View source for Engineering:List of landings on extraterrestrial bodies

{{Short description|None}}
This is a list of all spacecraft landings on other planets and bodies in the [[Astronomy:Solar System|Solar System]], including [[Engineering:Soft landing (rocketry)|soft landings]] and both intended and unintended hard impacts. The list includes orbiters that were intentionally crashed, but not orbiters which later crashed in an unplanned manner due to [[Astronomy:Orbital decay|orbital decay]].

'''Colour key:'''
:{|
|-
|{{Color box|#F8F9FA;|border=darkgray}} &ndash; Unsuccessful soft landing, intentional hard landing, or mission still in progress.
|-
|{{Color box|#EFE7B8;|border=darkgray}} &ndash; Successful soft landing with intelligible data return. The tannish hue indicates extraterrestrial soil.
|-
|{{Color box|#DFE771;|border=darkgray}} &ndash; Successful soft landing, intelligible data return, and sample return to Earth. The greenish hue indicates terrestrial return.
|-
|{{Color box|#C0E0E0;|border=darkgray}} &ndash; Successful soft landing, data/voice/video communication, sample return to Earth, and safe astronaut landing and return to Earth.
|}

==Planets==
===[[Astronomy:Mercury (planet)|Mercury]]===
{{Anchor|Mercury}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Mission
!Country/Agency
!Date of landing/impact
!Coordinates
!Notes
|-
|''[[Astronomy:MESSENGER|MESSENGER]]'' || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 30 April 2015 || Probably around 54.4° N, 149.9° W, near the crater Janáček ||Intentionally crashed at end of mission.
|}

===[[Astronomy:Venus|Venus]]===
{{Anchor|Venus}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- class="is-sticky"
!Mission
!Country/Agency
!Date of landing/impact
!Coordinates
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Venera 3|Venera 3]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 1 March 1966 || Probably around -20° to 20° N, 60° to 80° E || First impact on the surface of another planet. Contact lost before atmospheric entry.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Venera 4|Venera 4]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 23 October 1967 || Estimated near {{Venus coords and quad cat|19|N|38|E}}.<ref name=v1>{{cite book |pages=98–101 |title=Russian planetary exploration |author=Brian Harvey |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jKmIclMIwPAC&pg=PA101 |publisher=Springer |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-387-46343-8}}</ref> 
 || Crushed by atmospheric pressure before impact.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Venera 5|Venera 5]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 16 May 1969 || {{Venus coords and quad cat|3|S|18|E}} || Atmospheric probe; crushed by atmospheric pressure before impact.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Venera 6|Venera 6]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 17 May 1969 || {{Venus coords and quad cat|5|S|23|E}} || Atmospheric probe; crushed by atmospheric pressure before impact.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Venera 7|Venera 7]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 15 December 1970 || {{Venus coords and quad cat|5|S|351|E}} || First successful soft landing on another planet; transmitted from surface for 23 minutes.<br>The spacecraft definitively confirmed that humans cannot survive on the surface of Venus, and excluded the possibility of any liquid water on Venus.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Venera 8|Venera 8]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 22 July 1972 || Within 150&nbsp;km radius of {{Venus coords and quad cat|10.70|S|335.25|E}} || Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 50 minutes.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Venera 9|Venera 9 lander]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 22 October 1975 || Within a 150&nbsp;km radius of {{Venus coords and quad cat|31.01|N|291.64|E}} || Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 53 minutes. First pictures from surface.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Venera 10|Venera 10 lander]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 25 October 1975 || Within a 150&nbsp;km radius of {{Venus coords and quad cat|15.42|N|291.51|E}} || Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 65 minutes.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
| rowspan="4" |[[Astronomy:Pioneer Venus Multiprobe|Pioneer Venus Multiprobe]]
| rowspan="4" |{{flagicon|USA}} USA
| rowspan="4" |9 December 1978
| Day Probe {{Venus coords and quad cat|31.3|S|317.0|E}} || Survived impact and continued to transmit from the surface for 67 minutes.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Pioneer Venus Probes |url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/pvprobes.html}}</ref>
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|Night Probe [https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pioneer_Venus_Multiprobe&params=28.7_S_56.7_E_globe:Venus 28.7°S 56.7°E]
|Survived impact and continued to transmit from the surface for 2 seconds.<ref name=":0" />
|-
|North Probe [https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pioneer_Venus_Multiprobe&params=59.3_N_4.8_E_globe:Venus 59.3°N 4.8°E]
|Signal lost upon impact.
|-
|Large probe [https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pioneer_Venus_Multiprobe&params=4.4_N_304.0_E_globe:Venus 4.4°N 304.0°E]
|Signal lost upon impact.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Venera 12|Venera 12 lander]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 21 December 1978 || {{Venus coords and quad cat|7|S|294|E}} || Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 110 minutes.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Venera 11|Venera 11 lander]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 25 December 1978 || {{Venus coords and quad cat|14|S|299|E}} || Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 95 minutes.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Venera 13|Venera 13 lander]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 1 March 1982 || {{Venus coords and quad cat|7.5|S|303|E}} || Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 127 minutes. First photographs in color of its surface, and it records atmospheric wind noises, the first sounds heard from another planet.<ref>{{cite web |title=NSSDC Master Catalog - Venera 13 Descent Craft |url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1981-106D |publisher=NASA National Space Science Data Center |access-date=13 April 2013}}</ref>
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Venera 14|Venera 14 lander]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 5 March 1982 || {{Venus coords and quad cat|13.25|S|310|E}} || Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 57 minutes.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Engineering:Vega 1|Vega 1 lander]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 11 June 1985 || {{Venus coords and quad cat|7.2|N|177.8|E}} || Soft landing; some instruments failed to return data.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Vega 2|Vega 2 lander]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 15 June 1985 || {{Venus coords and quad cat|7.14|S|177.67|E}} || Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 57 minutes.
|}

