View source for Engineering:Bonnell (microarchitecture)

{{short description|CPU microarchitecture}}
{{Infobox CPU
| name           = Bonnell
| image          = 
| image_size     = 150px
| caption        = Intel Atom logo
| produced-start = 2008
| produced-end   = 2013
| slowest        = 600 |slow-unit = MHz
| fastest        = 2.13 |fast-unit = GHz
| fsb-slowest    = 400 |fsb-slow-unit = MHz
| fsb-fastest    = 667 |fsb-fast-unit = MHz|
| manuf1         = Intel
| size-from      = 45 nm
| size-to        = 32 nm
| core1          = Silverthorne
| core2          = Diamondville
| core3          = Pineview
| core4          = Tunnel Creek
| core5          = Lincroft
| core6          = Stellarton
| core7          = Sodaville
| core8          = Cedarview
| arch           = [[Engineering:Intel Atom|Intel Atom]] [[X86|x86]]
| instructions   = [[MMX (instruction set)|MMX]]
| extensions     = [[IA-32]], [[X86-64|x86-64]], [[Streaming SIMD Extensions|SSE]], [[SSE2]], [[SSE3]], [[SSSE3]]
| pack1          = 441-ball µFCBGA
| numcores       = 1, 2
| predecessor    = 
| successor      = [[Engineering:Silvermont|Silvermont]] <!-- Valleyview is an SoC core based on this uarch. -->
}}

'''Bonnell''' is a CPU microarchitecture used by [[Engineering:Intel Atom|Intel Atom]] processors which can execute up to two instructions per cycle.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://software.intel.com/en-us/blogs/2008/04/01/atom-101-deciphering-the-intel-codewords-around-mids |title='Atom 101' - Deciphering the Intel codewords around MIDs |last=Moriarty |first=Jeff |date=1 April 2008 |access-date=4 August 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100827102716/http://software.intel.com/en-us/blogs/2008/04/01/atom-101-deciphering-the-intel-codewords-around-mids/ |archive-date=27 August 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/2925 |title=Why Pine Trail Isn't Much Faster Than the First Atom |last=Lal Shimpi |first=Anand |publisher=AnandTech |date=27 January 2010 |access-date=4 August 2010}}</ref> Like many other x86 microprocessors, it translates x86 instructions ([[Complex instruction set computer|CISC]] instructions) into simpler internal operations (sometimes referred to as micro-ops, effectively [[Reduced instruction set computer|RISC]] style instructions) prior to execution. The majority of instructions produce one micro-op when translated, with around 4% of instructions used in typical programs producing multiple micro-ops. The number of instructions that produce more than one micro-op is significantly fewer than the [[Engineering:P6 (microarchitecture)|P6]] and [[Engineering:NetBurst|NetBurst]] [[Microarchitecture|microarchitecture]]s. In the Bonnell microarchitecture, internal micro-ops can contain both a memory load and a memory store in connection with an [[Arithmetic logic unit|ALU]] operation, thus being more similar to the x86 level and more powerful than the micro-ops used in previous designs.<ref name="anandtech.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.anandtech.com/showdoc.aspx?i=3276&p=9 |title=Intel's Atom Architecture: The Journey Begins |last=Lal Shimpi |first=Anand |publisher=AnandTech |date=2 April 2008 |access-date=4 April 2010}}</ref> This enables relatively good performance with only two integer ALUs, and without any [[Out-of-order execution|instruction reordering]], [[Speculative execution|speculative execution]] or [[Register renaming|register renaming]]. A side effect of having no speculative execution is invulnerability against [[Meltdown (security vulnerability)|Meltdown]] and [[Spectre (security vulnerability)|Spectre]].

The Bonnell microarchitecture therefore represents a partial revival of the principles used in earlier Intel designs such as [[Engineering:P5 (microarchitecture)|P5]] and the [[Engineering:I486|i486]], with the sole purpose of enhancing the [[Performance per watt|performance per watt]] ratio. However, Hyper-Threading is implemented in an easy (i.e. low-power) way to employ the whole pipeline efficiently by avoiding the typical single thread dependencies.<ref name="anandtech.com" />

==First generation cores==

===Silverthorne microprocessor===
{{anchor|Silverthorne}}
On 2 March 2008, Intel announced a new single-core Atom Z5xx series processor (code-named Silverthorne), to be used in [[Engineering:Ultra-mobile PC|ultra-mobile PC]]s and [[Mobile Internet device|mobile Internet device]]s (MIDs), which will supersede [[Engineering:Stealey (microprocessor)|Stealey]] (A100 and A110). The processor has 47 million transistors on a 25&nbsp;mm<sup>2</sup> die, allowing for extremely economical production at that time (~2500 chips on a single 300&nbsp;mm diameter wafer).

