View source for Engineering:Hawker Hunter

{{short description|1950s family of British fighter aircraft}}
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{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
| name = Hunter
| image = File:Hunter - Shuttleworth Military Pageant June 2013 (9187713516).jpg
| caption = Two-seat Hunter at Shuttleworth Military airshow 2013
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
| type = Fighter<br/>Fighter-bomber/Ground attack<br/>Reconnaissance aircraft
| national origin = United Kingdom
| manufacturer = Hawker Siddeley
| designer = 
| first flight = 20 July 1951
| introduced = 1954
| retired = 
| status = In service with the {{wipe|Air Force of Zimbabwe}} (2022)<ref name="Zimbabwe">{{Cite web|url=https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2022/12/flying-history-zimbabwes-proud-aircraft.html|title=Flying History: Zimbabwe's Proud Aircraft Tradition|access-date= 3 December 2022|archive-url= https://archive.today/20221203145000/https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2022/12/flying-history-zimbabwes-proud-aircraft.html|archive-date= 3 December 2022|url-status= live}}</ref><br>Active as a [[Engineering:Warbird|warbird]] and contractor aggressor aircraft 
| primary user = {{wipe|Royal Air Force}}
| more users = {{wipe|Indian Air Force}}<br/>{{wipe|Swedish Air Force}}<br/>{{wipe|Swiss Air Force}}<!-- Limited to THREE (3) "more users" here (4 total users). List users with {{plainlist}} or {{unbulleted list}}. -->
| produced = 
| number built = 1,972
| unit cost = £100,000 in 1956<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Flight International |title=Straight and Level |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1971/1971%20-%202686.html |date=9 December 1971 |page=954 }}</ref> (equivalent to £{{inflation|UK|.100000|1956|r=1|fmt=c}} million today)
| variants with their own articles = 
}}
|}

The '''Hawker Hunter''' is a [[Physics:Transonic|transonic]] British [[Physics:Jet propulsion|jet-powered]] fighter aircraft that was developed by Hawker Aircraft for the {{wipe|Royal Air Force}} (RAF) during the late 1940s and early 1950s. It was designed to take advantage of the newly developed [[Engineering:Rolls-Royce Avon|Rolls-Royce Avon]] [[Engineering:Turbojet|turbojet]] engine and the [[Engineering:Swept wing|swept wing]], and was the first jet-powered aircraft produced by Hawker to be procured by the RAF. On 7 September 1953, the modified first prototype broke the [[Physics:Flight airspeed record|world air speed record]] for aircraft, achieving a speed of {{convert|727.63|mph|km/h kn|abbr=on}}.

The single-seat Hunter was introduced to service in 1954 as a manoeuvrable day interceptor aircraft, quickly succeeding first-generation jet fighters in RAF service such as the [[Engineering:Gloster Meteor|Gloster Meteor]] and the [[Engineering:De Havilland Venom|de Havilland Venom]]. The all-weather/night fighter role was filled by the [[Engineering:Gloster Javelin|Gloster Javelin]]. Successively improved variants of the type were produced, adopting increasingly more capable engine models and expanding its fuel capacity amongst other modifications being implemented. Hunters were also used by two RAF display teams: the "Black Arrows", who on one occasion looped a record-breaking 22 Hunters in formation, and later the "Blue Diamonds", who flew 16 aircraft. The Hunter was also widely exported, serving with a total of 21 overseas air forces.

During the 1960s, following the introduction of the supersonic [[Engineering:English Electric Lightning|English Electric Lightning]] in the interceptor role, the Hunter transitioned to being operated as a fighter-bomber and for [[Social:Aerial reconnaissance|aerial reconnaissance]] missions, using dedicated variants for these purposes. Two-seat variants remained in use for training and secondary roles with the RAF and the Royal Navy until the early 1990s. Sixty years after its original introduction it was still in active service, being operated by the {{wipe|Lebanese Air Force}} until 2014.

The Hunter saw combat service in a range of conflicts with several operators, including the Suez Crisis, the Aden Emergency, the Sino-Indian War, the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, the Rhodesian Bush War, the Second Congo War, the Six-Day War, the War of Attrition and the Yom Kippur War. Overall, 1,972 Hunters were manufactured by Hawker Aircraft and its successor, Hawker Siddeley, as well as being [[Social:Licensed production|produced under licence]] overseas. In British service, the Hunter was replaced in its principal roles by the Lightning, the [[Engineering:Hawker Siddeley Harrier|Hawker Siddeley Harrier]] and the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II.

==Development==

===Origins===
[[File:farnborough.hunters.arp.jpg|thumb|upright|RAF Hunters of the Black Arrows performing aerobatics at Farnborough Airshow, 1960]]
During 1945, the [[Social:World War II|Second World War]] came to a close and a new postwar Labour government, headed by Clement Attlee, came to power in Britain.<ref name = "wood 40">Wood 1975, p. 40.</ref> The incoming Attlee government's initial stance on defence was that no major conflict would occur for at least a decade, and thus there would be no need to develop or to procure any new aircraft until 1957. In accordance with this policy, aside from a small number of exceptions such as what would become the [[Engineering:Hawker Sea Hawk|Hawker Sea Hawk]] for the Royal Navy, the majority of Specifications issued by the Air Ministry for fighter-sized aircraft during the late 1940s were restricted to research purposes.<ref name = "wood 40 43">Wood 1975, pp. 40–43.</ref> Aviation author Derek Wood describes this policy as being: "a fatal error of judgement which was to cost Britain a complete generation of fighters and heavy bomber aircraft".<ref name = "wood 40"/>

As the [[History:Cold War|Cold War]] arose in the late 1940s, the RAF came to recognise that it would urgently require the development and procurement of fighters equipped with features such as [[Engineering:Swept wing|swept wing]]s.<ref name = "wood 43 45">Wood 1975, pp. 43–45.</ref> By this time, it had also become apparent that newly developed [[Physics:Jet propulsion|jet propulsion]] would form the future of fighter aircraft development. Many companies were quick to devise their own designs to harness this means of propulsion. Hawker Aviation's chief designer, [[Biography:Sydney Camm|Sydney Camm]], had proposed the Hawker P.1040 for the RAF, but the demonstrator failed to interest them.<ref name="Mason p355-6">Mason 1991, pp.&nbsp;355–356.</ref> Further modifications to the basic design resulted in the [[Engineering:Hawker Sea Hawk|Hawker Sea Hawk]] [[Engineering:Carrier-based aircraft|carrier-based fighter]]. However, the Sea Hawk possessed a straight wing and was powered by the [[Engineering:Rolls-Royce Nene|Rolls-Royce Nene]] [[Engineering:Turbojet|turbojet]] engine, both features that rapidly became obsolete.<ref name = 'Griffin 15'>Griffin 2006, p.&nbsp;15.</ref>

Seeking better performance and fulfilment of the Air Ministry Specification E.38/46, Sydney Camm designed the [[Engineering:Hawker P.1052|Hawker P.1052]], which was essentially a Sea Hawk outfitted with a 35-degree swept wing. Performing its first flight in 1948, the P.1052 demonstrated good performance and conducted several carrier trials, but was ultimately determined to not warrant further development into a production aircraft.<ref name="Mason p368-0">Mason 1991, pp. 368–370.</ref> As a private venture, Hawker proceeded to convert the second P.1052 prototype into the [[Engineering:Hawker P.1081|Hawker P.1081]] with swept tailplanes, a revised fuselage, and a single jet exhaust at the rear. On 19&nbsp;June&nbsp;1950, the P.1081 conducted its maiden flight, and was promising enough to draw interest from the {{wipe|Royal Australian Air Force}} (RAAF); however, further development was stalled by difficulties with the engine's [[Engineering:Afterburner|reheat]]. In 1951, the sole P.1081 prototype was lost in a crash.<ref name="Mason p373">Mason 1991, p.&nbsp;373.</ref>

===P.1067===
[[File:Hawker Hunter F.3 WB188 GC 31.07.76 edited-2.jpg|thumb|left|The prototype Hunter ''WB188'', modified to Mark 3 standard, displayed in its world speed record colours in 1976]]

In 1946, the British Air Ministry issued Specification F.43/46, which sought a daytime jet-powered interceptor aircraft. Camm promptly prepared a new design for a swept-winged fighter that would be powered by the upcoming [[Engineering:Rolls-Royce Avon|Rolls-Royce Avon]] [[Engineering:Turbojet|turbojet]]. The Avon's major advantage over the earlier Nene engine, as used in the earlier Sea Hawk, was adoption of the [[Engineering:Axial compressor|axial compressor]], which allowed for a much smaller engine diameter and provided greater thrust; this single engine gave roughly the same power as the two [[Engineering:Rolls-Royce Derwent|Rolls-Royce Derwent]]s of the [[Engineering:Gloster Meteor|Gloster Meteor]]s, a fighter aircraft that would be replaced by the envisioned new aircraft. In March&nbsp;1948, the Air Ministry issued a revised Specification F.3/48, which demanded a speed of 629&nbsp;mph (1,010&nbsp;km/h) at 45,000&nbsp;ft (13,700&nbsp;m) and a high rate of climb,<ref name="Jacksonp8">Jackson 1982, p.&nbsp;8.</ref> while carrying an armament of four {{convert|20|mm|in|abbr=on}} or two 30&nbsp;mm (1.18&nbsp;in) cannon (rather than the large-calibre gun demanded by earlier specifications).<ref name="Mason fighter p368">Mason 1992, p.&nbsp;368.</ref> Initially fitted with a single air intake in the nose and a [[Engineering:T-tail|T-tail]], the project rapidly evolved into the more familiar Hunter shape. The intakes were moved to the wing roots to make room for weapons and radar in the nose, and a more conventional tail arrangement was devised as a result of stability concerns.<ref name="Jacksonp10">Jackson 1982, p. 10.</ref>

In 1950, the outbreak of the Korean War and Britain's heavy involvement in this conflict led to a flurry of orders being issued; the need for capable modern interceptors was felt to be so pressing that the RAF was willing to consider accepting interim fighter aircraft while more capable fighters would continue to be pursued. In particular, the RAF felt that a pair of proposed fighter aircraft from Hawker Aircraft and Supermarine were of high importance and thus placed orders for these proposed fighters 'off the drawing board' in 1950.<ref name = "wood 43 46">Wood 1975, pp. 43–46.</ref> The reasoning behind these two aircraft being ordered in 1950 was intended to serve as an insurance policy in the event of either one of these projects failing to produce a viable aircraft; these two aircraft would later become known as the [[Engineering:Supermarine Swift|Supermarine Swift]] and the Hawker Hunter respectively.<ref name = "wood 45 46">Wood 1975, pp. 45–46.</ref>

[[File:Hawker Hunter - Elvington - BB.jpg|thumb|"Miss Demeanour" – a privately owned Hawker Hunter F.58A, 2007]]

On 20&nbsp;July&nbsp;1951, the P.1067 made its [[Engineering:Maiden flight|maiden flight]], flown by Neville Duke, from RAF Boscombe Down, powered by a single 6,500&nbsp;lbf (28.91&nbsp;[[Newton (unit)|kN]]) Avon 103 engine.<ref name="Jacksonp11">Jackson 1982, p.&nbsp;11.</ref> The second prototype, which was fitted with production-standard avionics, armament and a {{convert|7,550|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} Avon 107 turbojet, first flew on 5&nbsp;May&nbsp;1952. As an insurance against development problems on the part of the Avon engine, Hawker modified the design to accommodate another axial turbojet, the {{convert|8,000|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} [[Engineering:Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire|Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire]] 101. Fitted with a Sapphire, the third prototype flew on 30 November 1952.<ref name="Jacksonp11"/><ref name = 'Griffin 17-18'>Griffin 2006, pp.&nbsp;17–18.</ref>

On 16 March 1953, the first production standard ''Hunter F.1'', fitted with a single {{convert|7,600|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} Avon 113 turbojet, made its first flight. The first 20 aircraft were, in effect, a pre-production series and featured a number of "one-off" modifications such as [[Physics:Blown flap|blown flap]]s and [[Physics:Area rule|area rule]]d fuselage.<ref>Griffin 2006, pp. 18–19.</ref> On 7 September 1953, the sole Hunter Mk 3 (the modified first prototype, ''WB 188'') flown by Neville Duke broke the world air speed record for jet-powered aircraft, attaining a speed of {{convert|727.63|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} over Littlehampton, West Sussex.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1954/1954%20-%200309.html "R.Ae.C. Award Winners."] ''Flight International'', 5 February 1954. Retrieved: 3 November 2009.</ref> This world record stood for less than three weeks before being broken on 25 September 1953 by the Hunter's early rival, the Supermarine Swift, flown by Michael Lithgow.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=cilgAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Vm8NAAAAIBAJ&pg=3245,3493974&dq=air+speed+record&hl=en "Speed Record Again Broken?"] ''Saskatoon Star-Phoenix,'' 25 September 1953.</ref>{{clear left}}

