View source for Engineering:Aster (missile family)

{{Short description|Franco-Italian surface-to-air missile family}}
{{Infobox weapon
| is_missile         = yes
| name               = Aster
| image              = MBDA Aster p1220947.jpg
| image_size         = 300
| caption            = MBDA Aster 30 on display showing attached booster.
| origin             = France/Italy
| type               = [[Engineering:Surface-to-air missile|Surface-to-air]]/[[Engineering:Anti-ballistic missile|anti-ballistic missile]]
| used_by            = See ''Operators''
| manufacturer       = [[Company:Eurosam|Eurosam]]
| unit_cost          = 
| propellant         = 
| production_date    = 
| service            = 2001–present
| engine             = Solid propellant, two-stage motor<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=31 May 2022 |title=Aster 15 & 30 Datasheet |url=https://www.mbda-systems.com/product/aster-15-30/}}</ref>
| engine_power       = 
| weight             = ''Aster 15'': 310&nbsp;kg<ref name="auto1"/><br>''Aster 30'': 450&nbsp;kg<ref name="auto1"/>
| length             = ''Aster 15'': 4.2 m<ref name="auto1"/><br>''Aster 30'': 4.9 m<ref name="auto1"/>
| height             = 
| diameter           = ''Aster 15 & 30'': {{convert|180 |mm|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="auto1"/>
| wingspan           = 
| speed              = ''Aster 15'': Mach 3 (1,000&nbsp;m/s)<ref name="auto1"/><br>''Aster 30'': Mach 4.5 (1,400&nbsp;m/s)<ref name="auto1"/>
| vehicle_range      = ''Aster 15'': 30+ km<ref name="auto1"/><br>''Aster 30'': 120+ km<ref name="auto1"/><br>''Aster 30 Block 1 NT'': 150+ km<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.defensenews.com/digital-show-dailies/dubai-air-show/2021/11/16/eurosam-unveils-new-sampt-air-defense-variant-at-dubai-airshow/ | title=Eurosam unveils new SAMP/T air defense variant at Dubai Airshow | date=16 November 2021 }}</ref><br>
| ceiling            = 
| altitude           = ''Aster 15'': 13 km<ref name="auto1"/><br>''Aster 30'': 20 km<ref name="auto1"/>
| filling            = 15 kg focused fragmented warhead with 2 m lethal radius
| guidance           = * Inertial guidance with up-link<ref name="MBDA PDF">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mbda-systems.com/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511001439/http://www.mbda-systems.com/mediagallery/files/aster_ds.pdf|url-status=dead|title=MBDA - Excellence at your side|archivedate=11 May 2012|website=MBDA}}</ref>
* [[Engineering:Active radar homing|Active RF seeker]]<ref name="MBDA PDF" />
| detonation         = Calculated delay proximity fuze
| launch_platform    = * Maritime platforms (PAAMS)
* Land-based platforms (SAMP/T)
}}
[[File:Type 45 HMS Diamond being loaded with Sea Viper missiles at HMNB Portsmouth MOD 45159617.jpg|thumb|Loading onto HMS ''Diamond'']]

The '''Aster 15''' and '''Aster 30''' are a Franco-Italian family of all-weather, [[Engineering:Vertical launching system|vertical launch]] [[Engineering:Surface-to-air missile|surface-to-air missile]]s.<ref name="eurosam.com">[http://www.eurosam.com/products/naval-systems/ Eurosam: Naval Systems – Aster 15 & 30/PAAMS] (Official Eurosam website), Retrieved February 2014. "''Up to 120&nbsp;km range''"</ref> The name "''Aster''" stands for "Aérospatiale Terminale", with French company Aérospatiale having been the project's lead contractor before its missile activities were merged into [[Company:MBDA|MBDA]]. It also takes inspiration from the word "aster" ({{lang-el|ἀστήρ}}), meaning "star" in Ancient Greek. The missiles as well as the related weapon systems are manufactured by [[Company:Eurosam|Eurosam]], a consortium consisting of MBDA France, MBDA Italy, both with a combined 66% share, and Thales holding 33%.