===[[Astronomy:Mars|Mars]]===
{{Anchor|Mars}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- valign="top" class="is-sticky"
!Mission
!Country/Agency
!Date of landing/impact
!Coordinates
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Mars 2|Mars 2 lander]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 27 November 1971 || {{Coord|45|S|30|W|globe:Mars_type:landmark}} || First man-made object on Mars. No contact after crash landing.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Mars 3|Mars 3 lander]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 2 December 1971 || {{Coord|45|S|158|W|globe:Mars_type:landmark}} || First soft landing on Mars. Transmission began about 90 seconds after landing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mars 2, 3 (Mars M71 #1, #2, #3) |url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/mars-71.htm}}</ref> Transmitted a partial image for 14.5 seconds before the signal was lost. <ref name="Mars3">{{cite web |url=http://www.svengrahn.pp.se/histind/Mars3/Mars3.html |title=Mars 3 |access-date=2010-05-28}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Mars 6|Mars 6 lander]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 12 March 1974 || {{Coord|23.90|S|19.42|W|globe:Mars_type:landmark}} || Contact lost at landing. 
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Viking 1|Viking 1 lander]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 20 July 1976 || {{Coord|22.697|N|48.222|W|globe:Mars_type:landmark}} || Successful soft landing. First to send images in color, as well as to perform ''in situ'' biological experiments with the Martian soil.<ref name="NASA-20061218">{{cite web |last=Williams |first=David R. Dr. |title=Viking Mission to Mars |url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/viking.html |date=December 18, 2006 |work=[[Organization:NASA|NASA]] |access-date=February 2, 2014}}</ref>
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Viking 2|Viking 2 lander]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 3 September 1976 || {{coord|48.269|N|134.010|E|globe:mars_type:landmark}} || Successful soft landing.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Mars Pathfinder|Mars Pathfinder]] and ''[[Engineering:Sojourner (rover)|Sojourner]]'' rover || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 4 July 1997 || {{Coord|19.13|N|33.22|W|globe:Mars_type:landmark}} || First airbag landing on Mars and first Mars rover.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Mars Polar Lander|Mars Polar Lander]] and two penetrators [[Astronomy:Deep Space 2|Deep Space 2]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 3 December 1999 ||
{{Coord|73|N|210|W|globe:Mars_type:landmark}} 
|| Contact lost prior to landing.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Beagle 2|Beagle 2]] || {{flagicon|UK}} {{wipe|United Kingdom}}/<br /> [[File:ESA logo simple.svg|20px]] [[Organization:European Space Agency|ESA]] || 25 December 2003 || {{coord|11.5265|N|90.4295|E|globe:mars_type:landmark}} || Successful soft landing. No contact due to solar "petals" not deploying fully, blocking antenna.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-30784886 "Lost Beagle2 probe found 'intact' on Mars"], ''BBC News'', 16 January 2015</ref>
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|MER-A ''Spirit'' || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 3 January 2004 || {{Coord|14.5718|S|175.4785|E|globe:mars_type:landmark}} || Mars rover. Contact lost 22 March 2010.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|MER-B ''Opportunity'' || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 25 January 2004 || {{Coord|1.9462|S|5.5266|W|globe:mars_type:landmark}} || Mars rover. Contact lost 10 June 2018.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|''[[Engineering:Phoenix (spacecraft)|Phoenix]]'' || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 25 May 2008|| {{Coord|68.2188|N|125.7492|W|globe:Mars_type:landmark}} || Successful soft landing in the north polar region.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|Mars Science Laboratory (''Curiosity'') || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 6 August 2012 || {{coord|-4.5895|137.4417|globe:mars_type:landmark}} || Mars rover. Landed in Gale Crater.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:ExoMars|ExoMars]] [[Engineering:Schiaparelli EDM lander|''Schiaparelli'' EDM lander]] || [[File:ESA logo simple.svg|20px]] [[Organization:European Space Agency|ESA]] <br /> {{flagicon|Russia}} RFSA || 19 October 2016 || {{Coord|2.07|S|353.79|E|globe:Mars_type:landmark}} || Contact lost after entry and parachute deployment, but before planned landing. Hard impact on the surface.<ref>{{cite web |title=Schiaparelli crash site in colour |url=http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/ExoMars/Schiaparelli_crash_site_in_colour |publisher=European Space Agency |access-date=15 January 2017 |date=3 November 2016}}</ref>
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:InSight|InSight]]
|{{flagicon|USA}} USA
|26 November 2018
|{{Coord|4.5|N|135.9|E|globe:mars_type:landmark|name=''InSight'' landing site}} || Successful soft landing.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8
|[[Astronomy:Mars 2020|Mars 2020]] ''[[Engineering:Perseverance (rover)|Perseverance]]'' rover and ''[[Engineering:Ingenuity (helicopter)|Ingenuity]]'' helicopter
|{{flagicon|USA}} {{wipe|United States}}
|18 February 2021
|{{coord|18.4447|N|77.4508|E|globe:Mars}}
|Mars rover and helicopter. Successful soft landing in Jezero Crater. Helicopter deployed from rover on 3 April 2021.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8
|[[Astronomy:Tianwen-1|Tianwen-1]] lander and [[Engineering:Zhurong (rover)|''Zhurong'' rover]]
|{{flagicon|China}} {{wipe|China}}
|14 May 2021
|{{coord|25.1|N|109.9|E|globe:Mars}}
|Successful soft landing in [[Astronomy:Utopia Planitia|Utopia Planitia]]. [[Engineering:Zhurong (rover)|''Zhurong'' rover]] deployed on 22 May 2021. 
|}

