View source for Company:Ferrari

{{Short description|Italian luxury sports car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Ferrari S.p.A.
| logo = Ferrari logo.png
| logo_size = 55px
| image = フェラーリ本社前 (36309429124).jpg
| image_size = 250px
| image_caption = Headquarters in Maranello
| foundation = {{start date and age|df=yes|1939|09|13}} in Modena, Italy (as Auto Avio Costruzioni)<ref name="history">{{cite web |url           = http://auto.ferrari.com/en_EN/ongoing-heritage/company/history/history-of-enzo/ |title           = History of Enzo Ferrari |publisher           = auto.ferrari.com |access-date           = 31 May 2016 |archive-url           = https://web.archive.org/web/20160529233540/http://auto.ferrari.com/en_EN/ongoing-heritage/company/history/history-of-enzo/ |archive-date           = 29 May 2016 |url-status           = dead }}</ref>
| location = {{ubl|Maranello, Emilia-Romagna, Italy Modena, Emilia-Romagna, Italy ([[Social:Seat (legal entity)|seat]])}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/cs_ferrari_gtc4lusso_t_gbr.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170624045134/http://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/cs_ferrari_gtc4lusso_t_gbr.pdf |archive-date=24 June 2017 |url-status=live |title= Ferrari SpA Direzione e stabilimento |website=Ferrari Corporate}}</ref><br/>{{Coord|44.532447|N|10.864137|E|display=title,inline}}
| type = [[Finance:Public company|Public]] (S.p.A.)
| traded_as = {{ubl|{{Borsa Italiana|NL0011585146|RACE}}|{{NYSE|RACE}}|FTSE MIB component|Euro Stoxx 50 component}}
| founder = Enzo Ferrari
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = {{plainlist|
* John Elkann<br>(Executive Chairman)
* Piero Ferrari<br>(Vice Chairman)
* Benedetto Vigna<br>(CEO)
}}
| industry = {{wipe|Automotive industry}}
| products = [[Engineering:Sports car|Sports car]]s, [[Engineering:Luxury car|luxury car]]s
| production = {{increase}} 13,221 units shipped (2022)<ref name="AR22"/>
| revenue = {{profit}} [[Finance:Euro|€]]5.095 billion (2022)<ref name="AR22"/>
| operating_income = {{profit}} [[Finance:Euro|€]]1.227 billion (2022)<ref name="AR22"/>
| net_income = {{profit}} [[Finance:Euro|€]] 939 million (2022)<ref name="AR22"/>
| assets = {{profit}} [[Finance:Euro|€]] 6.86 billion (2021)<ref name="AR21"/>
| equity = {{profit}} [[Finance:Euro|€]] 2.21 billion (2021)<ref name="AR21"/>
| num_employees = {{increase}} 4,571 (2021)<ref name="AR21"/>
| subsid = {{ubl|Scuderia Ferrari S.p.A.}}
| parent = 
| footnotes = <ref name="AR22">{{cite web |url=https://cdn.ferrari.com/cms/network/media/pdf/2023_02_02%20-%20Ferrari%20FY%202022%20Results%20Press-Release.pdf |title=Ferrari FY 2022 Results Press-Release |date=2 February 2023 |access-date=2 February 2023 | orig-date= |publisher= |website=Ferrari |page= |pages= |lang=en |format= |url-status= |url-access=}}</ref>
<ref name="AR21">{{cite web |url=https://cdn.ferrari.com/cms/network/media/pdf/Annual_Report_2021_Ferrari_NV_WEB_12.04.2022.pdf |title=Annual Report 2021 |date=25 February 2022 |access-date=7 September 2022 | orig-date= |publisher= |website=Ferrari |page= |pages= |lang=en |format= |url-status= |url-access=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/fnv_2019_annual_report_red_book_0.pdf|title=2019 Annual Report|date=10 February 2020|access-date=5 September 2020|publisher=Ferrari}}</ref>
| homepage = {{url|www.ferrari.com}}
| owners = {{plainlist|
* Exor N.V. (24.21%)<ref name="AR21"/>
* Piero Ferrari (10.30%)<ref name="AR21"/>
* [[Finance:Public float|Public]] (65.49%)
}}
}}
'''Ferrari S.p.A.''' ({{IPAc-en|f|ə|ˈ|r|ɑːr|i}}; {{IPA-it|ferˈraːri|lang}}) is an Italian luxury [[Engineering:Sports car|sports car]] manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy. Founded in 1939 by Enzo Ferrari (1898–1988), the company built [[Company:Auto Avio Costruzioni 815|its first car]] in 1940, adopted its current name in 1945, and began to produce its current line of road cars in 1947. Ferrari became a [[Finance:Public company|public company]] in 1960, and from 1963 to 2014 it was a subsidiary of [[Company:Fiat S.p.A.|Fiat S.p.A.]] It was [[Finance:Corporate spin-off|spun off]] from Fiat's successor entity, [[Company:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles|Fiat Chrysler Automobiles]], in 2016.

The company currently offers a large model range which includes several [[Engineering:Supercar|supercar]]s, [[Engineering:Grand tourer|grand tourer]]s, and one [[Engineering:SUV|SUV]]. Many early Ferraris, dating to the 1950s and 1960s, count among the most expensive cars ever sold at auction. Owing to a combination of its cars, enthusiast culture, and successful licensing deals, in 2019 Ferrari was labelled the world's strongest [[Social:Brand|brand]] by the financial consultency Brand Finance.<ref name="Polianskaya 2019">{{cite web | last=Polianskaya | first=Alina | title=Ferrari named the "world's strongest brand" in global finance report | website=Design Week | date=25 January 2019 | url=https://www.designweek.co.uk/issues/21-27-january-2019/ferrari-named-the-worlds-strongest-brand-in-global-finance-report/ | access-date=16 May 2023}}</ref> As of May 2023 Ferrari is also one of the largest car manufacturers by market capitalisation, with a value of approximately US$52 billion.<ref>{{cite web | title=The 10 Most Valuable Car Companies in the World — Investing | website=US News & World Report | date=26 May 2023 | url=https://money.usnews.com/investing/slideshows/the-10-most-valuable-auto-companies-in-the-world | access-date=16 September 2023}}</ref>

Throughout its history, the company has been noted for its continued participation in racing, especially in Formula One, where its team, Scuderia Ferrari, is the series' single oldest and most successful. Scuderia Ferrari has raced since 1929, first in Grand Prix events and later in Formula One, where since 1952 it has fielded fifteen champion drivers, won sixteen Constructors' Championships, and accumulated more race victories, 1–2 finishes, podiums, pole positions, fastest laps and points than any other team in F1 history.<ref name=F1Wins>{{cite web | title=Ferrari Year by Year - F1 Grand Prix Wins and Highlights | website=Formula One | date=2023 | url=https://www.formula1.com/en/teams/Ferrari/Year_by_Year.html | access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref><ref name=Miles>{{cite web | author-last=Miles | author-first=Ben | title=The nine most successful F1 teams of all time | website=Goodwood | date=24 April 2020 | url=https://www.goodwood.com/grr/race/historic/2020/4/the-nine-most-successful-f1-teams-of-all-time/ | access-date=16 May 2023}}</ref> Historically, Ferrari was also highly active in sports car racing, where its cars took many wins in races like the Mille Miglia, Targa Florio and 24 Hours of Le Mans, as well as several overall victories in the World Sportscar Championship. Scuderia Ferrari fans, commonly called {{lang|it|tifosi}}, are known for their passion and loyalty to the team.

== History ==
=== Early history ===
[[File:1934-07-01 French GP Alfa P3 Varzi Chiron-WINNER Trossi.jpg|thumb|right|Three Scuderia Ferrari cars in 1934, all Alfa Romeo P3s. Drivers, left to right: Achille Varzi, Louis Chiron, and Carlo Felice Trossi.]]
Enzo Ferrari, formerly a salesman and racing driver for [[Company:Alfa Romeo|Alfa Romeo]], founded Scuderia Ferrari, a racing team, in 1929. Originally intended to service gentleman drivers and other amateur racers, Alfa Romeo's withdrawal from racing in 1933, combined with Enzo's connections within the company, turned Scuderia Ferrari into its unofficial representative on the track.<ref name=LudvigsenDec2021>{{cite web|author-last=Ludvigsen|author-first=Karl|website=Forza Magazine|title=The Rise and Fall of Scuderia Ferrari|url=https://www.forza-mag.com/issues/195/articles/the-rise-and-fall-of-scuderia-ferrari|date=2 December 2021|accessdate=19 March 2023}}</ref> Alfa Romeo supplied racing cars to Ferrari, who eventually amassed some of the best drivers of the 1930s and won many races before the team's liquidation in 1937.<ref name=LudvigsenDec2021 /><ref name=Aversa>{{cite journal | last1 = Aversa | first1 = Paolo | last2 = Schreiter | first2 = Katrin | last3 = Guerrini | first3 = Filippo | title = The Birth of a Business Icon through Cultural Branding: Ferrari and the Prancing Horse, 1923–1947 | journal = Enterprise & Society | date = 26 July 2021 | volume = 24 | issue = 1 | pages = 28–58 | issn = 1467-2227 | eissn = 1467-2235 | doi = 10.1017/eso.2021.22 | pmid = | s2cid = 237737650 | url = https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/25916/3/Aversa_Schreiter_Guerrini_2021_EandS.pdf}}</ref>{{rp|43}}

Late in 1937, Scuderia Ferrari was liquidated and absorbed into Alfa Romeo,<ref name=LudvigsenDec2021 /> but Enzo's disagreements with upper management caused him to leave in 1939. He used his settlement to found his own company, where he intended to produce his own cars. He called the company "Auto Avio Costruzioni", and headquartered it in the facilities of the old Scuderia Ferrari;<ref name="history" /> due to a noncompete agreement with Alfa Romeo, the company could not use the Ferrari name for another four years. The company produced a single car, the [[Company:Auto Avio Costruzioni 815|Auto Avio Costruzioni 815]], which participated in only one race before the outbreak of [[Social:World War II|World War II]]. During the war, Enzo's company produced aircraft engines and machine tools for the Italian military; the contracts for these goods were lucrative, and provided the new company with a great deal of capital. In 1943, under threat of Allied bombing raids, the company's factory was moved to Maranello. Though the new facility was nonetheless bombed twice, Ferrari remains in Maranello to this day.<ref name="history" /><ref name=Aversa />{{rp|45–47}}<ref name=LudvigsenJul2021>{{cite web|author-last=Ludvigsen|author-first=Karl|website=Forza Magazine|title=The Wilderness Years|url=https://www.forza-mag.com/issues/192/articles/the-wilderness-years|date=19 July 2021|accessdate=19 March 2023}}</ref>

=== Under Enzo Ferrari ===
[[File:1960s Maranello making cars.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.9|Ferrari's factory in the early 1960s: everything in its production line was handmade by [[Engineering:Machinist|machinist]]s, who followed technical drawings with extreme precision.<ref name=Baime>{{cite book | last=Baime | first=A.J. | title=Go Like Hell: Ford, Ferrari, and Their Battle for Speed and Glory at Le Mans | publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt | year=2009 | isbn=978-0-618-82219-5 | url={{GBurl|id=PqhXAwAAQBAJ}} | access-date=15 May 2023 | pages=65–68}}</ref> Much of this work is now done by industrial robots.<ref>{{cite magazine | last=Peake | first=Eleanor | title=Inside the top secret factory where new Ferraris are born | magazine=WIRED UK | date=15 April 2018 | url=https://www.wired.co.uk/article/ferrari-car-factory-manufactured-italy-enzo-build-create | access-date=26 May 2023}}</ref>]]

In 1945, Ferrari adopted its current name. Work started promptly on a new V12 engine that would power the 125 S, which was the marque's first car, and many subsequent Ferraris. The company saw success in motorsport almost as soon as it began racing: the 125 S won many races in 1947,<ref name=Ludvigsen2010>{{cite web|author-last=Ludvigsen|author-first=Karl|website=Forza Magazine|title=Genesis 1.5:12|url=https://www.forza-mag.com/issues/100/articles/genesis-1-5-12|date=12 February 2010|accessdate=3 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Brian Laban|title=Ferrarissime|publisher=Editions Atlas|section=introduction|pages=6–9|year=2009|isbn=978-2723473149|language=French}}</ref> and several early victories, including the 1949 24 Hours of Le Mans and 1951 Carrera Panamericana, helped build Ferrari's reputation as a high-quality automaker.<ref name=Lamm>{{cite web | last=Lamm | first=John | title=The Ferrari 166 MM Barchetta: The Most Important Ferrari in History? | website=Collier Automedia | date=3 February 2020 | url=https://www.collierautomedia.com/the-ferrari-166-mm-barchetta-the-most-important-ferrari-in-history}}</ref><ref name=LudvigsenJul2019>{{cite web|author-last=Ludvigsen|author-first=Karl|website=Forza Magazine|title=Italian Invasion|url=https://www.forza-mag.com/issues/176/articles/italian-invasion|date=18 July 2019|accessdate=30 April 2023}}</ref> Ferrari won several more races in the coming years,<ref name=F1Wins /><ref name=Havelock>{{cite web|author-last=Havelock|author-first=Steve|website=Forza Magazine|title=The It Car|url=https://www.forza-mag.com/issues/120/articles/the-it-car|date=20 July 2012|accessdate=30 April 2023}}</ref> and early in the 1950s its road cars were already a favourite of the international elite.<ref name="Massini">{{cite magazine |date=February–March 2003 |title=Ferrari Royale |url=https://paulrussell.com/articles/FerrariRoyale.pdf |magazine=Cavallino |author-last=Massini |author-first=Marcel |accessdate=15 May 2023}}</ref> Ferrari produced many families of interrelated cars, including the [[Engineering:Ferrari America|America]], Monza, and 250 series, and the company's first series-produced car was the 250 GT Coupé, beginning in 1958.<ref name=TraverAdolphus>{{cite web|author-last=Traver Adolphus|author-first=David|website=Hemmings Motor News|title=The Car That Saved Ferrari - 1961 Ferrari 250 GT Cabriolet|url=https://www.hemmings.com/stories/article/the-car-that-saved-ferrari-1961-ferrari-250-gt-cabriolet|date=23 September 2018|accessdate=10 May 2023}}</ref>