The Aster missiles were developed to intercept and destroy the full spectrum of air threats from high-performance combat aircraft, UAVs and [[Engineering:Helicopter|helicopter]]s to [[Engineering:Cruise missile|cruise]], [[Social:Anti-radiation missile|anti-radiation]] and even [[Engineering:Sea skimming|sea-skimming]] supersonic [[Engineering:Anti-ship missile|anti-ship]] missiles.<ref name="Aster 30 hits sea-skimming target at supersonic speeds">{{cite news|title=Interception d'une cible supersonique évoluant au ras de l'eau.|url=http://www.defense.gouv.fr/actualites/articles/interception-d-une-cible-supersonique-evoluant-au-ras-de-l-eau.|access-date=31 July 2016|agency=French Ministry of Defence|publisher=defense.gouv.fr|date=5 April 2012}}</ref> The Aster 30 Block 1 and Block 1 NT were designed to [[Engineering:Anti-ballistic missile|counter ballistic missiles]].<ref name="auto1"/>

The Aster is primarily operated by France, Italy, as well as the United Kingdom as an export customer, and is an integrated component of the [[Engineering:PAAMS|PAAMS]] air defence system, known in the Royal Navy as Sea Viper. As the principal weapon of the PAAMS, the Aster equips the {{sclass2|Horizon|frigate|1}}s in French and Italian service as well as the British Type 45 destroyers. It equips the French and Italian [[Engineering:FREMM multipurpose frigate|FREMM multipurpose frigate]]s, though not through the PAAMS air defense suite itself but specific French and Italian derivatives of the system.

==History==
During the 1980s, the predominant missiles in Franco-Italian service were short-range systems such as the French Crotale, Italian Selenia Aspide or American Sea Sparrow, with ranges up to a dozen kilometres. Some vessels were also equipped with the American medium/long range RIM-66 Standard.  France and Italy decided to start development of a domestic medium/long range [[Engineering:Surface-to-air missile|surface-to-air missile]] to enter service in the first decade of the 21st century, that would give them comparable range but superior interception capability to the American Standard or British [[Engineering:Sea Dart|Sea Dart]] already in service. 

Thought was given in particular to the new missile's ability to intercept next-generation supersonic [[Engineering:Anti-ship missile|anti-ship missile]]s, such as the [[Engineering:BrahMos|BrahMos]] missile developed jointly by India and Russia. This allowed the actual systems to have the characteristic of being specialised either in short-to-medium range "point defence" for e.g. ships, or in medium-to-long range "zone defence" of [[Engineering:Naval fleet|fleets]].

In May 1989, a [[Finance:Memorandum of understanding|Memorandum of understanding]] was signed between France and Italy for the development of a family of future surface-to air-missiles. Eurosam was formed shortly afterwards. By July 1995 development had taken shape in the form of the Aster missile, and test firing of the first Aster 30 took place. The missile successfully intercepted a target at an altitude of {{convert|15,000|m|abbr=on}} and at speeds of {{convert|1000|km/h|abbr=on}}. A Phase 2 contract was awarded in 1997 at US$1 billion for pre-production and development of the French-Italian land and naval systems.

During development trials between 1993 and 1994 all flight sequences, altitudes and ranges, were validated. This was also the period during which the launch sequence of Aster 30 was validated.  In May 1996, trials of the Aster 15 active electromagnetic final guidance system against live targets began. All six attempts were successful. During 1997 Aster was extensively tested, this time being pitted against targets such as the Aerospatiale C.22 target and first generation Exocet anti-ship missiles. 

In numerous engagements Aster scored direct impacts on its targets. During an engagement in November 1997 in a strong countermeasures environment, the Aster was not armed with its military warhead, so that the distance between the Aster and the target could be recorded. The target, a C22, was recovered bearing two strong cuts made by the fins of the Aster missile.

