, Youssef N, Zlatogursky V, Zhang Q|year=2019|title=Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes|journal=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology|volume=66|issue=1 |pages=4–119|doi=10.1111/jeu.12691|pmid=30257078 |pmc=6492006 }}</ref>

<ref name="BetweenPod">{{cite journal|first1=Seungho|last1=Kang|first2=Alexander K |last2=Tice|first3=Frederick W |last3=Spiegel|first4=Jeffrey D |last4=Silberman|first5=Tomáš |last5=Pánek|first6=Ivan |last6=Čepička|first7=Martin |last7=Kostka|first8=Anush |last8=Kosakyan|first9=Daniel M C |last9=Alcântara|first10=Andrew J |last10=Roger|first11=Lora L |last11=Shadwick|first12=Alexey |last12=Smirnov|first13=Alexander |last13=Kudryavtsev|first14=Daniel J G |last14=Lahr|first15=Matthew W |last15=Brown|title=Between a Pod and a Hard Test: The Deep Evolution of Amoebae|journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution|volume=34|issue=9|date=September 2017|pages=2258–2270|pmid=28505375|pmc=5850466|doi=10.1093/molbev/msx162}}</ref>

<ref name=whitaker5kingdoms>{{cite journal | vauthors = Whittaker RH | title = New concepts of kingdoms or organisms. Evolutionary relations are better represented by new classifications than by the traditional two kingdoms | journal = Science | volume = 163 | issue = 3863 | pages = 150–160 | date = January 1969 | pmid = 5762760 | doi = 10.1126/science.163.3863.150 | bibcode = 1969Sci...163..150W | citeseerx = 10.1.1.403.5430 }}</ref>

<ref name="Mycamoeba">{{cite journal|doi=10.1111/jeu.12357|date=2016|title=Mycamoeba gemmipara nov. gen., nov. sp., the First Cultured Member of the Environmental Dermamoebidae Clade LKM74 and its Unusual Life Cycle|vauthors=Blandenier Q, ((Seppey CVW)), Singer D, Vlimant M, Simon A, Duckert C, Lara E|journal=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology|volume=64|issue=2 |pages=257–265|pmid=27543384 |s2cid=4665573 |url=http://doc.rero.ch/record/288438/files/Blandenier_Q.-Mycamoeba-20170419.pdf }}</ref>

<ref name="Phylogenomics of Thecamoebida">{{cite journal|vauthors=Melton JT, Wood FC, Branch J, Singla M, Tekle YI|title=Phylogenomics of Thecamoebida (Discosea, Amoebozoa) with the Description of Stratorugosa tubuloviscum gen. nov. sp. nov., a Freshwater Amoeba with a Perinuclear MTOC|journal=Protist|volume=170|issue=1|date=2019|pages=8–20|issn=1434-4610|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2018.09.002|pmid=30553127 |s2cid=56174714 }}</ref>

<ref name="Thecochaos is not a myth">{{cite journal|title=Thecochaos is not a myth: study of the genus Thecochaos (Amoebozoa, Discosea) – a rediscovered group of lobose amoeba, with short SSU gene|vauthors=Mesentsev Y, Bondarenko N, Kamyshatskaya O, Nassonova E, Glotova A, Loiko S, Istigechev G, Kulemzina A, Abakumov E, Rayko M, Lapidus A, Smirnov A|date=2023|journal=Organisms Diversity & Evolution|volume=23|pages=7–24|doi=10.1007/s13127-022-00581-9|s2cid=251658030 }}</ref>

<ref name="plastid genomes from glaucophyta">{{cite journal|vauthors=Figueroa-Martinez F, Jackson C, Reyes-Prieto R|title=Plastid Genomes from Diverse Glaucophyte Genera Reveal a Largely Conserved Gene Content and Limited Architectural Diversity|journal=Genome Biology and Evolution|volume=11|issue=1|date=January 2019|pages=174–188|doi=10.1093/gbe/evy268|pmid=30534986 |pmc=6330054 }}</ref>