In 1960, Ferrari was reorganized as a [[Finance:Public company|public company]]. It soon began searching for a business partner to handle its manufacturing operations: it first approached [[Company:Ford Motor Company|Ford]] in 1963, though negotiations fell through; later talks with [[Company:Fiat S.p.A.|Fiat]], who bought 50% of Ferrari's shares in 1969, were more successful.<ref name=Summers>{{cite journal | last=Summers | first=Alexander | title=Commercializing the 24-hours War: Ford Motor Company versus The World | journal=Legacy | volume=20 | issue=1 | date=2020 | url=https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/legacy/vol20/iss1/7 | access-date=14 May 2023}}</ref><ref name=MaranParker>{{cite journal | last1=Maran | first1=Laura | last2=Parker | first2=Lee | title=Non-financial motivations in mergers and acquisitions: The Fiat–Ferrari case | journal=Business History | publisher=Informa UK Limited | volume=63 | issue=4 | date=18 August 2019 | issn=0007-6791 | doi=10.1080/00076791.2019.1597854 | pages=606–667| s2cid=199340523 | url=http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/179827/7/179827.pdf }}</ref> In the second half of the decade, Ferrari also produced two cars that upended its more traditional models: the 1967 [[Engineering:Dino 206 GT|Dino 206 GT]], which was its first mass-produced mid-engined road car,{{efn|The Dino 206 GT was preceded by the 250 LM Stradale and [[Engineering:Ferrari 365 P Berlinetta Speciale|365 P Berlinetta Speciale]]. Both were based on preexisting mid-engined racing cars, and were produced in extremely limited numbers.<ref>{{cite web | last=Zuchowski | first=Matt | title=Five-Year Plan | website=Forza Magazine | url=https://www.forza-mag.com/issues/207/articles/five-year-plan | date=1 June 2023 | access-date=18 September 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | author-last=Atiyeh | author-first=Clifford | title=Crazy three-seat 1966 Ferrari 365P Heads to Auction | website=Car and Driver | date=25 July 2014 | url=https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a15362196/three-seat-one-off-1966-ferrari-365p-heads-to-auction-should-command-many-millions/ | access-date=17 September 2023}}</ref>}} and the 1968 365 GTB/4, which possessed streamlined styling that modernised Ferrari's design language.<ref name=Stone /><ref name="Branch 2020">{{cite web | last=Branch | first=Ben | title=The Ferrari 365 GTB/4 Daytona - The World's Fastest Production Car In 1968 | website=Silodrome | date=14 July 2020 | url=https://silodrome.com/ferrari-daytona/ | access-date=22 May 2023}}</ref> The Dino in particular was a decisive movement away from the company's conservative engineering approach, where every road-going Ferrari featured a V12 engine placed [[Engineering:Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|in the front of the car]], and it presaged Ferrari's full embrace of mid-engine architecture, as well as V6 and V8 engines, in the 1970s and 1980s.<ref name=Stone>{{cite web|author-last=Stone|author-first=Matt|website=Forza Magazine|title=Adaptation|url=https://www.forza-mag.com/issues/204/articles/adaptation|date=19 January 2023|accessdate=15 May 2023}}</ref>

=== Contemporary ===
Enzo Ferrari died in 1988, an event that saw Fiat expand its stake to 90%.<ref>{{cite news |url = https://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/08/business/company-news-fiat-raises-stake-in-ferrari-to-90.html |title = Fiat Raises Stake in Ferrari to 90% |newspaper = The New York Times |date = 8 September 1988 |access-date = 10 April 2014 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150420003512/http://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/08/business/company-news-fiat-raises-stake-in-ferrari-to-90.html |archive-date = 20 April 2015 |url-status = live }}</ref> The last car that he personally approved — the [[Engineering:Ferrari F40|F40]] — expanded on the flagship [[Engineering:Supercar|supercar]] approach first tried by the [[Engineering:Ferrari 288 GTO|288 GTO]] four years earlier.<ref name=Barlow>{{cite web | author-last=Barlow | author-first=Jason | title=Ferrari bloodline: F40, F50, 288 GTO and Enzo at the TG track | website=Top Gear | date=21 July 2017 | url=https://www.topgear.com/car-news/supercars/ferrari-f40-30-anniversary-bloodline-288-gto-f50-enzo-tg-track | access-date=22 May 2023}}</ref> Enzo was replaced in 1991 by Luca Cordero di Montezemolo, under whose 23-year-long chairmanship the company greatly expanded. Between 1991 and 2014, he increased the profitability of Ferrari's road cars nearly tenfold, both by increasing the range of cars offered and through limiting the total number produced. Montezemolo's chairmanship also saw an expansion in licensing deals, a drastic improvement in Ferrari's Formula One performance (not least through the hiring of Michael Schumacher and Jean Todt), and the production of three more flagship cars: the [[Engineering:Ferrari F50|F50]], the [[Engineering:Ferrari Enzo|Enzo]], and the [[Engineering:LaFerrari|LaFerrari]]. In addition to his leadership of Ferrari, Montezemolo was also the chairman of Fiat proper between 2004 and 2010.<ref name=Shea>{{cite web | author-last=Shea | author-first=Terry | title=End of an era at Ferrari: Montezemolo out; Marchionne steps in | website=Hemmings Motor News | date=16 September 2014 | url=https://www.hemmings.com/stories/2014/09/16/end-of-an-era-at-ferrari-montezemolo-out-marchionne-steps-in | access-date=22 May 2023}}</ref>

After Montezemolo resigned, he was replaced in quick succession by many new chairmen and CEOs. He was succeeded first by Sergio Marchionne,<ref name=Shea /> who would oversee Ferrari's [[Finance:Initial public offering|initial public offering]] and subsequent [[Finance:Corporate spin-off|spin-off]] from [[Company:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles|Fiat Chrysler Automobiles]],<ref>{{cite web |title = Ferrari IPO prices at $52/share, within range |url = https://www.cnbc.com/2015/10/20/ferrari-ipo-prices-at-52share-within-range.html |website = CNBC |date = 20 October 2015 |access-date = 21 October 2015 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151021123537/http://www.cnbc.com/2015/10/20/ferrari-ipo-prices-at-52share-within-range.html |archive-date = 21 October 2015 |url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Edmondson | first=Laurence | title=Ferrari chairman Marchionne dies aged 66 | website=ESPN.com | date=25 July 2018 | url=https://www.espn.com/f1/story/_/id/24188829/ferrari-chairman-sergio-marchionne-dies-aged-66 | access-date=22 May 2023}}</ref> and then by Louis Camilleri as CEO and John Elkann as chairman.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-fiatchrysler-ceo-ferrari/ferrari-picks-louis-camilleri-as-ceo-elkann-as-chairman-idUSKBN1KB0P2|title=Ferrari picks Louis Camilleri as CEO, Elkann as chairman|date=21 July 2018|work=Reuters|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721201829/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-fiatchrysler-ceo-ferrari/ferrari-picks-louis-camilleri-as-ceo-elkann-as-chairman-idUSKBN1KB0P2|archive-date=21 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Beginning in 2021, Camilleri was replaced as CEO by Benedetto Vigna, who has announced plans to develop Ferrari's first fully electric model.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Isidore |first1=Chris |title=Tech executive tapped as new Ferrari CEO as it plans its first EV |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/06/09/business/ferrari-names-new-ceo/index.html |access-date=15 July 2021 |publisher=CNN |date=9 June 2021}}</ref> During this period, Ferrari has expanded its production, owing to a global increase in wealth, while becoming more selective with its licensing deals.<ref>{{cite web | last=Woodard | first=Collin | title=So Many People Want Ferraris, the Factory Has to Increase Production | website=Motor Trend | date=13 December 2017 | url=https://www.motortrend.com/news/many-people-want-ferraris-increase-production/ | access-date=22 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Ferrari to Cut its Licensing Deals in Half as it Looks to Move its Non-Car Offerings Up the Luxury Ladder | website=The Fashion Law | date=6 November 2019 | url=https://www.thefashionlaw.com/ferrari-to-cut-its-licensing-deals-in-half-as-it-looks-to-move-up-the-luxury-ladder/ | access-date=22 May 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108223851/https://www.thefashionlaw.com/ferrari-to-cut-its-licensing-deals-in-half-as-it-looks-to-move-up-the-luxury-ladder/ | archive-date=8 November 2020}}</ref>

== Motorsport ==

Since the company's beginnings, Ferrari has been involved in motorsport. Through its works team, Scuderia Ferrari, it has competed in a range of categories including Formula One and sports car racing, though the company has also worked in partnership with other teams.

=== Grand Prix and Formula One racing ===

[[File:Michael Schumacher Ferrari 2004.jpg|thumb|left|A Ferrari F2004 Formula One car, driven by Michael Schumacher. Schumacher is one of the most decorated drivers in F1 history.]]

The earliest Ferrari entity, Scuderia Ferrari, was created in 1929 — ten years before the founding of Ferrari proper — as a Grand Prix racing team. It was affiliated with automaker [[Company:Alfa Romeo|Alfa Romeo]], for whom Enzo had worked in the 1920s. Alfa Romeo supplied racing cars to Ferrari, which the team then tuned and adjusted to their desired specifications. Scuderia Ferrari was highly successful in the 1930s: between 1929 and 1937 the team fielded such top drivers as Antonio Ascari, Giuseppe Campari, and Tazio Nuvolari, and won 144 out of its 225 races.<ref name=Aversa /><ref name=LudvigsenDec2021 />

Ferrari returned to Grand Prix racing in 1947, which was at that point metamorphosing into modern-day Formula One. The team's first homebuilt Grand Prix car, the 125 F1, was first raced at the 1948 Italian Grand Prix, where its encouraging performance convinced Enzo to continue the company's costly Grand Prix racing programme.<ref name=Acerbi2006>{{cite book|title=Ferrari: A Complete Guide to All Models|last=Acerbi| first=Leonardo|year=2006|publisher=Motorbooks|isbn=9780760325506}}</ref>{{rp|9}} Ferrari's first victory in an F1 series was at the 1951 British Grand Prix, heralding its strong performance during the 1950s and early 1960s: between 1952 and 1964, the team took home six World Drivers' Championships and one Constructors' Championship. Notable Ferrari drivers from this era include Alberto Ascari, Juan Manuel Fangio, Phil Hill, and John Surtees.<ref name=F1Wins />

Ferrari's initial fortunes ran dry after 1964, and its began to receive its titles in isolated sprees.<ref name=Miles /> Ferrari first started to slip in the late 1960s, when it was outclassed by teams using the inexpensive, well-engineered Cosworth DFV engine.<ref name=MacKenzie>{{cite web | last=MacKenzie | first=Angus | title=What if Ford had bought Ferrari? | website=MotorTrend | date=16 June 2008 | url=https://www.motortrend.com/features/what-if-ford-had-bought-ferrari-1895/ | access-date=17 May 2023}}</ref><ref name=Gerould>{{cite web | last=Gerould | first=Bryan | title=Ford in Formula 1: The highs and lows | website=Hagerty Media | date=7 February 2023 | url=https://www.hagerty.co.uk/articles/motorsport/ford-in-formula-one-the-highs-and-lows/ | access-date=2 June 2023}}</ref> The team's performance improved markedly in the mid-1970s thanks to Niki Lauda, whose skill behind the wheel granted Ferrari a drivers' title in 1975 and 1977; similar success was accomplished in following years by the likes of Jody Scheckter and Gilles Villeneuve.<ref name=Miles /><ref>{{cite web | title=Niki Lauda | website=Formula 1 | url=https://www.formula1.com/en/drivers/hall-of-fame/Niki_Lauda.html | access-date=31 May 2023}}</ref> The team also won the Constructors' Championship in 1982 and 1983.<ref name=F1Wins /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.formula1.com/en/results.html/1982/team.html|title=1982 Constructor Standings|work=www.formula1.com|access-date=9 December 2016|publisher=Formula One World Championship Limited|archive-date=21 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221171102/https://www.formula1.com/en/results.html/1982/team.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Following another drought in the 1980s and 1990s, Ferrari saw a long winning streak in the 2000s, largely through the work of Michael Schumacher. After signing onto the team in 1996, Schumacher gave Ferrari five consecutive drivers' titles between 2000 and 2004; this was accompanied by six consecutive constructors' titles, beginning in 1999. Ferrari was especially dominant in the 2004 season, where it lost only three races.<ref name=F1Wins /> After Schumacher's departure, Ferrari won one more drivers' title — given in 2007 to Kimi Räikkönen — and two constructors' titles in 2007 and 2008. These are the team's most recent titles to date; as of late, Ferrari has struggled to outdo recently ascendant teams like Red Bull and Mercedes-Benz.<ref name=F1Wins /><ref name=Miles />

==== Ferrari Driver Academy ====

Ferrari's junior driver programme is the Ferrari Driver Academy. Begun in 2009, the initiative follows the team's successful grooming of Felipe Massa between 2003 and 2006. Drivers who are accepted into the Academy learn the rules and history of formula racing as they compete, with Ferrari's support, in feeder classes such as Formula Three and Formula 4.<ref>{{cite web | title=Ferrari Driver Academy: the Mission | website=Ferrari | date=24 March 2020 | url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/fda/mission | access-date=19 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Ferrari Driver Academy applications open for Asia Pacific selection program | website=Federation Internationale de l'Automobile | date=18 May 2023 | url=https://www.fia.com/news/ferrari-driver-academy-applications-open-asia-pacific-selection-program | access-date=19 July 2023}}</ref><ref name=FDAF1>{{cite web | title=The Ferrari Driver Academy – F1's golden ticket to the top? | website=Formula 1 | date=24 January 2019 | url=https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.the-ferrari-driver-academy-f1's-golden-ticket-to-the-top.5474CVH0xo2DA1e5sBGznc.html | access-date=19 July 2023}}</ref> As of 2019, 5 out of 18 programme inductees had graduated and become F1 drivers: one of these drivers, Charles Leclerc, came to race for Scuderia Ferrari, while the other four signed to other teams. Non-graduate drivers have participated in racing development, filled consultant roles, or left the Academy to continue racing in lower-tier formulae.<ref name=FDAF1 />

=== Sports car racing ===
[[File:1973-05-27 Jacky Ickx, Ferrari 312P.jpg|thumb|A 312 P, driven by Jacky Ickx, during Ferrari's final year in the World Sportscar Championship.]]