In May 2001, Aster again completed the "manufacturer's validation firing test". It was deployed for the first time on the French [[Engineering:Nuclear marine propulsion|nuclear-powered]] aircraft carrier {{ship|French aircraft carrier|Charles de Gaulle||2}}. In June 2001, the Aster achieved a successful interception of an Arabel missile at low altitude in less than five seconds. In 2001, a target simulating an aircraft flying at speeds of [[Physics:Mach number|Mach 1]] and at an altitude of {{convert|100|m|abbr=on}} was intercepted by an Aster 15. The first ever operational firing of the Aster missile took place during October 2002 on board ''Charles de Gaulle''.<ref name="auto">{{citation |url=http://www.eurosam.com/program.html |publisher=Eurosam |title= Program milestones |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100328062411/http://www.eurosam.com/program.html |archive-date=28 March 2010 }}</ref>

In November 2003, Eurosam was awarded the 3 billion euro Phase 3 production contract. Full production and exports to France, Italy, Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom started.<ref name="auto"/> The resulting Aster surface-to-air missile meets inter-service and international requirements, addressing the needs of the land, air and naval forces of France, Italy and the United Kingdom. The decision to base the missile around a common terminal intercept "dart" to which different sized boosters can be attached, has made it modular and extensible.

From 2002 to 2005, the Italian experimental frigate {{ship|Italian frigate|Carabiniere|F 581|2}} provided a test bed for live firing trials of the Aster 15 from Sylver A43 launchers with [[Engineering:EMPAR|EMPAR]] and SAAM-it systems, and the trials of Aster 30 from Sylver A50 launchers with EMPAR and [[Engineering:PAAMS|PAAMS]](E) systems.<ref name=gaspare>{{cite book|first=Gaspare|last=Galati|title=100 Years of Radar|publisher=Springer|place=New York|year=2016|pages=234–235|isbn=9783319005836}}</ref> {{As of|2012}}, France had spent €4.1bn at 2010 prices on 10 SAMP/T launchers, 375 Aster 30 missiles and 200 Aster 15 missiles.<ref name=Francebudget2012>{{Cite web | url=http://www.senat.fr/rap/a12-150-8/a12-150-815.html#toc290 | title=Projet de loi de finances pour 2013 : Défense : équipement des forces | language=fr | publisher=Senate of France | date=22 November 2012 | access-date=2013-11-07}}</ref> Another 80 Aster 30 and 40 Aster 15 were purchased for France's {{sclass2|Horizon|frigate|1}}s under a separate programme.<ref name=Francebudget2012 />

In January 2023, the Italian and French Minister of Defense signed with MBDA a $2 billion contract for the purchase of 700 Aster missiles.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/france-italy-buy-close-700-aster-missiles-2023-01-30/|title=France and Italy to buy close to 700 Aster missiles|website={{wipe|Reuters}} |date=30 January 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://babel.ua/en/news/89888-media-italy-and-france-agreed-to-order-700-aster-30-missiles-for-the-samp-t-air-defense-system-promised-to-ukraine|title=Media: Italy and France agreed to order 700 Aster-30 missiles for the SAMP/T air defense system promised to Ukraine|date=28 January 2023|website=babel.ua|accessdate=7 August 2023}}</ref>

==Characteristics==
There are two versions of the Aster missile family, the short-medium range version, the Aster 15, and the long range version, the Aster 30. The missile bodies are identical. Their difference in range and intercept speed is because Aster 30 uses a much larger booster. Total weights of the Aster 15 and Aster 30 are {{cvt|310|kg}} and {{cvt|450|kg}} respectively.<ref name="MBDA PDF" />

The Aster 15 is {{cvt|4.2|m|ftin}} long, rising to just under {{cvt|5|m|ftin}} for the Aster 30. Aster 15 has a diameter of {{cvt|180|mm}}.<ref name="MBDA PDF" /> Given the larger dimensions of the Aster 30, a naval based system requires the longer tubes of the [[Engineering:Sylver Vertical Launching System|Sylver]] A50 or A70 [[Engineering:Vertical launching system|vertical launching system]] (VLS). The American Mark 41 Vertical Launching System can accommodate Aster 30.

