View source for Engineering:Grumman G-21 Goose

{{Short description|Amphibious flying boat}}
<!-- This article is a part of Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft. Please see Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout. -->
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
 |name = G-21/JRF Goose
 |image = File:JRF-5 NAS Jax 1942.jpg
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
 |type = Transport [[Engineering:Amphibious aircraft|amphibious aircraft]]
 |manufacturer = [[Company:Grumman|Grumman]]
 |designer =
 |first flight = 29 May 1937
 |introduced =
 |retired =
 |produced =
 |number built = 345
 |status =
 |unit cost = JRF-6B: {{AircraftCost|USA|62180.00|year=1942}}
 |primary user = United States Navy
 |more users = {{wipe|United States Army Air Forces}} <br/>{{wipe|Royal Air Force}} <br/>{{wipe|Royal Canadian Air Force}}
 |variants= [[Engineering:Kaman K-16B|Kaman K-16B]]
}}
|}

The '''Grumman G-21 Goose''' is an [[Engineering:Amphibious aircraft|amphibious]] [[Engineering:Flying boat|flying boat]] designed by [[Company:Grumman|Grumman]] to serve as an eight-seat "commuter" aircraft for businessmen in the Long Island area. The Goose was Grumman's first [[Engineering:Monoplane|monoplane]] to fly, its first twin-engined aircraft, and its first aircraft to enter commercial airline service. During [[Social:World War II|World War II]], the Goose became an effective transport for the US military (including the United States Coast Guard), as well as serving with many other air forces. During hostilities, the Goose took on an increasing number of combat and training roles.

==Design and development==
[[File:Grumman Goose.JPG|thumb|Preserved ex-British JRF-6B Goose in U.S. Navy JRF-1 markings]]

In 1936, a group of wealthy residents of Long Island, including E. Roland Harriman, approached Grumman and commissioned an aircraft that they could use to fly to New York City.<ref name="AN">[http://www.antillesseaplanes.com/history.htm "Goose."] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130101213826/http://www.antillesseaplanes.com/history.htm |date=2013-01-01 }} ''Antilles Seaplanes history page''. Retrieved:  August 30, 2008.</ref> In response, the Grumman Model '''G-21''' was designed as a light amphibious transport. Grumman produced a high-wing monoplane of almost all-metal construction—the trailing half of the main wing and all of the flight control surfaces except for the flaps were fabric-covered. It was powered by two {{convert|450|hp|kW}} Pratt & Whitney R-985 Wasp Junior nine-cylinder, air-cooled, radial engines mounted on the leading edges of the wings. The deep fuselage served also as a hull and was equipped with hand-cranked retractable landing gear. First flight of the prototype took place on May 29, 1937.<ref name="AWG">[http://aerofiles.com/_grum.html "Grumman Goose."] {{webarchive|url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110805001242/http://aerofiles.com/_grum.html |date=2011-08-05 }} ''Aerofiles.com Grumman page''. Retrieved:  August 30, 2008.</ref>

The fuselage also proved versatile, as it provided generous interior space that allowed fitting for either a transport or luxury airliner role. Having an amphibious configuration also allowed the G-21 to go just about anywhere, and  plans were made to market it as an amphibian airliner.<ref>Truelson 1976</ref><!-- Page number to come.-->

===Modifications===
[[File:Grumman.McK G-21G N70AL OSH 29.07.10R edited-2.jpg|thumb|McKinnon G-21G Turbo Goose conversion with {{cvt|680|shp}} Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-27 turboprops]]
A number of modifications were made for the Goose, but the most numerous are those by McKinnon Enterprises of Sandy, Oregon, which holds 21 supplemental type certificates (STCs) for modifying G-21-series aircraft and which also manufactured four different conversions that were recertified under a separate FAA [[Engineering:Type certificate|type certificate]] as brand-new "McKinnon" airplanes.<ref name="4A24">[http://www.airweb.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/c736225d8f22b0f68625742f004b0d6b/$FILE/4a24.pdf "FAA Type Certificate no. 4A24".] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125015449/http://www.airweb.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/c736225d8f22b0f68625742f004b0d6b/$FILE/4a24.pdf |date=2017-01-25 }} ''FAA.'' Retrieved: August 26, 2011.</ref> The first was the McKinnon model G-21C which involved replacing the original R-985 radial engines with four Lycoming GSO-480-B2D6 piston engines. It was approved under TC 4A24 on November 7, 1958, and two examples were converted in 1958–1959.