==Design==

===Overview===
[[File:Hawker Hunter Cockpit (2096004461).jpg|thumb|The cockpit of a preserved Hunter]]
The Hunter entered service with the Royal Air Force as an interceptor aircraft. It was the first jet aircraft produced by Hawker for the RAF. From the outset it was clear that the type had exceptional performance, being the first RAF aircraft capable of effectively matching the [[Engineering:English Electric Canberra|English Electric Canberra]] bomber. The Hunter also set numerous aviation records, including absolute speed records.<ref name="flight 243">Flight 1955, p. 243.</ref> The type was also lauded for its quick turnaround time, enabled by features such as its removable gun pack and pressurised fuelling system, and for its easy handling in flight.<ref name="flight 243"/>

The definitive version of the Hunter was the FGA.9, on which the majority of export versions were based. Although the [[Engineering:Supermarine Swift|Supermarine Swift]] had initially been politically favoured by the British Government,<ref>Geiger 2004, p. 170.</ref> the Hunter proved far more successful, and had a lengthy service life with various operators, in part due to its low maintenance requirements and operating costs,<ref>Laming 1996, p. 53.</ref> while the Swift programme was cancelled in 1955.<ref name = "wood 48">Wood 1975, p. 48.</ref>

As the RAF received newer aircraft capable of supersonic speeds to perform the air interceptor role, many Hunters were modified and re-equipped for undertaking ground-attack and reconnaissance missions instead. Hunters deemed surplus to the RAF's requirements were also quickly refurbished for continued service abroad. The Hunter would be procured by a considerable number of foreign nations. In addition to former RAF aircraft, roughly half of the nearly 2,000 Hunters produced had been manufactured specifically for overseas customers.<ref>Chesneau 1985, pp. 1–3.</ref> The Hunter would be in operational service with the RAF for over 30 years. As late as 1996, hundreds were still in active service with various operators across the world.<ref name = 'Laming 51'>Laming 1996, p. 51.</ref>

===Armament and equipment===
[[File:Quad ADEN 30mm Cannon.jpg|thumb|upright|A Hunter's removable weapons pack. In the foreground are the {{nowrap|four 30 mm}} ADEN cannons.]]
The single-seat fighter versions of the Hunter were armed with four {{convert|30|mm|abbr=on|sigfig=3}} [[Engineering:ADEN cannon|ADEN cannon]], with 150 rounds of ammunition per gun. The cannon and ammunition boxes were contained in a single pack that could be removed from the aircraft for rapid re-arming and maintenance. Unusually, the barrels of the cannon remained in the aircraft while the pack was removed and changed.<ref name="Mason p375">Mason 1991, p. 375.</ref> In the two-seat version, either a single 30&nbsp;mm ADEN cannon was carried or, in some export versions, two, with a removable ammunition tank. Later versions of the Hunter were fitted with SNEB Pods; these were {{convert|68|mm|abbr=on|sigfig=3}} rocket projectiles in 18-round Matra pods, providing an effective strike capability against ground targets.<ref name="auto">Griffin 2006, p. 27.</ref>

The Hunter featured a nose-mounted [[Physics:Radar signal characteristics#Carrier|ranging radar]], providing range input to the gyro gunsight for air-to-air gunnery only.<ref name="flight 243"/> Other equipment included pylon-mounted underwing external fuel tanks, a forward-facing gun camera, and large streamlined pods for collecting expended shell cases beneath the gun pack.<ref name="flight 242"/> These were nicknamed "Sabrinas", after the buxom actress of the time. Several variants were fitted with tail-mounted brake parachutes.<ref>Chesneau 1985, p. 3.</ref> Typically, export Hunters were equipped to be compatible with additional types of missiles, such as the [[Engineering:AIM-9 Sidewinder|AIM-9 Sidewinder]] [[Engineering:Air-to-air missile|air-to-air missile]] and the AGM-65 Maverick [[Engineering:Air-to-surface missile|air-to-surface missile]].<ref name="AFM67"/><ref name="WAPJ20 p141"/>

===Layout and structure===
[[File:IMGL4883Mk58Hunterfest1-20082022.jpg|thumb|left|Ex-Swiss Air Force Hunter Mk 58 J-4040 at Hunterfest (St. Stephan, 2022)]] 
The Hunter is a conventional [[Engineering:Swept wing|swept wing]] all-metal monoplane. The fuselage is of [[Engineering:Monocoque|monocoque]] construction, with a removable rear section for engine maintenance. The engine is fed through triangular air intakes in the wing roots and has a single jetpipe in the rear of the fuselage. The mid-mounted wings have a leading edge sweep of 35° and slight anhedral, the tailplanes and fin are also swept. The Hunter's aerodynamic qualities were increasingly infringed upon by modifications in later production models, such as the addition of external containers to collect spent gun cartridges, underwing fuel tanks to increase range, leading edge extensions to resolve pitch control difficulties, and a large ventral air brake.<ref name = 'Griffin 17-18'/><ref>Chesneau 1985, pp. 1–2.</ref>

Late-production F.6s also featured an [[Physics:Stabilator|"all-moving tailplane"]], in which the entire tailplane pivoted to provide better transonic flight control. The elevator was retained as part of the all-moving tailplane.<ref>{{Cite web |title=[1.0] Hunter Development & Variants |url=https://www.airvectors.net/avhunt_1.html |access-date=2023-08-12 |website=www.airvectors.net}}</ref>

The airframe of the Hunter consists of six interchangeable major sections: the forward fuselage (housing the cockpit and armament pack), center fuselage (including the integral wing roots and air duct intakes), rear fuselage, tail unit assembly, and two individually produced wings. Production was divided up so major sections could be completed individually and manufacturing of the type could be dispersed to reduce vulnerability to attack.<ref name="flight 242">Flight 1955, p. 242.</ref> Establishing initial full-rate production for the type was difficult; manufacturing the Hunter required the development of 3,250 tool designs and the procurement of 40,000 fixtures, jigs, and tools.<ref>Flight 1955, pp. 239–242.</ref>

===Engine===
[[File:AvonandHunter.jpg|thumb|The tail and rear fuselage are detachable, providing maintenance access to the aircraft's single engine]]
The P.1067 first flew from RAF Boscombe Down on 20 July 1951, powered by a {{convert|6,500|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} [[Engineering:Rolls-Royce Avon|Rolls-Royce Avon]] 103 engine from an [[Engineering:English Electric Canberra|English Electric Canberra]] bomber.<ref name="Jacksonp11"/> The second prototype was fitted with a {{convert|7,550|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} Avon 107 turbojet. Hawker's third prototype was powered by an {{convert|8,000|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} [[Engineering:Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire|Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire]] 101.<ref name="Jacksonp11"/> Production Hunters were fitted with either the Avon or the Sapphire engine.<ref name = 'Griffin 17-18'/>

Early on in the Hunter's service the Avon engines proved to have poor surge margins, and worryingly suffered compressor stalls when the cannon were fired, sometimes resulting in [[Engineering:Flameout|flameout]]s.<ref name="Law 2002, pp. 211-212">Law 2002, pp. 211–212.</ref> The practice of "fuel dipping", reducing fuel flow to the engine when the cannon were fired, was a satisfactory solution.<ref name = 'Griffin 19'/> Although the Sapphire did not suffer from the flameout problems of the Avon and had better fuel economy, Sapphire-powered Hunters suffered many engine failures. The RAF elected to persevere with the Avon to simplify supply and maintenance, since the Canberra bomber used the same engine.<ref name = 'Griffin 25-26'>Griffin 2006, pp. 25–26.</ref>

The RAF sought more thrust than was available from the Avon 100 series; in response Rolls-Royce developed the Avon 200 series engine. This was an almost wholly new design, equipped with a new compressor to put an end to surge problems, an annular combustion chamber, and an improved fuel control system. The resulting Avon 203 produced {{convert|10,000|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} of thrust, and was the engine for the Hunter F.6.<ref name="auto1">Griffin 2006, p. 26.</ref>

==Operational history==

===Royal Air Force===
[[File:Hawker Hunter T7 59.jpg|thumb|Hunter T7 of the Empire Test Pilots' School, Farnborough Air Show, September 1959]]

The Hunter F.1 entered service with the Royal Air Force in July 1954. It was the first high-speed jet aircraft equipped with radar and fully powered flight controls to go into widespread service with the RAF. The Hunter replaced the [[Engineering:Gloster Meteor|Gloster Meteor]], the [[Engineering:Canadair Sabre|Canadair Sabre]], and the [[Engineering:De Havilland Venom|de Havilland Venom]] jet fighters in service.<ref name='RAF museum'>[http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/london/collections/aircraft/hawker-hunter-fga9.cfm "Hawker Hunter FGA9 Aircraft History - Post-World War Two Aircraft".] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110105053653/http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/london/collections/aircraft/hawker-hunter-fga9.cfm |date=5 January 2011 }} ''RAF Museum.'' Retrieved: 9 April 2011.</ref> Initially, low internal fuel capacity restricted the Hunter's performance, giving it only a maximum flight endurance of about an hour.<ref name = 'Griffin 19'>Griffin 2006, p. 19.</ref> A fatal accident occurred on 8 February 1956, when a flight of eight Hunters was diverted to another airfield owing to adverse weather conditions. Six of the eight aircraft ran out of fuel and crashed, killing one pilot.<ref name="HansardReport">[https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/written-answers/1956/apr/25/hunter-aircraft-report-of-inquiry#S5CV0551P0_19560425_CWA_74 "Hunter Aircraft (Report of Inquiry)."] ''Hansard,'' 25 April 1956. Retrieved: 23 August 2009.</ref>

Another difficulty encountered during the aircraft's introduction was the occurrence of surging and stalling with the Avon engines.<ref name="Law 2002, pp. 211-212"/> The F.2, which used the Armstrong-Siddeley Sapphire engine, did not suffer from this defect.<ref name = 'Griffin 19'/> Further problems occurred; ejected cannon ammunition links had a tendency to strike and damage the underside of the fuselage, and diverting the gas emitted by the cannon during firing was another necessary modification.<ref>Law 2002, p. 167.</ref> The original split-flap airbrakes caused adverse changes in pitch trim and were quickly replaced by a single ventral airbrake. This meant, however, that the airbrake could not be used for landings.<ref name = 'Griffin 19'/>

To address the problem of range, a production Hunter F.1 was fitted with a modified wing featuring bag-type fuel tanks in the leading edge and two (or 4 on later aircraft) "wet" hardpoints for 100-gallon drop tanks. The resulting Hunter F.4 first flew on 20 October 1954, and entered service in March 1955.<ref name = 'Griffin 25'>Griffin 2006, p. 25.</ref> A distinctive Hunter feature added on the F.4 was the pair of blisters under the cockpit, which collected spent ammunition links to prevent airframe damage. Crews dubbed them "Sabrinas" after the contemporary movie star.<ref name ='Griffin 19'/> The Sapphire-powered version of the F.4 was designated the Hunter F.5.<ref name = 'Griffin 25-26'/>

[[File:Hawker Hunter of No 43 Squadron RAF.jpg|thumb|left|Four Hunters of No. 43 Squadron in flight, c.&nbsp;1956]]

The RAF later received Hunters equipped with an improved Avon engine. The Avon 203 produced {{convert|10,000|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} of thrust and was fitted to ''XF833'', which became the first Hunter F.6.<ref name="auto1"/> Some other revisions on the F.6 included a revised fuel tank layout, the centre fuselage tanks being replaced by new slightly smaller ones in the rear fuselage; the distinctive "dogtooth" leading edge extension (Mod 533) to alleviate the [[Physics:Pitch-up|pitch-up]] problem; the "Mod 228" wing, with increased structural strength and four (rather than the previous two) "wet" hardpoints, finally giving the aircraft a good ferry range. The Hunter F.6 was given the company designation ''Hawker P.1099''.<ref name="auto1" />

During the Suez Crisis of 1956, Hunter F.5s of No. 1 and No. 34 Squadrons based at RAF Akrotiri in [[Place:Cyprus|Cyprus]] flew escort for [[Engineering:English Electric Canberra|English Electric Canberra]] bombers on offensive missions into Egypt.<ref>Skardon 2010, p. 478.</ref> For most of the conflict the Hunters engaged in local air defence due to their lack of range.<ref>Griffin 2006, p. 93.</ref>

