View source for Engineering:CB90-class fast assault craft

{{Short description|Ship class}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin
| sclass = 2
}}
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = Stridsbåt 90.jpg
| Ship caption = Combat Boat 90
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
| Name = 
| Builders = Dockstavarvet, Gotlandsvarvet,
| Operators = See ''[[Engineering:CB90-class fast assault craft#Operators|Operators]]''
| Class before = Tpbs 200
| Class after = 
| Subclasses = 
| Cost = CB90 HSM: {{ShipCost|SWE|22.22|m|year=2017|r=2|qty=1|ref=<ref name="swe2017"/>}}
| Built range = 
| In service range = 
| In commission range = 1991
| Total ships building = 
| Total ships planned = 
| Total ships completed = 250–300
| Total ships cancelled = 
| Total ships active = 
| Total ships laid up = 
| Total ships lost = 
| Total ships retired = 
| Total ships preserved = 
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header = 
| Header caption = 
| Ship class = 
| Ship type = 
| Ship tonnage = 
| Ship displacement = 13,000 kg (28,660 lbs) Empty, 15,300 kg (33,730 lbs) Standard, 20,500 kg (45,190 lbs) Full load
| Ship length = *{{convert|15.9|m|abbr=on}} Overall
*{{convert|14.9|m|abbr=on}} Waterline
| Ship beam = {{convert|3.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship height = 
| Ship draught = {{convert|0.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| Ship draft = 
| Ship depth = 
| Ship hold depth = 
| Ship decks = 
| Ship deck clearance = 
| Ship ramps = 
| Ship ice class = 
| Ship power = 
| Ship propulsion = 2 × 625 bhp [[Company:Scania AB|Scania]] DSI14 V8 Diesel; 2 × Kamewa FF [[Engineering:Pump-jet|water jet]]s
| Ship sail plan = 
| Ship speed = {{convert|40|kn|km/h|0}}
| Ship range = {{convert|240|nmi|km|-1|abbr=on}} at {{convert|20|kn|km/h|0}}
| Ship endurance = 
| Ship test depth = 
| Ship boats = 
| Ship capacity = 
| Ship troops = 
| Ship complement = *3 (two officers and one engineer)
*Up to 21 amphibious troops with full equipment
| Ship crew = 
| Ship time to activate = 
| Ship sensors = 
| Ship EW = 
| Ship armament = *3 × Browning M2HB [[Engineering:Machine gun|machine gun]]s
*1 × [[Engineering:Mk 19 grenade launcher|Mk 19 grenade launcher]]
*4 naval mines or 6 depth charges
*CB90 HSM: 1 × Saab Trackfire RWS
| Ship armour = 
| Ship armor = 
| Ship aircraft = 
| Ship aircraft facilities = 
| Ship notes = 
}}
|}

'''Stridsbåt 90 H(alv)''' (Strb 90 H; CB90) is a class of fast military assault craft used by several countries after being originally developed for the Swedish Navy by Dockstavarvet. Its name means Combat Boat 90 Half; the ''90'' refers to the year of acceptance (1990) and ''Half'' refers to the fact that it can carry and deploy a half platoon of amphibious infantry (18 men)<ref name="forsvarsmakten1">{{cite web |url=http://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/information-och-fakta/materiel-och-teknik/sjo/stridsbat-90-h/ |title=Stridsbåt 90 H  |website=Forsvarsmakten |language=sv |date=2013-09-18 |access-date=2013-11-16}}</ref> fully equipped. The CB90 is an exceptionally fast and agile boat that can execute extremely sharp turns at high speed, decelerate from top speed to a full stop in 2.5 boat lengths, and adjust both its pitch and roll angle while under way. Its light weight, shallow draught, and twin [[Engineering:Pump-jet|water jet]]s allow it to operate at speeds of up to {{convert|40|kn|km/h|0}} in shallow coastal waters.  The water jets are partially ducted, which, along with underwater control surfaces similar to a submarine's [[Engineering:Diving plane|diving plane]]s, gives the CB90 its manoeuvrability.

In addition to the many variants in service with the Swedish Navy under the "Stridsbåt 90H" designation, the CB 90 has been adopted by the navies of Norway (as the S90N), Greece, Mexico (as the CB 90 HMN), the United States (as the Riverine Command Boat), and Malaysia.

== Development and adoption history ==
[[Image:Combat Boat 90.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Stridsbåt 90C]]
In 1988, Dockstavarvet won a competition to design and manufacture a replacement for the aging Tpbs 200 class.  Two prototypes, with pennant number 801 and 802, were delivered in 1989. After completion of field trials, the Swedish Navy signed a purchase order for 120 boats in June 1990.