===[[Astronomy:Jupiter|Jupiter]]===
{{Anchor|Jupiter}}
[[Astronomy:Jupiter|Jupiter]] is a [[Astronomy:Gas giant|gas giant]] with a very large atmospheric pressure and internal temperature and thus there is no known hard surface on which to "land". All missions listed here are impacts on Jupiter.
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
|- valign="top"
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Mission
! style="text-align:left" width="10%" | Country/Agency
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Date of landing/impact
! style="text-align:left" width="30%" | Notes
|- valign="top"
| ''Galileo'' atmospheric probe || {{nowrap|{{flagicon|USA}} USA}} || {{nowrap|7 December 1995}} || Atmospheric probe of Jupiter.
|- valign="top"
| ''Galileo'' || {{nowrap|{{flagicon|USA}} USA}} || {{nowrap|21 September 2003}} || Main craft was intentionally directed at Jupiter and disintegrated in Jovian atmosphere.
|}

===[[Astronomy:Saturn|Saturn]]===
{{Anchor|Saturn}}
[[Astronomy:Saturn|Saturn]] is a [[Astronomy:Gas giant|gas giant]] with a very large atmospheric pressure and internal temperature and thus there is no known hard surface on which to "land". All missions listed here are impacts on Saturn.
{|class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
|- valign="top"
! style="text-align:left" | Mission
! style="text-align:left" | Country/ Agency
! style="text-align:left" |Date of landing/impact
! style="text-align:left" |Notes
|- valign="top"
| ''Cassini'' orbiter || {{nowrap|{{flagicon|USA}} USA}} || {{nowrap|15 September 2017}} || Main craft was intentionally directed at Saturn and disintegrated in Saturn's atmosphere
|}