During the Brunei Revolt in 1962, the Royal Air Force deployed Hunters and [[Engineering:Gloster Javelin|Gloster Javelin]]s over Brunei to provide support for British ground forces;<ref>Fowler and Lyles 2006, p. 10.</ref> Hunters launched both dummy and real strafing runs on ground targets to intimidate and pin down rebels.<ref name = 'Fowler 5'>Fowler and Lyles 2006, p. 5.</ref> In one event, several Bruneian and expatriate hostages were due to be executed by rebels. Hunter aircraft flew over Limbang while Royal Marines from 42 Commando rescued the hostages in a fierce battle.<ref name = 'Fowler 5'/> In the following years of the Borneo Confrontation, Hunters were deployed along with other RAF aircraft in Borneo and Malaya.<ref>Moulton, J.L. ''The Royal Marines''. London: Leo Cooper, 1972. {{ISBN|978-0-85052-117-7}}.</ref>

The Hunter F.6 was retired from its day fighter role in the RAF by 1963, being replaced by the much faster [[Engineering:English Electric Lightning|English Electric Lightning]] interceptor.<ref name = 'RAF museum'/> Many F.6s were then given a new lease of life in the close air support role, converting into the Hunter FGA.9 variant.<ref name = 'RAF museum'/>{{#tag:ref|Originally it had been planned to task the [[Engineering:Folland Gnat|Folland Gnat]] with the low-level ground attack missions; however, Hawker converted two aircraft and demonstrated in trials that the Hunter was able to significantly out-perform the Gnat, thus the Hunter was selected instead.<ref name="auto"/>|group=Note}} The FGA.9 saw frontline use from 1960 to 1971, alongside the closely related Hunter FR.10 tactical reconnaissance variant. The Hunters were also used by two RAF display units; the "Black Arrows" of No. 111 Squadron who set a record by looping and barrel rolling 22 Hunters in formation, and later the "Blue Diamonds" of No. 92 Squadron who flew 16 Hunters.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060503094456/http://www.raf.mod.uk/reds/teamhist2.html "Black Arrows History."] ''Royal Air Force'', Retrieved: 9 April 2011.</ref>

[[File:Hawker Hunter F6A, UK - Air Force AN2269812.jpg|thumb|Hunter F6A in flight near RAF Abingdon, 1979]]

In [[Place:Aden|Aden]] in May 1964, Hunter FGA.9s and FR.10s of No. 43 Squadron RAF and No. 8 Squadron RAF were used extensively during the Radfan campaign against insurgents attempting to overthrow the Federation of South Arabia. SAS forces would routinely call in air strikes that required considerable precision, and, predominantly using 3-inch high explosive rockets and 30&nbsp;mm ADEN cannon, the Hunter proved an able ground-attack platform.<ref>Scholey and Forsyth 2008, pp. 135, 137.</ref> Both squadrons continued operations with their Hunters until the UK withdrew from Aden in November 1967.<ref>Scholey and Forsyth 2008, p. 169.</ref>

Hunters were flown by No.63, No. 234 and No. 79 Squadrons acting in training roles for foreign and [[Organization:Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] students. These remained in service until after the Hawk T.1 entered service in the mid-1970s.<ref>Griffin 2006, p. 30.</ref> Two-seat trainer versions of the Hunter, the T.7 and T.8, remained in use for training and secondary roles by the RAF and Royal Navy until the early 1990s; when the [[Engineering:Blackburn Buccaneer|Blackburn Buccaneer]] retired from service. The requirement for Hunter trainers disappeared so the Buccaneer-oriented trainers were retired, leaving the RN T.8Ms to soldier on for a while longer.<ref name = 'Laming 51'/>

Hunters were also used by the Empire Test Pilots' School at MoD Boscombe Down. The Hunter is unusual among swept wing jet aircraft in being able to be safely spun inverted. This would be demonstrated to students of the school.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/hunter/survivor.php?id=282|title=Thunder & Lightnings - Hawker Hunter - Survivor XL612|website=www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk}}</ref>

=== Royal Danish Air Force ===
As early as 1953 the first Hunter flew over Denmark, when test pilot Neville Duke demonstrated the F.1 over Copenhagen Airport. During this demonstration, the pilot broke the sound barrier in a shallow dive.

Air Force officials were very impressed with the demonstration and since the Royal Danish Air Force (RDAF) were looking for a replacement for the Gloster Meteors in service at the time, the Hunter was a natural choice. Consequently, a contract for delivery of 30 F. Mk. 51 was signed on 3 July 1954. RDAF took delivery of the first two of these on 31 January 1956 and nine months later, all 30 Hunters had been delivered to 724 Squadron.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.stall.dk/flyvevaabnets-historie-fra-1945/fly-gennem-tiden/hawker-hunter.aspx|title=Stall Aviation 2014|website=www.stall.dk}}</ref>

Since the Hunter was a significantly different aircraft to fly, compared to older types such as the Meteor, the need for a two-seat trainer soon arose, and the RDAF took delivery of two T.Mk. 53 two-seat trainers in 1958.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.draken.dk/Flyvevaabnet/FlyvevaabnetsFly/Hunter.html|title=Main|website=www.draken.dk}}</ref>

In contrast to most other users of the Hunter, RDAF never converted the Hunter to the fighter-bomber role. Although some studies and experiments carried out in 1959, the project never materialised and the Hunter carried on as a day fighter until its retirement in 1974.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.draken.dk/Flyvevaabnet/FlyvevaabnetsFly/Hunter.html|title=Main|website=www.draken.dk|access-date=2019-03-14}}</ref>

The last flight of the Hunter in RDAF service was carried out on 30 April 1974. The entire fleet was initially preserved at Aalborg Air Base, in the hopes of a future sale to other users. No such sale was ever carried out, but 16 F.Mk. 51s and four T-Mk.53 (two additional T.Mk. 53 had been purchased from the Netherlands in 1967) were sent back to Hawker Siddeley in December 1975. Ultimately, most Hunters were sold either to private buyers or to military museums around the world. Only one example (47-401/E-401) was reserved for museum use in Denmark and currently resides in “Danmarks Flymuseum” in Stauning.<ref name="auto2"/>

===Indian Air Force===
<!-- Wikipedia is not the place to sort out the Indo-Pakistani relations. Stick to facts supported by credible references please, all other edits will be immediately reverted. -->
[[File:Hawker Hunter.jpg|thumb|Indian Air Force Hawker Hunter in the Indian Air Force Museum, Palam]]
In 1954, {{wipe|India}} arranged to purchase Hunters as a part of a wider arms deal with Britain, ordering 140 Hunter single-seat fighters<ref>Fricker and Green 1958, p. 160.</ref> at the same time that {{wipe|Pakistan}} announced its purchase of several [[Engineering:North American F-86 Sabre|North American F-86 Sabre]] jet fighters.<ref>Kavic 1967, p. 109.</ref> The {{wipe|Indian Air Force}} (IAF) was the first to operate the Hunter T.66 trainers, placing an initial order in 1957. The more powerful engine was considered beneficial in a hot environment, allowing for greater takeoff weights.<ref>Griffin 2006, p. 31.</ref> During the 1960s, Pakistan investigated the possibility of buying as many as 40 [[Engineering:English Electric Lightning|English Electric Lightning]]s, but Britain was unenthusiastic about the potential sales opportunity because of the damage it would do to its relations with India, which at the time was still awaiting the delivery of large numbers of ex-RAF Hunters.<ref>Pytharian 2000, p. 130.</ref>

By the outbreak of the Sino-Indian War in 1962, India had assembled one of the largest air forces in Asia, and the Hunter was the nation's primary and most capable interceptor.<ref>Gupta 1997, p. 33.</ref> During the conflict, the Hunter demonstrated its superiority over China's Russian-sourced MiGs and gave India a strategic advantage in the air.<ref name = 'Sieff 83'>Sieff 2009, p. 83.</ref>{{#tag:ref|Nikita Khrushchev had become distrustful of [[Biography:Mao Zedong|Mao Zedong]], and withheld major technologies such as new Soviet fighter aircraft, thus China's MiGs were very early jet aircraft only.(See Sino–Soviet split)<ref name = 'Sieff 83'/>|group=Note}} India's aerial superiority deterred Chinese [[Engineering:Ilyushin Il-4|Ilyushin Il-4]] bombers from attacking targets within India.<ref name = 'Sieff 84'>Sieff 2009, p. 84.</ref> In 1962, India had selected to procure its first supersonic-capable fighter, the [[Engineering:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21|Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21]]; large numbers of Russian-built fighters had increasingly supplemented the aging Hunters in the interceptor role by 1970.<ref>Gupta 1997, pp. 41–42.</ref>

The Hunter was to play a major role during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965;{{#tag:ref|The IAF had 118 Hunters at their disposal at the beginning of the 1965 conflict.<ref>Coggins 2000, p. 163.</ref>|group=Note}} along with the [[Engineering:Folland Gnat|Folland Gnat]] the Hunter was India's primary air defence fighter, and regularly engaged in dogfights with the Pakistani F-86 Sabres<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/history/1965war/1334-alfred-cooke.html|title=One Vs Four : The complete story of Alfred Cooke's epic air combat.|first=Book Excerpt-The India-Pakistan Air War|last=of 1965|website=www.bharat-rakshak.com}}</ref> and F-104 Starfighters.<ref>Mohan and Chopra 2005, p. 41.</ref> The aerial war saw both sides conducting thousands of sorties in a single month.<ref name=tribune1>Singh, Jasjit. [http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20070506/spectrum/main1.htm "The 1965 India-Pakistan War: IAF’s Ground Reality".] ''The Sunday Tribune'', 6 May 2007.</ref> Both sides claimed victory in the air war, Pakistan claimed to have destroyed 104 aircraft against its own losses of 19, while India claimed to have destroyed 73 enemy aircraft and lost 35 of its own.<ref>Van Creveld, 2012, pp. 286–287.</ref> Despite the intense fighting, the conflict was effectively a stalemate.<ref>Coggins 2000, pp. 163–164.</ref>

IAF Hunters performed extensive operations during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971; India had six combat-ready squadrons of Hunters at the start of the conflict.<ref name = 'Coggins 165'>Coggins 2000, p. 165.</ref>{{#tag:ref|Each squadron typically had 16 aircraft, meaning India had roughly 96 Hunters available.<ref name = 'Coggins 165'/>|group=Note}} Pakistani infantry and armoured forces attacked the Indian outpost of Longewala in an event now known as the Battle of Longewala. Six IAF Hunters stationed at Jaisalmer Air Force Base were able to halt the Pakistani advance at Longewala by conducting non-stop bombing raids. The aircraft attacked Pakistani tanks, armoured personnel carriers and gun positions and contributed to the increasingly chaotic battlefield conditions, which ultimately led to the retreat of Pakistan's ground forces.<ref name = 'Nordeen 100'>Nordeen 1985, p. 100.</ref>{{#tag:ref|The Hunters were not fitted with night vision equipment, and as such were delayed from conducting combat missions until dawn.<ref name = 'Nordeen 100'/>|group=Note}} Hunters were also used for many ground-attack missions and raids inside Pakistan's borders, such as the high-profile bombing of the Attock Oil refinery to limit Pakistani fuel supplies.<ref>Jackson 1990, p. 128.</ref> In the aftermath of the conflict, Pakistan claimed to have shot down a total of 32 of India's Hunters.<ref>Coggins 2000, p. 166.</ref>

Due to unfavourable currency conditions and conflicting pressures on the military budget, several prospective procurements of modern aircraft such as the [[Engineering:SEPECAT Jaguar|SEPECAT Jaguar]] and the [[Engineering:British Aerospace Sea Harrier|British Aerospace Sea Harrier]] were put on hold following the 1971 war; the indigenously developed [[Engineering:HAL HF-24 Marut|HAL HF-24 Marut]] had also not been as successful as hoped, thus the IAF decided to retain the ageing fleets of Hunters and [[Engineering:English Electric Canberra|English Electric Canberra]] bombers.<ref>Gupta 1997, pp. 48–49.</ref> After considering several foreign aircraft to replace the Hunter, including the [[Engineering:Dassault Mirage F1|Dassault Mirage F1]], the [[Engineering:Saab 37 Viggen|Saab 37 Viggen]], and several Soviet models, the Indian government announced its intention to procure 200 Jaguars, a large portion of which were to be assembled domestically, in October 1978.<ref>Smith 1994, pp. 99–100.</ref> In 1996, the last of the IAF's Hunters were phased out of service, the last squadron operating Hunters later converting to the newer [[Engineering:Sukhoi Su-30MKI|Sukhoi Su-30MKI]].<ref>Datta, Saikat.[http://www.indianexpress.com/oldStory/10209/ "Rest Over, Upgraded Sukhois Set to Fly Again".] ''Indian Express'', 27 September 2002.</ref>