Aside from [[Company:Auto Avio Costruzioni 815|an abortive effort]] in 1940, Ferrari began racing sports cars in 1947, when the 125 S won six out of the ten races it participated in.<ref name=Ludvigsen2010 /> Ferrari continued to see similar luck in the years to follow: by 1957, just ten years after beginning to compete, Ferrari had won three World Sportscar Championships, seven victories in the Mille Miglia, and two victories at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, among many other races.<ref name=Havelock /> These races were ideal environments for the development and promotion of Ferrari's earlier road cars, which were broadly similar to their racing counterparts.<ref>{{cite web | title=Sportscar Champions: Ferrari History | website=Official Ferrari website | date=11 June 2019 | url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/history/moments/1953/sportscar-champions/more | access-date=27 October 2023}}</ref>

This luck continued into the first half of the 1960s, when Ferrari won the WSC's 2000GT class three consecutive times and finished first at Le Mans for six consecutive years.<ref>{{cite book| last = Jenkinson | first = Denis | title = The Automobile Year Book of Sports Car Racing, 1982 | date = 1982 | page = 222 | publisher = MBI Distribution Services/Quayside Distribution | isbn = 9782880011291}}</ref><ref name=Fearnley>{{cite web | last=Fearnley | first=Paul | title=The race Ferrari doesn't need | website=Motor Sport Magazine | date=June 2015 | url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/june-2015/102/race-ferrari-doesnt-need/ | access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref> Its winning streak at Le Mans was broken by Ford in 1966,<ref name=Fearnley /> and though Ferrari would win two more WSC titles — one in 1967 and another in 1972<ref>{{cite web | title=Legendary Finish: Ferrari History | website=Official Ferrari website | date=11 June 2019 | url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/history/moments/1967/legendary-finish/more | access-date=27 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=1972 World Championship of Makes | website=Motorsport Database - Motor Sport Magazine | date=27 March 2023 | url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/database/championships/1972-world-championship-of-makes/ | access-date=27 October 2023}}</ref> — poor revenue allocation, combined with languishing performance in Formula One, led the company to cease competing in sports car events in 1973.<ref name=MaranParker />{{rp|621}} From that point onward, Ferrari would help prepare sports racing cars for privateer teams, but would not race them itself.<ref name=Pritchard>{{cite web | last=Pritchard | first=Robb | title=The Rally Years | website=Forza Magazine | date=31 May 2018 | url=https://www.forza-mag.com/issues/167/articles/the-rally-years | access-date=1 July 2023}}</ref>

In 2023, Ferrari reentered sports car racing. For the 2023 FIA World Endurance Championship, Ferrari, in partnership with AF Corse, fielded two [[Engineering:Ferrari 499P|499P]] sports prototypes. To commemorate the company's return to the discipline, one of the cars was numbered "50", referencing the fifty years that had elapsed since a works Ferrari competed in an endurance race.<ref name="AFCLMH">{{Cite web|title=Ferrari and AF Corse team together for LMH programme|url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/competizioni-gt/articles/ferrari-and-af-corse-team-together-for-lmh-programme|access-date=15 August 2022|website=www.ferrari.com|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Ferrari499PUnveil">{{Cite web|url=https://sportscar365.com/lemans/wec/ferrari-reveals-499p-for-prototype-racing-return/|title=Ferrari Reveals 499P for Prototype Racing Return|date=29 October 2022|website=sportscar365.com|last=Lloyd|first=Daniel|publisher=John Dagys Media|access-date=29 October 2022}}</ref> The 499P finished first at the 2023 24 Hours of Le Mans, ending Toyota Gazoo Racing's six-year winning streak there and becoming the first Ferrari in 58 years to win the race.<ref name=DeMattia>{{cite web | last=DeMattia | first=Nico | title=2023 Le Mans 24: Ferrari Takes Historic Win, America Steals the Show | website=The Drive | date=11 June 2023 | url=https://www.thedrive.com/news/2023-le-mans-24-ferrari-takes-historic-win-america-steals-the-show | access-date=11 June 2023}}</ref>

=== Other disciplines ===
From 1932 to 1935 Scuderia Ferrari operated a motorcycle racing division, which was conceived as a way to scout and train future Grand Prix drivers. Instead of Italian motorcycles, the team used British ones manufactured by Norton and [[Company:Rudge-Whitworth|Rudge]]. Though Ferrari was successful on two wheels, winning three national titles and 44 overall victories, it was eventually pushed out of the discipline both by the obsolescence of pushrod motorcycle engines and broader economic troubles stemming from the [[Finance:Great Depression|Great Depression]].<ref>{{cite web | author-last=Branch | author-first=Ben | title=Scuderia Ferrari Rudge 500 TT | website=Silodrome | date=16 January 2017 | url=https://silodrome.com/scuderia-ferrari-motorcycle-rudge-500-tt/ | access-date=23 November 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | author-last = D'Orléans | author-first=Paul | title=Scuderia Ferrari Motorcycles | website=The Vintagent | date=13 August 2017 | url=https://thevintagent.com/2017/08/13/scuderia-ferrari-motorcycles/ | access-date=23 November 2023}}</ref>

Ferrari formerly participated in a variety of non-F1 open-wheel series. As early as 1948, Ferrari had developed cars for Formula Two and Formula Libre events,<ref name=MuseoFangio>{{cite web | title=Ferrari 166 F2 - 1948 | website=Museo Fangio | url=https://www.museofangio.com/es/juan-manuel-fangio/autos/15/ | language=es | access-date=9 June 2023}}</ref> and the company's F2 programme led directly to the creation of the Dino engine, which came to power various racing and road Ferraris.<ref name=Stone /> The final non-F1 formula in which Ferrari competed was the Tasman Series, wherein Chris Amon won the 1969 championship in a Dino 246 Tasmania.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://magazine.ferrari.com/en/cars/2018/06/26/news/tasman_ferrari_dino_246_is_50-43132/|title=Tasman Ferrari Dino 246 is 50|website=Ferrari Magazine|access-date=2 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902163548/https://magazine.ferrari.com/en/cars/2018/06/26/news/tasman_ferrari_dino_246_is_50-43132/|archive-date=2 September 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

At least two water speed record boats have utilized Ferrari powertrains, both of them 800kg-class [[Engineering:Hydroplane (boat)|hydroplane]]s from the early 1950s. Neither boat was built by or affiliated with Ferrari, though one of them, ''Arno XI'', had its engine order approved directly by Enzo Ferrari. ''Arno XI'' still holds the top speed record for an 800kg hydroplane.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://newatlas.com/ferrari-racing-boat-auction/21546/ |title=World record-winning Ferrari racing boat to go on the auction block this spring |publisher=New Atlas |date=21 February 2012 |accessdate=25 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Guétat | first=Gérald | title=Heart Transplant | website=Forza Magazine | date=28 August 2014 | url=https://www.forza-mag.com/issues/137/articles/heart-transplant | access-date=2 June 2023}}</ref>

=== Race cars for other teams ===
Throughout its history, Ferrari has supplied racing cars to other entrants, aside from its own works Scuderia Ferrari team.

In the 1950s and '60s, Ferrari supplied Formula One cars to a number of private entrants and other teams. One famous example was Tony Vandervell's team, which raced the Thinwall Special modified Ferraris before building their own Vanwall cars. The North American Racing Team's entries in the final three rounds of the 1969 season were the last occasions on which a team other than Scuderia Ferrari entered a World Championship Grand Prix with a Ferrari car.<ref>Hayhoe, David & Holland, David (2006). ''Grand Prix Data Book (4th edition)''. Haynes, Sparkford, UK. {{ISBN|978-1-84425-223-7}}</ref>

Ferrari supplied cars complete with V8 engines for the A1 Grand Prix series, from the 2008–09 season.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/11102007/4/ferrari-s-a1gp-deal.html |title = Ferrari's A1GP Deal |date = 11 October 2007 |access-date = 24 March 2008 |publisher = Yahoo Sport }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> The car was designed by Rory Byrne and is styled to resemble the 2004 Ferrari Formula one car.

Ferrari currently runs a customer GT program for a racing version of its [[Engineering:Ferrari 458|458]] and has done so for the 458's predecessors, dating back to the 355 in the late 1990s. Such private teams as the American Risi Competizione and Italian AF Corse teams have been very successful with Ferrari GT racers over the years. This car, made for endurance sportscar racing to compete against such racing versions of the [[Engineering:Audi R8|Audi R8]], McLaren MP4-12C, and [[Engineering:BMW Z4 (E89)|BMW Z4 (E89)]] has proven to be successful, but not as successful as its predecessor, the [[Engineering:Ferrari F430|F430]]. The Ferrari Challenge is a one-make racing series for the [[Engineering:Ferrari 458|Ferrari 458]]. The [[Engineering:Ferrari FXX|FXX]] is not road legal and is therefore only used for track events.

== Road cars ==
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{{hatnote|For a complete list, including future and concept car models, see List of Ferrari road cars.}}

[[File:1947 Ferrari 166 Inter Touring Berlinetta 0043S - fvl.jpg|thumb|166 Inter Touring Berlinetta]]

The first vehicle made with the Ferrari name was the 125 S. Only two of this small two-seat sports/racing V12 car were made. In 1949, the [[Engineering:Ferrari 166 Inter|166 Inter]] was introduced marking the company's significant move into the grand touring road car market. The first 166 Inter was a four-seat (2+2) berlinetta coupe with body work designed by Carrozzeria Touring Superleggera. Road cars quickly became the bulk of Ferrari sales.

The early Ferrari cars typically featured bodywork designed and customised by independent coachbuilders such as Vignale, Touring, Ghia, [[Company:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]], Scaglietti and Bertone.

The original road cars were typically two-seat front-engined V12s. This platform served Ferrari very well through the 1950s and 1960s. In 1968 the Dino was introduced as the first two-seat rear mid-engined Ferrari. The Dino was produced primarily with a V6 engine, however, a V8 model was also developed. This rear mid-engine layout would go on to be used in many Ferraris of the 1980s, 1990s and to the present day. Current road cars typically use V8 or V12 engines, with V8 models making up well over half of the marque's total production. Historically, Ferrari has also produced flat 12 engines.

For a time, Ferrari built 2+2 versions of its mid-engined V8 cars. Although they looked quite different from their 2-seat counterparts, both the GT4 and Mondial were closely related to the 308 GTB.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}

Ferrari entered the mid-engined 12-cylinder fray with the [[Engineering:Ferrari Berlinetta Boxer|Berlinetta Boxer]] in 1973. The later [[Engineering:Ferrari Testarossa|Testarossa]] (also mid-engined 12 cylinders) remains one of the most popular and famous Ferrari road cars of all time.

The company has also produced several front-engined 2+2 cars, culminating in the recent V12 model [[Engineering:Ferrari GTC4Lusso|Lusso]] and V8 models [[Engineering:Ferrari Roma|Roma]], [[Engineering:Ferrari Portofino|Portofino]] and [[Engineering:Ferrari GTC4Lusso|Lusso T]]. The [[Engineering:Ferrari California|California]] is credited with initiating the popular current model line of V8 front-engined 2+2 grand touring performance sports cars.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

Starting in the early 2010s with the LaFerrari, the focus was shifted away from the use of independent coachbuilders to what is now the standard, Ferrari relying on in-house design from the Centro Stile Ferrari for the design of all its road cars.