==Planetary moons==

===Earth's [[Astronomy:Moon|Moon]]===
{{Anchor|Moon landings}}
{{More|Moon landings|List of artificial objects on the Moon}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
|- valign="top" class="is-sticky"
! style="text-align:left" width="20%" | Mission
! style="text-align:left" width="10%" | Country/Agency
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Date of landing/impact
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Coordinates
! style="text-align:left" width="40%" | Notes
|- valign="top"
|[[Engineering:Luna 2|Luna 2]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 13 September 1959 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|29.1|N|0|W}} || Intentional hard impact.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Ranger 4|Ranger 4]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 26 April 1962 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|15.5|S|130.7|W}} || Unintentional hard impact; hit lunar far side due to failure of navigation system.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Ranger 6|Ranger 6]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 2 February 1964 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|9.4|N|21.5|E}} || Intentional hard impact.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Ranger 7|Ranger 7]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 31 July 1964 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|10.35|S|20.58|W}} || Intentional hard impact.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Ranger 8|Ranger 8]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 20 February 1965 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|2.72|N|24.61|E}} || Intentional hard impact.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Ranger 9|Ranger 9]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 24 March 1965 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|12.83|S|2.37|W}} || Intentional hard impact.
|- valign="top"
|[[Engineering:Luna 5|Luna 5]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 12 May 1965 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|31|S|8|W}} || Unsuccessful attempt at soft landing; crashed into Moon.
|- valign="top"
|[[Engineering:Luna 7|Luna 7]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 7 October 1965 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|9.8|N|47.8|W}} || Unsuccessful attempt at soft landing; crashed into Moon.
|- valign="top"
|[[Engineering:Luna 8|Luna 8]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 6 December 1965 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|9.6|N|62|W}} || Unsuccessful attempt at soft landing; crashed into Moon.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Luna 9|Luna 9]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 3 February 1966 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|7.13|N|64.37|W}} || First successful soft landing; first pictures from the surface.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Surveyor 1|Surveyor 1]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 2 June 1966 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|2.47|S|43.33|W}} || Soft landing.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Surveyor 2|Surveyor 2]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 23 September 1966 || || Unsuccessful attempt at soft landing; crashed into Moon.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Lunar Orbiter 1|Lunar Orbiter 1]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 29 October 1966 || || Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Engineering:Luna 13|Luna 13]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 24 December 1966 || {{Coord|18|52|N|62|3|W|globe:moon}} || Soft landing.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Surveyor 3|Surveyor 3]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 20 April 1967 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|3.028175|S|23.458208|W}} || Soft landing. First lander visited by a later crewed mission ([[Engineering:Apollo 12|Apollo 12]]) that even brought its components.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Surveyor 4|Surveyor 4]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 17 July 1967 || || Contact lost on descent.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Surveyor 5|Surveyor 5]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 11 September 1967 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|1.46|N|23.20|E}} || Soft landing.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Surveyor 6|Surveyor 6]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 10 November 1967 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|0.49|N|1.40|W}} || Soft landing.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Surveyor 7|Surveyor 7]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 10 January 1968 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|40.86|S|11.47|W}} || Soft landing.
|- valign="top" style="background:#C0E0E0"
|[[Engineering:Apollo 11|Apollo 11]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 20 July 1969 || {{coord|0|40|26.69|N|23|28|22.69|E|globe:moon_type:landmark}} || First crewed landing on an extraterrestrial body.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Luna 15|Luna 15]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 21 July 1969 || || Possible attempted sample return; crashed into Moon.
Not a crewed mission.
|- valign="top" style="background:#C0E0E0"
|[[Engineering:Apollo 12|Apollo 12]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 18 November 1969 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|3.012389|S|23.421569|W}} || Crewed mission.
|- valign="top"
|[[Engineering:Apollo 13|Apollo 13]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 14 April 1970 || || [[Astronomy:S-IVB|S-IVB]] stage crashed for seismic research (rocket stages from some other Apollo missions that successfully landed were also crashed in this manner<ref>[https://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2006/28apr_skyisfalling.htm "The Sky is Falling"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100402065509/http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2006/28apr_skyisfalling.htm |date=2010-04-02 }}, NASA, April 28, 2006</ref>) 
|- valign="top" style="background:#DFE771"
|[[Astronomy:Luna 16|Luna 16]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 20 September 1970 || {{Coord|0|41|S|56|18|E|globe:moon}} || First successful robotic sample return. 
