View source for Biology:Tiffanian

{{Short description|North American faunal stage}}
The '''Tiffanian North American Stage''' on the geologic timescale is the North American  faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 60,200,000 to 56,800,000 years [[Earth:Before Present|BP]] lasting {{Mya|60.2-56.8|million years}}.<ref>[http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=displayInterval&interval_no=233 Paleobiology Database, Tiffanian]</ref> 

It is usually considered to overlap the [[Earth:Selandian|Selandian]] and [[Earth:Thanetian|Thanetian]] within the [[Earth:Paleocene|Paleocene]]. 

The Tiffanian is preceded by the [[Biology:Torrejonian|Torrejonian]] and followed by the [[Earth:Clarkforkian|Clarkforkian]] NALMA stages.

==Substages==
The Tiffanian is considered to contain the following substages:
*Ti6: Lower boundary source of the base of the Tiffanian (approximate).
*Ti5 Lower boundary source of the base of the Tiffanian (approximate) and upper boundary source of the base of the Clarkforkian (approximate).
*Ti4: Lower boundary source of the base of the Tiffanian (approximate) and upper boundary source of the base of the Clarkforkian (approximate).
*Ti3: Lower boundary source of the base of the Tiffanian (approximate) and upper boundary source of the base of the Clarkforkian (approximate).
*Ti2: Lower boundary source of the base of the Tiffanian (approximate) and upper boundary source of the base of the Clarkforkian (approximate).
*Ti1: Upper boundary source of the base of the Clarkforkian (approximate)

== Fauna ==

=== Notable mammals<ref>{{Cite periodical |last=Secord |first=Ross |date=2008 |title=The Tiffanian Land-Mammal Age (Middle and Late Paleocene) In The Northern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming |periodical=Papers on Paleontology |number=35 |hdl=2027.42/61362 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gunnell|first=Gregg F.|date=1994-03-31|title=Paleocene mammals and faunal analysis of the Chappo Type Locality (Tiffanian), Green River Basin, Wyoming|journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology|volume=14|issue=1|pages=81–104|doi=10.1080/02724634.1994.10011540|issn=0272-4634}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gazin|first=Charles Lewis|date=1956|title=Paleocene mammalian faunas of the Bison Basin in south-central Wyoming|journal=Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections|volume=131|pages=1–57}}</ref> ===
'''[[Biology:Multituberculata|Multituberculata]]''' - non-therian mammals

* ''[[Biology:Neoplagiaulax|Neoplagiaulax]]'', [[Biology:Neoplagiaulacidae|neoplagiaulacid]] multituberculate
* ''[[Biology:Ptilodus|Ptilodus]]'', squirrel-sized [[Biology:Ptilodontidae|ptilodontid]]

'''[[Biology:Metatheria|Metatheria]]''' - marsupials

* ''[[Biology:Peradectes|Peradectes]]'', peradectid marsupial

'''[[Biology:Apatotheria|Apatotheria]]''' - primitive, arboreal mammals

* ''Labidolemur'', [[Biology:Aye-aye|aye-aye]]-like [[Biology:Arboreal locomotion|arboreal]] mammal

'''[[Biology:Condylarth|Condylarthra]]''' - archaic [[Biology:Ungulate|ungulates]]

* ''Claenodon'', large, [[Biology:Arctocyonidae|arctocyonid]] condylarth
* ''Ectocion'', [[Biology:Phenacodontidae|phenacodontid]] condylarth
* ''[[Biology:Lambertocyon|Lambertocyon]]'', arctocyonid condylarth
* ''[[Biology:Phenacodus|Phenacodus]]'', phenacodontid condylarth
* ''Thryptacodon'', raccoon-like arctocyonid condylarth

'''[[Biology:Dinocerata|Dinocerata]]''' - large, tusked herbivores

* ''Probathyopsis'', early North American [[Biology:Uintatheriidae|uintathere]]

'''[[Biology:Eulipotyphla|Eulipotyphla]]''' - insectivorous mammals

* ''Adunator'', erinaceomorph insectivore
* ''Leptacodon'', nyctitheriid insectivore
* ''Litocherus'', erinaceomorph insectivore

'''[[Biology:Primatomorpha|Primatomorpha]]''' - primates and relatives

* ''[[Biology:Carpodaptes|Carpodaptes]]'', [[Biology:Carpolestidae|carpolestid]] [[Biology:Plesiadapiformes|plesiadapiform]]
* ''[[Biology:Carpolestes|Carpolestes]]'', carpolestid plesiadapiform
* ''[[Biology:Chiromyoides|Chiromyoides]]'', small [[Biology:Plesiadapidae|plesiadapid]]
* ''[[Biology:Ignacius|Ignacius]]'', [[Biology:Paromomyidae|paramomyid]] plesiadapiform
* ''Nannodectes'', basal plesiadapid
* ''Phenacolemur'', paramomyid plesiadapiform
* ''[[Biology:Plesiadapis|Plesiadapis]]'', plesiadapid plesiadapiform

'''Proteutheria''' - [[Biology:Basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] [[Biology:Eutheria|eutherians]]

* ''[[Biology:Palaeoryctes|Palaeoryctes]]'', small insectivorous mammal

==References==<!-- BulletinOfTheCarnegieMuseumOfNaturalHistory36:97. -->
{{reflist}}



[[Category:Paleocene life]]

{{Sourceattribution|Tiffanian}}