An Atom Z500 processor's dual-thread performance is equivalent to its predecessor Stealey, but should outperform it on applications that can use simultaneous multithreading and [[SSE3]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zdnet.com/blog/ou/isscc-2008-details-on-intel-silverthorne/987 |title=ISSCC 2008: Details on Intel Silverthorne |last=Ou |first=George |work=ZDNet |publisher=CBS Interactive |date=4 February 2008 |access-date=5 February 2008}}</ref> They run from 0.8 to 2.0&nbsp;GHz and have a TDP rating between 0.65 and 2.4&nbsp;W that can dip down to 0.01&nbsp;W when idle.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zdnet.com/blog/ou/intel-christens-silverthorne-as-atom/1037 |title=Intel christens Silverthorne as "Atom" |last=Ou |first=George |work=ZDNet |publisher=CBS Interactive |date=2 March 2008 |access-date=2 March 2008}}</ref> They feature 32&nbsp;KB instruction L1 and 24&nbsp;KB data L1 caches, 512&nbsp;KB L2 cache and a 533&nbsp;MT/s front-side bus. The processors are manufactured in 45&nbsp;nm process.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.realworldtech.com/page.cfm?ArticleID=RWT120507050619&p=2 |title=ISSCC 2008 Preview: Silverthorne, Rock, Tukwila and More |last=Kanter |first=David |publisher=Real World Technologies |date=5 December 2007 |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-13579_3-9865129-37.html |title=Intel sheds a little more light on Silverthorne |last=Krazit |first=Tom |work=CNET |publisher=CBS Interactive |date=5 February 2008 |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref> Poulsbo was used as System Controller Hub and the platform was called Menlow.

===Diamondville microprocessor===
{{anchor|Diamondville}}
[[File:Samsung NC10 - motherboard - Intel N270 SLB73-92756.jpg|thumb|The Intel Atom N270]]
On 2 March 2008, Intel announced lower-power variants of the Diamondville CPU named Atom N2xx. It was intended for use in nettops and the [[Engineering:Classmate PC|Classmate PC]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.linuxworld.com.au/index.php?id=1200310229&rid=-50 |title=Intel expects Atom desktops for $199 |last=Shah |first=Agam |publisher=LinuxWorld |date=14 March 2008 |access-date=30 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317015411/http://www.linuxworld.com.au/index.php?id=1200310229&rid=-50 |archive-date=17 March 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2008/03/12/intel-plots-100-nettop-market-with-diamondville |title=Intel plots $100 "NetTop" market with Diamondville |last=Miller |first=Paul |work=Engadget |publisher=AOL |date=12 March 2008 |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://gizmodo.com/367936/intel-atom-will-bring-cheaper-nettop-computers |title=Intel Atom Will Bring Cheaper "Nettop" Computers |last=Wilson |first=Mark |work=Gizmodo |publisher=Gawker Media |date=14 March 2008 |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref> Like their predecessors, these are single-core CPUs with Hyper-Threading.

The N270 has a TDP rating of 2.5&nbsp;W, runs at 1.6&nbsp;GHz and has a 533&nbsp;MHz FSB.<ref name="N270">{{cite web |url=http://ark.intel.com/products/36331/Intel-Atom-Processor-N270-512K-Cache-1_60-GHz-533-MHz-FSB | title=Intel® Atom™ Processor N270 (512K Cache, 1.60 GHz, 533 MHz FSB) |publisher=[[Company:Intel|Intel]] |access-date=1 March 2010}}</ref> The N280 has a clock speed of 1.66&nbsp;GHz and a 667&nbsp;MHz FSB.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ark.intel.com/products/41411/Intel-Atom-Processor-N280-512K-Cache-1_66-GHz-667-MHz-FSB |title=Intel® Atom™ Processor N280 (512K Cache, 1.66 GHz, 667 MHz FSB) |publisher=Intel |access-date=1 March 2010}}</ref>

On 22 September 2008, Intel announced a new 64-bit dual-core processor (unofficially code-named Dual Diamondville) branded Atom 330, to be used in desktop computers. It runs at 1.6&nbsp;GHz and has an FSB speed of 533&nbsp;MHz and a TDP rating of 8&nbsp;W. Its dual core consists of two Diamondville dies on a single substrate.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ark.intel.com/products/35641/Intel-Atom-Processor-330-1M-Cache-1_60-GHz-533-MHz-FSB |title=Intel® Atom™ Processor 330 (1M Cache, 1.60 GHz, 533 MHz FSB) |publisher=Intel |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref>

During 2009, [[Company:Nvidia|Nvidia]] used the Atom 300 and their GeForce 9400M chipset on a mini-ITX form factor motherboard for their Ion platform.