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Engineering:Luna 17|Luna 17]]/[[Astronomy:Lunokhod 1|Lunokhod 1]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 17 November 1970 || {{Coord|38|17|N|35|0|W|globe:moon}} || Robotic lunar [[Astronomy:Rover (space exploration)|rover]].
|- valign="top" style="background:#C0E0E0"
|[[Engineering:Apollo 14|Apollo 14]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 5 February 1971 || {{Coord|3|38|43.08|S|17|28|16.90|W|globe:moon}}|| Crewed mission.
|- valign="top" style="background:#C0E0E0"
|[[Engineering:Apollo 15|Apollo 15]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 30 July 1971 ||{{coord|26|7|55.99|N|3|38|1.90|E|type:landmark_globe:moon|name=Apollo 15 landing}} || Crewed mission; lunar rover. 
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Luna 18|Luna 18]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 11 September 1971 || || Failed attempt at sample return; probable crash-landing. 
|- valign="top" style="background:#DFE771"
|[[Astronomy:Luna 20|Luna 20]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 21 February 1972 || {{Coord|3|32|N|56|33|E|globe:moon}} || Robotic sample return.
|- valign="top" style="background:#C0E0E0"
|[[Engineering:Apollo 16|Apollo 16]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 21 April 1972 ||{{coord|8|58|22.84|S|15|30|0.68|E|type:landmark_globe:moon}} || Crewed mission; lunar rover. 
|- valign="top" style="background:#C0E0E0"
|[[Engineering:Apollo 17|Apollo 17]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 7 December 1972 ||{{Coord|20|11|26.88|N|30|46|18.05|E|globe:moon|name=Apollo 17 landing}} || Crewed mission; lunar rover. Last crewed landing on extraterrestrial bodies to date.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Engineering:Luna 21|Luna 21]]/[[Astronomy:Lunokhod 2|Lunokhod 2]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 8 January 1973 || {{Coord|25|51|N|30|27|E|globe:moon}} || Robotic lunar [[Astronomy:Rover (space exploration)|rover]].
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:Luna 23|Luna 23]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 6 November 1974 || || Failed attempt at sample return; damaged on landing. Operated for 3 days on the surface.
|- valign="top" style="background:#DFE771"
|[[Astronomy:Luna 24|Luna 24]] || {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR || 18 August 1976 || {{Coord|12|45|N|62|12|E|globe:moon}} || Robotic sample return. 
|- valign="top"
|[[Engineering:Hiten (spacecraft)|Hiten]] || {{flagicon|JPN}} Japan || 10 April 1993 || || Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Lunar Prospector|Lunar Prospector]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 31 July 1999 || {{Lunar coords and quad cat|87.7|S|42.1|E}} || Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed into polar crater at end of mission to test for liberation of water vapour (not detected).
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:SMART-1|SMART-1]] || [[File:ESA logo simple.svg|20px]] [[Organization:European Space Agency|ESA]] || 3 September 2006 || || Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission. 
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Chandrayaan-1|Chandrayaan-1]] [[Astronomy:Moon Impact Probe|Moon Impact Probe]] || {{flag|India}} || 14 November 2008 || || Impactor. Water found.
|- valign="top"
| [[Astronomy:SELENE#Okina (small relay satellite)|SELENE Rstar (Okina)]]|| {{flag|Japan}}|| 12 February 2009
|| || Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission.
|- valign="top"
| [[Astronomy:Chang'e 1|Chang'e 1]]|| {{flag|China}}|| 1 March 2009 || || Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission.
|- valign="top"
| [[Astronomy:SELENE|Kaguya]]|| {{flag|Japan}}|| 10 June 2009 || || Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission.
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:LCROSS|LCROSS]] (Centaur)
| rowspan="2" | {{flag|USA}}
| rowspan="2" | 9 October 2009
| rowspan="2" | {{coord|84.675|S|48.725|W|type:landmark_globe:moon}} <br /> {{coord|84.729|S|49.360|W|type:landmark_globe:moon}} 
| rowspan="2" | Impactors. Water confirmed.
|- valign="top"
| LCROSS (Shepherding Spacecraft)
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
| [[Astronomy:Chang'e 3|Chang'e 3]]|| {{flag|China}}|| 14 December 2013 || {{Coord|44.12|N|19.51|W|globe:moon}} || First soft landing on the Moon since 1976, lunar rover.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
| [[Astronomy:Chang'e 4|Chang'e 4]]|| {{flag|China}}|| 3 January 2019 || {{Coord|45.5|S|177.6|E|globe:moon}} || First soft landing on the far side of the Moon, lunar rover.
|- valign="top"
| [[Astronomy:Beresheet|Beresheet]]|| {{flag|Israel}}|| 11 April 2019 || || Israeli lunar lander crash landed on the Moon.
|- valign="top"
| [[Astronomy:Chandrayaan-2|Chandrayaan-2]]|| {{flag|India}}|| 8 September 2019 || || First attempt to land near the Moon's south pole; lost contact at 2.1 km and crashed.
|- valign="top" style="background:#DFE771"
| rowspan="2" |[[Astronomy:Chang'e 5|Chang'e 5]]
| rowspan="2" |{{flag|China}}
|1 December 2020
|{{coords|43.0576|N|51.9161|W|globe:moon}}<ref name="Ch 5">{{cite web |last=Williams |first=David R. |date=7 December 2018 |title=Future Chinese Lunar Missions |url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/lunar/cnsa_moon_future.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104200441/https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/lunar/cnsa_moon_future.html |archive-date=2019-01-04 |publisher=NASA}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref name="jones">{{cite web |first=Andrew |last=Jones |date=7 June 2017 |title=China confirms landing site for Chang'e-5 Moon sample return |url=https://gbtimes.com/china-confirms-landing-site-change-5-moon-sample-return |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328154816/https://gbtimes.com/china-confirms-landing-site-change-5-moon-sample-return |archive-date=28 March 2019 |access-date=17 December 2017 |publisher=GB Times}}</ref>
|First lunar sample return mission by China. Sample successfully returned to Earth on 16 December 2020.
|- valign="top"
|7 December 2020
|{{coords|30|S|0|E|globe:moon}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Chang'e-5 spacecraft smashes into moon after completing mission |date=8 December 2020 |url=https://spacenews.com/change-5-spacecraft-smashes-into-moon-after-completing-mission/ |publisher=SpaceNews |access-date=2020-12-11}}</ref>
|Intentional impact of ascent stage after delivering sample to orbiter.