In February 2019, at the 89th Geneva International Motor Show, Ferrari revealed its latest mid-engine V8 supercar, the [[Engineering:Ferrari F8 Tributo|F8 Tributo]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://magazine.ferrari.com/en/cars/2019/02/27/news/reveal-ferrari-f8-tributo-54421/|title=The Ferrari F8 Tributo|website=magazine.ferrari.com|language=en|access-date=11 October 2019}}</ref>

[[Engineering:Ferrari SF90 Stradale|Ferrari SF90 Stradale]] is the first-ever Ferrari to feature PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) architecture which sees the internal combustion engine integrated with three electric motors, two of which are independent and located on the front axle, with the third at the rear between the engine and the gearbox.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.engadget.com/2019/05/29/ferrari-sf90-stradale-plug-in-hybrid|title=Ferrari's first production plug-in hybrid is its fastest supercar yet|last=Fingas|first=Jon|work=Engadget|access-date=29 May 2019|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190530184847/https://www.engadget.com/2019/05/29/ferrari-sf90-stradale-plug-in-hybrid/|archive-date=30 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Current models===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 90%"
|-
! colspan="2" |Model
! Calendar year<br/>introduced
! cellpadding="32px" |Vehicle description
|-
| [[File:2019 Ferrari 812 Superfast S-A 6.5.jpg|200px]]<br/>
! [[Engineering:Ferrari 812 Superfast|812 Superfast]]
| 2017
| Front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive grand tourer.
|-
| [[File:Ferrari Monza SP1, Paris Motor Show 2018, IMG 0643.jpg|200px]]<br/>
! [[Engineering:Ferrari Monza SP|Monza SP1]]
| 2019
| Limited production single-seater sports car, part of the new Icona range.
|-
| [[File:2019 Ferrari Monza SP2.jpg|200px]]<br/>
! [[Engineering:Ferrari Monza SP|Monza SP2]]
| 2019
| Limited production two-seater sports car, part of the new Icona range.
|-
| [[File:Red 2019 Ferrari SF90 Stradale (48264238897) (cropped).jpg|200px]]<br/>
! [[Engineering:Ferrari SF90 Stradale|SF90 Stradale]]
| 2019
| Mid-engine, [[Engineering:Plug-in hybrid|plug-in hybrid]] sports car.
|-
| [[File:Ferrari Roma IMG 5355.jpg|200px]]<br/>
! [[Engineering:Ferrari Roma|Roma]]
| 2020
| Grand tourer sports car.
|-
| [[File:Ferrari 296 GTB - Paris 06.jpg|200px]]<br/>
! [[Engineering:Ferrari 296 GTB|296 GTB]]
| 2022
| Mid-engine, plug-in hybrid sports car.
|-
| [[File:2022-08-21 Monterrey Ferrari SP3.jpg|200px]]<br/>
! [[Engineering:Ferrari Daytona SP3|Daytona SP3]]
| 2022
| Limited production mid-engine sports car, part of the new Icona range.
|-
| [[File:2023 Ferrari Purosangue.jpg|200px]]<br/>
! [[Engineering:Ferrari Purosangue|Purosangue]]
| 2022
| Ferrari's first SUV; uses the same platform as the Roma.
|-
|}

=== Customisation ===

In the 1950s and 1960s, clients often personalized their vehicles as they came straight from the factory.<ref name="Lingeman">{{cite web|url=http://autoweek.com/article/car-news/ferrari-offers-tailor-made-program|title=Ferrari-offers-tailor-made-program|last=Lingeman|first=Jake|work=Autoweek|date=5 December 2011|access-date=12 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812222718/https://autoweek.com/article/car-news/ferrari-offers-tailor-made-program|archive-date=12 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> This philosophy added to the mystique of the brand at the time. Every Ferrari that came out of Maranello could be built to an individual customer's specification.

Ferrari formalized this concept with its earlier Carrozzeria Scaglietti programme. The options offered here were more typical such as racing seats, rearview cameras, and other special trim. In late 2011, Ferrari announced a significant update of this philosophy. The Tailor Made programme allows clients to work with designers in Maranello to make decisions at every step of the process. Through this program almost any trim, any exterior color or any interior material is possible. The program carries on the original tradition and emphasizes the idea of each car being unique.<ref name="Lingeman"/>

=== Supercars ===
[[File:Ferrari Mythos concept car (3163291969).jpg|thumb|Mythos]]
[[File:Ferrari Enzo - Flickr - Alexandre Prévot (1) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Enzo Ferrari]]

The 1984 [[Engineering:Ferrari 288 GTO|288 GTO]] may be considered the first in the line of Ferrari supercars. This pedigree extends through the Enzo Ferrari to the [[Engineering:LaFerrari|LaFerrari]].

=== Concept cars and specials ===
Ferrari has produced a number of [[Engineering:Concept car|concept car]]s, such as the [[Engineering:Ferrari Mythos|Mythos]]. While some of these were quite radical (such as the Modulo) and never intended for production, others such as the Mythos have shown styling elements that were later incorporated into production models.

The most recent concept car to be produced by Ferrari themselves was the 2010 Millechili.

A number of one-off special versions of Ferrari road cars have also been produced, commissioned to coachbuilders by wealthy owners. Recent examples include the P4/5<ref>{{cite web |date = September 2006 |first=Ted |last=West |url = http://www.caranddriver.com/features/pininfarina-ferrari-p4-5-feature |title = Pininfarina Ferrari P4/5 – Feature |work=Car and Driver |access-date = 22 June 2014 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140525233504/http://www.caranddriver.com/features/pininfarina-ferrari-p4-5-feature |archive-date = 25 May 2014 |url-status = live }}</ref> and the 612 Kappa.

====Ferrari Special Projects====
The Special Projects programme, also called the Portfolio Coachbuilding Programme, was launched in 2008 as a way to revive the tradition of past one-off and limited production coachbuilt Ferrari models, allowing clients to work with Ferrari and top Italian coachbuilders to create bespoke bodied models based on modern Ferrari road cars.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SP3JC, two very special Ferrari One-Offs |url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/magazine/articles/john-collins-ferrari-collector-sp3jc-one-off |access-date=26 July 2022 |website=www.ferrari.com |language=en |quote=often ‘One-Offs’, but not always}}</ref><ref name="autoblog p540">{{cite web |url=http://www.autoblog.com/2009/12/11/ferrari-p540-superfast-aperta-revealed-second-from-special-proj/ |title=Ferrari P540 Superfast Aperta revealed, second from Special Projects program |first=John |last=Neff |website=autoblog.com |date=11 December 2009 |access-date=14 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214111022/http://www.autoblog.com/2009/12/11/ferrari-p540-superfast-aperta-revealed-second-from-special-proj/ |archive-date=14 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> Engineering and design is done by Ferrari, sometimes in cooperation with external design houses like [[Company:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]] or Fioravanti, and the vehicles receive full [[Social:Homologation|homologation]] to be road legal.<ref name="autoblog p540" /> Since the creation of Ferrari's in-house styling centre in 2010 though, the focus has shifted away somewhat from outside coachbuilders and more towards creating new in-house designs for clients.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Celebrating 10 years of Ferrari One-Off projects |url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/magazine/articles/celebrating-10-years-ferrari-one-offs |access-date=26 July 2022 |website=www.ferrari.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ferrari SP48 Unica: A new One-Off from Maranello |url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/corporate/articles/ferrari-sp48-unica-a-new-one-off-from-maranello |access-date=26 July 2022 |website=www.ferrari.com |language=en}}</ref>

The first car to be completed under this programme was the 2008 SP1, commissioned by a Japanese business executive. The second was the P540 Superfast Aperta, commissioned by an American collector.<ref name="autoblog p540" /> The following is a list of Special Projects cars that have been made public:

{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center"
|-
! Name !! Picture !!Year !! Based on !!style="line-height:1.3em;"| Commissioned by !! Notes
|-
|[[Engineering:Ferrari F430#SP1|SP1]]
| [[File:Ferrari SP1.jpg|120px]]
| 2008
| [[Engineering:Ferrari F430|F430]]<ref name="carbody sp1">{{cite web |url=http://www.carbodydesign.com/archive/2008/11/12-ferrari-sp1/ |title=Ferrari SP1 |website=carbodydesign.com |date=12 November 2008 |access-date=13 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205051800/http://www.carbodydesign.com/archive/2008/11/12-ferrari-sp1/ |archive-date=5 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| Junichiro Hiramatsu<ref name="carbody sp1" />
|style="text-align:left;"| Design by Leonardo Fioravanti, inspired by the 1998 F100 concept by Fioravanti.<ref name="carbody sp1" />
|-
| P540 Superfast Aperta
| [[File:Ferrari P540 Superfast Aperta.jpg|120px]]
| 2009
| 599 GTB<ref name="C&D p540">{{cite web |url=http://blog.caranddriver.com/ferrari-p540-superfast-aperta-a-one-off-based-on-a-one-off/ |title=Ferrari P540 Superfast Aperta: A One-Off Based on a One-Off |first=David |last=Gluckman |website=caranddriver.com |date=11 December 2009 |access-date=13 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214110557/http://blog.caranddriver.com/ferrari-p540-superfast-aperta-a-one-off-based-on-a-one-off/ |archive-date=14 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| Edward Walson<ref name="C&D p540" />
|style="text-align:left;"| Inspired by a similarly gold-painted and open-topped one-off built by Carrozzeria Fantuzzi on a [[Engineering:Ferrari 330#330 LMB|Ferrari 330 LMB]] chassis.<ref name="autoblog p540" /><ref name="C&D p540" /> Design by [[Company:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]]
|-
| Superamerica 45
| [[File:Ferrari Superamerica 45 in Villa Erba.jpg|120px]]
| 2011
| 599 GTB<ref name="autoweek sa45">{{cite web |url=http://autoweek.com/article/car-news/ferrari-superamerica-45-one-599-created-wealthy-american-customer |title=Ferrari Superamerica 45: One-off 599 created for wealthy American customer |first=Greg |last=Kable |website=autoweek.com |date=18 May 2011 |access-date=13 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214103924/http://autoweek.com/article/car-news/ferrari-superamerica-45-one-599-created-wealthy-american-customer |archive-date=14 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| Peter Kalikow<ref name="autoweek sa45" />
|style="text-align:left;"| Rotating [[Engineering:Targa top|targa top]];<ref name="autoweek sa45" /> design by Ferrari Styling Centre
|-
| SP12 EC
| [[File:FerrariSP12EC.jpg|120px]]
| 2012
| [[Engineering:Ferrari 458|458 Italia]]<ref name="autoweek sp12">{{cite web |url=http://autoweek.com/article/car-life/ferrari-and-pininfarina-finish-claptons-customized-512bb-homage |title=Ferrari and Pininfarina finish Clapton's customized 512BB homage |first=Jake |last=Lingeman |website=autoweek.com |date=6 November 2012 |access-date=13 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214104714/http://autoweek.com/article/car-life/ferrari-and-pininfarina-finish-claptons-customized-512bb-homage |archive-date=14 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| Eric Clapton<ref name="autoweek sp12" />
|style="text-align:left;"| Designed by Ferrari Styling Centre and [[Company:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]], in homage to the [[Engineering:Ferrari Berlinetta Boxer|512 BB]].<ref name="autoweek sp12" />
|-
|[[Engineering:Ferrari 599#SP30|SP30]]
|[[File:Ferrari SP30.jpg|alt=|120x120px]]
| 2013<ref name="carbody arya">{{cite web |url=http://www.carbodydesign.com/2012/08/ferrari-sp-arya-one-off-in-the-works/ |title=Ferrari SP Arya one-off in the works |website=carbodydesign.com |date=28 August 2012 |access-date=13 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214104928/http://www.carbodydesign.com/2012/08/ferrari-sp-arya-one-off-in-the-works/ |archive-date=14 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| 599 GTO<ref name="carbody arya" />
| Cheerag Arya<ref name="carbody arya" />
|style="text-align:left;"| Design by Ferrari Styling Centre
|-
| [[Engineering:Ferrari FF#SP FFX|SP FFX]]
| [[File:Ferrari SP FFX.jpg|120px]]
| 2014
| [[Engineering:Ferrari FF|FF]]<ref name="cavallino ffx">{{cite web |url=http://www.cavallino.com/2014/04/01/ferrari-gathering-in-japan-showcases-two-one-off-models/ |title=Japan Gathering Features Two One-Off Models |website=cavallino.com |date=1 April 2014 |access-date=13 December 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214104608/http://www.cavallino.com/2014/04/01/ferrari-gathering-in-japan-showcases-two-one-off-models/ |archive-date=14 December 2014}}</ref>
| Shin Okamoto<ref name="cavallino ffx" />
|style="text-align:left;"| Design by [[Company:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]]<ref name="cavallino ffx" />
|-
| Ferrari F12 TRS
| [[File:Festival automobile international 2015 - Ferrari F12 TRS - 007 (cropped).jpg|120px]]
| 2014
| F12berlinetta<ref name="autoblog trs">{{cite web |url=http://www.autoblog.com/2014/06/23/ferrari-f12-trs-sicily-cavalcade-official/ |title=Ferrari reveals one-off F12 TRS at Sicily cavalcade homage |first=Noah |last=Joseph |website=autoblog.com |date=23 June 2014 |access-date=13 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214110443/http://www.autoblog.com/2014/06/23/ferrari-f12-trs-sicily-cavalcade-official/ |archive-date=14 December 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| —
|style="text-align:left;"| [[Engineering:Barchetta|Barchetta]] body, inspired by the Ferrari 250 Testa Rossa. Design by Ferrari Styling Centre.<ref name="autoblog trs" />
|-
| Ferrari SP America
| [[File:Ferrari SP America front.jpg|120px]]
| 2014
| F12berlinetta
| Danny Wegman<ref name="sp america">{{cite web |url=http://gtspirit.com/2014/09/24/one-off-2015-ferrari-f12-sp-america-snapped-in-public/ |title=One-off 2015 Ferrari F12 SP America snapped in public |first=Brad |last=Anderson |website=gtspirit.com |date=24 September 2014 |access-date=13 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220121400/http://gtspirit.com/2014/09/24/one-off-2015-ferrari-f12-sp-america-snapped-in-public/ |archive-date=20 December 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="text-align:left;"| Design by [[Company:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]]
|-
|[[Engineering:Ferrari 458#458 MM Speciale (2016)|Ferrari 458 MM Speciale]]
| [[File:FoS20162016 0624 132509AA (27809762691).jpg|120px]]
| 2016
| 458 Speciale<ref name="autoblog mm speciale">{{cite web |url=http://www.autoblog.com/2016/05/31/ferrari-458-mm-speciale-revealed/ |title=Ferrari reveals extra 'speciale' 458 |first=Greg |last=Migliore |website=autoblog.com |date=31 May 2016 |access-date=1 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910180429/http://www.autoblog.com/2016/05/31/ferrari-458-mm-speciale-revealed/ |archive-date=10 September 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| —
|style="text-align:left;"|Design by Ferrari Styling Centre.<ref name="autoblog mm speciale" />
|-
| SP275 RW Competizione
| [[File:Ferrari SP275 RW Competizione.jpg|120px]]
| 2016
| F12tdf
|Rick Workman<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1108004_full-details-on-the-one-off-ferrari-sp-275-rw-competizione|title=Full details on the one-off SP 275 RW Competizione|work=Motor Authority|access-date=6 April 2018|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321192710/https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1108004_full-details-on-the-one-off-ferrari-sp-275-rw-competizione|archive-date=21 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
|style="text-align:left;"|Inspired by the 1964 275 GTB/C Speciale. Design by [[Company:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]] in collaboration with Ferrari Styling Centre.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://auto.ferrari.com/en_US/news-events/news/ferrari-reveals-latest-bespoke-one-sp-275-rw-competizione/|title=Ferrari reveals its latest bespoke one-off: the SP 275 rw competizione{{snd}}Ferrari.com|website=Ferrari GT{{snd}}en-US|language=en-US|access-date=6 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321192530/https://auto.ferrari.com/en_US/news-events/news/ferrari-reveals-latest-bespoke-one-sp-275-rw-competizione/|archive-date=21 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Engineering:Ferrari 488#Ferrari J50|J50]]
|[[File:J50 at London Design Museum 2018.jpg|alt=|120x120px]]
| 2017
| [[Engineering:Ferrari 488#Ferrari 488 Spider|488 Spider]]
| —
|style="text-align:left;"|Design by Ferrari Design Center team in Maranello directed by Flavio Manzoni.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ferrari J50|url=https://ifworlddesignguide.com/entry/230428-ferrari-j50|access-date=11 August 2020|website=iF World Design Guide |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Engineering:Ferrari 488#Ferrari SP38 Deborah|SP38]]
|[[File:Ferrari SP38.jpg|alt=|120x120px]]
|2018
|488 GTB
|—
|style="text-align:left;"|Inspired by the [[Engineering:Ferrari F40|F40]] and 308.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.topgear.com/car-news/supercars/surprise-ferrari-sp38-maranellos-latest-one|title=Surprise! The Ferrari SP38 is Maranello's latest one-off|website=www.topgear.com|date=23 May 2018|language=en|access-date=25 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041748/https://www.topgear.com/car-news/supercars/surprise-ferrari-sp38-maranellos-latest-one|archive-date=26 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Engineering:Ferrari F12#Ferrari SP3JC|SP3JC]]
| [[File:Ferrari SP3JC.jpg|120x120px]]
| 2018
| F12tdf
| John Collins<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.autoblog.com/2018/11/29/ferrari-sp3jc-one-off-vintage-ferrari-roadster-look/#slide-7477250|title=Ferrari SP3JC one-off channels vintage roadsters with a color-wheel twist|work=Autoblog|access-date=29 November 2018|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702092145/https://www.autoblog.com/2018/11/29/ferrari-sp3jc-one-off-vintage-ferrari-roadster-look/#slide-7477250|archive-date=2 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
|style="text-align:left;"|Designed by the Ferrari Styling Centre. Two matching cars ordered, one in LHD, the other in RHD with different liveries.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://magazine.ferrari.com/en/cars/2019/03/07/news/john_collins_ferrari_collector_sp3jc_one_off-55252/|title=SP3JC, two very special Ferrari One-Offs|website=magazine.ferrari.com|access-date=2 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902073649/https://magazine.ferrari.com/en/cars/2019/03/07/news/john_collins_ferrari_collector_sp3jc_one_off-55252/|archive-date=2 September 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Took 3.5 years to complete. Presented in 2018.
|-
| [[Engineering:Ferrari 488#Ferrari P80/C|P80/C]]
| [[File:Ferrari P80 C.jpg|120x120px]]
| 2019
| [[Engineering:Ferrari 488#488 GT3|488 GT3]]
|—
|style="text-align:left;"|One-off track-only car inspired by the [[Engineering:Ferrari P#330 P3|330 P3]], [[Engineering:Ferrari P#330 P4|330 P4]] and the [[Engineering:Dino 206 GT and 246 GT#Dino 206 GT|Dino 206 S]].
|-
| [[Engineering:Ferrari 812 Superfast#Omologata|Omologata]]
| [[File:Ferrari Omologata side.png|120px]]
| 2020
| [[Engineering:Ferrari 812 Superfast|812 Superfast]]
|
|style="text-align:left;"| Design by Ferrari Design Center team in Maranello directed by Flavio Manzoni<ref>{{cite news |title=Ferrari Omologata, la nuova one-off di Maranello |url=https://www.quattroruote.it/news/nuovi-modelli/2020/09/25/ferrari_omologata_motore_interni.html |access-date=25 September 2020 |agency=quattroruote.it |publisher=quattroruote.it |date=25 September 2020}}</ref>
|-
| [[Engineering:Ferrari GTC4Lusso#Ferrari BR20|BR20]]
| [[File:No image 3x4.svg|120px]]
| 2021
| [[Engineering:Ferrari GTC4Lusso|GTC4Lusso]]
|
|style="text-align:left;"|Fastback coupé instead of a shooting brake. Inspired by the 410 Superamerica and 500 Superfast<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.motor1.com/news/546995/ferrari-br20-one-off-revealed/amp/|title=Ferrari BR20 One-Off Fastback Debuts As Sleeker GTC4Lusso With V12|website=motor1.com|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[Engineering:Ferrari F8#SP48 Unica|SP48 Unica]]
|[[File:No image 3x4.svg|120px]]
|2022
|[[Engineering:Ferrari F8|F8 Tributo]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=FERRARI SP48 UNICA: A NEW ONE-OFF FROM MARANELLO |url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/media-centre/articles/ferrari-sp48-unica-a-new-one-off-from-maranello |access-date=17 July 2023 |website=www.ferrari.com}}</ref>
|-
|[[Engineering:Ferrari 488#Ferrari KC23|KC23]]
|[[File:No image 3x4.svg|120px]]
|2023
|[[Engineering:Ferrari 488#488 GT3|488 GT3 Evo]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=FERRARI KC23: MARANELLO'S NEW ONE-OFF BASED ON THE 488 GT3 EVO 2020 |url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/media-centre/articles/ferrari-kc23-maranellos-new-one-off-based-on-the-488-gt3-evo-2020 |access-date=17 July 2023 |website=www.ferrari.com |language=en |archive-date=17 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717181256/https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/media-centre/articles/ferrari-kc23-maranellos-new-one-off-based-on-the-488-gt3-evo-2020 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|}

=== Bio-fuel and hybrid cars ===

An [[Engineering:Ferrari F430|F430 Spider]] that runs on [[Chemistry:Ethanol|ethanol]] was displayed at the 2008 Detroit Auto Show. At the [[Engineering:Geneva Motor Show#2010|2010 Geneva Motor Show]], Ferrari unveiled a hybrid version of their flagship 599. Called the "HY-KERS Concept", Ferrari's hybrid system adds more than 100 horsepower on top of the 599 Fiorano's 612&nbsp;HP.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.automoblog.net/2010/03/02/the-ferrari-hy-kers-bows-at-geneva/ |title = The Ferrari HY-KERS Bows at Geneva |date = 2 March 2010 |publisher = Automoblog.net |access-date = 31 May 2016 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160422075209/http://www.automoblog.net/2010/03/02/the-ferrari-hy-kers-bows-at-geneva/ |archive-date = 22 April 2016 |url-status = live }}</ref> Also in mid-2014, the flagship LaFerrari was put into production.

=== Naming conventions ===

From the beginning, the Ferrari naming convention consisted of a three-digit unitary displacement of an engine cylinder with an additional suffix representing the purpose of a vehicle. Therefore, Ferrari 125 S had {{convert|1496.77|cc|L|1|abbr=on|order=flip}} V12 engine with a unitary displacement of 124.73 cc; whilst S-suffix represented Sport. Other race cars also received names invoking particular races like Ferrari 166 MM for Mille Miglia. With the introduction of road-going models, the suffix Inter was added, inspired by the Scuderia Inter racing team of Igor Troubetzkoy. Popular at that time 166-series had {{convert|1995.02|cc|L|1|abbr=on|order=flip}} engines with 166.25 cc of unitary displacement and a very diverse 250-series had {{convert|2953.21|cc|L|1|abbr=on|order=flip}} of total displacement and 246.10 cc of unitary. Later series of road cars were renamed Europa and top-of-the-line series America and Superamerica.

Until the early 1990s, Ferrari followed a three-number naming scheme based on [[Engineering:Engine displacement|engine displacement]] and a number of cylinders:

* V6 and V8 models used the total displacement (in decilitres) for the first two digits and the number of cylinders as the third. Thus, the 206 was a 2.0&nbsp;L V6 powered vehicle, while the [[Engineering:Ferrari 348|348]] used a 3.4&nbsp;L V8, although, for the [[Engineering:Ferrari F355|F355]], the last digit refers to 5 valves per cylinder. Upon introduction of the [[Engineering:Ferrari 360|360]] Modena, the digits for V8 models (which now carried a name as well as a number) refer only to total engine displacement. The numerical indication aspect of this name carried on to the [[Engineering:Ferrari F430|F430]]; the F430's replacement, the 458 Italia, uses the same naming as the 206 and 348. The [[Engineering:Ferrari 488|488]] uses the system formerly used by the V12 cars.
* V12 models used the displacement (in cubic centimetres) of one cylinder. Therefore, the famed 365 Daytona had a {{convert|4390|cc|cid|abbr=on}} V12. However, some newer V12-engined Ferraris, such as the 599, have three-number designations that refer only to total engine displacement or boxer-style designations such as the [nominally] six-litre, V12 612.
* Flat 12 models used the displacement in litres for the first digit and the number of cylinders for the next two digits. Therefore, the 512 BB was five-litre flat 12 (a Berlinetta Boxer, in this case). However, the original Berlinetta Boxer was the 365 GT4 BB, which was named in a similar manner to the V12 models.
* Flagship models (aka "halo cars") use the letter F followed by the anniversary in years, such as the [[Engineering:Ferrari F40|F40]] and [[Engineering:Ferrari F50|F50]]. The Enzo skipped this rule, although the F60 name was applied to a Ferrari Formula One car and is sometimes attached to the Enzo.
* Some models, such as the 1980 [[Engineering:Ferrari Mondial|Mondial]] and 1984 [[Engineering:Ferrari Testarossa|Testarossa]] did not follow a three-number naming scheme.
[[File:Ferrari 612 Sessanta.jpg|thumb|[[Engineering:Ferrari 612 Scaglietti|612 Scaglietti]] Sessanta Edition]]
Most Ferraris were also given designations referring to their body style. In general, the following conventions were used:

* '''M''' ("Modificata"), placed at the end of a model's number, denotes a modified version of its predecessor and not a complete evolution (see [[Engineering:Ferrari Testarossa#F512 M|F512 M]] and [[Engineering:Ferrari 575M Maranello|575 M Maranello]]).
* '''GTB''' ("Gran Turismo Berlinetta") models are closed Berlinettas, or [[Engineering:Coupé|coupé]]s.
* '''GTS''' ("Gran Turismo Scoperta") this suffix can be seen in older spiders, or convertibles (see 365 GTS/4). Now the convertible models use the suffix [[Engineering:Roadster (automobile)|"Spider"]] (spelt "i") (see [[Engineering:Ferrari F355|F355 Spider]], and [[Engineering:Ferrari 360#Spider|360 Spider]]). In more recent models, this suffix is used for [[Engineering:Targa top|targa top]] models (see Dino 246 GTS, and [[Engineering:Ferrari F355|F355 GTS]]), which is an absolutely correct use of the suffix since "scoperta" means "uncovered". An increasing number of people tend to refer to GTS as "Gran Turismo Spyder", which creates the false assumption that Ferrari does not know the difference between "spyder" and "targa". The [[Engineering:Ferrari 348|348 TS]], which is the only targa named differently, is an exception.
* '''GTO''' ("Gran Turismo Omologata"), placed at the end of a model's number, denotes a modified version of its predecessor. It designates a model that has been designed and improved for racetrack use while still being street legal. Only three models bear those three letters: the 250 GTO of 1962, the 288 GTO of 1984, and the 599 GTO of 2010.