===New production===
In November 2007, Antilles Seaplanes of Gibsonville, North Carolina, announced it was restarting production of the turbine-powered McKinnon G-21G Turbo Goose variant, now identified as the Antilles G-21G Super Goose.<ref name="AN"/> Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-34 turboprops flat-rated to {{cvt|680|shp}} would have replaced the original PT6A-27 engines,<ref name="AN"/> and the airframe systems and especially the avionics (aviation electronics – i.e. radios and navigation systems) would have been updated with state-of-the-art "glass panel" instrumentation and cockpit displays. However, as of 2009, Antilles Seaplanes' manufacturing center has been foreclosed and sold at auction. The fate of new Goose production is currently  unknown.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alaskadispatch.com/article/grumman-goose-replacing-alaska-aviation-legend|title=The Grumman Goose: Replacing an Alaska aviation legend|website=Anchorage Daily News|date=20 October 2011|access-date=3 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012050735/http://www.alaskadispatch.com/article/grumman-goose-replacing-alaska-aviation-legend|archive-date=12 October 2013}}</ref>

==Operational history==
[[File:Grumman Goose.jpg|thumb|{{wipe|Royal Air Force}} Goose]]
[[File:Grumman Goose Alaska Island Air.jpg|thumb|Alaska Island Air G-21A in 1989]]
Envisioned as corporate or private flying yachts for Manhattan millionaires, initial production models normally carried two to three passengers and had a bar and small toilet installed. In addition to being marketed to small air carriers, the G-21 was also promoted as a military transport. In 1938, the U.S. Army Air Corps purchased the type as the '''OA-9''' (later, in the war years, examples impressed from civilian ownership were designated the '''OA-13A'''). The most numerous of the military versions were the United States Navy variants,  designated the '''JRF'''.

The amphibious aircraft was also adopted by the Coast Guard and, during World War II, served with the {{wipe|Royal Canadian Air Force}} in the transport, reconnaissance, rescue, and training roles. The G-21 was used for air-sea rescue duties by the Fleet Air Arm, who assigned the name Goose. A single aircraft was used briefly by No. 1 Air Ambulance Unit, {{wipe|Royal Australian Air Force}} in the Mediterranean.[21]

After the war, the Goose found continued commercial use in locations from [[Earth:Alaska|Alaska]] to Catalina and the Caribbean.

A total of 345 were built, with about 30 known to still be airworthy today{{when|date=November 2022}} (although around 60 are still on various civil registries, many of them are known to have crashed or been otherwise destroyed), most being in private ownership, some of them operating in modified forms.<ref name=Survivors>[http://www.canada.com/topics/news/story.html?id=3874032a-97af-458b-ab27-beb7757f27a3  "Seven confirmed dead in B.C. plane crash."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105122222/http://www.canada.com/topics/news/story.html?id=3874032a-97af-458b-ab27-beb7757f27a3 |date=2012-11-05 }} ''canada.com''. Retrieved: December 19, 2009.</ref>