<ref name="Trivalvulariida">{{cite journal|vauthors=Siemensma F, Dumack K|title=SSU rDNA Phylogeny Indicates the Scale-lacking Trivalvulariida ord. nov. as a Sister Group to the Euglyphida (Cercozoa, Rhizaria)|journal=Protist|volume=171|issue=1|date=2020|page=125701|issn=1434-4610|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2019.125701|pmid=31955058 |s2cid=210829787 }}</ref>

<ref name="Txikispora">{{cite journal|vauthors=Urrutia A, Mitsi K, Foster R, Ross S, Carr M, Ward GM, etal.|date=2022|title=Txikispora philomaios n. sp., n. g., a micro-eukaryotic pathogen of amphipods, reveals parasitism and hidden diversity in Class Filasterea|journal=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology|volume=69|issue=2 |pages=e12875|doi=10.1111/jeu.12875|pmid=34726818 |s2cid=240422937 |url=https://pure.hud.ac.uk/en/publications/1dd4e1c5-f638-48cf-ab99-95c9c90636a1 }}</ref>

<ref name="StraminipilousFungi">{{cite book|title=Straminipilous Fungi: Systematics of the Peronosporomycetes Including Accounts of the Marine Straminipilous Protists, the Plasmodiophorids and Similar Organisms|date=2001|doi=10.1007/978-94-015-9733-3|publisher=Springer Dordrecht|isbn=978-94-015-9733-3|edition=1|first1=Michael W. |last1=Dick|s2cid=28755980 }}</ref>

<ref name="AquaticPhycomycetes">{{cite book|vauthors=Sparrow FK|date=1960|title=Aquatic Phycomycetes|series=University of Michigan studies, Scientific series, v. 15|publisher=Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press|doi=10.5962/bhl.title.5685|lccn=59011269|oclc=1362167|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/5685 }}</ref>

<ref name="Cross-kingdom host shifts">{{cite journal|vauthors=Neuhauser S, Kirchmair M, Bulman S, etal.|title=Cross-kingdom host shifts of phytomyxid parasites|journal=BMC Evol Biol|volume=14|number=33|date=23 February 2014|page=33 |pmid=24559266|doi=10.1186/1471-2148-14-33|pmc=4016497|doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Orodaria">{{cite journal|vauthors=Nakamura Y, Tuji A, Kimoto K, Yamaguchi A, Hori RS, Suzuki N|title=Ecology, Morphology, Phylogeny and Taxonomic Revision of Giant Radiolarians, Orodaria ord. nov. (Radiolaria; Rhizaria; SAR)|journal=Protist|volume=172|issue=3|date=2020|page=125808|issn=1434-4610|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2021.125808|pmid=34186475 |s2cid=235686052 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Taxon-rich Foraminifera">{{cite journal|vauthors=Sierra R, Mauffrey F, Cruz J, Holzmann M, Gooday AJ, Maurer-Alcalá X, Thakur R, Greco M, ((Weiner AKM)), Katz LA, Pawlowski J|title=Taxon-rich transcriptomics supports higher-level phylogeny and major evolutionary trends in Foraminifera|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=174|date=2022|number=107546|page=107546 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107546|pmid=35690380 |s2cid=249608315 |url=http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/532865/1/1-s2.0-S1055790322001592-main.pdf }}</ref>

<ref name="Namurian">{{cite journal|title=Namurian Thecamoebina from the Ostrava-Karviná Coal District|first1=Miloslav|last1=Vašíček|first2=Bohuslav|last2=Růžička|journal=Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae|volume=13B |date=1957|issue=5|pages=333–340|url=https://publikace.nm.cz/en/periodicals/fiamnpsbhn/13-5/namurian-thecamoebina-from-the-ostrava-karvina-coal-district-namurske-thecamoeby-z-ostravsko-karvinskeho-reviru}}</ref>

