View source for Cross-lagged panel model

{{short description|Statistical model comparing multiple variables over time}}
The '''cross-lagged panel model''' is a type of discrete time structural equation model used to analyze [[Panel data|panel data]] in which two or more variables are repeatedly measured at two or more different time points. This model aims to estimate the directional effects that one variable has on another at different points in time.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kuiper |first1=Rebecca M. |last2=Ryan |first2=Oisín |date=2018-09-03 |title=Drawing Conclusions from Cross-Lagged Relationships: Re-Considering the Role of the Time-Interval |journal=Structural Equation Modeling |language=en |volume=25 |issue=5 |pages=809–823 |doi=10.1080/10705511.2018.1431046 |issn=1070-5511|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis |encyclopedia=The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods |publisher=[[Company:SAGE Publishing|SAGE Publications, Inc]] |location=2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, California, 91320 |url=https://sk.sagepub.com/reference/the-sage-encyclopedia-of-communication-research-methods//i3792.xml |date=2017 |doi=10.4135/9781483381411.n117 |isbn=978-1-4833-8143-5}}</ref> This model was first introduced in 1963 by Donald T. Campbell and refined during the 1970s by David A. Kenny.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Berry |first1=Daniel |last2=Willoughby |first2=Michael T. |date=July 2017 |title=On the Practical Interpretability of Cross-Lagged Panel Models: Rethinking a Developmental Workhorse |journal=Child Development |language=en |volume=88 |issue=4 |pages=1186–1206 |doi=10.1111/cdev.12660|pmid=27878996 }}</ref> Kenny has described it as follows: "Two variables, X and Y, are measured at two times, 1 and 2, resulting in four measures, X1, Y1, X2, and Y2. With these four measures, there are six possible relations among them – two synchronous or cross‐sectional relations (see cross‐sectional design) (between X1 and Y1 and between X2 and Y2), two stability relations (between X1 and X2 and between Y1 and Y2), and two cross‐lagged relations (between X1 and Y2 and between Y1 and X2)."<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Cross-Lagged Panel Design |encyclopedia=Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online |publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Ltd |location=Chichester, UK |last=Kenny |first=David A. |date=2014-09-29 |pages=stat06464 |language=en |doi=10.1002/9781118445112.stat06464 |isbn=978-1-118-44511-2}}</ref> Though this approach is commonly believed to be a valid technique to identify causal relationships from panel data, its use for this purpose has been criticized, as it depends on certain assumptions, such as [[Philosophy:Synchronicity|synchronicity]] and stationarity, that may not be valid.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ellen |first1=Hamaker |last2=Rebecca |first2=Kuiper |last3=Raoul |first3=Grasman |date=March 2015 |title=A Critique of the Cross-Lagged Panel Model |journal=[[Psychological Methods]] |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=102–116 |language=en |doi=10.1037/a0038889 |pmid=25822208|url=https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/2688454/168970_Hamaker_Kuiper_Grasman_2015_A_Critique_of_Cross_Lagged_Panel_Model.pdf }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mund |first1=Marcus |last2=Nestler |first2=Steffen |date=September 2019 |title=Beyond the Cross-Lagged Panel Model: Next-generation statistical tools for analyzing interdependencies across the life course |journal=Advances in Life Course Research |language=en |volume=41 |pages=100249 |doi=10.1016/j.alcr.2018.10.002|s2cid=150324087 |url=http://psyarxiv.com/zfy85/ }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kenny |first=David A. |date=1975 |title=Cross-lagged panel correlation: A test for spuriousness. |url=http://content.apa.org/journals/bul/82/6/887 |journal=Psychological Bulletin |language=en |volume=82 |issue=6 |pages=887–903 |doi=10.1037/0033-2909.82.6.887 |issn=0033-2909}}</ref>

==References==
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[[Category:Panel data]]



{{Sourceattribution|Cross-lagged panel model}}