|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Hakuto-R Mission 1|Hakuto-R Mission 1]]
| {{flagicon|JPN}} Japan
| 25 April 2023
|{{coords|47.581|N|44.094|E|globe:moon}}
|Unsuccessful attempt; contact was lost before landing alongside the lander being crash-landed.
|- valign="top"
| [[Astronomy:Luna 25|Luna 25]]|| {{flag|Russia}}|| 19 August 2023 || || Unsuccessful attempt; crashed on lunar surface after failure during lunar orbit insertion.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
| [[Astronomy:Chandrayaan-3|Chandrayaan-3]]|| {{flag|India}}|| 23 August 2023 ||{{coords|69.373|S|32.319|E|globe:moon}}<ref>{{Citation |title=Chandrayaan 3 - After The Landing What Happens Next? |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=howp3hl5Zag |access-date=2023-08-28 |language=en}}</ref> || Soft landing. First Indian soft landing. First soft landing in the south pole region of the Moon. Lunar rover.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
| [[Astronomy:Smart Lander for Investigating Moon|Smart Lander for Investigating Moon]] (SLIM)|| {{flag|Japan}}|| 19 January 2024 ||{{coords|13.316|S|25.251|E|globe:moon|display=inline|format=dec}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://global.jaxa.jp/countdown/slim/SLIM-mediakit-EN_2308.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=25 August 2023 |archive-date=8 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230908075454/https://global.jaxa.jp/countdown/slim/SLIM-mediakit-EN_2308.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> || Soft landing. First Japanese soft landing. Two lunar rovers.
|- valign="top"
| [[Engineering:Nova-C|Nova-C]]|| {{flag|USA}}|| March-April 2024 (planned) || || Soft landing attempt. Commercial lander made by [[Company:Intuitive Machines|Intuitive Machines]].Excessive propellant burn made cancelling of landing. 
|}

