View source for Chemistry:Donnan potential

'''Donnan potential''' is the difference in the [[Chemistry:Galvani potential|Galvani potential]]s<ref>"Donnan potential" p. 167. in {{cite book |doi=10.1007/978-3-540-74598-3_4 |chapter=D |title=Electrochemical Dictionary |year=2008 |pages=135–173 |isbn=978-3-540-74597-6 }}</ref> which appears as a result of Donnan equilibrium, named after Frederick G. Donnan, which refers to the distribution of [[Physics:Ion|ion]] species between two ionic [[Chemistry:Solution|solution]]s separated by a [[Physics:Semipermeable membrane|semipermeable membrane]] or boundary.<ref>{{GoldBookRef |title=Donnan emf (Donnan potential) |file=MD01830 }}</ref>  The boundary layer maintains an unequal distribution of ionic solute concentration by acting as a selective barrier to ionic [[Physics:Diffusion|diffusion]]. Some species of ions may pass through the barrier while others may not. The solutions may be [[Physics:Gel|gel]]s or [[Physics:Colloid|colloid]]s as well as ionic liquids, and as such the phase boundary between gels or a gel and a liquid can also act as a selective barrier. [[Physics:Electric potential|Electric potential]] arises between two solutions is called Donnan potential.

Donnan equilibrium is prominent in the triphasic model for articular [[Biology:Cartilage|cartilage]] proposed by Mow and Ratcliffe, as well as in electrochemical fuel cells and [[Engineering:Kidney dialysis|dialysis]].

The Donnan effect is extra osmotic pressure attributable to cations (Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup>) attached to dissolved plasma proteins.

==See also==
* [[Chemistry:Chemical equilibrium|Chemical equilibrium]]
* [[Physics:Nernst equation|Nernst equation]]
* Double Layer (biospecific)

==References==
<references/>
* Van C. Mow and Anthony Ratcliffe ''Basic Orthopedic Biomechanics'', 2nd Ed. Lippincott-Raven Publishers, Philadelphia, 1997

[[Category:Physical chemistry]]
[[Category:Colloidal chemistry]]

sl:Donnanovo ravnovesje

{{Sourceattribution|Donnan potential}}