===Swedish Air Force===
[[File:J34-firstF18.jpg|thumb|Swedish Air Force J34 Hunter, 1955]]
In the early 1950s, the {{wipe|Swedish Air Force}} saw the need for an interceptor that could reach enemy bombers at a higher altitude than the [[Engineering:Saab 29 Tunnan|J 29 Tunnan]] that formed the backbone of the fighter force. A contract for 120 Hawker Hunter Mk 50s (equivalent to the Mk 4) was therefore signed on 29 June 1954<ref name="Jacksonp70">Jackson 1982, p. 70.</ref> and the first aircraft was delivered on 26 August 1955.<ref name="Mason p600">Mason 1991, p. 600.</ref> The model was designated J 34 and was assigned to the F 8 and F 18 wings that defended [[Place:Stockholm|Stockholm]]. The J 34 was armed with four 30&nbsp;mm (1.18&nbsp;in) cannon and two [[Engineering:AIM-9 Sidewinder|Sidewinder]]s. The Swedish Air Force's aerobatic team Acro Hunters used five J 34s during the late 1950s. The J 34s were gradually replaced by supersonic [[Engineering:Saab 35 Draken|J 35 Draken]] and reassigned to less prominent air wings, F 9 in Gothenburg and F 10 in Ängelholm, during the 1960s.<ref name = 'griffin 431'>Griffin 2006, p. 431.</ref>

A project to improve the performance of the J 34 resulted in one Hunter being fitted with a Swedish-designed afterburner in 1958. While this significantly increased the engine's thrust, there was little improvement in overall performance, so the project was shelved.<ref name="Jacksonp70"/><ref name="Mason p398-9">Mason 1991, pp. 398–399.</ref> The last of the J 34s was retired from service in 1969.<ref name = 'griffin 431'/>

===Swiss Air Force===
[[File:Swiss Air Force Hunter and Mirage III-DS in formation.jpg|thumb|A pair of ex-Swiss Air Force Hunters flying in close formation behind a single Mirage III, 2011]]
In 1957, the Swiss Air Force performed an extensive evaluation of several aircraft for a prospective purchase; competitors included the [[Engineering:North American F-86 Sabre|North American F-86 Sabre]], the [[Engineering:Folland Gnat|Folland Gnat]], and the Hawker Hunter; a pair of Hunters were loaned to the Swiss for further trials and testing.<ref name="mason126">Mason 1985, pp.126–127</ref> In January 1958, the government of Switzerland chose to terminate their independent fighter aircraft project, the in-development [[Engineering:FFA P-16|FFA P-16]], instead choosing to order 100 Hunters to replace their existing fleet of [[Engineering:De Havilland Vampire|de Havilland Vampire]] fighters.<ref name = 'Lombardi 50'>Lombardi 2007, p. 50.</ref> Further development of the indigenous P-16 was discontinued.<ref>Condon 2007, pp. 8–9.</ref> This initial order for 100 single-seat Hunters consisted of 12 refurbished RAF F.6s, and 88 new-built F.58s.<ref name="wapj20 p138">Donnet ''World Air Power Journal,'' Volume 20, Spring 1995, p. 138.</ref><ref name="WoF20 p96">Lake ''Wings of Fame'' Volume 20, p. 96.</ref><ref name = 'Martin 321'>Martin 1996, p. 321.</ref>

Swiss Hunters were operated as interceptors, with a secondary ground-attack role; from 1963 onwards, the outboard wing pylons were modified to carry two [[Engineering:AIM-9 Sidewinder|AIM-9 Sidewinder]] air-to-air missiles.<ref name = 'Lombardi 51'>Lombardi 2007, p. 51.</ref> In the ground-attack role, the Swiss Air Force maintained an arsenal of conventional iron bombs, a number of compatible [[Engineering:Napalm|napalm]] bombs were also maintained for intended use by the Hunters.<ref name = 'Lombardi 50'/> In the interceptor role, the Hunters were supplemented by a [[Engineering:Surface-to-air missile|surface-to-air missile]] (SAM) defence system also procured from the United Kingdom, based on the Bristol Bloodhound.<ref>Anselmino 1990, p. 21-23.</ref> In case of unserviceable airstrips, Swiss Air Force Jets would take off from adjacent highways, using them as improvised runways.<ref>Anselmino1990, pp. 21–23.</ref>

The ''Patrouille Suisse'' flight demonstration team were prominent fliers of the Hawker Hunter for several decades. Squadron aircraft were fitted with smoke generators on the engine exhausts and, later on, were painted in a distinctive red-and-white livery. The group officially formed on 22 August 1964, and used the Hunter as its display aircraft until it was withdrawn from use in 1994, the team continued to perform flight display using newer aircraft.<ref name = 'Lombardi 50'/><ref>[http://www.lw.admin.ch/internet/luftwaffe/de/home/verbaende/einsatz_lw/kunstflugteam/ps.html ''Patrouille Suisse''.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160124042533/http://www.lw.admin.ch/internet/luftwaffe/de/home/verbaende/einsatz_lw/kunstflugteam/ps.html |date=2016-01-24 }} Swiss Air Force. Retrieved: 14 April 2011.</ref>

[[File:PatrouilleSuisse1991.jpg|thumb|left|Hunters of the ''Patrouille Suisse'' in formation flight, c.&nbsp;1991]]
The Hunter fleet endured several attempts to procure successor aircraft to the type; in the case of the [[Engineering:Dassault Mirage III|Dassault Mirage III]] this had been due to excessive cost overruns and poor project management rather than the attributes of the Hunter itself.<ref name = 'Martin 321'/> A second attempt to replace the Hunter resulted in a competition between the French [[Engineering:Dassault Mirage III#Derivatives|Dassault Milan]] and the U.S. [[Engineering:LTV A-7 Corsair II|LTV A-7 Corsair II]]. Although the A-7 was eventually chosen as the winner, it would not be purchased and further 30 refurbished Hunters (22 F.58As and eight T.68 trainers) were purchased in 1974 instead.<ref name="WoF20 p96"/><ref name = 'Martin 321'/><ref name="WAPJ20 p140">Donnet ''World Air Power Journal'' Volume 20 Spring 1995, p. 140.</ref>

By 1975, plans were laid to replace the Hunter in the air-to-air role with a more modern fighter aircraft, the [[Engineering:Northrop F-5|Northrop F-5E Tiger II]].<ref>Martin 1996, p. 322.</ref> The Hunter remained in a key role within the Swiss Air Force; like the RAF's Hunter fleet, the type transitioned to become the country's primary ground attack platform, replacing the Venom. While the Swiss Hunters already had more armament options than the RAF aircraft, being cleared to carry Oerlikon 80&nbsp;mm rockets instead of the elderly 3-inch rockets used by the RAF, to carry bombs from both inner and outer pylons and to launch [[Engineering:AIM-9 Sidewinder|AIM-9 Sidewinder]] air-to-air missiles,<ref name="WoF20 p81-2">Lake ''Wings of Fame'' Volume 20, pp. 81–82.</ref><ref name="AIjul81 p26">Braybrook ''Air International'' July 1981, p. 26.</ref> the change to a primary air-to-ground role resulted in the Hunter 80 upgrade, adding chaff/flare dispensers, BL755 cluster bombs and the ability to carry AGM-65 Maverick missiles.<ref name="WAPJ20 p141">Donnet ''World Air Power Journal,'' Volume 20, Spring 1995, p. 141.</ref>

In the 1990s, the discovery of wing cracking led to the quick retirement of all Hunter F.58As. The end of the [[History:Cold War|Cold War]] also allowed Switzerland to retire its Hunters earlier than expected; the Hunter was completely withdrawn from Swiss service in 1994.<ref name="WAPJ20 p145">Donnet ''World Air Power Journal'' Volume 20, Spring 1995, p. 145.</ref><ref name="WoF20 p82,96">Lake ''Wings of Fame'' Volume 20, pp. 82, 96.</ref><ref>Senior 2003, pp. 33–34, 74.</ref> The Swiss Air Force lost the capability to carry out air-to-ground operations when the Hunters were withdrawn from service.<ref>[http://www.blick.ch/news/politik/kommission-will-erdkampffaehigkeit-f-a-18-jets-sollen-bomber-werden-id6578614.html SVP-Politiker will Kampfjets für Erdkampf ausrüsten] citation: "Nach 1994, als man mit der Stilllegung der Hunter-Jets die Erdkampffähigkeit verlor"</ref>
{{clear}}

===Republic of Singapore Air Force===
[[File:RSAF Hawker Hunter (front).jpg|thumb|A retired 140 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force Hawker Hunter FGA.74S, serial number 527 (ex-RAF ''XF458''), at the RSAF Museum.{{#tag:ref|Note also the additional hardpoints and the ADEN gun ports, which have been faired over to protect this museum piece against the weather.|group=Note}}]]

Singapore was an enthusiastic operator of the Hunter, first ordering the aircraft in 1968 during a massive expansion of the city-state's armed forces; deliveries began in 1971 and were completed by 1973. At the time, considerable international controversy was generated as Britain (and, as was later revealed, the U.S.) had refused to sell Hunters to neighbouring Malaysia, sparking fears of a regional arms race and accusations of [[Philosophy:Elitism|favouritism]].<ref>Jeshurun 1975, pp. 18–19.</ref> The {{wipe|Republic of Singapore Air Force}} (RSAF) eventually received 46 refurbished Hunters to equip two squadrons.<ref name="AFM67">Atkins, Peter. "Singapore or Bust."''{{wipe|Air Forces Monthly}},'' Issue 67, November 1994.{{ISSN|0955-7091}}.</ref><ref>[http://www.pacific-hunter-aviation.com.au/titlesqn.html "RSAF First Squadron Hunter."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160731181023/http://www.pacific-hunter-aviation.com.au/titlesqn.html |date=31 July 2016 }} ''Pacific Hunter Aviation.'' Retrieved: 15 April 2011.</ref>{{#tag:ref|The breakdown of Singapore's Hunter fleet being 12 × FGA.74, 26 × FR.74A/B and 8 × T.75/A (excluding one T.75A lost in an accident before delivery).<ref name="AFM67"/>|group=Note}}

In the late 1970s, the Singaporean Hunter fleet was upgraded and modified by Lockheed Aircraft Services Singapore (LASS) with an additional hardpoint under the forward fuselage and another two inboard pylons (wired only for [[Engineering:AIM-9 Sidewinder|AIM-9 Sidewinder]]s) before the main gears, bringing to a total of seven hardpoints for external stores and weapons delivery. As a result of these upgrades, they were redesignated as FGA.74S, FR.74S and T.75S.<ref name="AFM67"/> The RSAF Black Knights, Singapore Air Force's aerobatic team, flew Hunters from 1973 until 1989.<ref>[http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/mindef_websites/atozlistings/air_force/assets/black_knights/history.html "Black Knights - History".] ''Republic of Singapore Air Force''. Retrieved: 15 April 2010.</ref>

By 1991, Singapore's fleet of combat aircraft included the [[Engineering:General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon]], the [[Engineering:Northrop F-5|Northrop F-5 Tiger II]], as well as the locally modernised and upgraded [[Engineering:ST Aerospace A-4SU Super Skyhawk|ST Aerospace A-4SU Super Skyhawk]]; the Hunters were active but obsolete in comparison. The type was finally retired and phased out of service in 1992, with the 21 surviving airframes being sold off to an Australian [[Engineering:Warbird|warbird]] broker, Pacific Hunter Aviation Pty, in 1995.<ref>[http://www.pacific-hunter-aviation.com.au/sales1.html "Hunter for sale."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216145847/http://www.pacific-hunter-aviation.com.au/sales1.html |date=2011-02-16 }} ''Pacific Hunter Aviation.'' Retrieved: 15 April 2011.</ref>

===Lebanese Air Force===
The {{wipe|Lebanese Air Force}} operated Hawker Hunters from 1958 to 2014. A Lebanese Hunter shot down an Israeli jet over Kfirmishki in the early 1960s; its pilot was captured by the Lebanese Armed Forces.<ref>[http://www.lebarmy.gov.lb/article.asp?ln=ar&id=20057 "وقائع العرض العسكري الذي سيقام بمناسبة عيد الاستقلال ."{{in lang|ar}}] ''lebarmy.gov.lb'', 21 November 2008. Retrieved: 23 July 2009.</ref> One Hunter was shot down on the first day of the Six-Day War by the {{wipe|Israeli Air Force}}. They were used infrequently during the Lebanese Civil War,<ref>Hirst 2010, pp. 100–101.</ref> and eventually fell out of usage and went into storage during the 1980s.<ref>Rolland 2003, p. 186.</ref>