==Variants==
;G-21
:The original production version, these were powered by two {{cvt|450|hp}} Pratt & Whitney Wasp Junior SB engines, at {{cvt|7500|lb}} gross weight, with six passengers, and  12 were built, all converted to G-21A standards.<ref name="Sauce p55">Francillon and Killion 1993, p.55.</ref>
;{{visible anchor|G-21A}}
:Increased gross weight ({{cvt|8000|lb}}), 30 built.<ref name="Sauce p55"/>
;G-21B
:Export coastal patrol flying boat armed with {{cvt|.30|in|2}} machine gun in bow and dorsal hatches and two {{cvt|100|lb}} bombs underwing, 12 built for Portuguese Naval Aviation.<ref name="Sauce p55"/>
;G-21C
:Conversion by McKinnon Enterprises, these were re-engined with four {{cvt|340|hp}} Lycoming GSO-480-B2D6 air-cooled, geared, and supercharged flat-six engines and fitted with retractable wingtip floats, a fiberglass radar nose, a one-piece wraparound windshield, and enlarged cabin windows; gross weight increased to {{cvt|12499|lb}} as result of internal structural reinforcements. Two were converted as piston-powered models G-21C in 1958–1959, and two other airframes subsequently were converted in 1968, but with two {{cvt|550|shp}} Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-20 [[Engineering:Turboprop|turboprop]]s per STC SA1320WE as G-21C Hybrids. Two G-21C Hybrids were identical to the later {{cvt|10500|lb}} model G-21E, but they were never certified as such.<ref name="FAA">[http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=642 "Aircraft N642"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917194823/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=642 |date=2012-09-17 }} ''FAA Registry''. Retrieved:  August 26, 2011.</ref>
;G-21D
:One G-21C was further converted by McKinnon with an extended nose marked by two extra windows on each side and accommodating another four passengers. Recertified as G-21D in 1960. In 1966, it was re-engined with two {{cvt|550|shp}} PT6A-20 turboprops and fitted with revised Alvarez-Calderon electric flaps in accordance with STC SA1320WE, retaining the G-21D designation, but subsequently identified as the McKinnon "Turboprop Goose".<ref name="Sauce p54-6">Francillon and Killion 1993, pp. 54–56.</ref>
;G-21E
:A fully certified new model, it was based on a simplified turbine conversion of the McKinnon G-21C, with {{cvt|550|shp}} PT6A-20 engines ({{cvt|680|shp}} Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-27 engines optional) and more fuel, but without all of the structural reinforcements of the G-21C. {{cvt|10500|lb}} gross weight. One converted.<ref name="4A24"/>
;G-21G
:The final McKinnon conversion also was fully certified as a new model with {{cvt|680|shp}} PT6A-27 engines, {{cvt|586|usgal}} of fuel, and {{cvt|12500|lb}} gross weight. Two converted.<ref name="FAA2">{{cite web |url=http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=77AQ |title=FAA Registry - Aircraft - N-Number Inquiry |access-date=2011-08-26 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011050908/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=77AQ |archive-date=2014-10-11 }} and [http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=70AL "Aircraft – N70AL."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011050819/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=70AL |date=2014-10-11 }} ''FAA Registry''. Retrieved: August 26, 2011.</ref> 
[[File:Grumman JRF-5 Kaman K-16B 04351 BDL 21.10.75 edited-3.jpg|thumb|The sole Kaman K-16B tilt-wing STOL research aircraft]]
;[[Engineering:Kaman K-16B|Kaman K-16B]]
:Experimental tilt wing aircraft, with JRF-5 fuselage powered by two General Electric YT58-GE-2A engines; one built but not flown.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Kaman K-16B Amphibious VTOL Nears Rollout|journal=Aviation Week & Space Technology|date=January 11, 1960|page=121|url=http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/19600111#!&pid=121|url-access=registration |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160523051154/http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/19600111#!&pid=121|archive-date=May 23, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Kaman K-16B|url=https://www.neam.org/?id=899|website=New England Air Museum|access-date=February 26, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305030529/https://www.neam.org/?id=899|archive-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref>
;XJ3F-1
:Prototype eight-seat utility amphibian, built for the US Navy; one built in 1938.<ref name="Sauce p55"/><ref name="Green v5 p169-0">Green 1968, pp. 169–170.</ref>
;JRF-1
:Production XJ3F-1, five built for US Navy.<ref name="Sauce p55"/>
;JRF-1A
:Similar to JRF-1, but with target towing gear and camera hatch added, five built for US Navy.<ref name="Sauce p55"/>
;JRF-2
:U.S. Coast Guard version with provisions for carrying stretchers; seven built.<ref name="Sauce p55"/>
;JRF-3
:Similar to the JRF-2, fitted with [[Engineering:Autopilot|autopilot]] and deicing boots on the wing leading edges for Arctic operations. Three built for US Coast Guard.<ref name="Sauce p55"/><ref name="Donald American p145">Donald 1995, p. 145.</ref>
;JRF-4
:Similar to JRF-1A, these could carry two underwing depth bombs. Ten built for US Navy.<ref name="Sauce p55"/>
[[File:EL-2003-00316.jpg|thumb|Grumman JRF-5]]
;JRF-5
:Major production version with bomb racks, target towing and camera gear, and deicing gear; 184 built.<ref name="Sauce p55"/> In 1953, a modified JRF-5 tested hydroskis for the US Navy.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=zdwDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA119 "Hydro-Skis On Seaplanes Speed Take-Off."] ''Popular Mechanics'', January 1953, p. 119.</ref>
;JRF-5G
:24 JRF-5s transferred to the US Coast Guard.<ref name="Sauce p55"/><ref name="Donald American p145"/>
;JRF-6B
:Navigation trainer purchased for supply under Lend-Lease; 50 built.<ref name="Sauce p55"/>
;OA-9
:Transport and air-sea rescue for {{wipe|United States Army Air Forces}}, 26 ordered in 1938, supplemented by five JRF-6Bs under the same designation.<ref name="Sauce p55"/><ref name="Donald American p145"/>
;OA-13A
:Three G-21As impressed by the USAAF.<ref name="Sauce p55"/><ref name="Green v5 p169">Green 1968, p.169.</ref>
;OA-13B
:Two JRF-5s transferred to the USAAF.<ref name="Sauce p55"/><ref name="Green v5 p169"/>
;Goose Mk.I
:British designation for three JRF-5s supplied to the Fleet Air Arm.<ref name="March p127">March 1998, p.127.</ref>
;Goose Mk.IA
:British designation for 44 JRF-6Bs, supplied under Lend Lease for observer training by the 749 Naval Air Squadron in Trinidad.<ref name="March p127"/>
;Goose Mk.II
:British designation for two JRF-5s staff transports for British Air Commission in the United States and Canada.<ref name="March p127"/>