===Variants===
* '''Aster 15''' – Ship point and local area defence
* '''Aster 30 Block 0''' – Ship local and wide area defence
* '''Aster 30 Block 1''' – an anti-ballistic missile intercept upgrade against 600-km-class [[Engineering:Short-range ballistic missile|short-range ballistic missile]]s (SRBMs)<ref name="SAMP/T"/>
* '''Aster 30 Block 1NT''' (New Technology) – a further anti-ballistic missile intercept upgrade against a range-class of {{cvt|1500|km}} [[Engineering:Medium-range ballistic missile|medium-range ballistic missile]]s (MRBMs)<ref name=MBDAspec>{{cite web|url=http://www.mbda-systems.com/mediagallery/files/aster-family_background-1402652367.pdf |title= MBDA Press Information June 2014: The Aster Missile Family |access-date=26 November 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150330142007/http://www.mbda-systems.com/mediagallery/files/aster-family_background-1402652367.pdf |archive-date=30 March 2015}}</ref>
* '''Aster 30 Block 2 BMD''' currently being developed for anti-ballistic defense against {{cvt|3000|km}}-range maneuvering missiles.

The Aster 30 Block 1 is used on the Eurosam SAMP/T system operated by the French Air and Space Force and the Italian Army.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eurosam.com/ground.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120629091805/http://www.eurosam.com/ground.html|url-status=dead|title=ASTER – SAMP/T|archivedate=29 June 2012}}</ref> {{As of|2014}}, the Block 1NT variant is being developed by MBDA France and funded by France and Italy.<ref name=MBDAspec /> In 2016, the United Kingdom showed interest in acquiring the Block 1NT version for its [[Engineering:Type 45 destroyer|Type 45 destroyer]]s currently operating the Block 0.<ref>{{cite book|title=UK-France Summit: Annex on security and defence|date=3 March 2016|publisher=gov.uk|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/505177/UKFRS_security_and_defence_final_2_March.pdf|access-date=5 August 2016}}</ref> In 2022, the United Kingdom announced a series of upgrades to its [[Engineering:Type 45 destroyer|Type 45 destroyers]]. This included the implementation of the Block 1 version for anti-ship ballistic missile defense.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Type 45 Ballistic Missile Defence upgrade to support more than 100 UK jobs |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/type-45-ballistic-missile-defence-upgrade-to-support-more-than-100-uk-jobs |access-date=2022-05-24 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}</ref>

==Deployment==
===Naval systems===
[[File:Caio Duilio D554.jpg|thumb|Italian {{sclass2|Horizon|frigate|1}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Caio Duilio|D 554|2}} equipped with Aster 15 and 30 missiles]]
* {{ship|French aircraft carrier|Charles de Gaulle}}
* {{ship|Italian aircraft carrier|Cavour}}
* {{sclass2|Horizon|frigate|1}}
* [[Engineering:Type 45 destroyer|Type 45 destroyer]]
* [[Engineering:FREMM multipurpose frigate|FREMM multipurpose frigate]]
* {{sclass|Formidable|frigate|1}}
* [[Engineering:La Fayette-class frigate#Al Riyadh class: Saudi Arabia|''Al Riyadh''-class frigate]]
* ''Kalaat Béni Abbès'' class
* Frégate de défense et d'intervention
* Thaon di Revel-class offshore patrol vessel
* Doha-class corvette

===Land systems===
[[File:Salon du Bourget 20090619 110.jpg|thumb|The "radar module" of the SAMP/T Ground-based air defence system]]
The Aster 30 has been incorporated by Eurosam into a mobile [[Engineering:Surface-to-air missile|SAM]] system, fulfilling the ground-based theatre air defence/protection requirement. It comes in the form of the '''Sol-Air Moyenne-Portée/Terrestre''' (French for "Surface-to-Air Medium-Range/Land-based"), commonly known as '''SAMP/T'''. The system uses a network of radars and sensors – including 3D phased array radar – enabling it to be effective against various air threats such as [[Engineering:Aircraft|aircraft]], [[Engineering:Tactical ballistic missile|tactical ballistic missile]]s, [[Engineering:Standoff missile|standoff missile]]s, [[Engineering:Cruise missile|cruise missile]]s or [[Social:Anti-radiation missile|anti-radiation missile]]s.<ref name="SAMP/T"/>