In 2002, the Swedish Navy ordered an additional 27 boats of a slightly different type, designated Stridsbåt 90 HS - where S refers to ''Skydd'' (''protected'')<ref name="forsvarsmakten1"/> as the Strb 90 HS is armoured and  features [[Physics:CBRN defense|CBRN protection]] (the whole boat can be over-pressurized) - intended for use in international peace-keeping operations. Apart from the addition of armour, it sports air-conditioning for deployment in tropical conditions, fuel cooling system, 230 V generator and more powerful engines. The manufacturer sometimes refers to the model as the ''CB 90 HI'', where the I probably stands for International.

Several of the tasks carried out by the Strb 90 H-variants, were originally intended for the Strb 90 E, which is now almost completely phased out.

The Royal Norwegian Navy evaluated the Strb 90 H in early 1996, and subsequently purchased a total of 20 boats, designated 90 N (for ''Norsk utgave'', literally ''Norwegian version'').

The Mexican Navy acquired 40 units (designated CB 90 HMN) between 1999 and 2001, and obtained a production license in 2002, allowing further units to be manufactured in Mexico. Since then eight additional units have been built.

The German Water Police rented a Combat Boat 90H from the manufacturer Dockstavarvet for the 33rd G8 summit in Heiligendamm, Germany. This boat was involved in a high-speed chase with three Greenpeace RIBs which were trying to enter the restricted area near the hotel where the meeting was being held. A video clip of the incident was later widely spread around the internet.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.svd.se/dynamiskt/utrikes/did_15710096.asp |title=Svensk stridsbåt stoppade G8-protest |trans-title=Swedish patrol boat stopped G8 protest |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=7 June 2007 |newspaper=Svenska Dagbladet |language=sv |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929142300/http://www.svd.se/dynamiskt/utrikes/did_15710096.asp |archive-date=September 29, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/0,1518,487210,00.html |title=Greenpeace-Boote dringen in G-8-Sperrzone ein |trans-title=Greenpeace boats enter G-8 Exclusion Zone |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=7 June 2007 |newspaper=Der Spiegel |language=de}}</ref>

In July 2007 The United States Navy Expeditionary Combat Command (NECC) specified the CB90 for testing as its Riverine Command Boat. SAFE Boats International of Bremerton, Washington, was given a US$2.8 million contract to produce one prototype. The CB90 was subsequently adopted, and two were involved in an incident with Iran in 2016.

In June 2009 an unknown buyer from Abu Dhabi bought two civilian luxury versions.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://di.se/Avdelningar/Artikel.aspx?ArticleID=2009\05\29\339382&sectionid=BilMotor |title=BilMotor |date=29 May 2009 |newspaper=Dagens industri |language=sv |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090608163658/http://di.se/Avdelningar/Artikel.aspx?ArticleID=2009 |archive-date=June 8, 2009}}</ref>

In 2010, Dockstavarvet Shipyard modified two CB90's to be carried in the davits of Dutch and UK Navy [[Engineering:Amphibious transport dock|Landing Platform Dock]]s. During these six months trials, the two boats and a full Swedish boat squadron were embarked on a Royal Netherlands Navy LPD as a fully integrated element of the amphibious forces aboard and successfully deployed.
[[File:CB90 outside Gothenburg 2012-05-22.JPG|thumb|In Gothenburg, Sweden]]

In 2013 JSC Pella Shipyard near St Petersburg launched the first Russian built [[Engineering:Raptor-class patrol boat|Raptor-class patrol boat]] "Raptor",<ref>{{cite web |url=http://warsonline.info/vmf/zavershaiutsya-ispitaniya-katera-rm-15-raptor.html |title=Завершаются испытания быстроходного катера специального назначения РМ-15 проекта 03160 "Раптор" |trans-title=Testing of the RM-15 special-purpose high-speed boat of project 03160 "Raptor" is being completed |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=25 September 2013 |website=Military Observer |language=ru |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109192137/http://warsonline.info/vmf/zavershaiutsya-ispitaniya-katera-rm-15-raptor.html |archive-date=9 November 2013}}</ref> but while the ships are strikingly similar there is no indication Dockstavarvet has been involved or licensed the design to Pella.