==Operators==
===Military operators===
[[File:Grumman Goose RCAF 798.jpg|thumb|{{wipe|Royal Canadian Air Force}} Goose]]
[[File:JFR-5(JMSDF).jpg|thumb|Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force JRF-5]]
;{{ARG}}
* Argentine Naval Aviation
** Six aircraft were used 1947–1966.<ref>Núñez Padin, Jorge Felix (2009).</ref>
;{{AUS}}
* {{wipe|Royal Australian Air Force}}
** A single aircraft was used briefly by No. 1 Air Ambulance Unit RAAF in the Mediterranean.<ref>http://www.adf-serials.com.au/goose.htm Brendan Cowan</ref>
;{{BOL}}
* {{wipe|Bolivian Air Force}}
**At least two aircraft (one JRF-2 and one JRF-6B) received in 1942.<ref name="fan460p37">Francillon 2008, p. 37</ref>
;{{BRA}}
** 10 used for anti-submarine patrols during Second World War.<ref name="fan460p37"/>
;{{flag|Canada|1921}}
* {{wipe|Royal Canadian Air Force}}
** 36 received.<ref name="fan460p37"/>
;{{CUB}}
;{{FRA}}
;{{HND}}
* {{wipe|Honduran Air Force}}<ref>Hagedorn 1993, p. 68.</ref>
;{{IDN}}
* {{wipe|Indonesian Air Force}}<ref>[http://nei.adf-serials.com/indonesian-aviation-1945-50.pdf "Indonesian aviation 1945-1950."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051214192414/http://nei.adf-serials.com/indonesian-aviation-1945-50.pdf |date=14 December 2005|url-status=dead }} ''adf-serials.com.'' Retrieved: 9 February 2021.</ref>
;{{JPN}}
* Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
;{{PAR}}
* Paraguayan Naval Aviation
;{{PER}}
* {{wipe|Peruvian Air Force}}
;{{POR}}
* Portuguese Naval Aviation<ref>Niccoli 1998, p. 39.</ref>
* {{wipe|Portuguese Air Force}}<ref>Niccoli 1998, pp. 38–39.</ref>
;{{SWE}}
* {{wipe|Swedish Air Force}}
;{{UK}}
* {{wipe|Royal Air Force}} (several impressed examples by 24 Squadron and ATA)<ref>Thetford, 1978, p.592</ref>
* Royal Navy (44 Lend Lease examples)
;{{flag|United States|1912}}
* United States Army Air Corps
* {{wipe|United States Army Air Forces}}
* United States Navy
* United States Coast Guard

===Civil Government operators===
;{{flag|United States|1912}}
*The United States Fish and Wildlife Service and the Bureau of Land Management each operated several G-21 aircraft.
;{{flag|Canada|1921}}
*Royal Canadian Mounted Police<ref name=RCMP>[http://www.canada.com/topics/news/story.html?id=262732da-ac45-479d-a4e7-0cf5a405bdb6  "Grumman Goose has served coast for many years as 'flying-boat workhorse'."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105122231/http://www.canada.com/topics/news/story.html?id=262732da-ac45-479d-a4e7-0cf5a405bdb6 |date=2012-11-05 }} ''canada.com''. Retrieved: December 19, 2009.</ref>

===Civil operators===
[[File:British Guiana Govt Airways Grumman Goose c 1955tr.jpg|thumb|British Guiana Airways Grumman Goose circa 1955. Piarco Airport, Trinidad.]]

;{{AUS}}
*[[Company:Asiatic Petroleum Company|Asiatic Petroleum]]
;{{flag|British Guiana}}
*British Guiana Airways
;{{CAN}}
*Pacific Coastal Airlines
*Wilderness Seaplanes
;{{CRO}}
*European Coastal Airlines
;{{flag|Dutch East Indies}}
*''Koninklijke Nederlandsch-Indische Luchtvaart Maatschappij''
;{{FIJ}}
*Yaukuve Resort
;{{ISL}}
*''Loftleiðir''
;{{IDN}}
*Merpati Nusantara Airlines – Leased a Goose from Indonesian Air Force.<ref name="Goodall">{{Cite web|date=|title=South East Asia 1960s-1970s - Indonesia & Dutch New Guinea|url=http://www.goodall.com.au/photographs/indonesia-dutch-ng-60-70/seasiaindonesiadutchng.html|access-date=9 February 2021|website=goodall.com.au}}</ref>
*SAATAS-East Indonesia<ref name="Goodall"/>
;{{NZL}}
*Mount Cook Airline
*Sea Bee Air
;{{NOR}}
[[File:PenAir Grumman Goose.jpg|thumb|PenAir Goose at Akutan, Alaska, 2006]]
[[File:PAA Goose.png|thumb|Goose in Pan Am colors at the Cradle of Aviation Museum, Long Island.]]
;{{flag|United States|1912}}
*Alaska Airlines – Alaska Airlines called their turboprop-powered aircraft the "Turbo Goose" propjet.  They also operated piston-powered versions.<ref>http://www.timetableimages.com {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912213455/http://timetableimages.com/ |date=2017-09-12 }}, June 1, 1969 Alaska Airlines system timetable</ref>
*Alaska Coastal Airlines
*Alaska Coastal-Ellis Airlines
*Alaska Island Air
*Alaska Fish and Game
*Amphib. Inc.
*Antilles Air Boats
*Avalon Air Transport
*Catalina Air
*Catalina Channel Airlines
*Chevron of California
*Devcon Construction
*Flight Data Inc.
*Ford Motor Co.
*Gulf Oil
*Kodiak Airways
*Kodiak Western
*North Coast Aero
*Ozark Management
*Pan Air
*PenAir
*Reeve Aleutian Airways
*SouthEast Skyways
*Superior Oil
*Sun Oil Co. (Sunoco)
*Teufel Nurseries
*The Texas Company (Texaco)
*Tuthill Corporation
*Virgin Islands Seaplane Shuttle
*Webber Airlines