<ref name="Saccharomycomorpha">{{cite journal|first1=Jian-Ju|last1=Feng|first2=Chen-Yang|last2=He|first3=Shu-Hua|last3=Jiang|first4=Tao|last4=Zhang|first5=Li-Yan|last5=Yu|title=Saccharomycomorpha psychra n. g., n. sp., a Novel Member of Glissmonadida (Cercozoa) Isolated from Arctic and Antarctica|journal=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology|volume=68|issue=3|date=2021|pages=e12840 |doi=10.1111/jeu.12840|pmid=33448091 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Legendrea">{{cite journal | doi=10.1016/j.protis.2022.125912 | title=The Extraordinarily Rare Ciliate Legendrea loyezae Fauré-Fremiet, 1908 (Haptoria, Ciliophora) | year=2022 | last1=Weiss | first1=James | last2=Andreou | first2=Demetra | last3=Esteban | first3=Genoveva F. | journal=Protist | volume=173 | issue=6 | page=125912 | pmid=36242851 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Phaeobola">{{cite journal|vauthors=Dumack K, Duckert C, Meinhardt R, Lara E, Bonkowski M|date=2021|title=Description of Phaeobola aeris gen. nov., sp. nov (Rhizaria, Cercozoa, Euglyphida) Sheds Light on Euglyphida's Dark Matter|journal=J. Eukaryot. Microbiol.|volume=68|issue=2 |pages=e12835|doi=10.1111/jeu.12835|pmid=33222324 |s2cid=227135214 |hdl=10261/255052|hdl-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Omnivora">{{cite journal|vauthors=Dumack K, Pundt J, Bonkowski M|date=2020|title=Transfer of the Thecate Amoeba Lecythium mutabilis to a Novel Genus Omnivora (Fiscullidae, Thecofilosea, Cercozoa)|journal=J. Eukaryot. Microbiol.|volume=67|issue=2 |pages=245–251|doi=10.1111/jeu.12778|pmid=31808200 |s2cid=208768245 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Planktic foraminifera 2022">{{cite journal|title=An updated suprageneric classification of planktic foraminifera after growing evidence of multiple benthic-planktic transitions|journal=Spanish Journal of Palaeontology|volume=37|issue=1|pages=1–34|date=2022|publisher=Sociedad Española de Paleontología|issn=2255-0550|doi=10.7203/sjp.22189|vauthors=Arenillas I, Arz JA, Gilabert V|doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Broad monothalamids">{{cite journal|vauthors=Siemensma F, Holzmann M, Apothéloz-Perret-Gentil L, Clauß S, Voelcker E, Bettighofer W, etal.|title=Broad sampling of monothalamids (Rhizaria, Foraminifera) gives further insight into diversity of non-marine Foraminifera|journal=European Journal of Protistology|date=2021|volume=77|page=125744|doi=10.1016/j.ejop.2020.125744|pmid=33191053 |s2cid=225144520 }}</ref>

<ref name="Nujappikia">{{cite journal|vauthors=Gooday AJ, Holzmann M, Schwarzgruber E, Cedhagen T, Pawlowski J|title=Morphological and molecular diversity of monothalamids (Rhizaria, Foraminifera), including two new species and a new genus, from SW Greenland|journal=European Journal of Protistology|date=2022|volume=86|page=125932|doi=10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125932|pmid=36347189 }}</ref>

<ref name="Yabuki et al. 2018">{{cite journal|vauthors=Yabuki A, Gyaltshen Y, Heiss AA, Fujikura K, Kim E|title=Ophirina amphinema n. gen., n. sp., a New Deeply Branching Discobid with Phylogenetic Affinity to Jakobids|journal=Sci Rep|date=2018|volume=8|issue=1|page=16219|doi=10.1038/s41598-018-34504-6|pmid=30385814|pmc=6212452|bibcode=2018NatSR...816219Y }}</ref>