This naming system can be confusing, as some entirely different vehicles used the same engine type and body style. Many Ferraris also had other names affixed (like Daytona) to identify them further. Many such names are actually not official factory names. The Daytona name commemorates Ferrari's triple success in the February 1967 24 Hours of Daytona with the [[Engineering:Ferrari P|330 P4]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wspr-racing.com/wspr/results/wscc/ms1967.html |title=World Championship 1967 |publisher=Wspr-racing.com |access-date=26 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514060332/http://www.wspr-racing.com/wspr/results/wscc/ms1967.html |archive-date=14 May 2011 }}</ref> Only in the 1973 Daytona 24 Hours, a 365 GTB/4 run by NART (who raced Ferraris in America) ran second, behind a [[Engineering:Porsche 911|Porsche 911]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wspr-racing.com/wspr/results/wscc/ms1973.html#2 |title=World Championship 1973 |publisher=Wspr-racing.com |access-date=26 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514060120/http://www.wspr-racing.com/wspr/results/wscc/ms1973.html |archive-date=14 May 2011 }}</ref>

The various Dino models were named for Enzo's son, Dino Ferrari, and were marketed as Dinos by Ferrari and sold at Ferrari dealers{{snd}}for all intents and purposes they are Ferraris.

In the mid-1990s, Ferrari added the letter "F" to the beginning of all models (a practice abandoned after the [[Engineering:Ferrari Testarossa#F512 M|F512 M]] and [[Engineering:Ferrari F355|F355]], but adopted again with the [[Engineering:Ferrari F430|F430]], but not with its successor, the [[Engineering:Ferrari 458|Ferrari 458]]).

== Identity ==
=== The "Prancing Horse" ===
[[File:Tifosi Monza 2003.JPG|thumb|right|{{lang|it|Tifosi}} flying Prancing Horse flags at the 2003 Italian Grand Prix.]]
Ferrari's symbol is the "Prancing Horse" ({{lang-it|Cavallino Rampante|lit=little prancing horse}}), a prancing black horse on a yellow background. Minor details of its appearance have changed many times, but its shape has remained consistent: it is always presented either as a shield, with the Italian tricolour above the horse and the initials ''SF'' ("Scuderia Ferrari") below; or as a rectangle, replacing "SF" with the word "Ferrari" rendered in the company's trademark typeface.<ref name=Prances >{{cite web|title=Prances With Horse: The History of the Ferrari Logo|website=Motor Trend|url=https://www.motortrend.com/features/history-ferrari-logo-badge-photos/|date=20 October 2020|accessdate=13 March 2023}}</ref>

Enzo Ferrari offered an account of the horse's origins. In his story, after a 1923 victory in Ravenna, the family of Francesco Baracca, a deceased flying ace who painted the emblem on his airplane, paid him a visit. Paolina de Biancoli, Francesco's mother, suggested that Ferrari adopt the horse as a good luck charm: he accepted the request, and the Prancing Horse was first used by his racing team in 1932, applied to their [[Engineering:Alfa Romeo 8C|Alfa Romeo 8C]] with the addition of a [[Shades of yellow#Yellow (CMYK) (process yellow) (canary yellow)|canary yellow]] background — the "colour of Modena", Enzo's hometown.<ref name=Prances /><ref name=Aversa />{{rp|43}} The rectangular Prancing Horse has been used since 1947, when the Ferrari 125 S — also the first Ferrari-branded sports car — became the first to wear it.<ref name=Prances />

=== Colour ===
{{Main|Rosso corsa}}
[[File:2001 Ferrari 550 Barchetta no 135, front right side.jpg|thumb|left|A [[Engineering:Ferrari 550|Ferrari 550]] painted in rosso corsa. Both varieties of the Prancing Horse logo are present: the shield is located in front of the door, the rectangle is on the bonnet. The horse alone can also be found on the wheels, grille, and seats.]]
For many years, {{lang|it|rosso corsa}} ({{gloss|racing red}})<ref name=Rees /> was the required colour of all Italian racing cars. It is also closely associated with Ferrari: even after livery regulations changed, allowing race teams to deviate from their [[Engineering:List of international auto racing colours|national colours]], Scuderia Ferrari continued to paint its cars bright red, as it does to this day.<ref name=Kaslikowski >{{cite web | last=Kaslikowski | first=Adam | title=A Colorful History of Racing Hues: An Introduction (1 of 4) | website=Petrolicious | date=8 January 2014 | url=https://petrolicious.com/articles/the-colorful-history-of-national-racing-hues-an-introduction-1-of-4 | access-date=18 May 2023}}</ref> On Ferrari's road-going cars, the colour has always been among the company's most popular choices: in 2012, 40 per cent of Ferraris left the factory painted red, while in the early 1990s the figure was even higher, at 85 per cent.<ref name=Rees /><ref name=Wasef>{{cite web | last=Wasef | first=Basem | title=Why Are There Fewer Ferraris in Red? | website=Popular Mechanics | date=24 July 2012 | url=https://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/a7991/ferrari-red-no-longer-the-automatic-choice/ | access-date=18 May 2023}}</ref> Some Ferrari vehicles, like the [[Engineering:Ferrari 288 GTO|288 GTO]], have only been made available in red.<ref name=Rees>{{cite web|author-last=Rees|author-first=Chris|title=Rosso Ferrari|website=Ferrari Magazine|url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/magazine/articles/ferrari-colors-rosso-portofino-rosso-corsa-racing-red/|date=20 March 2018|accessdate=14 March 2023}}</ref>

Although rosso corsa is the colour most associated with Ferrari,<ref name=Rees /><ref name=Sarne /> it has not always been the colour of choice. Ferraris raced by privateers have run in a rainbow of colours, and one 250 GT SWB, used as a test mule for the 250 GTO, was a rare non-red factory-backed car: it raced in blue.<ref>{{cite web|author-last=Jupo|author-first=Ethan|title=The 9 best Ferrari liveries that aren't red|website=Goodwood|url=https://www.goodwood.com/grr/race/historic/2023/2/the-10-best-ferrari-liveries-that-arent-red/|date=21 February 2023|accessdate=14 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Thorson | first=Thor | title=The Experiment | website=Forza Magazine | date=30 November 2017 | url=https://www.forza-mag.com/issues/163/articles/the-experiment | access-date=16 May 2023 | quote=At any rate, the Sperimentale remains one of very few Ferraris, and possibly the only one, to have competed as a factory team entry in a color other than red.}}</ref>
In a particularly noteworthy case from 1964, while protesting the FIA's homologation requirements, the company moved its racing assets to the North American Racing Team, an affiliated team based in the United States. As a result, Ferrari and the driver John Surtees won the 1964 Formula One season in American colours — blue, with a white [[Engineering:Racing stripe|racing stripe]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Do you remember...when Ferrari raced in blue|website=Formula One|url=https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/features/2015/10/f1-do-you-remember-when-ferrari-raced-in-blue-in-mexico.html|date=28 October 2015|accessdate=14 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=When Ferrari raced in blue and white | website=Official Ferrari website | date=10 October 2018 | url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/magazine/articles/when-ferrari-raced-blue-white | ref={{sfnref | Official Ferrari website | 2018}} | access-date=18 May 2023}}</ref> By the early 2010s, red had also become less common on Ferrari's road cars, fighting with newly popular colours like yellow, silver, and white.<ref name=Wasef /><ref name=Sarne>{{cite web | last=Sarne | first=Vernon B. | title=Red paint job less popular among Ferrari customers today | website=Top Gear Philippines | date=22 June 2012 | url=https://www.topgear.com.ph/features/feature-articles/red-paint-job-less-popular-among-ferrari-customers-today | access-date=18 May 2023}}</ref>

Speaking to both the popularity of rosso corsa and the power of the Ferrari brand, Enzo Ferrari is reported to have once said the following: "Ask a child to draw a car, and he will certainly paint it red."<ref name=Rees />

=== Brand image ===
Ferrari meticulously manages its brand image and public perception: it goes to great lengths to protect its trademarks, and its customers are expected to honour its rules and guidelines when caring for their cars. The company is noted for its frequent and diverse lawsuits, which have centred around such subjects as the shape of the [[Engineering:Ferrari 250 GTO|Ferrari 250 GTO]]'s bodywork,<ref>{{cite web|author-last=Taylor|author-first=Michael|title=Ferrari Just Lost The Trademark Rights To Its Most Iconic Car.|website=Forbes|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaeltaylor/2020/07/08/ferrari-just-lost-the-trademark-rights-to-its-most-iconic-car/?sh=21b882747993|date=8 July 2020|accessdate=12 March 2023}}</ref> exclusive rights to model names (including "Testarossa" and "Purosangue"),<ref>{{cite web|author-last=Woodard|author-first=Colin|title= Ferrari Loses Testarossa Trademark in Germany|website=Motor Trend|url= https://www.motortrend.com/news/ferrari-loses-testarossa-trademark-in-germany/amp/|date=7 August 2017|accessdate=13 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author-last=Hogan|author-first=Mack|title=Ferrari Is Suing a Charity to Get the Naming Rights for Its SUV|website=Road & Track|url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/new-cars/future-cars/a30750318/ferrari-purosangue-name-lawsuit/|date=3 February 2020|accessdate=12 March 2023}}</ref> replica vehicles, and several unsanctioned owner modifications.<ref name=Reid>{{cite web|author-last=Reid|author-first=Alex|title= 5 Times Ferrari filed absurd lawsuits to protect its brand|website=Driving.ca|url=https://driving.ca/features/feature-story/5-times-ferrari-filed-absurd-lawsuits-to-protect-its-brand/wcm/292dc476-bc5b-4d44-b523-050a112e83a3/amp/|date=22 March 2020|accessdate=17 March 2023}}</ref> Via a bounty system, individuals may receive rewards for reporting counterfeit Ferrari products to the company.<ref>{{cite web | last=Gilboy | first=James | title=Ferrari's New Bounty Program Rewards You for Ratting Out Fakes | website=The Drive | date=18 December 2023 | url=https://www.thedrive.com/news/ferraris-new-bounty-program-rewards-you-for-ratting-out-fakes | access-date=3 January 2024}}</ref>

[[File:Zürich (Schweiz), Auto in der Bahnhofstrasse -- 2011 -- 1425.jpg|thumb|right|A pink [[Engineering:Ferrari 360|Ferrari 360]]. Ferrari offers no pink paint from the factory, and has discouraged its customers from customising their cars in a manner contrary to the company's brand image.]]

Ferrari aims to cultivate an image of exclusivity and refined luxury. To facilitate this, vehicle production is deliberately limited to below customer demand, and purchasers are internally ranked based on their desirability and loyalty.<ref name=ValdesDapena>{{cite web|author-last=Valdes-Dapena|author-first=Peter|title=How Ferrari maintains its mystique|website=CNN|url=https://money.cnn.com/2015/03/26/autos/ferrari-brand-image/index.html|date=27 March 2015|accessdate=13 March 2023}}</ref> Some cars may only be purchased by customers who have already owned multiple Ferraris,<ref name=Tsui>{{cite web | last=Tsui | first=Chris | title=Jay Leno Won't Buy a Ferrari Because He Hates the Dealerships | website=The Drive | date=4 February 2022 | url=https://www.thedrive.com/news/44156/jay-leno-wont-buy-a-ferrari-because-he-hates-the-dealerships | access-date=18 May 2023}}</ref> and the company's most exclusive supercars, such as the [[Engineering:LaFerrari|LaFerrari]], have wait lists many times in excess of total production, with only the most loyal customers selected to purchase one.<ref>{{cite magazine|author-last=Golson|author-first=Jordan|title=How to Earn the Right to Buy Ferrari's Most Exclusive Hypercar|magazine=Wired|url=https://www.wired.com/2014/10/herjavec-ferrari-laferrari/|date=24 October 2014|accessdate=12 March 2023}}</ref> In 2015, the company's head of sales stated that the purpose of this strategy was to maintain the brand's value, and to "keep alive this [''sic''] dream that is called Ferrari."<ref name=ValdesDapena />

Sometimes, Ferrari's desire to maintain its brand perception goes against the wishes of its clientele. In one case, the company sued the fashion designer Philipp Plein over "distasteful" [[Software:Instagram|Instagram]] posts featuring his personal [[Engineering:Ferrari 812 Superfast|812 Superfast]]. The posts, which showcased two models in suggestive positions atop the car, were seen by Ferrari as "unlawfully appropriating" the Ferrari brand to promote Plein's clothing, and as being outside Ferrari's intended brand perception.<ref>{{cite web|author-last=Kammel|author-first=Benedikt|title=Ferrari Sues Influencer Over Racy Instagram Posts|website=Bloomberg|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-08-02/at-ferrari-a-battle-over-bikinis-sneakers-and-a-garden-hose|date=2 August 2019|accessdate=12 March 2023}}</ref> Furthermore, the company places restrictions on what owners may do with their cars: they are not allowed to undertake certain modifications,<ref name=Reid /> and the company's [[Finance:Right of first refusal|right of first refusal]] contract, designed to discourage [[Finance:Speculation|speculation]] and [[Finance:Flipping|flipping]], prohibits unauthorised sales within the first two years of ownership.<ref>{{cite web|author-last=Cushing|author-first=Tim|title=Ferrari 'DRM:' Don't Screw With Our Logos And We'll Let You Know If It's OK To Sell Your Car|website=Techdirt|url=https://www.techdirt.com/2014/09/03/ferrari-drm-dont-screw-with-our-logos-well-let-you-know-if-its-ok-to-sell-your-car/|date=3 September 2014|accessdate=13 March 2023}}</ref>{{unreliable source|date=July 2023}} Purchasers who break these rules are placed on a "blacklist", and may not be permitted to buy a Ferrari vehicle through official means.<ref>{{cite web|title=The celebrities on Ferrari's blacklist|website=El País|url=https://english.elpais.com/society/2022-04-27/the-celebrities-on-ferraris-blacklist.html|date=27 April 2022|accessdate=13 March 2023}}</ref> These owner restrictions came to high profile in 2014, when the musician Deadmau5 was sent a [[Social:Cease and desist|cease and desist]] letter regarding his highly customised [[Engineering:Ferrari 458|458 Italia]]: the car, which he dubbed the "Purrari", possessed custom badges and a [[Social:Nyan Cat|Nyan Cat]]-themed wrap, and was put up for sale on [[Company:Craigslist|Craigslist]].<ref name=Reid /><ref>{{cite web|author-last=Nunez|author-first=Alex|title= deadmau5's [''sic''] Nyan Cat Ferrari 458 is on Craigslist for $380,000|website=Road & Track|url= https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/entertainment/a8158/deadmau5-nyan-cat-ferrari-458-meme-car-on-craigslist-for-380k/|date=18 June 2014|accessdate=20 March 2023}}</ref>