==Accidents and incidents==
;19 November 1943: Grumman JRF-2 of Port Heiden, Alaska (USCG), crashed with three crewmen and one passenger missing. It was found in 1987.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uscg.mil/history/AviationCasualties.asp|title=US Coast Guard Aviation casualties|website=uscg.mil|access-date=3 May 2018}}</ref>
;13 March 1947: A Grumman JRF-6B of Loftleiðir with seven passengers and a pilot crashed immediately after takeoff on Hvammsfjörður by the town of Búðardalur in Iceland. The pilot and four other passengers were rescued by a boat after they evacuated the plane. Three passengers could not evacuate the plane and went down with it under water. One of the passengers rescued did not survive. The pilot and three passengers survived; four passengers were killed.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/wiki.php?id=27712|title = ASN Wikibase Occurrence # 27712|access-date = 10 August 2013|url-status = live|archive-url = http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20130810063134/http://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/wiki.php?id=27712|archive-date = 10 August 2013}}</ref>
;21 August 1958: N720 crashed in the Brooks Range, near the upper Ivishak River, in Alaska, killing U.S. Fish and Wildlife Agents Clarence J. Rhode and Stanley Fredericksen, and Clarence's son Jack. The crash site was not found until August 23, 1979.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wilbanks|first=William|title=Forgotten Heroes of Alaska|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4_lqhKYuenYC&pg=PA60|year=1999|publisher=Turner Publishing Company|isbn=978-1-56311-511-0|page=60}}</ref>
;27 January 1961:  A JRF-5 of the French Navy crashed, killing Admiral Pierre Ponchardier and five others. This accident led the French Navy to retire all of their Grumman JRF-5 Gooses in the spring of 1961.<ref name=PIERRE>[http://www.ffaa.net/seaplanes/goose/goose.htm JRF-5 Goose] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504061217/http://www.ffaa.net/seaplanes/goose/goose.htm |date=2015-05-04 }} Retrieved: February 26, 2012.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fncv.com/biblio/grand_combattant/ponchardier_p_va.html|title=fncv federation nationale combattants volontaires france association|last=FNCV|website=www.fncv.com|access-date=3 May 2018}}</ref>
;30 July 1971: One person was killed and one was injured when a Grumman G-21A taking off from the airport in Greenville, Maine experienced engine failure or malfunction during takeoff. The NTSB determined the probable cause to be the pilot's lack of familiarity with the plane and fuel mismanagement.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lowell |first1=Jessica |title=Plane crashes in Greenville since 1966 |url=http://www.pressherald.com/2018/07/30/plane-crashes-in-greenville-since-1966 |access-date=16 August 2018 |work=Kennebec Journal |publisher=Press Herald |date=30 July 2018}}</ref>
;22 June 1972
: N1513V of Reeve Aleutian Airways was written off at False Pass, Alaska.<ref name=NTSB>[https://www.ntsb.gov/ntsb/brief.asp?ev_id=58216&key=0 "N1513V."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081025154844/https://www.ntsb.gov/ntsb/brief.asp?ev_id=58216&key=0 |date=2008-10-25 }} ''NTSB''. Retrieved: December 19, 2009.</ref><ref name=NTSB2>[https://www.ntsb.gov/ntsb/brief.asp?ev_id=2645&key=0 "accident."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050324123606/https://www.ntsb.gov/ntsb/brief.asp?ev_id=2645&key=0 |date=2005-03-24 }} ''NTSB''. Retrieved: December 19, 2009. Note: States 1970 as year!?</ref>
;2 September 1978: Charles F. Blair Jr., former Naval Air Transport Service and Pan American Airways pilot and husband to actress Maureen O'Hara, was flying a Grumman Goose that belonged to his company, Antilles Air Boats, from St. Croix to St. Thomas in the U.S. Virgin Islands when it crashed into the ocean due to failure of the left engine. Three passengers and he were killed; seven passengers were severely injured.<ref>{{cite web|title=Antilles Air Boats, Inc., Grumman G21A, N7777V|url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Pages/AAR7909.aspx|website=Accident Reports|publisher=National Transportation Safety Board|access-date=18 March 2016|date=28 June 1979|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160124044355/https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Pages/AAR7909.aspx|archive-date=24 January 2016}}</ref>
;24 July 1984: Grumman Goose G-21A, Serial # B-114, Registration: N 2021 A, Hal’s Air Service, Piloted by Hal Dierich, Four Fatalities including pilot. Collision with water in the narrow strait NW of Monashka Bay near Ouzinkie, Kodiak Island, AK. <ref>NTSB Report Identification: ANC84FA119, The docket is stored on NTSB microfiche number 26622</ref>