The SAMP/T uses an upgraded version of the '''Arabel''' long range radar, developed under the Aster 30 block 1 upgrade program, in order to extend the system's capability against higher speed and higher altitude targets. The Aster 30 Block 1 can intercept missiles with a {{cvt|600|km}} range ([[Engineering:Short-range ballistic missile|short-range ballistic missile]]s).<ref name="SAMP/T">{{cite web|title=Eurosam: Ground-launched systems|url=http://www.eurosam.com/products/ground-launched-systems/|website=www.eurosam.com|publisher=Eurosam|access-date=5 August 2016|archive-date=10 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210192710/http://www.eurosam.com/products/ground-launched-systems/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Testing==
[[File:Italian Army - 4th Anti-aircraft Artillery Regiment "Peschiera" SAMPT missile launch.jpg|thumb|Italian Army – 4th Anti-aircraft Artillery Regiment "Peschiera" firing a SAMP/T Aster missile]]

*In April 2008, RSS ''Intrepid'', a {{sclass|Formidable|frigate|1}} of the Republic of Singapore Navy, shot down an aerial drone off the French port of Toulon during a naval exercise. Then again in 2010, a frigate of the same class, RSS ''Supreme'' fired an Aster 15 and shot down an aerial drone off the coast of Hawaii as part of exercise RIMPAC 2010. The RSN conducted 6 successful live-firings of the Aster missile over 11 years.
*Beginning with {{HMS|Dauntless|D33|6}} in September 2010, all of the Royal Navy's Type 45 destroyers have successfully intercepted Mirach drones with Aster missiles at the Benbecula ranges off the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. Mirach is a {{cvt|13|ft}} jet which flies at speeds of up to {{cvt|600|mph}} at altitudes as low as {{cvt|10|ft}} or as high as {{cvt|39,000|ft|km}}.<ref>{{cite news|title=HMS Daring fires Sea Viper for first time|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/hms-daring-fires-sea-viper-for-first-time|access-date=5 August 2016|agency=Ministry of Defence|publisher=gov.uk|date=19 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=HMS Diamond fires Sea Viper missile for first time|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/hms-diamond-fires-sea-viper-missile-for-first-time|access-date=5 August 2016|agency=Ministry of Defence|publisher=gov.uk|date=1 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Defender ready to live up to her name after successful first Sea Viper firing|url=https://navynews.co.uk/archive/news/item/10525|access-date=5 August 2016|agency=Navy News|publisher=navynews.co.uk|date=16 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017202909/https://navynews.co.uk/archive/news/item/10525|archive-date=17 October 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*In December 2011, an Aster 30 missile downed an Israeli ''Black Sparrow'' ballistic missile target, the first time an Aster missile had attempted such an engagement.<ref name="Aster 30 hit BM">{{cite web|url=http://www.marianne.net/blogsecretdefense/Une-premiere-en-France-un-missile-intercepte-par-un-antimissile-Aster_a442.html|title=Une première en France : un missile intercepté par un antimissile Aster|date=1 December 2011|work=marianne.net|access-date=4 August 2016|archive-date=16 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816203205/http://www.marianne.net/blogsecretdefense/Une-premiere-en-France-un-missile-intercepte-par-un-antimissile-Aster_a442.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*In April 2012, the {{sclass2|Horizon|frigate|1}}, {{ship|French frigate|Forbin||2}}, of the French Navy downed an American GQM-163 Coyote target simulating a [[Engineering:Sea skimming|sea-skimming]] [[Engineering:Cruise missile#Supersonic|supersonic anti-ship cruise missile]] traveling at Mach 2.5 (3000&nbsp;km/h) with an altitude of less than 5 metres. It was the first time a European missile defence system destroyed a supersonic sea-skimming "missile". The trial was described as a "complex operational scenario".<ref name="Aster 30 hits sea-skimming target at supersonic speeds"/>
*In 2021, during the Exercise At-Sea Demo: Formidable Shield 2021, the Horizon-class frigate ''Forbin'', intercepted a supersonic (>3000&nbsp;km/h) sea skimming target using an Aster 30 missile.<ref>{{cite news|title=French Navy Horizon Air Defense Destroyer Intercepts Supersonic Target|url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/05/french-navy-horizon-air-defense-destroyer-intercepts-supersonic-target/|access-date=14 June 2021|publisher=Naval News|date=May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The French FS Forbin destroys a supersonic target with a combat loaded Aster 30 fire during At-Sea Demo/Formidable Shield 2021|url=https://sfn.nato.int/newsroom/2021/the-french-fs-forbin-destroys-a-supersonic-target-with-a-combat-loaded-aster-30-fire-during-atsea-demoformidable-shield-2021/|access-date=14 June 2021|publisher=Naval Striking and Support Forces NATO|date=28 May 2021}}</ref>