In August 2007, the Lebanese Armed Forces planned to put its Hunters back into service following the 2007 Lebanon conflict, to deal with Fatah al-Islam militants in the Nahr el-Bared camp north of Tripoli.<ref>[http://yalibnan.com/site/archives/2007/09/the_victory_leb_1.php "Helicopter bombs."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928041018/http://yalibnan.com/site/archives/2007/09/the_victory_leb_1.php |date=2007-09-28 }} ''yalibnan.com''. Retrieved: 23 July 2009.</ref> The programme was delayed by lack of spare parts for the aircraft, such as cartridges for the Martin-Baker ejection seats.<ref name="AI mar11 p77">Lake ''Air International'' March 2011, p. 77.</ref> On 12 November 2008, 50 years after its original introduction, the Lebanese Air Force returned four of its eight Hunters to service with 2nd Squadron, based at Rayak AB: one two-seater and three single-seaters. Military exercises were conducted with Hunters, such as those that took place on 12 July 2010.<ref name="AI mar11 p77"/><ref>[http://www.naharnet.com/domino/tn/NewsDesk.nsf/getstory?openform&D93B7CF49E99766BC225775E00238E19 "Hawker Hunters to Exercise in Lebanese Airspace."] ''naharnet.com.'' Retrieved: 22 August 2010.</ref> The Hunters were retired from service during 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/aviation/11824122/Shoreham-air-crash-Hawker-Hunter-had-been-mothballed-three-times-but-could-have-flown-for-70-more-years.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/aviation/11824122/Shoreham-air-crash-Hawker-Hunter-had-been-mothballed-three-times-but-could-have-flown-for-70-more-years.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Shoreham air crash: Hawker Hunter had been mothballed three times but 'could have flown for 70 more years'|last=Rayner|first=Gordon|date=25 August 2015|work=The Telegraph|access-date=2015-12-08|location=London}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

===Others===

====Africa====
During the 1950s, the {{wipe|Royal Rhodesian Air Force}} was an important export customer of Britain, purchasing not only Hunters but also [[Engineering:De Havilland Vampire|De Havilland Vampire]]s and Canberra bombers.<ref name = 'petter 52'>Petter-Bowyer 2005, p. 52.</ref> Rhodesia later deployed its Hunter FGA.9s extensively against ZANLA and ZIPRA guerrillas during the Rhodesian Bush War in the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s, occasionally engaging in cross-border raids over Zambia and Mozambique.<ref>"Fireforce Exposed: the Rhodesian Security Forces and their Role in Defending White Supremacy". ''Anti-Apartheid Movement'', 1979, p. 51.</ref> The {{wipe|Air Force of Zimbabwe}} Hunters were flown to support Laurent Kabila's loyalists during the Second Congo War, and were reported to be involved in the Mozambican Civil War.<ref>Beckett and Pimlott 1985, p. 168.</ref> One remained in service in 2022.<ref name="Zimbabwe"/> In Somalia, the Siad Barre regime's fleet of ageing Hunters, often piloted by former Rhodesian servicemen, carried out several bombing missions against rebel units in the late 1980s.<ref>Lefebvre 1992, p. 251.</ref>

====Belgium and the Netherlands====
[[File:Twee Hawker Hunters F.Mk.4 op de taxitrack Mokmer voor aanvang van de officiële afscheidsvlucht (2157 016447).jpg|thumb|A pair of Dutch Hunter F.4 aircraft operating out of Mokmer airport in New Guinea, 1962.]]
The Belgian Air Force received 112 Hunter F.4s between 1956 and 1957 to replace the [[Engineering:Gloster Meteor|Gloster Meteor F.8]].<ref name="Belgium">Jackson 1977, pp. 63–73.</ref> The aircraft were built under licence in both Belgium and the Netherlands in a joint programme, some using US offshore funding.<ref name="Belgium"/> SABCA and Avions Fairey built 64 aircraft in Belgium and a further 48 were built in the Netherlands by Fokker.<ref name="Belgium"/> The Hunters were used by Nos. 1, 3 and 9 Wings but did not serve for long; the aircraft with 1 Wing were replaced in 1958 by the [[Engineering:Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck|Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck]], and most were scrapped afterwards.<ref>Jackson 1990, p. 84.</ref>

The Belgian and Dutch governments subsequently ordered the improved Hunter F.6, with Nos. 1, 7 and 9 Wings of the Belgian Air Force receiving 112 Fokker-built aircraft between 1957 and 1958. Although built in the Netherlands, 29 aircraft had been assembled from kits in Belgium by SABCA and 59 by Avions Fairey, and were operated by 7 and 9 Wings.<ref name="Belgium" /> No. 9 Wing was disbanded in 1960, and by 1963 the Hunter squadrons in 7 Wing had also been disbanded. A large number of the surviving Hunters were sold to Hawker Aircraft and re-built for re-export to India and Iraq, with others to Chile, Kuwait and Lebanon.<ref name="Belgium" />

====Middle East====
[[File:Hawker Hunter F.73B XF987 Jordan BRO 12.06.71 edited-3.jpg|thumb|Hunter F.73 of the Royal Jordanian Air Force in 1971]]
Between 1964 and 1975, both Britain and France delivered significant quantities of arms, including Hunters, to Iraq. The Hunters were far more effective in fighting guerrilla activity than the Russian MiG-17s then operated by Iraq.<ref>Curtis 1986, p. 128.</ref> In December 1964, a dog-fight took place between four Israeli Mirage fighters and four Hunters of the {{wipe|Royal Jordanian Air Force}}. Two Mirages were downed and another damaged, without damage to the Hunters.<ref>Pike 2014, Ch. 13.</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Where falcons dare: Hamid Anwar (1934-2015)|date=3 July 2015|url=https://thefridaytimes.com/03-Jul-2015/where-falcons-dare-hamid-anwar-1934-2015|publisher=The Friday Times|access-date=12 December 2023}}</ref> In 1967, Hunters of the {{wipe|Iraqi Air Force}} saw action after the Six-Day War between [[Place:Israel|Israel]] and several neighbouring Arab nations. During the War of Attrition Iraqi Hunters usually operated from bases in Egypt and Syria. While flying a Hunter from Iraqi Airbase H3, Flight Lieutenant Saiful Azam, on exchange from the {{wipe|Pakistan Air Force}}, shot down three Israeli jets including a [[Engineering:Sud Aviation Vautour|Sud Aviation Vautour]] and a [[Engineering:Dassault Mirage III|Mirage IIICJ]].{{#tag:ref|Israeli sources state that the Mirage III and the Hunter were well matched, the Mirage having more advanced avionics while the Hunter had greater agility.<ref name="Pollack">Pollack 2002, p. 294.</ref>|group=Note}} Some missions were also flown by the {{wipe|Royal Jordanian Air Force}}, but most of the Jordanian Hunters were destroyed on the ground on the first day of the Six-Day War.<ref>Pollack 2002, p. 295.</ref> Replacement Hunters for Jordanian service were acquired from both Britain and Saudi Arabia in the war's aftermath.<ref>Bahl and Syed 2003, p. 201.</ref> These were used with considerable success in ground attacks against Syrian Army tanks during the Black September Crisis.<ref name="Pollack"/>

====South America====
During the 1960s and 1970s, Chile completed the acquisition of Hunters from Britain for service in the {{wipe|Chilean Air Force}}.<ref name = 'Arce 17'>Arce 2004, p. 17.</ref> In June 1973, the Liberian [[Engineering:Oil tanker|oil tanker]] ''Napier'' ran aground on Guamblin Island, [[Earth:Oil spill|accidentally releasing]] 30,000 tons of oil. After the rescue of the crew, the vessel was fired upon and set on fire by Chilean Hunters in an effort to burn the oil to avoid further environmental contamination.<ref>SIGWEB Sistemas integrados de Gestión, Carlos Saldivia, [http://www.sigweb.cl/biblioteca/DerramesPetroleoChile.pdf Las desconocidas historias de los tres derrames de petróleo en Chile] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055007/http://www.sigweb.cl/biblioteca/DerramesPetroleoChile.pdf |date=21 September 2013 }}, retrieved on 18 September 2013</ref>

During the 1973 Chilean coup d'état, some of the Hunters were used by military officers as part of the effort to successfully overthrow the socialist president of Chile, Salvador Allende, on 11 September 1973. On 10 September 1973, coup leaders ordered the Hunters to relocate to Talcahuano in preparation. The following morning, the aircraft were used to conduct bombing missions against Palacio de La Moneda, Allende's official residence in Santiago, and several radio stations loyal to the government.<ref name = 'Arce 17'/> The UK had signed contracts prior to the Chilean coup d'état for delivery of a further seven Hunters, as well as performing engine overhauls and the delivery of other equipment. The government under Prime Minister James Callaghan delayed the delivery of the aircraft, along with vessels and submarines also on order; the trade unions took action to block delivery of refurbished Hunter engines at the East Kilbride plant until October 1978. The action was led by Rolls-Royce workers, Bob Fulton, Robert Sommerville and John Keenan, who hid the engines in the factory.<ref>Phythian 2000, p. 105.</ref> The Government of Chile bestowed on 16 April 2015, its highest civilian medal the Order Bernardo O'Higgins Medal on the three workers for their action of solidarity.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://chileabroad.gov.cl/reino-unido/2015/03/27/embajador-rolando-drago-condecora-a-trabajadores-escoceses/|title=Embajada de Chile en el Reino Unido » Blog Archive » Embajador Rolando Drago condecora a trabajadores escoceses|access-date=20 April 2015|archive-date=27 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427124757/http://chileabroad.gov.cl/reino-unido/2015/03/27/embajador-rolando-drago-condecora-a-trabajadores-escoceses/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The protest is the subject of the 2018 documentary film ''Nae Pasaran''. In 1982, after the Falklands War, a number of Hunters were air freighted to Chile as part of the arrangements for providing support for UK operations in the South Atlantic.<ref>[http://www.spyflight.co.uk/chile.htm "The Falklands Campaign – the Chilean connection."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430052441/http://www.spyflight.co.uk/chile.htm |date=30 April 2012 }} ''spyflight.co''. Retrieved: 19 September 2013.</ref>

The purchase of Hunters by Chile may have been a factor in the decision by the {{wipe|Peruvian Air Force}} to acquire Hunters of their own.<ref>Phythian 2000, p. 129.</ref> Britain was keen to sell to Peru as the decision to sell Hunters to Chile became a controversial political issue for the British government following the Chilean coup; the sale also upheld Britain's concept of regional "balancing".<ref>Phythian 2000, pp. 105–106, 130.</ref>

==Variants==
{{further|Engineering:Hawker Hunter variants}}

==Operators==

===Military operators===
[[File:Hawker Hunter users.PNG|thumb|upright=1.35|Hunter operators]]
*{{flag|Abu Dhabi}}<ref>Jackson 1990, p. 131.</ref>
*{{BEL}}
*{{CHI}}
*{{DNK}}<ref>Jackson 1990, p. 17.</ref><ref name="Schrøder">Schrøder, Hans (1991). "Royal Danish Airforce". Ed. Kay S. Nielsen. Tøjhusmuseet, 1991, p. 63. {{ISBN|87-89022-24-6}}.</ref>
*{{flag|Iraq|1963}}
*{{IND}}
*{{JOR}}
*{{KEN}}<ref name = 'Jackson 137'/>
*{{KWT}}<ref name = 'Jackson 137'>Jackson 1990, p. 137.</ref>
*{{LBN}} 
*{{NLD}}
*{{OMN}}<ref>Jackson 1990, p. 138.</ref>
*{{PER}}
*{{QAT}}<ref>Jackson 1990, p. 139.</ref>
*{{flag|Rhodesia}}<ref>Jackson 1982, p. 68.</ref>
*{{SAU}}
*{{SIN}}<ref name="AFM67"/>
*{{SOM}}
*{{SWE}}
*{{SUI}}
*{{UK}}
*{{ZIM}}
[[File:hawker hunter t7 blue diamond in planform arp.jpg|thumb|Hunter T7 restored by Delta Jets now Vintage Flyers at Kemble Airport, {{wipe|England}}]]
[[File:hunter and meteor at kemble arp.jpg|thumb|Gloster Meteor NF11 flies with Hunter Flight Academy's Hawker Hunter T7A G-FFOX at Kemble Air Show 2009]]
[[File:Hawker Hunter T7 Shoreham Airshow 2014.jpg|thumb|Hunter T7 aerobatics, Shoreham Airshow 2014. This aircraft was destroyed in the 2015 Shoreham Airshow crash.]]