;15 February 2005: A 1939 Grumman Goose G-21A, registered N-327, crashed around 9:30 am in a field on Route 14A near Penn Yan, New York after an engine failure simulation went wrong. The plane fell rapidly, with the left wing hitting the ground first, before the badly damaged plane burst into flames on impact. Pilots Paul and Daryl Middlebrook, both of Penn Yan, escaped serious injury. The plane, originally owned by the {{wipe|Peruvian Air Force}}, had starred in the 1980s ABC television series Tales of the Gold Monkey as ''Cutter's Goose''.<ref>{{citation|title=Brothers survive plane crash:Vintage aircraft goes down in field near Penn Yan|url=https://www.fltimes.com/main.asp?SectionID=38&SubSectionID=121&ArticleID=7354|date= February 16, 2005|work=Finger Lakes Times|last= Muscato|first= Gina|accessdate = November 20, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{citation|last=Livadas|first=Greg|date=February 16, 2005|title=Pilot lands 'Grumman Goose' in Yates after engine trouble|work=Democrat and Chronicle}}</ref><ref>{{citation|last=Hoffman|first=Bryce T.|work=The Leader|date=February 25, 2005|title=Simulation may have caused vintage airplane to crash}}</ref>
;3 August 2008: A Grumman Goose of Pacific Coastal Airlines with seven passengers and crew crashed during a flight from Port Hardy to Chamiss Bay. The aircraft was completely destroyed by a fire. There were only two survivors.<ref name="PCACRASH">[https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20080803.wcrashdead0803/BNStory/National/?page=rss&id=RTGAM.20080803.wcrashdead0803 "5 dead in B.C. plane crash."]{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ''TheGlobeAndMail.com''. Retrieved: December 19, 2009.</ref> 
;16 November 2008:  A Grumman Goose of Pacific Coastal Airlines with eight passengers and crew crashed on South Thormanby Island near Sechelt off British Columbia's Sunshine Coast in bad weather during a flight from Vancouver International Airport to Toba Inlet, BC.  Only one passenger survived.  The company resumed floatplane operations on November 19, 2008.<ref name="PCACRASH2008">[https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/7-dead-1-survivor-in-plane-crash-off-b-c-coast-1.757102 "7 dead in plane crash off B.C. coast."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103203605/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/7-dead-1-survivor-in-plane-crash-off-b-c-coast-1.757102 |date=2012-11-03 }} ''CBC News'', 16 November 2008. Retrieved: December 19, 2009. Viewable: https://web.archive.org/web/20121103203609/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/story/2008/11/16/bc-081115-plane-crash.html</ref>
;27 February 2011:  A turbine Goose, N221AG, crashed in the United Arab Emirates when it veered immediately after takeoff.<ref name="PCACRASH2011">[http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/meast/02/28/uae.plane.crash/index.html "Plane crash kills 4 in UAE"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110301091043/http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/meast/02/28/uae.plane.crash/index.html |date=2011-03-01 }} ''CNN News'', February 28, 2011. Retrieved: February 28, 2011.</ref>
;17 June 2014: A Grumman G-21A Goose lost control in a snowstorm over the Montana/Idaho border and crashed into the parking lot of the Lost Trail Ski Area near the summit of Lost Trail Pass, subsequently catching fire. The plane was completely destroyed, and the pilot, who was the only occupant of the plane, was killed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kbzk.com/news/one-believed-dead-in-lost-trail-plane-crash/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-06-18 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140618200353/http://www.kbzk.com/news/one-believed-dead-in-lost-trail-plane-crash/ |archive-date=2014-06-18 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://billingsgazette.com/news/state-and-regional/montana/pilot-killed-in-lost-trail-crash-witnesses-describe-fireball/article_9ca5d782-76dd-52c4-a24d-35ec836a80f8.html|title=Pilot killed in Lost Trail crash; witnesses describe fireball|last=Missoulian|website=billingsgazette.com|access-date=3 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504091238/http://billingsgazette.com/news/state-and-regional/montana/pilot-killed-in-lost-trail-crash-witnesses-describe-fireball/article_9ca5d782-76dd-52c4-a24d-35ec836a80f8.html|archive-date=4 May 2018}}</ref>
;18 December 2023: A Grumman Goose operated by Wilderness Seaplanes crashed shortly after takeoff from Bella Bella, British Columbia on its way to Port Hardy, British Columbia. The plane was transporting the pilot and four fish farm workers. All survived with minor injuries.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.avweb.com/aviation-news/all-survive-crash-of-historic-goose-amphib/?MailingID=FLY231225006&utm_campaign=avwebflash&utm_medium=newsletter|title=All Survive Crash Of Historic Goose Amphib|work=AVweb|date=December 26, 2023|access-date=December 26, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/348996|title=ASN Wikibase Occurrence # 348996|work=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=December 26, 2023}}</ref>