== Versions ==
[[Image:CombatBoat90HMG.jpg|thumb|right|Two .50 cal heavy machine guns seen here in front of the helmsman's position]]
[[File:US Navy 051112-F-5789F-004 U.S. and Royal Norwegian Navy personnel monitor a Norwegian S90N combat boat as it is lifted aboard the U.S. Navy's dock landing ship USS Gunston Hall (LSD-44).jpg|thumb|right|Royal Norwegian Navy S90N]]
Several Strb 90 H have been converted by the Swedish Navy to fill various roles:

* The Strb 90 L is outfitted for battalion-level command and control, with computer and communications equipment and an auxiliary [[Engineering:Electrical generator|generator]] to provide electrical power when the engines are not running.  The L stands for ''ledning'' (''command'' or ''leadership'').
* The Strb 90 KompL is a plain Strb 90 H in which portable computer and communications equipment has been installed, allowing it to temporarily provide company-level command and control.  Electrical power is provided by a rather loud portable [[Engineering:Electrical generator|generator]] installed on deck.
* The Strb 90 HS is designed for overseas peace-keeping and rescue operations.  It is modified to keep its crew comfortable in Mediterranean conditions, with [[Physics:Air conditioning|air conditioning]], an auxiliary generator, a [[Engineering:Head (watercraft)|head]], and more comfortable crew stations.  More importantly, it is armored, and its engines have been upgraded to compensate for the added weight.
* At least one Strb 90 H, pennant number 802, is equipped with a decompression chamber.
* The Swedish Police operate one unarmed Strb 90 H equipped with bunks, a [[Engineering:Pantry|pantry]] and a crew lounge.
* The Swedish Sea Rescue Society operates two unarmed Strb 90 Hs converted for search and rescue.
* Hellenic Coast Guard operate also since 1998 three CB90 under the CB90HCG which is a slightly different version of the Norwegian Navy Version

=== Norwegian version===
The Royal Norwegian Navy operates 20 CB90s under the designation SB90N; the N simply stands for ''Norsk utgave'' (''Norwegian version'').  The S90N differs from the Strb 90 H in a few areas:

* It is armed with two [[Engineering:M2 Browning|M2 Browning]] heavy machine guns (port and starboard), and a Sea PROTECTOR Remote controlled weapon station.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.tu.no/artikler/norske-stridsbater-blir-atte-knop-raskere-og-treffer-med-forste-skudd/232414 |title=Norske stridsbåter blir åtte knop raskere og treffer med første skudd |trans-title=Norwegian patrol boats are eight knots faster and hit with the first shot |language=no |first=Per Erlien |last=Dalløkken |date=30 October 2014 |website=Teknisk Ukeblad}}</ref>
* The [[Engineering:Anchor|anchor]] [[Engineering:Winch|winch]] is motorized, and the [[Engineering:Anchor|anchor]] is mounted at the [[Engineering:Stern|stern]], allowing a grounded S90N to tow itself afloat rather than risk damage to its [[Physics:Impeller|impeller]]s.
* It carries an auxiliary [[Engineering:Electrical generator|generator]] which provides electrical power to navigation and communications systems even when the engines are not running.
* The troop compartment has a higher deck height, making it possible for most people to stand without crouching.
* It has two water tight compartments in the bow, having an extra room for toilet and stores.
* It has a much more sophisticated navigation equipment based on GPS-technology delivered by Kongsberg Seatex AS.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/year-2013-news/november-2013-navy-naval-forces-maritime-industry-technology-security-global-news/1369--the-royal-norwegian-navy-is-acquiring-navigation-equipment-package-for-combat-boat-90.html |title=The Royal Norwegian Navy is acquiring Navigation Equipment Package for Combat Boat 90 |date=November 23, 2013 |website=Navy Recognition}}</ref>

At least one S90N has been reconfigured into a floating ambulance.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ambulanseforum.no/artikler/kriseplanen-for-luftambulanse-overgangen-forsvaret-har-ingen-ekstra-beredskap |title=Kriseplanen for luftambulanse-overgangen. Forsvaret: Har ingen ekstra beredskap |trans-title=The emergency plan for the air ambulance transition. The Armed Forces has no extra readiness |language=no |first=Live |last=Oftedahl |date=July 3, 2019 |website=Ambulanseforum.no}}</ref>

In 2004, the Royal Norwegian Navy conducted tests (including a live fire exercise) to evaluate the effectiveness of the SB90N as an aiming and launching platform for the Hellfire missile.  One SB90N was equipped with stabilized Hellfire-launcher based on the Protector (RWS), and its machine gun was replaced with a [[Engineering:Gimbal|gimbal]]-mounted sensor package containing visible-light and infrared cameras and a laser designator.  Although the tests were successful, there is currently no indication that the Royal Norwegian Navy will actually deploy SB90Ns armed with Hellfire missiles in regular service. The Hellfire can still be carried on the boats without launching platforms and be fired from shore with the Portable Ground Launch System.