===Civil===
A number of civil organisations operate or have operated Hunters for use as aerial targets and for threat simulation under contract with the military. Other Hunters are owned and operated for public display and demonstration:

;Airborne Tactical Advantage Company (ATAC)
* The American company [[Company:Airborne Tactical Advantage Company|ATAC]], based at Williamsburg International Airport in Newport News, Virginia, has operated 14 former Swiss F.58s on United States government contracts,<ref>[http://www.atacusa.com/aircraft.htm "Aircraft".] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028220507/http://www.atacusa.com/aircraft.htm |date=28 October 2011 }} ''Airborne Tactical Advantage Company''. Retrieved: 2 November 2011.</ref> though three have since been lost in accidents.<ref>{{cite web|title=DCA12PA076|url=https://www.ntsb.gov/_layouts/ntsb.aviation/brief.aspx?ev_id=20120518X65127&key=1&queryId=1ab77d18-3112-4e94-af55-8a833120ea1c&pgno=1&pgsize=50&key=1|publisher=National Transportation Safety Board|access-date=20 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Jet crashes in Southern California, killing pilot|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-201_162-57437445/jet-crashes-in-southern-california-killing-pilot/|publisher=CBS News|access-date=18 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=WPR15GA030|url=https://www.ntsb.gov/_layouts/ntsb.aviation/brief.aspx?ev_id=20141029X13346&key=1&key=1|publisher=National Transportation Safety Board|access-date=20 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title='Top Gun' style military jet crashes outside Navy base in California, killing pilot|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/pilot-top-gun-style-military-jet-dies-calif-crash-article-1.1992415/|publisher=NYDailyNews|access-date=20 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=PILOT DIES IN MILITARY PLANE CRASH IN PORT HUENEME|date=30 October 2014|url=http://abc7.com/news/pilot-dies-in-military-plane-crash-in-port-hueneme/372327/|publisher=ABC News|access-date=20 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=ATAC HAWKER HUNTER CRASHES OFF THE COAST OF SAN DIEGO|date=24 August 2017|url=https://theaviationgeekclub.com/atac-hawker-hunter-crashes-off-coast-san-diego/|publisher=The Aviation Geek Club|access-date=10 July 2018}}</ref>

;Apache Aviation
*Contracted by the French Navy, Apache is based at Istres in Provence, France, with frequent deployments to Lorient and Landivisiau in Brittany, other locations as required. Operates two single-seater and one two-seat Hunters. Operations are associated with Lortie Aviation.<ref>[http://www.apache-aviation.fr/anglais/flotte.htm "Fleet".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160825201206/http://www.apache-aviation.fr/anglais/flotte.htm |date=25 August 2016 }} ''Apache Aviation''. Retrieved: 14 April 2011.</ref>

;Delta Jets
*Operated between 1995 and 2010 from Kemble Airport near Cirencester, {{wipe|England}} with three operational Hunters. The company went into liquidation in 2010, Hunter G-FFOX (WV318) is now operated by the Hunter Flight academy.<ref>[http://www.touchdown-aviation.com/flying-legends/operator/delta-jets-ltd.php "Delta Jets".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925035317/http://www.touchdown-aviation.com/flying-legends/operator/delta-jets-ltd.php |date=25 September 2017 }} ''Touchdown Aviation'' Retrieved: 3 April 2015.</ref>

;Dutch Hawker Hunter Foundation
*Operates a Hunter T.8C two-seater in RNLAF markings and a single-seat Hunter F.6A in Dutch markings, based at Leeuwarden Air Base in the Netherlands.<ref>[http://www.dutchhawkerhunter.nl/ "Dutch Hawker Hunter Foundation."]  ''Dutch Hawker Hunter''. Retrieved: 3 November 2009.</ref>

;Embraer
*Operates an ex-Chilean Air Force Hunter T.72 as a flight test chase plane.<ref>[http://www.airliners.net/photo/Embraer/Hawker-Hunter-T72/0506651/L/  "Embraer liveried Hunter."]  ''Airliners''. Retrieved: 3 November 2009.</ref>

;Hawker Hunter Aviation
*Based at RAF Leeming, it operates a fleet of 12 Mk 58 and three two-seaters (T.7 and T.8), as well as other aircraft to provide high speed aerial threat simulation, mission support training and trials support services.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hunterteam.com/Aircraft/ |title=Our Aircraft |website=Hawker Hunter Aviation |access-date=19 March 2017}}</ref>

;Hunter Flight Academy.
*Operates a Hunter T.7a G-FFOX (WV318) callsign "FireFox" – a two-seat Hunter in 111sqn "Black Arrows" colours and markings. The Hunter T.7a is based at North Weald Airfield in the UK.<ref>[http://hunterflightacademy.com/ "Hunter Flight Academy."] ''hunterflightacademy.com''.</ref>

;Hunter Flying Ltd. (now Horizon Aircraft Services Ltd.)
*Based at MOD St Athan in Wales, Hunter Flying Ltd maintains over 15 privately owned examples of the Hunter.<ref>Salter, Matthew. [http://www.hunterflyingltd.co.uk/ "Hunter Flying."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004204640/http://www.hunterflyingltd.co.uk/ |date=4 October 2011 }} ''Hunter Flying Ltd.'', March 2012. Retrieved: 26 March 2012.</ref>

;International Test Pilots School

* International Test Pilots School - three aircraft operating from the London International Airport, London, Ontario, Canada.

;'''Lortie Aviation'''
*Lortie Aviation of {{wipe|Canada}} (formerly known as Northern Lights Combat Air Support) is based in Quebec City and owns 21 Hunters (mainly ex-Swiss F.58 variants) that are leased out for military training duties.<ref>[http://www.lortieaviation.com "Lortie Aviation Inc."] ''Lortie Aviation''. Retrieved: 6 December 2009.</ref> In August 2021, Lortie was successful as the only bidder to purchase five jets and the spare parts from the {{wipe|Lebanese Air Force}}, for a price expected to be around US$1m. They were believed to have not been operational since 2010.<ref name="2021-08-12_DN">[https://www.defensenews.com/industry/2021/08/12/canadian-firm-begins-negotiations-to-buy-lebanese-hawker-hunters-jets/ Canadian firm begins negotiations to buy Lebanese Hawker Hunter jets], Agnes Helou, DefenseNews, 2021-08-12</ref>

;Thunder City
*Three flyable Hunters were based at Thunder City at Cape Town International Airport in {{wipe|South Africa}}.<ref>[http://www.incredible-adventures.com/capetown_thunder_city.html "Cape Town Jets: Thunder City."] ''Incredible Adventures'', 2009. Retrieved: 7 October 2009.</ref> Four (of the seven) Hunters owned by Thunder City were up for auction in April 2013 <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.go-dove.com/en/event-15794/Thunder-City-Aircraft-Company-Historical-Military-Jets |title=Thunder City Aircraft Company - Historical Military Jets - GoIndustry DoveBid |access-date=2013-07-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130202023758/http://www.go-dove.com/en/event-15794/Thunder-City-Aircraft-Company-Historical-Military-Jets |archive-date=2 February 2013 |df=dmy-all }} Liquidity Services Inc, retrieved 27 December 2013.</ref>

;Hangar 51
*Following the death of Thunder City owner Beachy Head in May 2017, at the end of 2021, Jay Smith, an ex oil entrepreneur with a passion for fast jets and head of South African aircraft maintenance company Hangar 51, bought the remains of the Thunder City collection from Mike Beachy Head's estate. At least 2 of the Thunder city Hunters were included, Hunter T.2 ZU-CTN and yellow-painted T.8 ZU-AUJ. Thunder City once owned the world’s largest civil collection of ex-military jets including three English Electric Lightnings, three Blackburn Buccaneers, seven Hawker Hunters, one Aerospatiale Puma (a demonstrator of the company’s upgrade and refurbishment services), a Jet Provost and a Gloster Javelin FAW Mk.1 (RAF No. XA553, mounted as a “Gate Guard” on display at the entrance to the company premises).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theaviationgeekclub.com/hangar-51-company-buys-thunder-city-collection-of-ex-military-jets-and-aims-to-use-it-for-adversary-air-services/ |title=Hangar 51 company buys Thunder City collection of Ex-Military Jets and aims to use it for Adversary Air Services |date=19 February 2022 |access-date=24 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.key.aero/article/thunder-city-jets-future |title=THUNDER CITY JETS - THE FUTURE |date=9 February 2023 |access-date=24 February 2023}}</ref>