==Aircraft on display==
;Canada
* B-77 – G-21A in storage at the Canada Aviation and Space Museum in Ottawa, Ontario.<ref>{{cite web |title=Grumman G-21A Goose II |url=http://ingeniumcanada.org/aviation/collection-research/artifact-grumman-g-21a-goose-ii.php |website=Ingenium |publisher=Ingenium |access-date=6 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Dupas |first1=Ron |title=No. 406B. Grumman G-21A Goose (CF-MPG c/n B.77) Royal Canadian Mounted Police |url=http://1000aircraftphotos.com/GeneralAv/406B.htm |website=1000AircraftPhotos.com |access-date=7 August 2018}}</ref>

;Indonesia
* PB-521 – G-21A on static display at Suryadarma Air Force Base in Subang Regency, West Java.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indomiliter.com/grumman-g-21-goose-pesawat-intai-amfibi-ringan-tni-au-pernah-jadi-arsenal-skadron-udara-5/|title=Grumman G-21 Goose: Pesawat Intai Amfibi Ringan TNI AU, Pernah Jadi Arsenal Skadron Udara 5|website=indomiliter.com|date=6 November 2017|access-date=9 February 2021|language=id}}</ref>

;Sweden
* 37810 – JRF-5 under restoration for static display at the {{wipe|Swedish Air Force Museum}} in Linköping, Östergötland.<ref>{{cite web |title=TP 81 |url=http://flygvapenmuseum.se/utstallning/tp-81 |website=Flygvapenmuseum |access-date=28 December 2021 |language=Swedish}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Anusewicz |first1=Tom |title=N79901 |url=http://www.antillesairboats.com/n79901 |website=Antilles Air Boats |access-date=28 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Forsgren |first1=Jan |title=Grumman Goose to be restored in Sweden |url=http://www.key.aero/article/grumman-goose-be-restored-sweden |website=Key.Aero |access-date=28 December 2021 |date=28 April 2017}}</ref>

;United States
* 1048 – G-21A on static display at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center of the National Air and Space Museum in Chantilly, Virginia.<ref>{{cite web |title=Grumman G-21 Goose |url=http://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/grumman-g-21-goose |website=Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |access-date=6 August 2018}}</ref>
* 1085 – G-21A on static display at the National Naval Aviation Museum in Pensacola, Florida.<ref>{{cite web |title=JRF Goose |url=http://www.navalaviationmuseum.org/attractions/aircraft-exhibits/item/?item=jrf_goose |website=National Naval Aviation Museum |publisher=Naval Aviation Museum Foundation |access-date=7 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Airframe Dossier - Grumman G-21/JRF/OA-9/OA-13 Goose, c/n 1085, c/r N12CS |url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=4555 |website=Aerial Visuals |publisher=AerialVisuals.ca |access-date=7 August 2018}}</ref>
* 1157 – G-21A under restoration for static display at the Tongass Historical Society in Ketchikan, Alaska.<ref>{{cite web |title=Save The Goose Project |url=http://www.tongasshistory.org/savethegoose |website=Tongass Historical Society |access-date=6 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Dudzak |first1=Maria |title=Volunteers progress on Goose restoration |url=http://www.krbd.org/2016/05/26/volunteers-progress-on-goose-restoration |access-date=6 August 2018 |work=KRBD |publisher=Rainbird Community Radio |date=26 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=FAA Registry [N88821] |url=http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=88821 |website=Federal Aviation Administration |publisher=U.S. Department of Transportation |access-date=6 August 2018}}</ref>
* B-102 - G-21A N789 on display in airworthy condition at the Alaska Aviation Museum in Anchorage, Alaska. [https://alaskaairmuseum.org/exhibits/#bwg2/30]
* B-122 – G-21A on static display at the Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum in McMinnville, Oregon.<ref>{{citation|last1=Miller |first1=Phil |title=Visitor to the Museum |url=http://www.evergreenmuseum.org/pub/doc/MAY2017.pdf |work=Flightplan |page=6 |access-date=7 August 2018 |publisher=Evergreen Aviation and Space Museum |date=1 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=FAA Registry [N7811] |url=http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=7811 |website=Federal Aviation Administration |publisher=U.S. Department of Transportation}}</ref>
* B-130 – G-21A on static display at the Historic Aircraft Restoration Project in Brooklyn, New York.<ref>{{cite web |title=Airframe Dossier - Grumman JRF-5 Goose, s/n 87736 USN, c/n B-130, c/r N644R |url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=36998 |website=Aerial Visuals |publisher=AerialVisuals.ca |access-date=6 August 2018}}</ref>
* Reproduction – G-21A on static display at the Cradle of Aviation Museum in Garden City, New York.<ref>{{cite web |title=Grumman G-21 Goose |url=http://www.cradleofaviation.org/history/exhibits/exhibit-galleries/the_golden_age/grumman_g-21_goose.html |website=Cradle of Aviation Museum |access-date=6 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Haynes |first1=Eddy |title=S/N 1051 |url=http://grummangoosecentral.homestead.com/1051.html |website=Goose Central |access-date=1 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Denton |first1=Guy |title=N327 C/N 1051 |url=http://www.wdaguy.com/N327.html |website=The Grumman Goose and Widgeons |access-date=1 February 2021}}</ref>{{Synthesis inline|date=February 2021}}

==Specifications (JRF-5 Goose)==
[[File:Grumman JRF-5 Goose 3-view line drawing.png|300px|right|3-view line drawing of the Grumman JRF-5 Goose]]