===First generation power requirements===
[[File:Intel Atom and Chipset.jpg|thumb|The relatively low power Atom CPU was originally used with a cheaper, not so electricity-efficient chipset such as the Intel 945G.]]
Although the Atom processor itself is relatively low-power for an x86 microprocessor, many chipsets commonly used with it dissipate significantly more power. For example, while the Atom N270 commonly used in netbooks through mid-2010 has a TDP rating of 2.5&nbsp;W, an Intel Atom platform that uses the 945GSE Express chipset has a specified maximum TDP of 11.8&nbsp;W, with the processor responsible for a relatively small portion of the total power dissipated. Individual figures are 2.5&nbsp;W for the N270 processor, 6&nbsp;W for the 945GSE chipset and 3.3&nbsp;W for the 82801GBM I/O controller.<ref name="N270"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ark.intel.com/system.aspx?groupID=36331&configID=27616&chipsetID=36550 |title=Intel® Atom™ Processor with Mobile Intel® 945GSE Express Chipset | publisher=Intel |access-date=4 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080916182944/http://ark.intel.com/system.aspx?groupID=36331&configID=27616&chipsetID=36550 |archive-date=16 September 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ark.intel.com/products/36549/Intel-82945GSE-Graphics-and-Memory-Controller |title=Mobile Intel® 945GSE Express Chipset (Intel® 82945GSE Graphics and Memory Controller) |publisher=Intel |access-date=4 April 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ark.intel.com/products/27680/Intel-82801GBM-IO-Controller |title=Intel® 82801GBM I/O Controller |publisher=Intel |access-date=4 April 2010}}</ref> Intel also provides a US15W System Controller Hub-based chipset with a combined TDP of less than 5&nbsp;W together with the Atom Z5xx (Silverthorne) series processors, to be used in ultra-mobile PCs and MIDs,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.intel.com/design/chipsets/embedded/SCHUS15W/index.htm |title=Intel® System Controller Hub US15W |publisher=Intel |access-date=6 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090118093951/http://www.intel.com/design/chipsets/embedded/SCHUS15W/index.htm |archive-date=18 January 2009}}</ref> though some manufacturers have released ultra-thin systems running these processors (e.g. Sony VAIO X).

Initially, all Atom motherboards on the consumer market featured the Intel 945GC chipset, which uses 22 watts by itself. As of early 2009, only a few manufacturers are offering lower-power motherboards with a 945GSE or US15W chipset and an Atom N270, N280 or Z5xx series CPU.

==Second generation cores==

===Pineview microprocessor===
{{anchor|Pineview}}
[[File:Intel Atom N450 SLBMG 1.66GHz 512kB L2 BGA559.jpg|thumb|New Intel Atom N450 SLBMG 1.66GHz 512KB L2 BGA559]]
On 21 December 2009, Intel announced the N450, D510 and D410 CPUs with integrated graphics.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/2009/20091221comp_sm.htm |title=Intel Announces Next-Generation Atom Platform |publisher=Intel |location=Santa Clara, California |date=21 December 2009 |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref> The new manufacturing process resulted in a 20% reduction in power consumption and a 60% smaller die size.<ref name="pineview">{{cite web |url=http://www.dailytech.com/Intel+Officially+Announces+Pineview+Atom+Chips+Pine+Trail+Netbook+Platform/article17056.htm |title=Intel Officially Announces "Pineview" Atom Chips, "Pine Trail" Netbook Platform |last=Ng |first=Jansen |publisher=DailyTech |date=21 December 2009 |access-date=30 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929150710/http://www.dailytech.com/Intel+Officially+Announces+Pineview+Atom+Chips+Pine+Trail+Netbook+Platform/article17056.htm |archive-date=29 September 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.i4u.com/32716/new-intel-atom-n450-d410-and-d510-cpus-are-official |title=New Intel Atom N450, D410 And D510 CPUs Are Official |last=Lugmayr |first=Luigi |publisher=I4U News |date=20 December 2009 |access-date=4 April 2010}}</ref> The Intel GMA 3150, a 45&nbsp;nm shrink of the GMA 3100 with no HD capabilities, is included as the on-die GPU. Netbooks using this new processor were released on 11 January 2010.<ref name="pineview"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1001_3-10419387-92.html |title=Intel launches redesigned Atom chip for Netbooks |last=Crothers |first=Brooke |work=CNET |publisher=CBS Interactive |date=20 December 2009 |access-date=4 April 2010 |archive-date=16 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616235215/http://news.cnet.com/8301-1001_3-10419387-92.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The major new feature is longer battery life (10 or more hours for 6-cell systems).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2009/12/18/asus-eee-pc-1005p-pe-with-atom-n450-and-12-5-hour-battery-breaks |title=ASUS Eee PC 1005P/PE with Atom N450 and 12.5-hour battery breaks cover |last=Ricker |first=Thomas |work=Engadget |publisher=AOL |date=18 December 2009 |access-date=4 April 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/2890/asus-eee-pc-1005pe-pineview-arrives |title=ASUS Eee PC 1005PE: Pineview Arrives |last=Walton |first=Jarred |publisher=AnandTech |date=21 December 2009 |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref>