The CB90s are used by the Coastal Ranger Commando.

== Incidents and accidents involving CB90s ==
In mid-1999, one CB90 (No. 820) belonging to the Swedish Karlskrona Coastal Artillery Regiment (KA2) crashed into a concrete pier at approximately {{convert|30|kn|km/h|0}}. There were eight soldiers on board; seven of them sustained more or less severe injuries, including fractures, while one soldier who was standing in the machine gun ring-mount on mid-deck remained physically unhurt.

On June 13, 2004, several Strb 90 H from the Swedish First Marine Regiment (AMF1) were sailing at high speed in convoy formation when one of them abruptly reduced speed (allegedly so its wake would not upset a smaller sailboat).  The boat immediately behind it failed to react and rammed it.  Two soldiers who were above deck at the time of the accident were hit and thrown in the water; both were killed almost instantly.

On the night of October 23, 2006, a CB90 sank off of Hamnudden, east of [[Earth:Utö, Sweden|Utö]] in the Stockholm archipelago. The boat was traveling at {{convert|11|kn|km/h|0}} due to the bad weather when it suddenly began to take on water from the bow. It then sank in less than ten minutes. All of the crew of 16 were quickly picked up by other ships that were nearby. No one was physically injured, but the crew suffered from shock and hypothermia when picked up.

On October 5, 2014, a Royal Malaysian Navy CB90 bearing registration number CB204 was reported lost at sea due to storm and high tides. There were seven crewmen on board. The boat was last detected at 1.05pm some 57 nautical miles off Labuan Island. The boat was found on October 6 near Station Lima, after its distress call was heard by KD Paus, a Jerung-class gunboat, with no injuries to all 7 crew. It was reportedly caused by engine and steering problems.

On January 12, 2016, two U.S. Navy riverine command boats were "taken into custody" by [[Religion:Iran|Iran]]'s Revolutionary Guards' Navy near Farsi island in Persian Gulf. An Iranian state-run news outlet reported that 10 U.S. sailors had been "arrested" even though Iranian and U.S. officials said that none of the sailors were harmed and that they would be released promptly. Officials have stated that one of the boats broke down very close to Iranian territorial waters and after drifting for a short time both were picked up by Iranian forces.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2016/01/12/these-are-the-u-s-navy-riverine-command-boats-that-iran-just-took-into-custody/ |title=These are the U.S. Navy riverine command boats that Iran just 'took into custody' |first=Thomas |last=Gibbons-Neff |date=January 12, 2016 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> According to ''Stars and Stripes'' newspaper, the crews were released a short time later.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.stripes.com/news/middle-east/us-navy-sailors-held-by-iran-are-released-with-their-boats-1.388443 |title=Iran releases US sailors one day after detention at Farsi Island |first=Tara |last=Copp |date=January 13, 2016 |newspaper=Stars and Stripes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816231513/http://www.stripes.com/news/middle-east/iran-releases-us-sailors-one-day-after-detention-at-farsi-island-1.388443 |archive-date=16 August 2016}}</ref>