==Aircraft on display==
* Hunter F.1 WT612 Gate Guardian at RAF Henlow<ref>{{cite web |title=F.1 WT612 | website=Thunder&Lightinings |url=https://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/hunter/survivor.php?id=18 |access-date=27 November 2023}}</ref>
* Hunter F.4 at Royal Museum of the Armed Forces and Military History, Brussels, Belgium <ref>{{cite web |title=F.4 IF-70 | website=Thunder&Lightinings |url=https://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/hunter/survivor.php?id=155 |access-date=21 December 2020}}</ref>
* Hunter F.1 at Vanguard Self Storage Staples Corner, London<ref>{{cite web |title=Exhibits at Vanguard Self Storage, Staples Corner, London |website=Airworld Aviation Museum |url=https://www.vanguardstorage.co.uk/news/vanguard-self-storage-opens-new-storage-facility-at-staples-corner |access-date=17 April 2023}}</ref>
* Hunter FGA.9 XG154 on static display at RAF Museum, Hendon<ref>{{cite web |title=Hawker Hunter FGA9 |website=Royal Air Force Museum |url=https://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/research/collections/hawker-hunter-fga9/ |access-date=21 September 2020}}</ref>
* <!--Hunter F.6 at Militärhistorisches Museum Flugplatz Berlin-Gatow Germany{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}-->
* Hunter F.1 at Caernarfon Airworld Museum, Wales<ref>{{cite web |title=Exhibits at the Museum |website=Airworld Aviation Museum |url=https://www.airworldmuseum.com/exhibits |access-date=3 June 2021}}</ref>
* Hunter T.8C WV396 at Tacla Taid Transport Museum, Anglesey, Wales <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/hunter/survivor.php?id=297|title=Thunder & Lightnings - Hawker Hunter - Survivor WV396|first=Damien|last=Burke|work=thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk|access-date=26 November 2023}}</ref>
* Hunter GA.11 WV382 on static display at East Midlands Aeropark Leicestershire<ref name="em"/>
* Hunter F.6A XE627 at the Imperial War Museum Duxford, Cambridgeshire <ref>{{cite web |title=F.6A XE627 | website=Thunder&Lightinings |url=https://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/hunter/survivor.php?id=230 |access-date=27 November 2023}}</ref>
* Hunter FR.10 XJ714 on static display at East Midlands Aeropark Leicestershire<ref name="em">{{cite web |title=Aeropark Exhibits |website=East Midlands Aeropark |url=http://eastmidlandsaeropark.org/aeropark-exhibits.html |access-date=3 June 2021}}</ref>
* Hunter FR Mk.10 XG172 / XG168 on static display at City of Norwich Aviation Museum in Horsham St Faith, Norfolk.<ref name="CNAM">{{cite web |title=Aircraft List |url=http://www.cnam.org.uk/aircraft-list |website=City of Norwich Aviation Museum |access-date=27 August 2023}}</ref>
* Hunter T.7 XL565 at Bruntingthorpe Aerodrome, Leicestershire (including sections of WT745 & XL591)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/hunter/survivor.php?id=270|title=Thunder & Lightnings - Hawker Hunter - Survivor XL565 (composite with WT745)|first=Damien|last=Burke|work=thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk|access-date=3 January 2017}}</ref>
* Hunter F.6A XG225 at RAF Museum Cosford<ref>{{cite web |title=Hawker Siddeley Hunter F6A |website=Royal Air Force Museum |url=https://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/research/collections/hawker-siddeley-hunter-f6a/ |access-date=21 September 2020}}</ref>
* Hunter T.7A XL 568 at RAF Museum Cosford<ref>{{cite web |title=Hawker Hunter T7A |website=Royal Air Force Museum |url=https://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/research/collections/hawker-hunter-t7a/ |access-date=21 September 2020}}</ref>
* Hunter T.7 XL569 on static display at East Midlands Aeropark Leicestershire<ref name="em"/>
* Hunter T.8M XL580 at the Fleet Air Arm Museum, Somerset<ref>{{cite web |title=Hawker Hunter T8M |website=Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm Museum |url=https://www.fleetairarm.com/exhibit/Hawker-Hunter-T8M/4-6-48.aspx |access-date=3 June 2021}}</ref>
*Hunter F.6 on display at the {{wipe|National Air Force Museum of Canada}} in Trenton, Ontario<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://airforcemuseum.ca/eng/?page_id=571|title=Hunter – National Air Force Museum of Canada|language=en-CA|access-date=2020-03-08}}</ref>
* Hunter T.7 XL600 on display at the Jet Aircraft Museum, London, Ontario, Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jetaircraftmuseum.ca/projects/hawker-hunter-t7/|title=Hawker Hunter T7 – Jet Aircraft Museum|website=jetaircraftmuseum.ca|access-date=7 May 2017|archive-date=30 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630012123/http://jetaircraftmuseum.ca/projects/hawker-hunter-t7/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Hunter T.7 XL623 mounted in the town centre of Woking, Surrey<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/hunter/survivor.php?id=287|title=Thunder & Lightnings - Hawker Hunter - Survivor XL623|first=Damien|last=Burke|work=thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk|access-date=3 January 2017}}</ref>
* <!--Hunter F.51 E419 at the North East Aircraft Museum, Sunderland{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}-->
* <!--Hunter F.51 E412 at the Brooklands Museum, Weybridge, Surrey{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}-->
* <!--Hunter F.51 E421 at the Brooklands Museum, Weybridge, Surrey{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}-->
* Hunter FGA.78 N-268 at Yorkshire Air Museum, Elvington, North Yorkshire<ref>{{cite web |title=Hawker Hunter FGA.78 |url=http://yorkshireairmuseum.org/exhibits/cold-war-aircraft/hawker-hunter-fga78 |website=Yorkshire Air Museum |access-date=21 September 2020}}</ref>
* Hunter T.7 XL572 painted blue to represent the Blue Diamonds formation teams lead XL571 at Yorkshire Air Museum, Elvington, North Yorkshire<ref>{{cite web |title=Hawker Hunter T.7 |url=http://yorkshireairmuseum.org/exhibits/cold-war-aircraft/hawker-hunter-t7 |website=Yorkshire Air Museum |access-date=21 September 2020}}</ref>
* Hunter T.7 XL618 at Newark Air Museum, Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/hunter/survivor.php?id=285|title=Thunder & Lightnings - Hawker Hunter - Survivor XL618|first=Damien|last=Burke|work=thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk|access-date=3 January 2017}}</ref>
* Hunter F.1 WT651 at Newark Air Museum, Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/hunter/survivor.php?id=20|title=Thunder & Lightnings - Hawker Hunter - Survivor WT651|first=Damien|last=Burke|work=thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk|access-date=3 January 2017}}</ref>
* Hunter F.1 WT680 at the Anglia Motel, on the A17 West of King's Lynn in Fleet Hargate, Lincolnshire<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/hunter/survivor.php?id=22|title=Thunder & Lightnings - Hawker Hunter - Survivor WT680|first=Damien|last=Burke|work=thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk|access-date=3 January 2017}}</ref>
* Hunter F.6 XF527 gate guard at RAF Halton, Halton, Buckinghamshire <ref>{{cite web |title=F.6 XF527 | website=Thunder&Lightinings |url=https://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/hunter/survivor.php?id=206 |access-date=27 November 2023}}</ref>
* <!--Hunter F.6A XF375 at Boscombe Down Aviation Collection, Old Sarum Airfield, Wiltshire{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}-->
* <!--Hunter Mk. 3 WB188 at Tangmere Military Aviation Museum, Chichester, Sussex{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}-->
* Hunter F-6 XF437, later FR-74S at Historical Aircraft Restoration Society, Wollongong, NSW<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hars.org.au/hawker-hunter-fga|title=Hawker Hunter FR-74S - HARS|website=hars.org.au|access-date=7 May 2017}}</ref>
* Hunter F.4 Mk 50 at Flygvapenmuseum, Linköping, Sweden<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flygvapenmuseum.se/samlingar/flygplan/flygvapenmuseum-linkoping/j-34--hawker-hunter-F-4-mk-50/|title=J 34 – Hawker Hunter F.4 Mk 50|website=www.flygvapenmuseum.se|access-date=7 May 2017}}</ref>
*Hunter F.4 N-122 is in storage at the Nationaal Militair Museum, Soesterberg, The Netherlands.<ref>[https://www.nmm.nl/zoeken-in-de-collectie/detail/470792/ "Hunter / N-122"] ''Nationaal Militair Museum'' Retrieved: 14 October 2017.</ref>
*Hunter F6 XE614 on display at Queensland Air Museum, Caloundra<ref>{{cite web|url=http://qam.com.au/portfolio/hawker-hunter-fga-mk-74bs-533-cn-41h679972/|title=HAWKER HUNTER FGA MK 74BS 533 C/N 41H679972 – QAM, Queensland Air Museum|website=qam.com.au|access-date=15 January 2018}}</ref>
*Hunter F4 XF311 on display at Queensland Air Museum, Caloundra<ref>{{cite web|url=http://qam.com.au/portfolio/hawker-hunter-f-mk-4-xf311/|title=HAWKER HUNTER F. MK 4 XF311 – QAM, Queensland Air Museum|website=qam.com.au|access-date=15 January 2018}}</ref>
*Hunter F.4 N-144 is on display at the Nationaal Militair Museum, Soesterberg, The Netherlands.<ref>[https://www.nmm.nl/zoeken-in-de-collectie/detail/471223/ "Hunter / N-144"] ''Nationaal Militair Museum'' Retrieved: 14 October 2017.</ref>
*Hunter F.4 N-112 is now on display at Dirgantara Mandala Museum, [[Place:Yogyakarta|Yogyakarta]], Indonesia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indomiliter.com/hawker-hunter-f4-jadi-koleksi-museum-dirgantara-mandala/|title=Hawker Hunter F4 Jadi Koleksi Museum Dirgantara Mandala – Indomiliter.com|website=www.indomiliter.com|date=2 April 2018 |access-date=3 April 2018}}</ref>
*Hunter F.51 401 is now on display at Danmarks Flymuseum, Stauning, Denmark<ref>{{cite web |title=Flyvevåbenmuseet |website=Danmarks Flymuseum |url=http://flymuseum.dk/flyvevabenmuseet |language=Danish |access-date=3 June 2021}}</ref>
*Hunter F.51 409 repainted as XE683 F Mk.4 on static display at City of Norwich Aviation Museum in Horsham St Faith, Norfolk.<ref name="CNAM"/>
*Hunter F.2 WN904 is on display at Sywell Aviation Museum<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sywellaviationmuseum.org.uk/exhibits/external-displays/hawker-hunter-f-mk-2-wn904/|title=Hawker Hunter F.Mk.2 WN904 – Sywell Aviation Museum}}</ref>
*Hunter F.1 WT619 is on display at Montrose Air Station Heritage Centre<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/news/local/angus-mearns/1010467/rare-hawker-hunter-high-speed-jet-fighter-arrives-at-montrose-air-station/|title=Rare Hawker Hunter high-speed jet fighter arrives at Montrose Air Station|publisher=The Courier|access-date=4 November 2019}}</ref>
*Hunter F.1 WT555 is on display within Vanguard Self Storage Staples Corner, London<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vintageaviationecho.com/hawker-hunter-wt555/|title=Restoring WT555, the first production Hawker Hunter F.1|publisher=The Vintage Aviation Echo|access-date=24 May 2022}}</ref>
*Hunter PR.11 WT723 Gate Guardian at SCC Technology Campus (displayed), Tyseley, Birmingham <ref>{{Cite web |title=Thunder & Lightnings - Hawker Hunter - Survivor WT723 (ex G-PRII) |url=https://www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk/hunter/survivor.php?id=338 |access-date=2023-08-12 |website=www.thunder-and-lightnings.co.uk}}</ref>

==Accidents and incidents==
* 8 February 1956 – Hawker Hunter multiple aircraft accident after a sudden deterioration in the weather during a dogfight exercise in Norfolk, England
* 7 June 1957 – Mid-air collision between two 111 Squadron Hunters during an aerobatic display rehearsal near RAF North Weald, Essex, England. One of the damaged Hunters involved limped as far as Stansted, where it managed to land successfully on the long runway; the other (XF525) crashed onto the Epping-Ongar railway at North Weald (the eastern end of the London Underground Central Line, which closed in 1994). The pilot was killed. The track was badly damaged by wreckage and a steam train was derailed. Three of the 20 passengers were slightly injured and the driver, Arthur Green, who operated out of Stratford Depot, was commended for his actions. Wreckage from the jet could be seen in the area for many years afterwards.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/wiki.php?id=58255|title=ASN Aircraft accident 07-JUN-1957 Hawker Hunter F.Mk 6 XF525|first=Harro|last=Ranter}}</ref> 
* 5 April 1968 – unauthorised flight through Tower Bridge in London.
* 22 August 2015 – A Hunter T7 (G-BXFI{{efn|Although a civil aircraft it was painted as a Royal Air Force aircraft using its former serial number WV372}}) crashed onto the A27 arterial road (dual carriageway) between Lancing and Shoreham-by-Sea, West Sussex, England, while taking part in the 2015 Shoreham Airshow. Eleven people on the ground were killed and several others were injured, including the pilot of the plane. Witnesses told local TV that the jet appeared to have crashed when it failed to pull out of a loop manoeuvre. The UK [[Organization:Air Accidents Investigation Branch|Air Accidents Investigation Branch]] concluded that the crash was caused by the pilot completing the top of the loop at too low an altitude and at too low an airspeed. The AAIB concluded that the pilot may have confused the parameters for the Hunter with the Jet Provost he had recently flown, saying, "a possible error path was that the pilot recalled the wrong numbers, essentially mixing up the two aircraft."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-34034430|title=Shoreham air crash death toll 'rises to 11'|access-date=23 August 2015|date=23 August 2015|publisher=BBC News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.avweb.com/avwebflash/news/Air-Show-Crash-Pilot-Might-Have-Confused-Aircraft-228595-1.html|title =Airshow Crash Pilot Might Have Confused Aircraft |access-date = 6 March 2017|last = Niles|first = Russ|work =AVweb |date = 6 March 2017}}</ref>

==Specifications (Hunter F.6)==
{{External media
|topic=
|width=
|float=right
|image1=[https://www.flickr.com/photos/flightglobal/15028379744/in/photolist-oU1nHA Cutaway diagram of a Hunter F6], from Flight International's flickr page.
}}
[[File:Hawker Hunter 3-view line drawing.svg|thumb|3-view drawing of Hawker Hunter]]
[[File:Hawker Hunter G-10 gun camera port.JPG|thumb|Mounted above the Hunter's nose (ex-RAF XF458) is the G-10 [[Engineering:Gun camera|gun camera]] port. Note also the two Sidewinder missiles under the starboard wing, a total of four could be carried by the Singaporean FGA/FR.74S variant.<ref name="AFM67"/>]]
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=The Complete Book of Fighters,<ref name=Green>{{cite book |last1=Green |first1=William |title=The Complete Book of Fighters |year=1994 |publisher=Salamander |location=London |isbn=1-85833-777-1 |last2=Swanborough |first2=Gordon |pages=291–293}}</ref> The Great Book of Fighters<ref name=Green2>{{cite book |last1=Green |first1=William |title=The Great Book of Fighters |year=2001 |publisher=MBI Publishing |isbn=978-0-7603-1194-3 |first2=Gordon|last2=Swanborough}}</ref>
|prime units?=imp
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|crew=1
|length ft=45
|length in=10.5
|length note=
|span ft=33
|span in=8
|span note=
|height ft=13
|height in=2
|height note=
|wing area sqft=349
|wing area note=
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|airfoil=Hawker 8.5% symmetrical<ref name="Selig">{{cite web |last1=Lednicer |first1=David |title=The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url=https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref>
|empty weight lb=14122
|empty weight note=
|gross weight lb=17750
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight lb=24600
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity=
|more general=
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=Rolls-Royce Avon 207
|eng1 type=[[Engineering:Turbojet|turbojet]] engine
|eng1 lbf=10145
|eng1 note=
<!--
        Performance
-->
|max speed mph=623
|max speed note=at {{cvt|36000|ft}}
:::{{cvt|715|mph|kn km/h}} at sea level
|max speed mach=0.94
|cruise speed mph=
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed mph=
|stall speed note=
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed note=
|range miles=
|range note=
|combat range miles=385
|combat range note=
|ferry range miles=1900
|ferry range note=maximum external fuel
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling ft=50000
|ceiling note=
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|climb rate ftmin=17200
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|wing loading lb/sqft=51.6
|wing loading note=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|thrust/weight=0.56

|more performance=
<!--
        Armament
-->
|guns=4× 30 mm (1.18 in) [[Engineering:ADEN cannon|ADEN]] [[Engineering:Revolver cannon|revolver cannon]] in a removable gun pack with 150 rpg
|hardpoints=4 underwing (7 hardpoints on Singaporean FGA/FR.74S, essentially refurbished FGA.9 derived from F.6<ref name="AFM67"/>)
|hardpoint capacity={{convert|7400|lb|abbr=on}}
|hardpoint rockets=<br/>
***4× Matra rocket pods (each with 18 × SNEB 68 mm (2.68 in) rockets) ''or''
***32× Hispano [[Engineering:SNORA and SURA-D rockets|SURA R80 80 mm (3.15 in) rockets]]<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1962/1962%20-%201803.html "Hispano SURA R80 rockets."] ''Flight International''. 30 August 1962, p. 159.</ref>
|hardpoint missiles=<br/>
*** 4× [[Engineering:AIM-9 Sidewinder|AIM-9 Sidewinder]] [[Engineering:Air-to-air missile|Air-to-air missile]]s, mounted on Singaporean FGA/FR.74S<ref name="AFM67"/> (two on Swiss Mk.58<ref name="WoF20 p81-2"/><ref name="AIjul81 p26"/> Dutch F6's and Swedish Mk.50<ref name = 'griffin 431'/>)
*** 4× AGM-65 Maverick [[Engineering:Air-to-surface missile|Air-to-surface missile]]s, mounted on Singaporean FGA/FR.74S<ref name="AFM67"/> (two on Swiss Mk.58<ref name="WAPJ20 p141"/>)
|hardpoint bombs=a variety of unguided iron bombs
|hardpoint other=2× {{Convert|230|gal|lk=on}} [[Engineering:Drop tank|drop tank]]s for extended range/loitering time
|avionics=
*Ekco ARI 5820 ranging [[Engineering:Radar|radar]]
}}

==Notable appearances in media==
<!-- ===============({{NoMoreCruft}})===============-->
<!-- Please READ Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content#Popular culture and Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/Style guide#Popular culture before adding any "Popular culture" items.