This generation of the Atom was codenamed Pineview, which is used in the Pine Trail platform. Intel's Pine Trail-M platform utilizes an Atom processor (codenamed Pineview-M) and Platform Controller Hub (codenamed Tiger Point). The graphics and memory controller have moved into the processor, which is paired with the Tiger Point PCH. This creates a more power-efficient 2-chip platform rather than the 3-chip one used with previous-generation Atom chipsets.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2009/05/20/intel-details-next-generation-atom-platform-say-hello-to-pine-t |title=Intel details next-generation Atom platform, say hello to Pine Trail |last=Melanson |first=Donald |work=Engadget |publisher=AOL |date=20 May 2009 |access-date=4 April 2010}}</ref>

On 1 March 2010, Intel introduced the N470 processor,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.slashgear.com/intel-atom-n470-gets-early-announcement-2775905 |title=Intel Atom N470 gets early announcement |last=Davies |first=Chris |publisher=SlashGear |date=27 February 2010 |access-date=4 April 2010}}</ref> running at 1.83&nbsp;GHz with a 667&nbsp;MHz FSB and a TDP rating of 6.5&nbsp;W.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ark.intel.com/products/46467/Intel-Atom-Processor-N470-(512K-Cache-1_83-GHz) |title=Intel® Atom™ Processor N470 (512K Cache, 1.83 GHz) |publisher=Intel |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref>

The new Atom N4xx chips became available on 11 January 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hardocp.com/news/2009/12/04/vendors_launching_atom_n450_netbooks_soon |title=Vendors Launching Atom N450 Netbooks Soon |work=HardOCP |publisher=KB Networks |date=11 January 2010 |access-date=4 April 2010}}</ref> It is used in [[Engineering:Netbook|netbook]] and [[Engineering:Nettop|nettop]] systems and includes an integrated single-channel DDR2 memory controller and an integrated graphics core. It also features Hyper-Threading and is manufactured on a 45&nbsp;nm process.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/cpu/display/20080401081059_Intel_Atom_Processors_Set_to_Get_Embedded_Graphics_Core_Rumours.html |title=Intel Atom Processors Set to Get Embedded Graphics Core, Memory Controller |last=Shilov |first=Anton |publisher=X-bit Labs |date=1 April 2008 |access-date=12 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080621080244/http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/cpu/display/20080401081059_Intel_Atom_Processors_Set_to_Get_Embedded_Graphics_Core_Rumours.html |archive-date=2008-06-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The new design uses half the power of the older Menlow platform. This reduced overall power consumption and size makes the platform more desirable for use in smartphones and other mobile internet devices.

The D4xx and D5xx series support the [[X86-64|x86-64]] bit instruction set and DDR2-800 memory. They are rated for embedded use. The series has an integrated graphics processor built directly into the CPU to help improve performance. The models are targeted at nettops and low-end desktops. They do not support SpeedStep.