<ref name="Expanding Apusomonadida">{{cite journal|vauthors=Torruella G, Galindo LJ, Moreira D, Ciobanu M, Heiss AA, Yubuki N, etal.|date=2022|title=Expanding the molecular and morphological diversity of Apusomonadida, a deep-branching group of gliding bacterivorous protists|journal=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology|volume=70 |issue=2 |pages=e12956|doi=10.1111/jeu.12956|pmid=36453005 |s2cid=253460648 }}</ref>

<ref name="Revision Placididea">{{cite journal|vauthors=Rybarski AE, Nitsche F, Park JS, Filz P, Schmidt P, Kondo R, ((Simpson AGB)), Arndt H|title=Revision of the phylogeny of Placididea (Stramenopiles): Molecular and morphological diversity of novel placidid protists from extreme aquatic environments|journal=European Journal of Protistology|volume=81|date=2021|page=125809|issn=0932-4739|doi=10.1016/j.ejop.2021.125809|pmid=34673437 |s2cid=236377023 }}</ref>

<ref name="Toward modern Eustigmatophytes">{{cite journal|vauthors=Amaral R, Fawley KP, Němcová Y, Ševčíková T, Lukešová A, Fawley MW, ((Santos LMA)), Eliáš M|title=Toward Modern Classification of Eustigmatophytes, Including the Description of Neomonodaceae Fam. Nov. and Three New Genera|journal=Journal of Phycology|volume=56|issue=3|pages=630–648|year=2020|doi=10.1111/jpy.12980|pmid=32068883 |pmc=7987219}}</ref>

<ref name="Imasa heleensis">{{cite journal|vauthors=Heiss AA, Warring SD, Lukacs K, Favate J, Yang A, Gyaltshen Y, Filardi C, ((Simpson AGB)), Kim E|date=2021|title=Description of Imasa heleensis, gen. nov., sp. nov. (Imasidae, fam. nov.), a Deep-Branching Marine Malawimonad and Possible Key Taxon in Understanding Early Eukaryotic Evolution|journal=Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology|volume=68|issue=2 |pages=e12837|doi=10.1111/jeu.12837|pmid=33274482 |s2cid=227281992 }}</ref>

<ref name="Pánek et al. 2016">{{cite journal|vauthors=Pánek T, Táborský P, Pachiadaki MG, Hroudová M, Vlček Č, Edgcomb VP, Čepička I|title=Combined Culture-Based and Culture-Independent Approaches Provide Insights into Diversity of Jakobids, an Extremely Plesiomorphic Eukaryotic Lineage|doi=10.3389/fmicb.2015.01288|journal=Frontiers in Microbiology|volume=6|date=2015 |page=1288 |pmid=26635756 |pmc=4649034 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Vampyrellid Amoebae">{{cite journal|vauthors=Hess S, Suthaus A|title=The Vampyrellid Amoebae (Vampyrellida, Rhizaria)|journal=Protist|volume=173|issue=1|date=2022|page=125854|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2021.125854|pmid=35091168 |s2cid=245303468 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Cafileria">{{cite journal|vauthors=Jirsová D, Füssy Z, Richtová J, Gruber A, Oborník M|title=Morphology, Ultrastructure, and Mitochondrial Genome of the Marine Non-Photosynthetic Bicosoecid Cafileria marina Gen. et sp. nov.|journal=Microorganisms|date=2019|volume=7|issue=8|page=240|doi=10.3390/microorganisms7080240|pmid=31387253 |pmc=6723347 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Enibas">{{cite journal|first1=Sabine|last1=Schiwitza|first2=Hartmut|last2=Arndt|first3=Frank|last3=Nitsche|title=First description of an euryoecious acanthoecid choanoflagellate species, ''Enibas tolerabilis'' gen. et sp. nov. from a salar in the Chilean Andes based on morphological and transcriptomic data|journal=European Journal of Protistology|volume=67|date=2019|pages=106–113|doi=10.1016/j.ejop.2018.11.004|pmid=30572146 |s2cid=58552347 }}</ref>

