View source for Engineering:Challenger (clipper)

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|Ship image=Challengerclipper.jpg
|Ship caption=''Challenger''
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|Ship country=United Kingdom
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|civil}}
|Ship name=''Challenger''
|Ship namesake=
|Ship owner=*Hugh Hamilton Lindsay (1852–1865)
*Killick Martin & Company (1865–1868)
*William Stewart (1868)
*John Grice, Thomas Grice & James Septimus Grice (1868–1871)
*Unknown (1871)
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|Ship builder=Richard & Henry Green, [[Company:Blackwall Yard|Blackwall Yard]]
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|Ship launched=23 December 1852
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|Ship fate=Abandoned, 1871
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|Ship class=[[Engineering:Clipper|Clipper]]
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'''''Challenger''''' was a wooden [[Engineering:Clipper|clipper]] ship built in 1852 by Richard & Henry Green, in their [[Company:Blackwall Yard|Blackwall Yard]] for Hugh Hamilton Lindsay, London. She was the 291st ship built by the yard and was a remarkable departure from the previous ships produced. In 1850 the American clipper ship ''Oriental'' visited West India Docks, the largest clipper ship to visit London and the Admiralty was given permission to take her lines, and this was done by Messrs Waymouth and Cornish, both Lloyd's Surveyors, in the dry dock at Green's Yard in Blackwell. This is probably the reason that it was said that ''Challenger''{{'}}s design was inspired by and had a close resemblance to the ''Oriental''{{'}}s.

From ''The Copartnership Herald'', Vol. I, no. 8 (October 1931)
{{blockquote|...American ships, which still held the supremacy until soon after Richard Green had declared his decision not to be beaten by them. He had a new tea clipper built at his yard at Blackwall, called the Challenger, of 699 tons, and she was sent off to China, Captained by James Killick in 1852. Having loaded tea at Shanghai, she set out for London, calling in at Anjer, where she met the American ship, Challenge, which was on her way to London with a cargo of tea from Canton. The Challenge was a 2,000 tonner, built expressly for speed and capacity, and was the largest clipper built by the Americans until that time. So it was that a race home was started by these two vessels, the smaller British clipper gaining London two days ahead of her huge rival. Naturally, this set the hearts of all the British owners aglow, and was instrumental in urging on the efforts of our shippers to capture the China trade.}}

On 8 August 1853 Captain James Killick commenced another race with ''Challenger'' against the American clipper ''Nightingale'' from Shanghai. ''Challenger'' reached Deal on the 26 November, 2 days earlier than ''Nightingale''.

Under Captain James Killick's command ''Challenger'' took an average journey time from Shanghai and Hankow of 115 days. After he relinquished command this extended to an average of 129 days.

Between 14 June and 20 October 1863 ''Challenger'' sailed from Hankow to [[Place:London|London]] in 128 days with a cargo of tea at £7 10s to £8 per ton.

She measured 174'×32'×20' and tonnage 699 NM, 649,74 GRT & NRT, and 614,07 tons under deck.

She was designed for the {{wipe|China}} tea trade.

In 1865 ''Challenger'' was purchased by Killick Martin & Company and operated by them until 1868. Killick Martin & Company was founded by the former Captain of Challenger James Killick.

In 1868 she was sold to William Stewart, London, but sold four days later to John Grice, Thomas Grice & James Septimus Grice, London.

She was sold again in 1871 and transferred to Melbourne, but abandoned shortly afterward at 48°N, 13°W, southwest of the port of Plymouth, England.

In July 1984 Killick Martin & Company were presented with a painting by artist Hugh Spink of ''Challenger'' by Ben Line Agencies to commemorate their 100th Anniversary of representing them as Liner Agents in London.

During the 1980s until 1999, 42 Adler Street in Aldgate was occupied by ''Challenger''{{'}}s  former owners Killick Martin & Company Ltd and the building was named "Challenger House". The building is still there today, retains the name Challenger House and is leased to Qbic, who operate a 171-room hotel at the site.

==Memorial==
[[File:Richard Green's statue, eastern relief - geograph.org.uk - 863604.jpg|thumb|303px|right|Richard Green's ship, the ''Challenger'']]
She is commemorated by a bas relief, on the side of the statue of Richard Green. The statue stands outside the Poplar Baths in London, not far from where she was built.<ref>{{cite web|title=Richard Green statue|url=http://www.pmsa.org.uk/pmsa-database/3006/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006073900/http://www.pmsa.org.uk/pmsa-database/3006/|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 October 2014|website=PMSA Public Monuments & Sculpture Association|accessdate=12 May 2018}}</ref>

==External links==
*[http://www.bruzelius.info/Nautica/Ships/Clippers/Challenger(1852).html ''Challenger'' 1852]

==References==
<references />
{{refbegin}}
* ''It Is Not Death to Die''; Jim Cromarty; OMF books 2001
* ''The China Bird: The History of Captain Killick, and the Firm He Founded, Killick Martin & Company''; David MacGregor; Conway Maritime Press. {{ISBN|978-0-85177-381-0}}.
* ''The Tea Clippers 1833-1875''; David MacGregor; {{ISBN|0 85177 256 0}}
* ''The China Clippers''; Basil Lubbock; 1914.

{{refend}}


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[[Category:Individual sailing vessels]]

{{Sourceattribution|Challenger (clipper)}}