Please do not add the many minor appearances of the aircraft. This section is only for major cultural appearances where the aircraft plays a MAJOR part in the story line, or has an "especially notable" role in what is listed. A verifiable source proving the appearance's notability may be required. Random cruft, including ALL Ace Combat, Battlefield, and Metal Gear Solid appearances, and ALL anime/fiction lookalike speculation, WILL BE removed.

If your item has been removed, please discuss it on the talk page FIRST. A verifiable source proving the appearance's notability may be required. If a consensus is reached to include your item, a regular editor of this page will add it back. Thank you for your cooperation.-->

==See also==
{{aircontent
|related=
|similar aircraft=
*[[Engineering:Dassault Mystère IV|Dassault Mystère IV]]
*[[Engineering:Fiat G.91|Fiat G.91]]
*Mikoyan MiG-17
*[[Engineering:North American F-86 Sabre|North American F-86 Sabre]]
*[[Engineering:Saab 32 Lansen|Saab 32 Lansen]]
}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==

===Notes===
{{reflist|group=Note}}

===Citations===
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
* Anselmino, Federico. "Fliegertruppen". ''A&D Magazine'', Rome, June 1990, pp.&nbsp;21–23.
* Arce, Luz. ''The Inferno: A Story of Terror and Survival in Chile''. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 2004. {{ISBN|0-299-19554-6}}.
* Bahl, Taru and M.H. Syed. ''Encyclopaedia of the Muslim World''. New Delhi, India: Anmol Publications Ltd., 2003. {{ISBN|81-261-1419-3}}.
* Beckett, Ian Frederick William and John Pimlott. [https://books.google.com/books?id=A4M9AAAAIAAJ ''Armed Forces & Modern Counter-Insurgency'']. London: Taylor & Francis, 1985. {{ISBN|0-7099-3236-7}}.
* Bradley, Paul. ''The Hawker Hunter: A Comprehensive Guide''. Bedford, UK: SAM Publications, 2009. {{ISBN|0-9551858-9-0}}.
* Braybrook, Roy. "Hunter... Thirty Years Young". ''Air International'', Vol. 21, No, 1, July 1981, pp.&nbsp;20–29. Bromley, UK: Fine Scroll. {{ISSN|0306-5634}}.
* Chesneau, Roger. ''Hawker Hunter F Mk 6/T Mk7 - Aeroguide 9.'' Linewrites Ltd, 1985. {{ISBN|0-918805-08-2}}.
* Coggins, Edward V. [https://books.google.com/books?id=MG5wioBJyK0C ''Wings That Stay On'']. Nashville, Kentucky: Turner Publishing Company, 2000. {{ISBN|1-56311-568-9}}.
* Condon, Peter D. ''Flying the Classic Learjet''. Peter D. Condon, 2007. {{ISBN|0-646-48135-5}}.
* Curtis, Michael. ''The Middle East Reader''. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers, 1986. {{ISBN|0-88738-101-4}}.
* Deacon, Ray. ''Hawker Hunter: 50 Golden Years''. Feltham, UK: Vogelsang Publications, 2001. {{ISBN|0-9540666-0-X}}.
* Donnet, Christophe. "A Farewell to Arms". ''World Air Power Journal''. Volume 20, Spring 1995, pp.&nbsp;138–145. London: Aerospace Publishing. {{ISSN|0959-7050}}. {{ISBN|1-874023-49-2}}.
* Fowler, Will and Kevin Lyles. ''Britain's Secret War: The Indonesian Confrontation, 1962–66''. London: Osprey Publishing, 2006. {{ISBN|1-84603-048-X}}.
* Geiger, Till. [https://books.google.com/books?id=M75xrc2FbcEC ''Britain and the Economic Problem of the Cold War: The Political Economy and the Economic Impact of the British Defence Effort, 1945–1955'']. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2004. {{ISBN|0-7546-0287-7}}.
* Gupta, Anut. ''Building an Arsenal: The Evolution of Regional Power Force Structures''. Greenwood Publishing, 1997. {{ISBN|0-275-95787-X}}.
* Green, William and John Fricker. ''The Air Forces of the World: Their History, Development, and Present Strength''. London: Macdonald, 1958.
* Griffin, David J. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Ih5Vcy2PZXQC ''Hawker Hunter 1951 to 2007'']. Morrisville, North Carolina: Lulu Enterprises, 2006. {{ISBN|1-4303-0593-2}}.
* Hall, Alan W. ''Hawker Hunter'' (Warpaint Series No 8). Bedfordshire, UK: Hall Park Books, 1997. {{ISSN|1363-0369}}.
* Hannah, Donald. ''Hawker FlyPast Reference Library''. Stamford, Lincolnshire, UK: Key Publishing Ltd., 1982. {{ISBN|0-946219-01-X}}.
* "Hawker Hunter." ''Vliegend in Nederland 4'' (in Dutch). Eindhoven, Netherlands: Flash Aviation, 1990. {{ISBN|978-90-71553-09-7}}.
* Hirst, David. ''Beware of Small States: Lebanon, Battleground of the Middle East''. New York: Nation Books, 2010. {{ISBN|1-56858-422-9}}.
* Jackson, Paul A. ''Belgian Military Aviation 1945–1977''. Hinckley, Leicestershire, UK: Midland Counties Publications, 1977. {{ISBN|0-904597-06-7}}.
* Jackson, Robert. ''Hawker Hunter: The Operational Record, Volume 31''. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1990. {{ISBN|0-87474-377-X}}.
* Jackson, Robert. ''Modern Combat Aircraft 15, Hawker Hunter''. Shepperton, Surrey, UK: Ian Allan, 1982. {{ISBN|0-7110-1216-4}}.
* James, Derek N. ''Hawker: Aircraft Album No. 5''. New York: Arco Publishing Company, 1973 (First published in the UK by Ian Allan in 1972). {{ISBN|0-668-02699-5}}.
* Jeshurun, Chandran. ''The Growth of the Malaysian Armed Forces, 1963–1973''. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1975.
* Kavic, Lorne J. ''India's Quest for Security: Defence Policies, 1947–1965''. Berkeley, California: University of California Press, 1967.
* Lake, Jon. "Hawker Hunter". ''Wings of Fame''. Volume 20, 2000. pp.&nbsp;28–97. London: Aerospace Publishing. {{ISSN|1361-2034}}. {{ISBN|1-86184-053-5}}.
* Lake, Jon. "Last Bastion of the Hunter". ''Air International'', Vol. 80, No 3, March 2011, pp.&nbsp;74–79. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing. {{ISSN|0306-5634}}.
* Laming, Tim. [https://books.google.com/books?id=l11bTcW0OxMC ''Fight's On: Airborne with the Aggressors'']. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Zenith Imprint, 1996. {{ISBN|0-7603-0260-X}}.
* Law, John. [https://books.google.com/books?id=8Chz2rM0HVIC&pg=PA167 ''Aircraft Stories: Decentering the Object in Technoscience'']. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 2002. {{ISBN|0-8223-2824-0}}.
* Lefebvre, Jeffery A. ''Arms for the Horn: U.S. Security Policy in Ethiopia and Somalia, 1953–1991''. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh, 1992. {{ISBN|0-8229-8533-0}}.
* Lombardi, Fiona. ''The Swiss Air Power: Wherefrom? Whereto?'' Hochschulverlag AG, 2007. {{ISBN|3-7281-3099-0}}.
* Martin, Stephen. ''The Economics of Offsets: Defence Procurement and Countertrade''. London: Routledge, 1996. {{ISBN|3-7186-5782-1}}.
* Mason, Francis K. ''The British Fighter since 1912''. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1992. {{ISBN|1-55750-082-7}}.
* Mason, Francis K. ''Hawker Aircraft since 1920.'' London: Putnam, 1991. {{ISBN|0-85177-839-9}}.
* Mason, Francis K. ''Hawker Hunter: Biography of a Thoroughbred''. Wellingborough, Northampton, UK: Patrick Stephens Limited, 1985. {{ISBN|0-85059-784-6}}.
* McLelland, Tim. ''The Hawker Hunter''. Manchester, UK: Crécy Publishing Ltd., 2008. {{ISBN|978-0-85979-123-6}}.
* Mohan, P. V. S. Jagan and Samir Chopra. ''The India-Pakistan Air War of 1965''. New Delhi, India: Manohar, 2005. {{ISBN|81-7304-641-7}}.
* Nordeen, Lon O. ''Air Warfare in the Missile Age''. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1985. {{ISBN|978-0-87474-680-8}}.
* Petter-Bowyer, Peter J. H. [https://books.google.com/books?id=akwPLOZMZYIC&pg=PA52 ''Winds of Destruction: The Autobiography of a Rhodesian Combat Pilot'']. Johannesburg, South Africa: 30° South Publishers, 2005. {{ISBN|0-9584890-3-3}}.
* Phythian, Mark. ''The Politics of British Arms Sales Since 1964: To Secure Our Rightful Share''. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 2000, {{ISBN|978-0-7190-5907-0}}.
* Pike, Richard. ''The Hunter Boys''. UK: Grub Street Publishing, 2014. {{ISBN|978-1909808034}}
* Pollack, Kenneth Michael. ''Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness, 1948–1991''. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, 2002. {{ISBN|0-8032-3733-2}}.
* Phythian, Mark. [https://books.google.com/books?id=B4hwrv2zhtMC ''The Politics of British Arms Sales Since 1964'']. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 2000. {{ISBN|0-7190-5907-0}}.
* Rolland, John C. ''Lebanon: Current Issues and Background''. New York: Nova Publishers, 2003. {{ISBN|1-59033-871-5}}.
* Scholey, Pete and Frederick Forsyth. ''Who Dares Wins: Special Forces Heroes of the SAS''. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 2008. {{ISBN|1-84603-311-X}}.
* Senior, Tim. ''The Air Forces Book of the F/A-18 Hornet''. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Zenith Imprint, 2003. {{ISBN|0-946219-69-9}}.
* Smith, Chris Nicholas. ''India's Ad Hoc Arsenal: Direction Or Drift in Defence Policy?''. Oxford University Press, 1994. {{ISBN|0-19-829168-X}}.
* Sieff, Martin. ''Shifting Superpowers: The New and Emerging Relationship Between the United States, China, and India''. Washington, D.C.: [[Organization:Cato Institute|Cato Institute]], 2009. {{ISBN|1-935308-21-1}}.
* Skardon, C Philip. ''A Lesson for Our Times: How America Kept the Peace in the Hungary-Suez Crisis of 1956''. Bloomington, Indiana: AuthorHouse, 2010. {{ISBN|1-4208-9102-2}}.
* Thomas, Andrew. ''Assegai Hunters''. ''Air Enthusiast'' 111, May/June 2004, pp.&nbsp;74–79. {{ISSN|0143-5450}}
* [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1955/1955%20-%200237.html "The Hunters Are Here"]. ''Flight International'', February 1955. pp.&nbsp;237–243.
* Van Creveld, Martin. ''The Age of Airpower''. PublicAffairs, 2012. {{ISBN|1-61039-108-X}}.
* Winchester, Jim, ed. "Hawker Hunter". ''Military Aircraft of the Cold War'' (The Aviation Factfile). London: Grange Books plc, 2006. {{ISBN|1-84013-929-3}}.
* Wood, Derek. ''Project Cancelled''. Macdonald and Jane's Publishers, 1975. {{ISBN|0-356-08109-5}}.

==External links==
{{Commons|Hawker Hunter}}
* [http://www.fradu-hunters.co.uk/ The FRADU Hunters web-site]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100408111657/http://www.spyflight.co.uk/fr10.htm Article on Gütersloh Hunters]
* [http://www.warbirdalley.com/hunter.htm Warbird Alley's Hunter information page]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081231200450/http://www.wingweb.co.uk/aircraft/Hawker_Hunter_development.html Hawker Hunter development]
* [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1958/1958%20-%200617.html "Hunter F.6"] a 1958 ''Flight'' article



[[Category:Single-engined jet aircraft]]
[[Category:Cruciform tail aircraft]]
[[Category:Mid-wing aircraft]]

{{Sourceattribution|Hawker Hunter}}