View source for Engineering:Fairness to Contact Lens Consumers Act

{{Short description|United States federal law for contact lenses}}
{{Infobox U.S. legislation
| shorttitle        = Fairness to Contact Lens Consumers Act
| longtitle         = An act to provide for availability of contact lens prescriptions to patients, and for other purposes.
| colloquialacronym = 
| nickname          = 
| enacted by        = 108th
| effective date    = 4 February 2004
| public law url    = 
| cite public law   = {{USPL|108|164}}
| cite statutes at large = {{USStat|117|2024}}
| acts amended    = 
| acts repealed   = 
| title amended   = 15
| sections created = {{USC|15|7601|7610}}
| sections amended = 
| leghisturl      = 
| introducedin    = House
| introducedbill  = {{USBill|108|H.R.|3140}}
| introducedby    = Richard Burr (R-NC-5)
| introduceddate  = 23 September 2003
| committees      = Energy and Commerce
| passedbody1     = House
| passeddate1     = 19 November 2003
| passedvote1     = 406-12
| passedbody2     = Senate
| passeddate2     = 20 November 2003
| passedvote2     = Unanimous Consent
| signedpresident = George W. Bush
| signeddate      = 6 December 2003
| amendments      = 
| SCOTUS cases    = 
}}

The '''Fairness to Contact Lens Consumers Act''' ({{USStatute|108|164|117|2024}}, codified at {{usctc|15|102}} ''et seq.''), {{citation needed span|text=also known as '''FCLCA''',|date=October 2016}} is a United States federal law that aims to improve consumer protection and [[Biology:Human eye|ocular]] health for [[Engineering:Contact lens|contact lens]] users.<ref name=HR3140>{{USBill|108|H.R.|3140|which=yes|site=yes}}</ref>

==Provisions==
The Act gives consumers certain rights, including increasing their ability to choose where to shop and the right to have a copy of their own [[Medicine:Eyeglass prescription|contact lens prescription]]. It also imposed certain responsibilities on lens prescribers and sellers, and required the Federal Trade Commission to develop and enforce implementing rules, which it did in July 2004. The Act extended to contact lens wearers rights similar to those enjoyed by eyeglass wearers for 25 years before the adoption of the Act, especially in relation to ensuring [[Finance:Competition (economics)|competition]] in the market.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Federal Register :: Request Access |url=https://unblock.federalregister.gov/ |access-date=2022-11-23 |website=unblock.federalregister.gov}}</ref>

Under the Rule issued by the FTC, contact lens prescribers - defined as anyone permitted under state law to issue prescriptions for contact lenses, which include ophthalmologists, optometrists, and licensed [[Medicine:Optician|optician]]s who are permitted under state law to fit contact lenses (sometimes called ''dispensing opticians'') must give a copy of the contact lens prescription to the patient at the end of the contact lens fitting, even if the patient doesn't ask for it. Prescribers must also provide or verify the contact lens prescription to anyone who designated to act on behalf of the patient, including contact lens sellers. Prescribers are also barred from requiring patients to buy contact lenses, pay additional fees, sign [[Social:Waiver|waiver]]s or releases in exchange for a copy of their prescription, or disclaim [[Social:Legal liability|liability]] or responsibility for the accuracy of an eye examination.

==Contention==
Some contend that prescribers may, within the law, require patients to buy contact lenses prior to prescribing, thus skirting the intent of the Act. Per the FTC: “’Specialty’’ or custom-made lenses are sometimes necessary to complete the fitting process. To the extent these lenses are necessary to complete the fitting process, prescribers may charge patients for such lenses as part of the cost of the fitting process, and as such may condition the release of a contact lens prescription on payment of the fitting fee.”

Prescribers have expressed concern that they may be liable for defects in contacts provided by a third party. The law does not impose liability for this; liability is determined by state laws.