Ferrari does encourage its buyers to personalise their cars, but only through official channels, which include its Tailor Made programme for bespoke trim packages and special coachbuilding initiatives for more demanding commissions.<ref>{{cite web|author-last=Vijayenthiran|author-first=Viknesh|title=This Is Ferrari's New Tailor-Made Program: Video|website=Motor Authority|url=https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1070318_this-is-ferraris-new-tailor-made-program-video|date=7 December 2011|accessdate=12 March 2023}}</ref> The customisation options offered through these channels are extensive, though they are always in line with Ferrari's desired branding — for example, the company offers no [[Pink|pink]] paint for its cars. In 2017, the CEO of the company's Australasia branch commented that this and similar customisations are "against the company's ethos," and that such a stance is "a brand rule. No pink. No ''Pokémon'' Ferraris!"<ref>{{cite web|author-last=Hoyer|author-first=Melissa|title=They may be the sexiest sports car in the world but one colour has been globally banned by Ferrari|website=News.com.au|url=https://www.news.com.au/technology/they-may-be-the-sexiest-sports-car-in-the-world-but-one-colour-has-been-globally-banned-by-ferrari/news-story/798386f22c05901212f8e469b014e95b|date=5 April 2017|accessdate=12 March 2023}}</ref>

== Corporate affairs ==

In 1963, Enzo Ferrari was approached by the [[Company:Ford Motor Company|Ford Motor Company]] about a possible buy out.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.rmauctions.com/lots/lot.cfm?lot_id=1071338 |title = Ford GT |publisher = rmauctions.com.com |access-date = 13 May 2015 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150518113716/http://www.rmauctions.com/lots/lot.cfm?lot_id=1071338 |archive-date = 18 May 2015 |url-status = dead }}</ref> Ford audited Ferrari's assets but legal negotiations and talks were unilaterally cut off by Ferrari when he realized that the deal offered by Ford would not enable him to stay at the helm of the company racing program. Henry Ford II consequently directed his racing division to negotiate with [[Company:Lotus Cars|Lotus]], Lola, and Cooper to build a car capable of beating Ferrari on the world endurance circuit, eventually resulting in the production of the [[Engineering:Ford GT40|Ford GT40]] in 1964.

As the Ford deal fell through, FIAT approached Ferrari with a more flexible proposal and purchased controlling interests in the company in 1969. Enzo Ferrari retained a 10% share, which is currently owned by his son Piero Lardi Ferrari.

Ferrari has an internally managed merchandising line that licences many products bearing the Ferrari brand, including eyewear, pens, pencils, electronic goods, perfume, cologne, clothing, high-tech bicycles, watches, cell phones, and laptop computers.

Ferrari also runs a museum, the Museo Ferrari in Maranello, which displays road and race cars and other items from the company's history.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ferrari. Le musée de Maranello en images |url=https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/ferrari-le-musee-de-maranello-en-images-10686397.html |access-date=16 June 2023 |website=L'Argus}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Le musée Ferrari de Maranello s'agrandit |url=https://www.motorlegend.com/actualite-automobile/le-musee-ferrari-maranello-agrandi/15971.html |access-date=16 June 2023 |website=Motorlegend}}</ref>

=== Formula Uomo programme ===

In 1997, Ferrari launched a long term master planned effort to improve overall corporate efficiency, production and employee happiness. The program was called Formula Uomo and became a case study in social sustainability.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://osha.europa.eu/en/tools-and-publications/publications/wellbeing-programme-at-ferrari-formula-uomo |title= Wellbeing Programme Ferrari Formula Uomo |work= Europa OSHA Case Studies |location= Europe |access-date= 13 July 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181129134459/https://osha.europa.eu/en/tools-and-publications/publications/wellbeing-programme-at-ferrari-formula-uomo |archive-date= 29 November 2018 |url-status= live }}</ref> It took over ten years to fully implement and included over €200 million (2008) in investment.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldcarfans.com/1080626851/ferrari-california-begins-production-on-new-line |title=Ferrari California Begins Production on New Line |website=worldcarfans.com |date=26 June 2008 |access-date=14 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150131171659/http://www.worldcarfans.com/1080626851/ferrari-california-begins-production-on-new-line |archive-date=31 January 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Technical partnerships ===

Ferrari has had a long-standing relationship with petroleum company Shell Oil from the late 1950s to the early 1970s, and currently since 1996. Shell develops and supplies fuel and oils to the Scuderia Ferrari's Formula One and World Endurance Championship teams, as well as Ducati Corse's MotoGP and World Superbike teams. The Shell V-Power premium gasoline fuel is claimed to have been developed with the many years of technical expertise between Shell and Ferrari.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shell.ca/home/content/can-en/products_services/on_the_road/fuels/shell_vpower/ |title=Ferrari and Shell V-Power |date=15 January 2009 |access-date=20 January 2009 |publisher=Shell Canada |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090817132812/http://www.shell.ca/home/content/can-en/products_services/on_the_road/fuels/shell_vpower/ |archive-date=17 August 2009 }}</ref>

Ferrari has had agreements to supply Formula One engines to a number of other teams over the years, and currently supply the Alfa Romeo and Haas F1 F1 teams.

=== Sales history ===
As of the end of 2019, the total of Ferrari built and sold cars in their whole company history is 219,062.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ferraris-online.com/pages/article.php?reqart=SCM_200804_SS |title=Crunching Ferrari's Global Numbers |publisher=Ferraris-online.com |access-date=22 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103205203/http://www.ferraris-online.com/pages/article.php?reqart=SCM_200804_SS |archive-date=3 November 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In October 2023, Ferrari started accepting payment in cryptocurrency for its vehicles in the US with intentions to expand the scheme to Europe in 2024. The cryptocurrency payments will be immediately traded into traditional currency to avoid price swings.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Piovaccari |first=Giulio |date=14 October 2023 |title=Ferrari to accept crypto as payment for its cars in the US |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/ferrari-accept-crypto-payment-its-cars-us-2023-10-14/ |access-date=17 October 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ferrari will now let you pay for your new car with crypto, and the brand is expanding the service to Europe at the request of wealthy customers |url=https://fortune.com/2023/10/16/cryptocurrency-ferrari-cars-elon-musk-tesla-bitcoin-btc-eth-usdc/ |access-date=17 October 2023 |website=Fortune |language=en}}</ref>