===[[Astronomy:Moons of Mars|Moons of Mars]]===
{{Anchor|Moons of Mars}}
;[[Astronomy:Phobos (moon)|Phobos]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
|- valign="top"
! style="text-align:left" width="20%" | Mission
! style="text-align:left" width="10%" | Country/Agency
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Date of landing/impact
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Coordinates
! style="text-align:left" width="40%" | Notes
|-
| {{flagicon|USSR}} USSR
| February 1989 (planned)
|
| [[Astronomy:Phobos (moon)|Phobos]] landing was planned but never attempted due to loss of contact

|}

===[[Astronomy:Moons of Saturn|Moons of Saturn]]===
{{Anchor|Moons of Saturn}}
;[[Astronomy:Titan (moon)|Titan]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
|- valign="top"
! style="text-align:left" width="20%" | Mission
! style="text-align:left" width="10%" | Country/Agency
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Date of landing/impact
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Coordinates
! style="text-align:left" width="40%" | Notes
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
| ''Huygens'' probe || [[File:ESA logo simple.svg|20px]] [[Organization:European Space Agency|ESA]] || 14 January 2005 || {{Coord|10.2936|S|163.1775|E|globe:titan}} || Titan floating lander. Successful soft landing. Transmitted data for 90 minutes following landing.
|-
|}