The Atom D510 dual-core processor runs at 1.66&nbsp;GHz, with 1&nbsp;MB of L2 cache and a TDP rating of 13&nbsp;W.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ark.intel.com/products/43098/Intel-Atom-Processor-D510-1M-Cache-1_66-GHz |title=Intel® Atom™ Processor D510 (1M Cache, 1.66 GHz) |publisher=Intel |access-date=10 May 2010}}</ref> The single-core Atom D410 runs at 1.66&nbsp;GHz, with 512&nbsp;KB of L2 cache and a TDP rating of 10&nbsp;W.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ark.intel.com/products/43517/Intel-Atom-Processor-D410-512K-Cache-1_66-GHz |title=Intel® Atom™ Processor D410 (512K Cache, 1.66 GHz) |publisher=Intel |access-date=10 May 2010}}</ref>

===Tunnel Creek microprocessor===
{{anchor|Tunnel Creek}}
Tunnel Creek is an embedded Atom processor used in the Queens Bay platform with the Topcliff PCH.

===Lincroft microprocessor===
{{anchor|Lincroft}}
The Lincroft (Z6xx) with the Whitney Point PCH is included in the [[Engineering:Tablet computer#Oak Trail platform (2011)|Oak Trail]] tablet platform. Oak Trail is an Intel Atom platform based on [[Moorestown (computing platform)|Moorestown]]. Both platforms include a Lincroft microprocessor, but use two distinct input/output Platform Controller Hubs (I/O-PCH), codenamed Langwell and Whitney Point respectively. Oak Trail was presented on 11 April 2011 and was to be released in May 2011.{{update after|2011|05|31}}<ref name="Lincroft">{{cite press release |url=http://newsroom.intel.com/community/intel_newsroom/blog/2011/04/11/new-intel-atom-processor-for-tablets-spurs-companion-computing-device-innovation |title=New Intel® Atom™ Processor for Tablets Spurs Companion Computing Device Innovation |publisher=Intel |date=11 April 2011 |location=Santa Clara, California |access-date=1 January 2011}}</ref> The Z670 processor, part of the Oak Trail platform, delivers improved video playback, faster Internet browsing and longer battery life, "without sacrificing performance" according to Intel. Oak Trail includes support for 1080p video decoding as well as HDMI. The platform also has improved power efficiency and allows applications to run on various operating systems, including Android, MeeGo and Windows.

===Stellarton microprocessor===
{{anchor|Stellarton}}
Stellarton is a Tunnel Creek CPU with an Altera Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).

===Sodaville SoC===
{{anchor|Sodaville}}
Sodaville is a consumer electronics Atom SoC.

===Groveland SoC===
{{anchor|Groveland}}
Groveland is a consumer electronics Atom SoC.

==Third generation cores==
The 32&nbsp;nm shrink of Bonnell is called '''Saltwell'''.

===Cedarview microprocessor===
{{anchor|Cedarview}}
Intel released their third-generation Cedar Trail platform (consisting of a range of Cedarview processors<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ark.intel.com/products/codename/37505 |title=Products (Formerly Cedarview) |publisher=Intel |access-date=30 August 2013 }}</ref> and the NM10 southbridge chip) based on 32&nbsp;nm process technology in the fourth quarter of 2011.<ref name="Lincroft"/> Intel stated that improvements in graphics capabilities, including support for 1080p video, additional display options including HDMI and DisplayPort, and enhancements in power consumption are to enable fanless designs with longer battery life.

The Cedar Trail platform includes two new CPUs, 32&nbsp;nm-based N2800 (1.86&nbsp;GHz) and N2600 (1.6&nbsp;GHz), which replace the previous generation Pineview N4xx and N5xx processors. The CPUs also feature an integrated GPU that supports DirectX&nbsp;9.

In addition to the netbook platform, two new Cedarview CPUs for nettops, D2500 and D2700, were released on 25 September 2011.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/2114035/intel-quietly-launches-atom-chips |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005120603/http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/2114035/intel-quietly-launches-atom-chips |url-status=unfit |archive-date=October 5, 2011 |title=Intel quietly launches four Atom chips |last=Latif |first=Lawrence |work=The Inquirer |publisher=Incisive Media Investments |date=3 October 2011 |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref>

In early March 2012, the N2800-based Intel DN2800MT motherboard<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/motherboards/desktop-motherboards/desktop-board-dn2800mt.html |title=Intel® Desktop Board DN2800MT |publisher=Intel |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref> started to become available. Due to the use of a netbook processor, this Mini-ITX motherboard can reach idle power consumption as low as 7.1&nbsp;W.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.linuxtech.net/reviews/intel_DN2800MT_cedarview_atom_power_draw.html |title=Intel DN2800MT CedarView Atom mini-ITX board power draw testing with Linux and Windows 7 |publisher=LinuxTECH |date=13 March 2012 |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref>

===Penwell SoC===
{{anchor|Penwell}}
Penwell is an Atom SoC that is part of the [[Mobile Internet device#Medfield platform (2012)|Medfield]] MID/Smartphone platform.