;Annual Ferrari sales to end customers (number of type-approved vehicles)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right; display:inline-table"
|+
|-
!Year || Sales
|-
!1947<ref name="ferrari_production">{{citation |url=http://alexachua.com/ferrari_production.jpg |first=Michele |last=Fenu |title=Nombre De Voitures Produtes Par Ferrari Depuis 1947 |date=March 1992 |language=fr |access-date=8 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109111222/http://alexachua.com/ferrari_production.jpg |archive-date=9 January 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}3
|-
!1948<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}5
|-
!1949<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}21
|-
!1950<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}25
|-
!1951<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}33
|-
!1952<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}44
|-
!1953<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}57
|-
!1954<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}58
|-
!1955<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}61
|-
!1956<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}81
|-
!1957<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}113
|-
!1958<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}183
|-
!1959<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}248
|-
!1960<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}306
|-
!1961<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}441
|-
!1962<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}493
|-
!1963<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}598
|-
!1964<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}654
|-
!1965<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}619
|-
!1966<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}928
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right; display:inline-table"
|+
|-
!Year || Sales
|-
!1967<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}706
|-
!1968<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}729
|-
!1969<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}619
|-
!1970<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}928
|-
!1971<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}1,246
|-
!1972<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}1,844
|-
!1973<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}1,772
|-
!1974<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}1,436
|-
!1975<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}1,337
|-
!1976<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}1,426
|-
!1977<ref name="ferrari1986">{{citation |url=http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,17/articleid,0969_01_1987_0013_0017_13297111/ |first=Michele |last=Fenu |title=Ferrari, un anno magico—Dieci anni di produzione |date=16 January 1987 |newspaper=La Stampa |page=17 |language=it |access-date=13 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624050003/http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,17/articleid,0969_01_1987_0013_0017_13297111/ |archive-date=24 June 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}1,798
|-
!1978<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}1,939
|-
!1979<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}2,221
|-
!1980<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}2,470
|-
!1981<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}2,565
|-
!1982<ref name="ferrari_production"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}2,209
|-
!1983<ref name="ferrari1983">{{citation |url=http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,15/articleid,1019_01_1984_0212_0015_14521475/ |title=Azienda senza crisi |date=7 September 1984 |newspaper=La Stampa |page=15 |language=it |access-date=13 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624052829/http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,15/articleid,1019_01_1984_0212_0015_14521475/ |archive-date=24 June 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}2,366
|-
!1984<ref name="ferrari1984">{{citation |url=http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,15/articleid,0999_01_1985_0021_0015_22770651/ |title=Ferrari un '85 record |date=25 January 1985 |newspaper=La Stampa |page=15 |language=it |access-date=13 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624051415/http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,15/articleid,0999_01_1985_0021_0015_22770651/ |archive-date=24 June 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{double-dagger}}2,856
|-
!1985<ref name="ferrari1986" />
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 3,051
|-
!1986<ref name="ferrari1986" />
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 3,663
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right; display:inline-table"
|+
|-
!Year || Sales
|-
!1987<ref name="ferrari1987">{{citation |url=http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,21/articleid,0959_01_1988_0104_0021_23880632/ |first=Gianni |last=Rogliatti |title=Ferrari "F40", si guida come un giocattolo |date=13 May 1988 |newspaper=La Stampa |page=21 |language=it |access-date=13 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624054959/http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,21/articleid,0959_01_1988_0104_0021_23880632/ |archive-date=24 June 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 3,942
|-
!1988<ref name="ferrari1989">{{citation |url=https://www.ferrarichat.com/forum/posts/144606242/ |first=Gianni |last=Rogliatti |title=Ferrari "F40", si guida come un giocattolo |date=13 May 1988 |newspaper=La Stampa |page=21 |language=it |access-date=13 February 2016 }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 4,001
|-
!1989<ref name="ferrari1989"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 3,821
|-
!1990<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Official Ferrari Opus|publisher=Opus|year=2011|isbn=978-1-905794-34-8}}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 4,293
|-
!1991<ref name=":0"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 4,487
|-
!1992<ref name=":0"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 3,384
|-
!1993<ref name=":0"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 2,345
|-
!1994<ref name=":0"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 2,671
|-
!1995<ref name=":0"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 3,144
|-
!1996<ref name="ferrari1997">{{citation |url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1998/05/16/il-fatturato-ferrari-vola-mille-miliardi.html |title=Il fatturato Ferrari vola a mille miliardi |date=16 May 1998 |newspaper=La Repubblica |language=it |access-date=11 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304103706/http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1998/05/16/il-fatturato-ferrari-vola-mille-miliardi.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 3,350
|-
!1997<ref name="ferrari1997"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 3,581
|-
!1998<ref name="ferrari1999">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 1999 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/1999/BIL1999_Rel_Gest_ING.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=51 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218210319/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/1999/BIL1999_Rel_Gest_ING.pdf |archive-date=18 February 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 3,652
|-
!1999<ref name="ferrari1999" />
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 3,775
|-
!2000<ref name="ferrari2000">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2000 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2000/BIL2000_Rel_Gest_ING.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=70 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822014849/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2000/BIL2000_Rel_Gest_ING.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 4,070
|-
!2001<ref name="ferrari2001">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2001 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2001/BIL2001_Rel_Gest_ING.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=70 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822014942/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2001/BIL2001_Rel_Gest_ING.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 4,289
|-
!2002<ref name="ferrari2002">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2002 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2002/BIL2002_Rel_Gest_ING.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=52 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190122195555/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2002/BIL2002_Rel_Gest_ING.pdf |archive-date=22 January 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 4,236
|-
!2003<ref name="ferrari2003">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2003 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2003/Bilancio_UK_completo_al_08ott04.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=56 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822050035/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2003/Bilancio_UK_completo_al_08ott04.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 4,238
|-
!2004<ref name="ferrari2004">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2004 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2004/bilancio_completo-Uk.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=65 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822014820/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2004/bilancio_completo-Uk.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 4,975
|-
!2005<ref name="ferrari2005">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2005 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2005/BilConsUk.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=59 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822014933/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2005/BilConsUk.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 5,409
|-
!2006<ref name="ferrari2006">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2006 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2006/Bilancio_UK_completo.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=67 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822014809/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2006/Bilancio_UK_completo.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 5,671
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right; display:inline-table"
|+
|-
!Year || Sales
|-
!2007<ref name="ferrari2007">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2007 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2007/BILANCIO_2007_ING.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=72 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822045914/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2007/BILANCIO_2007_ING.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 6,465
|-
!2008<ref name="ferrari2008">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2008 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2008/Bilancio_Consolidato_UK_ott.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=76 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822014756/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2008/Bilancio_Consolidato_UK_ott.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 6,587
|-
!2009<ref name="ferrari2009">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2009 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2009/Annual_report_totUK_2009.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=95 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822014916/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2009/Annual_report_totUK_2009.pdf |archive-date=22 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 6,250
|-
!2010<ref name="ferrari2010">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2010 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2010/Relazione_Finanziaria_UK.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=108 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027125910/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2010/Relazione_Finanziaria_UK.pdf |archive-date=27 October 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 6,461
|-
!2011<ref name="ferrari2011">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2011 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2011/Fiat_AnnualReport_2011_ENG.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=111 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621221211/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2011/Fiat_AnnualReport_2011_ENG.pdf |archive-date=21 June 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 7,001
|-
!2012<ref name="ferrari2012">{{cite web |title=Fiat Group 2012 Annual Report |url=https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2012/FiatGroup_Annual_Report_2012_ENG.pdf |website=fcagroup.com |access-date=22 January 2019 |page=51 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612184807/https://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investors/financial_reports/FiatDocuments/Bilanci/2012/FiatGroup_Annual_Report_2012_ENG.pdf |archive-date=12 June 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 7,318
|-
!2013<ref>{{cite web |last1=Holloway |first1=Hilton |title=Ferrari profits rise despite fewer sales in 2013 |url=http://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/industry/ferrari-profits-rise-despite-fewer-sales-2013 |website=Autocar.co.uk |access-date=2 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150321032826/http://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/industry/ferrari-profits-rise-despite-fewer-sales-2013 |archive-date=21 March 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 6,922
|-
!2014<ref name="ferrari2014">{{citation |title=FCA Full Year 2014 results |url=http://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investor_relations/events_presentations/quarterly_results_presentations/FullYear2014_ResultsPresentation.pdf |date=28 January 2015 |page=6 |publisher=[[Company:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles|Fiat Chrysler Automobiles]] |access-date=11 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218194001/http://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/investor_relations/events_presentations/quarterly_results_presentations/FullYear2014_ResultsPresentation.pdf |archive-date=18 February 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{dagger}}7,255
|-
!2015<ref name="ferrari2015">{{citation |title=Ferrari FY 2015 Results |url=http://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/2016_02_02_-_ferrari_-_fy15_results_presentation_002.pdf |date=2 February 2016 |page=20 |publisher=Ferrari N.V. |access-date=3 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160207091843/http://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/2016_02_02_-_ferrari_-_fy15_results_presentation_002.pdf |archive-date=7 February 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{dagger}}7,664
|-
!2016<ref name="ferrari2016">{{citation |title=Ferrari Full Year 2016 Results |url=http://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/2017_02_02_-_ferrari_-_full_year_2016_results_presentation_1.pdf |date=2 February 2016 |page=3 |publisher=Ferrari N.V. |access-date=7 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208034910/http://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/2017_02_02_-_ferrari_-_full_year_2016_results_presentation_1.pdf |archive-date=8 February 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{dagger}}8,014
|-
!2017<ref name="ferrari2017">{{citation |title=Ferrari Full Year 2017 Results |url=http://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/2018_02_01_-_ferrari_-_fy_2017_results_presentation.pdf |date=2 February 2017 |page=3 |publisher=Ferrari N.V. |access-date=16 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218090816/http://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/2018_02_01_-_ferrari_-_fy_2017_results_presentation.pdf |archive-date=18 February 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{dagger}}8,398
|-
!2018<ref name="ferrari2018">{{citation |title=Ferrari Full Year 2018 Results |url=https://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/ferrari_nv_annual_report_12.31.2018.pdf |date=26 February 2018 |page=3 |publisher=Ferrari N.V. |access-date=9 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401163741/https://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/ferrari_nv_annual_report_12.31.2018.pdf |archive-date=1 April 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{dagger}}9,251
|-
!2019<ref name="ferrari2019">{{citation |title=Ferrari Full Year 2019 Results |url=https://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/fnv_2019_annual_report_red_book_0.pdf |date=18 February 2020 |page=16 |publisher=Ferrari N.V. |access-date=12 June 2020}}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{dagger}}10,131
|-
!2020<ref name="ferrari2020">{{citation |title=Ferrari Full Year 2020 Results |url=https://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/ar_2020_ferrari_web.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508161014/https://corporate.ferrari.com/sites/ferrari15ipo/files/ar_2020_ferrari_web.pdf |archive-date=8 May 2021 |url-status=live |date=26 February 2021 |page=304 |publisher=Ferrari N.V. |access-date=26 January 2022}}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| {{dagger}}9,119
|-
!2021<ref name="ferrari2021">{{citation |title=Ferrari Full Year 2021 Results |url=https://cdn.ferrari.com/cms/network/media/pdf/Annual_Report_2021_Ferrari_NV_WEB_12.04.2022.pdf |date=25 February 2022 |page=26 |publisher=Ferrari N.V. |access-date=29 April 2022}}</ref>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 11,115
|-
!2022<ref name="AR22"/>
|style="background:#fbf8db; align:right;"| 13,221
|}
:{{smaller|{{double-dagger}} Figure refers to units produced rather than to units sold.}}
:{{smaller|{{dagger}} Figure refers to units shipped rather than to units sold.}}
<!-- GRAPH OF ANNUAL SALES -->
{| class="mw-collapsible" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" style="border:solid 1px #aaa"
|+ '''Annual Ferrari sales to end customers (number of type-approved vehicles)'''
|-
| <timeline>
ImageSize  = width:650 height:auto barincrement:22
PlotArea   = left:45 bottom:20 top:10 right:18
AlignBars  = justify
DateFormat = yyyy
Period     = from:0 till:15000
TimeAxis   = orientation:horizontal
Colors =
 id:gray value:gray(0.5)
 id:line1 value:gray(0.9)
 id:line2 value:gray(0.7)
ScaleMajor = unit:year start:0 increment:1000 gridcolor:line2
ScaleMinor = start:0 increment:100 gridcolor:line1

PlotData=
  color:skyblue width:18
  bar:1999 from:start till:3775 text:3,775 align:left
  bar:2000 from:start till:4070 text:4,070 align:left
  bar:2001 from:start till:4289 text:4,289 align:left
  bar:2002 from:start till:4236 text:4,236 align:left
  bar:2003 from:start till:4238 text:4,238 align:left
  bar:2004 from:start till:4975 text:4,975 align:left
  bar:2005 from:start till:5409 text:5,409 align:left
  bar:2006 from:start till:5671 text:5,671 align:left
  bar:2007 from:start till:6465 text:6,465 align:left
  bar:2008 from:start till:6587 text:6,587 align:left
  bar:2009 from:start till:6250 text:6,250 align:left
  bar:2010 from:start till:6461 text:6,461 align:left
  bar:2011 from:start till:7001 text:7,001 align:left
  bar:2012 from:start till:7318 text:7,318 align:left
  bar:2013 from:start till:6922 text:6,922 align:left
  bar:2014 from:start till:7255 text:7,255 align:left
  bar:2015 from:start till:7664 text:7,664 align:left
  bar:2016 from:start till:8014 text:8,014 align:left
  bar:2017 from:start till:8398 text:8,398 align:left
  bar:2018 from:start till:9251 text:9,251 align:left
  bar:2019 from:start till:10131 text:10,131 align:left
  bar:2020 from:start till:9119 text:9,119 align:left
  bar:2021 from:start till:11115 text:11,115 align:left
  bar:2022 from:start till:13221 text:13,221 align:left
</timeline>
|-
|}<!-- {{Timeline Legend|colour=skyblue|text=Sales}} -->

=== Recalls ===
In January 2020, the Italian carmaker said it will recall 982 vehicles for passenger airbags due to the [[Company:Takata Corporation#Defective airbag recalls (2013–present)|Takata airbag recalls]].<ref name=CNET>{{cite web|title=Takata airbag recall hits Ferrari California, 458 Italia|url=https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/takata-airbag-recall-ferrari-california-458-italia/|author=Sean Szymkowski|work=CNET|date=15 January 2020}}</ref> If the inflator explodes, the airbag will spew metal shrapnel at passengers, which can cause severe injury.<ref name=CNET/><ref>{{cite web|title=Urgent Takata Airbag Recall|url=https://www.ferrari.com/en-EN/auto/takata-airbag-recall|work=Ferrari Official Website}}</ref> Every car involved will get a new passenger-side airbag assembly, complete with a new inflator without the dangerous propellant.<ref name=CNET/>

On 8 August 2022, the company recalled almost every car it's sold in the US since 2005 over a potential for brake failure.<ref name=Track>{{cite web|title=Ferrari Recalls Nearly Every Car It's Made Since 2005 For Possible Brake Failure|url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/news/a40836459/ferrari-recall-possible-brake-failure/|date=8 August 2022|work=Road & Track|author=Chris Perkins}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title= Ferrari recalls 17 years worth of luxury cars over possible brake failure|url=https://nypost.com/2022/08/09/ferrari-recalls-17-years-worth-of-cars-over-possible-brake-failure/|date=9 August 2022|author=Evan Simko-Bednarski|work=New York Post}}</ref> According to an NHTSA recall filing, 23,555 Ferrari models sold in America are fitted with a potentially faulty brake fluid reservoir cap that may not vent pressure adequately.<ref name=Track/> The affected cars will be fitted with a replacement cap and receive a software update.<ref name=Track/>

=== Stores and attractions ===
Roughly thirty Ferrari boutiques exist worldwide, with two owned by Ferrari and the rest operating as [[Finance:Franchising|franchises]]. The stores sell branded clothes,<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 October 2021 |title=Ferrari Roars Into the Fashion World |url=https://www.gq.com/story/ferrari-clothing-line |access-date=30 March 2022 |website=GQ |language=en-US}}</ref> accessories and racing memorabilia; some stores also feature racing simulators where visitors can drive virtual Ferrari vehicles. Clothing includes upscale and lower-priced collections for men, women, and children <ref>{{Cite web |last=Valle |first=Natalí |date=15 June 2021 |title=Ferrari Now Triumphs In The Runway: Their Latest Fashion Drop |url=https://www.vanityteen.com/ferrari-new-collection/ |access-date=30 March 2022 |website=www.vanityteen.com |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Martens|first1=Cynthia|title=Ferrari Opens New Flagship Store|url=http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/ferrari-opens-new-flagship-store-10097067/|access-date=3 February 2017|work=WWD|date=16 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204004150/http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/ferrari-opens-new-flagship-store-10097067/|archive-date=4 February 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

There are also two Ferrari-themed amusement parks. Opened in 2010, Ferrari World Abu Dhabi is the first Ferrari-branded theme park in the world and boasts 37 rides and attractions. Located on Yas Island in [[Place:Abu Dhabi|Abu Dhabi]], it is home to the world's fastest roller coaster - Formula Rossa, and a dynamic coaster with one of the world's tallest loop - Flying Aces.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Merlin|first=Lalla|date=1 September 2020|title=Taking the guest experience up a gear at Ferrari World Abu Dhabi|url=https://blooloop.com/features/ferrari-world-abu-dhabi/|access-date=29 October 2020|website=Blooloop}}</ref> Opened in 2017, Ferrari Land, located in PortAventura World resort, is the second such Ferrari-themed amusement park in the world, after Ferrari World Abu Dhabi. With 16 rides and attractions, it is home to Europe's fastest and highest vertical accelerator coaster - Red Force.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Red Force - Ferrari Land Attractions|url=https://www.portaventuraworld.com/en/ferrari-land/rides/red-force|access-date=29 October 2020|website=PortAventura World|language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
* List of Ferrari road cars
* [[Engineering:List of Ferrari engines|List of Ferrari engines]]
* List of Ferrari competition cars
* Scuderia Ferrari
* List of car brands
* List of companies of Italy

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== General references ==
* {{Citation |journal = Sports Car International |issue = Oct/Nov 2000 |page = 94 |first = Eric |last = Gustafson |title = Cavallino Rampante |postscript = . }}
* Adler, Dennis, ''Ferrari: The Road from Maranello''. Random House, 2006. {{ISBN|978-1-4000-6463-2}}.

== External links ==
* [https://carconfigurator.ferrari.com/ Ferrari Official Car Configurator]
* [https://auto.ferrari.com/en_EN/sports-cars-models/past-models/ Ferrari Past Models on auto.ferrari.com]
* [https://formula1.ferrari.com/en/home-singleseaters-en/ Ferrari Single-seaters on formula1.ferrari.com]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180208074420/http://www.coachbuild.com/2/index.php/news/modern-coachbuilds/131-ferrari-special-projects-all-cars-listing Ferrari Special Projects listing on Coachbuild.com]{{Finance links
| symbol = RACE
| sec_cik = RACE
| google = NYSE:RACE
| yahoo = RACE
| bloomberg = RACE:US
| reuters = RACE
| nasdaq = RACE
}}

{{navboxes|list=
{{Ferrari modern car timeline}}
}}

[[Category:Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Luxury motor vehicle manufacturers]]
[[Category:Sports car manufacturers]]

{{Sourceattribution|Ferrari}}