== Operators ==
The German Navy has been examining procurement for CB90 since 2023. The BAAINBw is testing the boat; a possible competitor is the patrol boat [[Engineering:Watercat M14-class landing craft|Watercat M 18 AMC]] from the Finnish manufacturer Marine Alutech. Up to 15 units are to be procured, which are to be used for port protection tasks and patrols.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MarineForum |date=2023-06-27 |title=Kampfboote, es ist soweit..... |url=https://marineforum.online/kampfboote-es-ist-soweit/ |access-date=2023-08-12 |website=marineforum |language=de-DE}}</ref> 
[[File:US Navy 110818-N-YO394-075 Sailors from Riverine Squadron 1 perform a live boat demonstration.jpg|thumb|right|US Navy Riverine Squadron [[Engineering:Small unit riverine craft|small unit riverine craft]] (left) and a Riverine Command Boat (right), 2011]]
;{{GRE}}: 
*Hellenic Coast Guard: 3 
*Hellenic Army<ref>{{cite web |title=Aποκλειστικό: Ο Στρατός Ξηράς σχεδιάζει την απόκτηση νέων ταχυπλόων με επίκεντρο το CB-90 |url=https://defencereview.gr/apokleistiko-o-stratos-xiras-schediaze/ |website=defencereview.gr |access-date=26 July 2022| language=Greek}}</ref>
;{{MAS}}: Malaysian Navy: 5 unit CB90, 12 unit CB90HEX
;{{MEX}}: Mexican Navy: 48
;{{NOR}}: Royal Norwegian Navy: 20
;{{SWE}}: Royal Swedish Navy: 147 in service, 18 on order<ref name="swe2017">{{cite web |title=Sweden orders additional 18 CB90-class fast assault craft |url=http://navaltoday.com/2017/07/10/sweden-orders-additional-18-cb90-class-fast-assault-craft/ |website=Naval Today |access-date=11 July 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170711233729/http://navaltoday.com/2017/07/10/sweden-orders-additional-18-cb90-class-fast-assault-craft/ |archive-date=11 July 2017 |date=10 July 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
;{{UK}}: Royal Navy: 4, formerly leased from the Royal Swedish Navy, used to evaluate the option of potential acquisition and returned to the Swedish Navy.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2013/february/20/130220-royal-marines-host-swedish-counterparts |title=Royal Marines host Swedish colleagues at new amphibious centre |date=20 February 2013 |website=Royal Navy |access-date=29 December 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217060751/http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2013/february/20/130220-royal-marines-host-swedish-counterparts |archive-date=February 17, 2016}}</ref>
;{{USA}}: US Navy: 2, known as 'Riverine Command Boat'<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navytimes.com/news/2007/08/navy_attackboat_070801/ |title=New riverine boats are fast, lethal, flexible |first=Andrew |last=Scutro |date=August 2, 2007 |website=Navy Times |access-date=2010-11-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160116124341/https://www.archive.militarytimes.com/article/20070801/NEWS/708010326/New-riverine-boats-fast-lethal-flexible |archive-date=2016-01-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.mil/view_single.asp?id=81689 |title=Sailors assigned to Riverine Group 1 conduct maneuver training aboard a riverine command boat at Naval Amphibious Base Little Creek |date=September 25, 2009 |website=US Navy News |access-date=2010-11-15 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120805113826/http://www.navy.mil/view_single.asp?id=81689 |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 5, 2012 }}</ref>
;{{PER}}: Marina de Guerra del Perú: [[Company:SIMA|SIMA Peru]] will build, on behalf of the Peruvian Navy, in agreement with the N.Sundin Dockstavarvet factory, a subsidiary of the Swedish group SAAB, the first 2 ultra-fast combat boats out of a total of 24 that will be used for maritime interdiction work on the Peruvian coast.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.infodefensa.com/latam/2020/11/28/noticia-recibe-planos-lanchas-interdiccion-ensamblaje.html |title=SIMA recibe los planos de las lanchas CB 90 para su ensamblaje en Perú |trans-title=SIMA receives the plans for the CB 90 boats for assembly in Peru |language=es |website=Infodefensa |date=28 November 2020}}</ref>

== Related development ==
*[[Engineering:Storebro SB90E|Storebro SB90E]]
*Combat Boat 2010

==See also==
*G class landing craft
*Uisko class landing craft
*Jurmo class landing craft
*[[Engineering:Jehu-class landing craft|Jehu-class landing craft]]
*[[Engineering:KMC Komando|KMC Komando]]
*Multi-purpose Attack Craft
*[[Engineering:Raptor-class patrol boat|Project 03160 "Raptor" High-Speed Patrol Boat]]
*Cotecmar LPR-40
*[[Engineering:Centaur-class fast assault craft|Centaur-class fast assault craft]]
*[[Engineering:Mark V Special Operations Craft|Mark V Special Operations Craft]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
*{{in lang|sv}} [http://www.soldf.com/strb90h.html Stridsbåt 90H] at SoldF.com, an unofficial site dedicated to information about Swedish military materiel.
*{{in lang|no}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20050420144950/http://www.mil.no/start/article.jhtml?articleID=78157 Et fremtidsrettet prosjekt], an article about the Hellfire experiment on the official web site of the Norwegian military.
*{{in lang|en}} [http://www.primeportal.net/naval/caela_sondrol/cb90/ A series of pictures of a Norwegian S90N]

== External links ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110715223138/http://www.safeboats.com/default/videos/rcb.wmv Video of CB90 in action on the Amazon River] (Windows Media Player) Note: Commercial video, but shows the boat's capabilities.
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYXBvCrzbHo (YouTube) CB 90 Hellfire Trials].
*[http://www.soldf.com/strb90h.html SoldF about Strb 90H, in Swedish]
[[Category:Military boats]]

{{Sourceattribution|CB90-class fast assault craft}}