==Operators==
[[File:Aster Operators.png|thumb|400px|Blue: Aster operators]]
[[File:Singapore Navy guided-missile frigate RSS Steadfast.jpg|thumb|RSS ''Steadfast'', a {{sclass|Formidable|frigate|1}} of the Republic of Singapore Navy, equipped with Aster 15/30]]
[[File:The MBDA Aster 30 of the Republic of Singapore Air Force.jpg|thumb|The MBDA Aster 30 of the {{wipe|Republic of Singapore Air Force}} displayed in Singapore Air Show 2020]]

===Current operators===
;{{flagicon|Algeria}} Algeria
* Algerian National Navy – {{ship|Algerian amphibious transport dock|Kalaat Béni Abbès}}<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1985%5B/rtl |title=Italian shipyard Fincantieri delivered amphibious ship Kalaat Beni-Abbes to Algerian Navy |last=Administrator |work=navyrecognition.com |access-date=4 August 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807033714/http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1985%5B%2Frtl |archive-date=7 August 2016 }}</ref>

;{{flagicon|Egypt}} Egypt
* Egyptian Navy<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/year-2015-news/june-2015-navy-naval-forces-defense-industry-technology-maritime-security-global-news/2836-dcns-transfered-the-fremm-frigate-tahya-misr-to-the-egyptian-navy.html |title= DCNS {{sic|Transfer|ed|nolink=y}} the FREMM Frigate Tahya Misr to the Egyptian Navy |date= 24 June 2015 |language= en}}</ref>

;{{flagicon|France}} {{wipe|France}}
* French Navy
* French Air and Space Force

;{{flagicon|Greece}} Greece
* Hellenic Navy - Aster 30 for FDI HN frigates

;{{flagicon|Italy}} Italy
* Italian Navy
* Italian Army
* {{wipe|Italian Air Force}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://airrecognition.com/index.php/news/defense-aviation-news/2023-news-aviation-aerospace/july/9099-strengthening-air-defense-italian-air-force-acquires-samp-t-ng-missile-system.html|title=Strengthening Air Defense: Italian Air Force Acquires SAMP/T NG Missile System|website=airrecognition.com|accessdate=7 August 2023}}</ref>

;{{flagicon|Morocco}} Morocco
* Royal Moroccan Navy

;{{flagicon|Qatar}} Qatar
* Qatar Navy<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fincantieri.it/cms/data/browse/news/000751.aspx|title=16/06/2016|work=fincantieri.it|access-date=4 August 2016}}</ref>

;{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}} Saudi Arabia
* Royal Saudi Navy

;{{flagicon|Singapore}} [[Place:Singapore|Singapore]]
* Republic of Singapore Navy
* {{wipe|Republic of Singapore Air Force}}

;{{flagicon|Ukraine}} {{wipe|Ukraine}} 
According to a news report, "The Franco-Italian anti-aircraft missile system has arrived in Ukraine, and it will be serviced by 20 local experts."<ref>{{cite news|url= https://news.yahoo.com/french-italian-samp-t-air-221700092.html |title= French-Italian SAMP-T air defense system arrives in Ukraine
|publisher=Yahoo! News |date=16 May 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news|url= https://bulgarianmilitary.com/amp/2023/05/16/what-did-the-russians-hit-in-kyiv-patriot-or-something-else/ |title= What did the Russians hit in Kyiv? Patriot or something else?
|publisher= bulgarianmilitary |author= Boyko Nikolov|date=16 May 2023}}</ref> 