<ref name="Coronamoeba villafranca">{{cite journal|first1=Alexander|last1=Kudryavtsev|first2=Fyodor|last2=Voytinsky|first3=Ekaterina|last3=Volkova|title=''Coronamoeba villafranca'' gen. nov. sp. nov. (Amoebozoa, Dermamoebida) challenges the correlation of morphology and phylogeny in Amoebozoa|journal=Scientific Reports|volume=12|page=12541|date=July 2022|issue=1 |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-16721-2|pmid=35869259 |pmc=9307759 |bibcode=2022NatSR..1212541K |doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Otto Regis">{{cite journal|first1=Christoffer Bugge|last1=Harder|first2=Flemming|last2=Ekelund|first3=Sergey A.|last3=Karpov|title=Ultrastructure and phylogenetic position of ''Regin rotiferus'' and ''Otto terricolus'' genera et species novae (Bicosoecida, Heterokonta/Stramenopiles)|journal=Protist|date=March 2014|volume=165|issue=2|pages=144–160|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2014.01.004|pmid=24637333}}</ref>

<ref name="Haplomyxa saranae">{{cite journal|vauthors=Dellinger M, Labat A, Perrouault L, Grellier P|title=''Haplomyxa saranae'' gen. nov. et sp. nov., a new naked freshwater foraminifer|journal=Protist|date=May 2014|volume=165|issue=3|pages=317–329|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2014.03.007|pmid=24810177}}</ref>

<ref name="Vellaria solenta">{{cite journal|vauthors=Sergeeva NG, Anikeeva OV|title=Vellaria solenta (Monothalamea: Allogromiidae) — new species of soft-walled foraminifera from Sivash Bay (the Sea of Azov)|journal=Invertebrate Zoology|date=2021|volume=18|issue=2|pages=152–158 |doi=10.15298/invertzool.18.2.06 |s2cid=237368888 |url=https://kmkjournals.com/upload/PDF/IZ/IZ%20Vol%2018/invert18_2_152_158_Sergeeva_Anikeeva_for_Inet.pdf}}</ref>

<ref name="Spiculosiphon oceana">{{cite journal | first1 = Manuel | last1 = Maldonado | first2 = María | last2 = López-Acosta | first3 = Cèlia | last3 = Sitjà | first4 = Ricardo | last4 = Aguilar | first5 = Silvia | last5 = García | first6 = Jean | last6 = Vacelet | title = A giant foraminifer that converges to the feeding strategy of carnivorous sponges: ''Spiculosiphon oceana'' sp. nov. (Foraminifera, Astrorhizida) | doi = 10.11646/zootaxa.3669.4.9 | doi-access = free | journal = Zootaxa | volume = 3669 | issue = 4 | date = 10 June 2013 | hdl = 10261/92975 | hdl-access = free }}</ref>

<ref name="Avlakibodo gracilis">{{cite journal | first1 = Artem O. | last1 = Belyaev | first2 = Dmitriy G. | last2 = Zagumyonnyi | first3 = Alexander P. | last3 = Mylnikov | first4 = Denis V. | last4 = Tikhonenkov | title = The Morphology, Ultrastructure and Molecular Phylogeny of a New Soil-Dwelling Kinetoplastid Avlakibodo gracilis gen. et sp. nov. (Neobodonida; Kinetoplastea) | journal = Protist | volume = 173 | issue = 4 | date = 2022 | pages = 125885 | doi = 10.1016/j.protis.2022.125885}}</ref>

}}

==External links==
*[https://eukmap.unieuk.org/taxonomy EukMap – Taxonomy Map of the UniEuk Project]
{{Taxonomy of...}}
[[Category:Protista|Taxonomy]]
[[Category:Eukaryote taxonomy]]

{{Sourceattribution|Taxonomy of Protista}}