==Legislative history==
The Act was introduced in the House of Representatives of the 108th Congress as '''H.R. 3140'''. Its long title is '''''An act to provide for availability of contact lens prescriptions to patients, and for other purposes'''''.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=APME|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D7wcD0Cl7OkC&dq=An+act+to+provide+for+availability+of+contact+lens+prescriptions+to+patients%2C+and+for+other+purposes&pg=PA337|title=Business Aspects of Optometry E-Book: Association of Practice Management Educators|last2=Classe|first2=John G.|last3=Thal|first3=Lawrence S.|last4=Kamen|first4=Roger D.|last5=Rounds|first5=Ronald S.|date=2004-02-19|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-1-4557-2825-1|language=en}}</ref> It passed the House on November 19, 2003, and passed the Senate on November 20, 2003, and was enacted when President George W. Bush signed it into law on December 6, 2003, as {{USPL|108|164}}). It [[Social:Effective date|took effect]] on February 4, 2004. The Federal Trade Commission's notice of proposed rulemaking appeared in the ''Federal Register'' on 4 February 2004, and FTC accepted comments from various organizations through 5 April 2004.<ref name="FinalRulePress" /> Comments received by FTC included contentions over the stipulation relating to the time in which a prescriber needs to verify a lens prescription.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ftc.gov/os/comments/contactlensrule/04-02235-0974.pdf |title=Comment #974: AC Lens |first1=Peter M. |last1=Clarkson |author2=Arlington Contact Lens Service, Inc. |website=Federal Trade Commission |archive-date=2004-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041026043805/http://www.ftc.gov/os/comments/contactlensrule/04-02235-0974.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ftc.gov/os/comments/contactlensrule/04-02235-1156.pdf |title=Comment #1156: Opticians Association of Ohio |last1=Lothes |first1=Chip |author2=Opticians Association of Ohio |date=19 March 2004 |website=Federal Trade Commission |archive-date=2004-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041026035730/http://www.ftc.gov/os/comments/contactlensrule/04-02235-1156.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The final ruling on the law was released by the FTC in July 2004.<ref name="FinalRulePress">{{cite press release|first=Jen |last=Schwartzman |date=29 June 2004 |publisher=Federal Trade Commission |url=http://www.ftc.gov/opa/2004/06/contactlens.shtm |title=FTC Issues Final Rule Implementing Fairness to Contact Lens Consumers Act |archive-date=2007-04-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070415060304/http://www.ftc.gov/opa/2004/06/contactlens.shtm |url-status=dead }}</ref> In October 2004, the FTC released a ''A Guide for Prescribers and Sellers''.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Contact Lens Rule: A Guide for Prescribers and Sellers |date=October 2004 |url=http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/edu/pubs/business/health/bus62.shtm |website=Federal Trade Commission |archive-date=2009-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090109002138/http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/edu/pubs/business/health/bus62.shtm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The Act followed a surge in the use of contact lenses by Americans, which had been increasing ever since soft contact lenses became commercially available. The Act also followed a 1997 investigation by 17 state attorneys general that found that purchasers of contact lenses from eye care practitioners had no fewer ocular health problems than purchasers of contact lenses from other sources.{{Citation needed |date=October 2016}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{USBill|107|H.R.|2663|which=yes}} Contact Lens Prescription Release Act of 2001; similar legislation introduced in the previous Congress, died in committee.
* {{USBill|108|H.R.|2221|which=yes}} An earlier draft of this law.
* {{cite journal |author1=House of Representatives 108th Congress, 1st Session |date=12 September 2003 |title=Fairness to Contact Lens Consumers Act: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Consumer Protection of the Committee on Energy and Commerce |journal=United States Congressional Serial Set |volume=108 |issue=41 |publication-date=20 October 2003 |publisher=Government Publishing Office |url=http://njlaw.rutgers.edu/collections/gdoc/hearings/2003/2003505727.pdf |via=Rutgers Law Library: Congressional Documents Online }}
* {{cite report |author1=House of Representatives 108th Congress, 1st Session |author2=Committee on Energy and Commerce |date=15 October 2003 |title=Report to accompany H.R. 3140 |url=https://www.congress.gov/108/crpt/hrpt318/CRPT-108hrpt318.pdf |publisher=Library of Congress |docket=Report 108–318 }}
* {{Federal Register|69|5439}} {{cite journal |author=Federal Trade Commission |date=4 February 2004 |title=Contact Lens Rule; Ophthalmic Practice Rules (Proposed Rule) |journal=Federal Register |volume=69 |pages=5439–5450 }}
* {{Federal Register|69|40481}} {{cite journal |author=Federal Trade Commission |date=2 July 2004 |title=Contact Lens Rule (Final Rule) |journal=Federal Register |volume=69 |pages=40481–40511 }}
* {{cite journal |author=Federal Trade Commission |date=3 September 2015 |title=Contact Lens Rule (Proposed Rule) |journal=Federal Register |volume=80 |pages=53272–53274 }}
* {{Federal Register|81|7716}} {{cite journal |author=Federal Trade Commission |date=16 February 2016 |title=Regulatory Review Schedule |journal=Federal Register |volume=81 |pages=7716–7717 }}

==External links==
*[http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=108_cong_public_laws&docid=f:publ164.108.pdf Text of the Act] from the Government Printing Office
*{{cite web|title=Complying with the Contact Lens Rule |date=August 2005 |website=Federal Trade Commission |url=https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/complying-contact-lens-rule |url-status=live |archive-date=2016-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918032247/https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/complying-contact-lens-rule }}
* [https://lensio.co/contact-lens-rule-guide/ A Guide to the FTC's Contact Lens Rule] from Lensio, a prescription verification service provider
* {{cite web|first=Beverly |last=Limbaugh |date=1 March 2006 |title=Fairness to Contact Lens Consumers Act (FCLCA) [FAQ] |url=http://www.msbo.ms.gov/msbo/opto.nsf/webpages/FAQs_FAQs/$FILE/FairnesstoContactLensConsumersAct.pdf?OpenElement |format=PDF |website=Mississippi State Board of Optometry |archive-date=2006-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060930071313/http://www.msbo.ms.gov/msbo/opto.nsf/webpages/FAQs_FAQs/$FILE/FairnesstoContactLensConsumersAct.pdf?OpenElement |url-status=dead }}


[[Category:Contact lenses]]

{{Sourceattribution|Fairness to Contact Lens Consumers Act}}