== Other bodies ==
===Asteroids===
{{Anchor|Asteroids}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
|- valign="top" class="is-sticky"
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Body
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Mission
! style="text-align:left" width="10%" | Country/Agency
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Date of landing/impact
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Coordinates
! style="text-align:left" width="30%" | Notes
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
|[[Astronomy:433 Eros|Eros]] || {{nowrap|''[[Astronomy:NEAR Shoemaker|NEAR Shoemaker]]''}} || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 12 February 2001 || || Designed as an orbiter, but an improvised landing was carried out on completion of the main mission. Transmission from the surface continued for about 16 days.
|- valign="top" style="background:#DFE771"
| rowspan="2" |[[Astronomy:25143 Itokawa|Itokawa]] || rowspan="2" | ''[[Astronomy:Hayabusa|Hayabusa]]'' || rowspan="2" | {{nowrap|{{flagicon|JPN}} Japan}} || 19 November 2005 || || Accidentally stayed for 30 min.
|- valign="top" style="background:#DFE771"
| 25 November 2005
| 
| Stayed for 1 sec. Sample return (very small amount of dust successfully returned to Earth).
|- valign="top" style="background:#DFE771"
| rowspan="7" |[[Astronomy:162173 Ryugu|Ryugu]] || rowspan="7" |''[[Astronomy:Hayabusa2|Hayabusa2]]''|| style="background:#EFE7B8"| {{flagicon|JPN}} Japan || style="background:#EFE7B8"|21 September 2018 ||style="background:#EFE7B8"| ||style="background:#EFE7B8"| ''[[Engineering:MINERVA (spacecraft)|MINERVA-II]]'' Rover-1A and Rover-1B, deployed successfully and returned data from the surface.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8"
||{{flagicon|France}} France / {{flagicon|Germany}} Germany|| 3 October 2018 || || [[Astronomy:Hayabusa2#MASCOT|MASCOT]] rover, deployed successfully and returned data from the surface.
|- valign="top" style="background:#DFE771"
| rowspan="5" | {{flagicon|JPN}} Japan|| 21 February 2019 || || ''Hayabusa2'' first touchdown. Successfully collected sample from the surface. Sample returned to Earth on 5 December 2020.
|- valign="top"
|| 5 April 2019 || || [[Astronomy:Hayabusa2#Sub-surface sample|Small Carry-on Impactor]] (SCI), fired at surface to create a crater from which to sample sub-surface material
|-
|April 2019
|
|Deployable Camera 3, photographed the impact created by the Small carry-on Impactor. Presumed to have fallen on the asteroid.
|- valign="top" style="background:#DFE771"
|| 11 July 2019 || || ''Hayabusa2'' second touchdown. Successfully collected sub-surface material sample from the crater created by the SCI. Sample returned to Earth on 5 December 2020.
|- valign="top"
|| October 2019 || || ''MINERVA-II'' Rover-2, failed before deployment, so it was released in orbit around the asteroid to perform gravitational measurements before it impacted a few days later.
|- valign="top" style="background:#DFE771"
|[[Astronomy:101955 Bennu|Bennu]]
|''[[Astronomy:OSIRIS-REx|OSIRIS-REx]]''
|{{flagicon|USA}} USA
|20 October 2020
|56°N 43°E
|''OSIRIS-REx'' touchdown, collected sample from surface. Sample returned to Earth on 24 September 2023
|- valign="top"
|[[Astronomy:Dimorphos|Dimorphos]]||[[Astronomy:Double Asteroid Redirection Test|Double Asteroid Redirection Test]] || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 26 September 2022 || || Intentional hard impact. First Solar System body intentionally deviated (slightly) of its orbit.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 September 2022 |title=NASA's DART Mission Hits Asteroid in First-Ever Planetary Defense Test |url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-dart-mission-hits-asteroid-in-first-ever-planetary-defense-test |publisher=NASA}}</ref>
|}

===Comets===
{{Anchor|Comets}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
|- valign="top"
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Body
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Mission
! style="text-align:left" width="10%" | Country/Agency
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Date of landing/impact
! style="text-align:left" width="15%" | Coordinates
! style="text-align:left" width="30%" | Notes
|- valign="top"
|Comet 9P/Tempel 1 || ''[[Engineering:Deep Impact (spacecraft)|Deep Impact]]'' || {{flagicon|USA}} USA || 4 July 2005 || || Impactor.
|- valign="top" style="background:#EFE7B8" 
| rowspan=2 | Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko || rowspan=2 | ''[[Engineering:Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]'' || rowspan=2 | [[File:ESA logo simple.svg|20px]] [[Organization:European Space Agency|ESA]]
| 12 November 2014 || || Philae lander. Successful soft landing, but anchors misfired and Philae bounced multiple times before coming to rest. Philae transmitted briefly but could not maintain power due to its awkward landing.
|- valign="top"
| 29 September 2016 || || The ''Rosetta'' orbiter was intentionally crashed into the comet.
|}

==See also==
*[[Astronomy:Deliberate crash landings on extraterrestrial bodies|Deliberate crash landings on extraterrestrial bodies]]
*[[Astronomy:List of artificial objects on extraterrestrial surfaces|List of artificial objects on extraterrestrial surfaces]]
*[[Astronomy:List of extraterrestrial orbiters|List of extraterrestrial orbiters]]
*[[Astronomy:List of rovers on extraterrestrial bodies|List of rovers on extraterrestrial bodies]]
*[[Astronomy:Timeline of space exploration|Timeline of space exploration]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Planetary exploration}}
{{Space exploration lists and timelines}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Landings on extraterrestrial bodies}}
[[Category:Spaceflight timelines]]
[[Category:Landers (spacecraft)|*]]

{{Sourceattribution|List of landings on extraterrestrial bodies}}