===Berryville SoC===
{{anchor|Berryville}}
Berryville is a consumer electronics Atom SoC.

===Cloverview SoC===
{{anchor|Cloverview}}
Cloverview is an Atom SoC that is part of the [[Engineering:Tablet computer#Clover Trail platform (2012)|Clover Trail]] tablet platform.

===Centerton SoC===
{{anchor|Centerton}}

In December 2012, Intel launched the 64-bit Centerton family of Atom CPUs, designed specifically for use in Bordenville platform [[Server (computing)|server]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ark.intel.com/products/codename/60105/Centerton |title=Products (Formerly Centerton) |publisher=Intel |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> Based on the 32&nbsp;nm Saltwell architecture, Centerton adds features previously unavailable in most Atom processors, such as Intel VT [[Hardware virtualization|virtualization]] technology, and support for [[ECC memory]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/6509/intel-launches-centerton-atom-s1200-family-first-atom-for-servers |title=Intel Launches "Centerton" Atom S1200 Family, First Atom For Servers |last=Smith |first=Ryan |publisher=AnandTech |date=11 December 2012 |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref>

===Briarwood SoC===
{{anchor|Briarwood}}

Briarwood is an Atom SoC that is designed for a server platform.

==Roadmap==

==See also==
* [[Engineering:List of Intel CPU microarchitectures|List of Intel CPU microarchitectures]]
* [[Engineering:List of Intel Atom microprocessors|List of Intel Atom microprocessors]]
* [[Engineering:Atom (system on chip)|Atom (system on chip)]]
* Tick-Tock model

==References==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.eetimes.com/news/latest/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=199100535 |title=Intel cranks 45nm ultramobile CPU |last=Merritt |first=Rick |work=EE Times |publisher=UBM Tech |date=18 April 2007 |access-date=28 October 2007}}
* {{cite web |url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-10784_3-9859616-7.html |title=Intel reaches back in time for its ultralow power chips |last=Kanellos |first=Michael |work=CNET |publisher=CBS Interactive |date=28 January 2008 |access-date=29 January 2008}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/20080401comp.htm |title=New Intel® Centrino® Atom™ Processor Technology Ushers in 'Best Internet Experience in Your Pocket' |publisher=Intel |date=2 April 2008 |location=Shanghai |access-date=30 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080404052702/http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/20080401comp.htm |archive-date=4 April 2008}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.xbitlabs.com/articles/cpu/display/intelatom-vianano.html |title=The Battle of Low-Power Processors: Best Choice for a Nettop |last=Gavrichenkov |first=Ilya |publisher=X-bit Labs |date=27 September 2008 |access-date=30 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025162620/http://www.xbitlabs.com/articles/cpu/display/intelatom-vianano.html |archive-date=25 October 2013 }}
* {{cite web |url=http://linuxdevices.com/news/NS4258684770.html |title=Intel announces first Atom chips |work=LinuxDevices.com |publisher=Ziff Davis Enterprise Holdings |date=2 April 2008 |access-date=30 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403233745/http://www.linuxdevices.com/news/NS4258684770.html |archive-date=3 April 2008}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.hardwaresecrets.com/article/615 |title=Inside Atom Architecture |last=Torres |first=Gabriel |publisher=Hardware Secrets |date=12 September 2008 |access-date=30 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602080020/http://www.hardwaresecrets.com/article/615 |archive-date=2 June 2013 }}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.linuxtech.net/features/intel_atom_pineview_motherboards_overview.html |title=Intel Pineview Atom based Motherboards |publisher=LinuxTECH |date=31 December 2009 |access-date=17 November 2017}}
{{refend}}

===Notes===
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [http://www.intel.com/products/processor/atom/index.htm Intel - Intel Atom Processor Overview]
* [http://www.intel.com/technology/atom Intel Atom Processor]
* [http://ark.intel.com/ProductCollection.aspx?familyID=29035 Intel - Intel Atom Processor Family]

{{Intel processors|bonnell}}

[[Category:Intel microarchitectures]]

{{Sourceattribution|Bonnell (microarchitecture)}}