;{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} {{wipe|United Kingdom}}
* Royal Navy

===Potential operators===

;{{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Place:Turkey|Turkey]]
*{{wipe|Turkish Air Force}} – In January 2018, a contract was signed during a state visit by the President of Turkey in Paris for a project with Eurosam for a future Long Range Air and Missile Defense System (LORAMIDS) for a period of 18 months where Turkish companies Roketsan and Aselsan would participate in the joint-production of the missile system.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2018-01-10/turkey-buys-russia-also-mulls-european-missile-systems|title=Turkey Buys from Russia; also Mulls European Missile Systems|date=2021-01-10|work=ainonline.com}}</ref> It was stated that the SAMP/T air defense system project, which was stopped at the end of 2019 due to Turkey's launch of Operation Peace Spring in Syria, came to the agenda at the NATO Summit, and that Turkey, France and Italy would revive the project.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Haber7 |title=Türkiye, Fransa ve İtalya'dan SAMP-T projesini yeniden canlandırma hamlesi |url= https://www.haber7.com/dunya/haber/3206354-turkiye-fransa-ve-italyadan-samp-t-projesini-yeniden-canlandirma-hamlesi |access-date=2022-03-30 |website=Haber7 |language=tr}}</ref>{{update after|2022|10|10}}<!-- so was it actually revived? Did Turkey ever receive Aster by LORAMIDS? -->

==See also==
{{Div col |colwidth=22em}}
* [[Social:Anti-aircraft warfare|Anti-aircraft warfare]]
* [[Engineering:Anti-ballistic missile|Anti-ballistic missile]]
* [[Engineering:Barak 8|Barak 8]]
* [[Engineering:CAMM (missile family)|CAMM]]

* [[Engineering:HQ-9|HQ-9]]
* [[Engineering:List of missiles|List of missiles]]
* MIM-104 Patriot
* [[Engineering:PAAMS|PAAMS]]
* [[Engineering:RIM-161 Standard Missile 3|RIM-161 Standard Missile 3]]
* RIM-162 ESSM
* [[Engineering:RIM-174 Standard ERAM|RIM-174 Standard ERAM]]
* RIM-66 Standard
* [[Engineering:RIM-67 Standard|RIM-67 Standard]]
* S-300 (missile)
* S-400 (missile)
* S-500 (missile)
* [[Engineering:Surface-to-air missile|Surface-to-air missile]]
* [[Engineering:Tor missile system|Tor missile system]]
* Type 3 Chū-SAM
* Khordad 15 (air defense system)
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140412095838/http://www.armyrecognition.com/france_french_army_vehicle_missile_systems_uk/samp_t_mamba_aster_30_surface-to-air_defense_missile_system_technical_data_sheet_pictures_video.html SAMP/T Aster 30 Mamba Surface-to-air defence missile system] (armyrecognition.com)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RfhoGKmD68g Video – HMS Diamond fires Aster 30 missile], 2012
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151210123628/http://www.mbda-systems.com/products/maritime-superiority/aster-paams-saam/59-2/ MBDA Aster 15 & 30 PAAMS]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090926072020/http://www.mbda-systems.com/mbda/site/ref/scripts/siteFO_contenu.php?lang=EN&noeu_id=87&page_id=117 MBDA Aster 15 SAAM]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110928163120/http://www.eurosam.com/naval.html Eurosam Aster page]
* {{cite web |url=https://www.thalesgroup.com/sites/default/files/database/d7/asset/document/SAMP-T.pdf |title=Air Defence Weapon System SAMP/T |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901183540/https://www.thalesgroup.com/sites/default/files/database/d7/asset/document/SAMP-T.pdf |archive-date=2021-09-01 |url-status=live}}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/worldwide/defence/samp-t |title=SAMP-T |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901183510/https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/worldwide/defence/samp-t |archive-date=2021-09-01 |url-status=live}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Aster (Missile Family)}}
[[Category:Naval surface-to-air missiles]]

{{Sourceattribution|Aster (missile family)}}