{{Aircraft specs
|ref=United States Navy Aircraft since 1911 <ref name="US Navy p212">Swanborough and Bowers 1976, p.212.</ref>
|prime units?=imp
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|crew=1-3
|capacity=5-7
|length ft=38
|length in=6
|span ft=49
|span in=0
|height ft=16
|height in=2
|wing area sqft=375
|airfoil='''root:'''  [[Physics:NACA airfoil|NACA 23015]]; '''tip:''' [[Physics:NACA airfoil|NACA 23009]]
|empty weight lb=5425
|gross weight lb=8000
|fuel capacity=
<!--Powerplant-->
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name= Pratt & Whitney R-985-AN-6 Wasp Junior
|eng1 type=9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engines
|eng1 hp=450
|prop blade number=3
|prop name=variable-pitch propellers
|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
<!--
        Performance
-->
|max speed mph=201
|max speed note=at {{cvt|5000|ft|0}}
|cruise speed mph=191
|cruise speed note=at {{cvt|5000|ft|0}}
|range miles=640
|ceiling ft=21300
|climb rate ftmin=1100
|wing loading lb/sqft=21.3
|wing loading note=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass={{cvt| 0.11|hp/lb}}
|more performance=<!--</br>
*'''Take-off run:''' {{cvt||ft|0}}
*'''Take-off distance to {{cvt|50|ft|0}}:''' {{cvt||ft|0}}
*'''Landing run:''' {{cvt||ft|0}}
*'''Landing distance from {{cvt|50|ft|0}}:''' {{cvt||ft|0}}-->
|bombs= 2 × {{cvt|325|lb}} depth charges or 2 × {{cvt|250|lb}} GP bombs<ref name="Green v5 p171">Green 1968, p.171.</ref>
}}

==Notable appearances in media==

==See also==
{{aircontent
|related=
* [[Engineering:Grumman G-73 Mallard|Grumman G-73 Mallard]]
* [[Engineering:Grumman G-44 Widgeon|Grumman G-44 Widgeon]]
* [[Engineering:Kaman K-16B|Kaman K-16B]]
|similar aircraft=
|lists=
* [[Engineering:List of aircraft of World War II|List of aircraft of World War II]]
* [[Engineering:List of flying boats and floatplanes|List of flying boats and floatplanes]]
|see also=
}}

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* Ablitzer, Fabrice. "Round-Out". ''Air Enthusiast'', No. 79, January/February 1999. p.&nbsp;79. {{ISSN|0143-5450}}.
* Donald, David, ed. ''American Warplanes of World War II''. London: Aerospace Publishing, 1995. {{ISBN|1874023727}}.
* Francillon, René J. and Gary L. Killion. "Sauce for the Goose – turbine style". ''Air International'', July 1993, Vol. 45, No 1, pp.&nbsp;53–57. Stamford, UK:Key Publishing.  ISSN 0306-5634.
* {{cite magazine |last=Francillon |first=René J |title=Grumman G-21 "Goose": L'oie qui ne se pose jamais |magazine=Le Fana de l'Aviation |date=March 2008 |issue=460 |pages=32–40 |language=fr}}
* Green, William. ''War Planes of the Second World War: Volume Five Flying Boats''. London:Macdonald, 1968. {{ISBN|0-356-01449-5}}.
* {{cite book |last=Hagedorn |first=Daniel P. |title=Central American and Caribbean Air Forces |year=1993 |location=Tonbridge, Kent, UK |publisher=Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd |isbn=0851302106}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Ledet|first1=Michel|title=Des avions alliés aux couleurs japonais |journal=Avions: Toute l'Aéronautique et son histoire |date=April 2002 |issue=109 |pages=17–21 |trans-title=Allied Aircraft in Japanese Colors|language=fr |issn=1243-8650}}
* March, Daniel J., ed. ''British Warplanes of World War II''. London: Aerospace Publishing, 1998. {{ISBN|1874023921}}.
* Niccoli, Riccardo. "Pottuguese Numerology: Serial systems used by the Aeronautica Militar and the Força Aerea Portuguesa". ''Air Enthusiast'', May–June 1998, No. 75. pp.&nbsp;33–40. {{ISSN|0143-5450}}.
*{{Cite book |last1=Núñez Padin |first1=Jorge Felix |title=JRF Goose, PBY Catalina, PBM Mariner & HU-16 Albatros |year=2009 |editor-first=Jorge Felix |editor-last=Núñez Padin |publisher=Fuerzas Aeronavales |series=Serie Aeronaval |volume=25 |language=es |isbn=978-9872055745 |location=Bahía Blanca, Argentina  }}
* Swanborough, Gordon and Peter M. Bowers. ''United States Navy Aircraft since 1911''. London: Putnam, Second edition, 1976. {{ISBN|0370100549}}.
* Thruelsen, Richard. ''The Grumman Story''. New York: Praeger Publishers, Inc., 1976. {{ISBN|0-275-54260-2}}.
* Winchester, Jim, ed. "Grumman Goose/Mallard." ''Biplanes, Triplanes and Seaplanes (The Aviation Factfile)''. Rochester, Kent, UK: Grange Books plc, 2004. {{ISBN|1840136413}}.

==External links==
* [http://grummangoosecentral.homestead.com Goose Central database]

{{Grumman aircraft}}

[[Category:Amphibious aircraft]]
[[Category:Flying boats]]
[[Category:High-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft]]

{{Sourceattribution|Grumman G-21 Goose}}