View source for Engineering:Manila Railway 70 class

{{Infobox locomotive
| name             = Manila Railway/Railroad 70 class
| image            = [[File:Manila Dagupan Railway NBL 71.jpg|300px]]
| alt              = 
| caption          = No. 71 in Scotland.
| powertype        = Steam
| designer         = Horace L. Higgins
| builder          = North British Locomotive Company
| builddate        = 1908–10
| totalproduction  = 22+
| whytetype        = 0-6-2T<br>0-6-2TT (Pasudeco)
| uicclass         = C1t
| gauge            = {{track gauge|1067mm}} 
| driverdiameter   = {{Convert|40.5|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| wheelbase        = 
|  engine total    = {{Convert|17.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|  drivers         = {{Convert|12|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| weightondrivers  = {{Convert|61936|lb|LT+kg|abbr=on}}
| locoweight       = {{Convert|77840|lb|LT+kg|abbr=on}}
| fueltype         = Coal
| watercap         = {{Convert|3000|gal|L|abbr=on}}
| fireboxtype      = {{-}}
|  firearea        = {{Convert|16.5|sqft|sqm|abbr=on}}
| boiler           = 
|  boilertype      = [[Engineering:Fire-tube boiler|Fire-tube boiler]]
| boilerpressure   = {{Convert|180|psi|kPa|abbr=on}}
| totalsurface     = {{-}}
|  fireboxarea     = {{Convert|55|sqft|sqm|abbr=on}}
| valvegear        = Stephenson
| tractiveeffort   = {{Convert|11492|lbf|kN|abbr=on}}
| operator         = Manila Railway<br>Manila Railroad<br>Pampanga Sugar Development Company (Pasudeco)
| numinclass       = 22+
| fleetnumbers     = 71-92
| locale           = Entire MRR network
| deliverydate     = 1908–09
| firstrundate     = 1910
| lastrundate      = Before 1947 (MRR)<br>1989 (Pasudeco)
| scrapdate        = 1922–61, before 2006
| preservedunits   = 0
| disposition      = All were presumed to be scrapped
| notes            = References:<ref name="lla">{{Cite web |first=Steve |last=Llanso |title=Manila Railroad 0-6-2 Locomotives in [the] Philippines |url=https://www.steamlocomotive.com/locobase.php?country=Philippines&wheel=0-6-2&railroad=mr |website=SteamLocomotive.com |publisher=Sweat House Media |accessdate=January 18, 2021}}</ref>
}}

The '''Manila Railway 70 class''' of 1908 were at least twenty 0-6-2 combination side- and well-[[Engineering:Tank locomotive|tank locomotive]]s built by the North British Locomotive Company. It was first operated as mainline locomotives in the late 1900s and early 1910s by the Manila Railway Company, primarily to support its growing network and replace the aging ''Dagupan'' class engines. They were used on all the lines of the networks of both the Manila Railway and its succeeding incarnation, the Manila Railroad. Since the 1920s, some locomotives were retired then either scrapped or given to [[Biology:Sugarcane|sugarcane]] plantations. The last unit, No. 79, survived with the Pampanga Sugar Development Company as late as 1989.

==Background==
Two Glasgow-based locomotive manufacturers previously built 30 tank locomotives for the newly-formed Manila Railway Company in 1888. These were Neilson and Company, maker of the A subclass and numbered 1 to 15, and Dübs and Company, maker of the B subclass and numbered 16 to 30. These were known to local railroad historians as the ''Dagupan'' class.<ref name="ih">{{cite thesis |last=Corpuz |first=Arturo |title=Railroads and regional development in the Philippines: Views from the colonial iron horse, 1875–1935 |date=May 1989 |publisher=Cornell University |url={{GBurl|id = gOFOPAAACAA|pg = PR1}} |access-date=June 20, 2020}}</ref>

These two companies then merged with Sharp, Stewart and Company and formed the North British Locomotive Company (NBL) in 1903.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dubs and Co|url=http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Dubs_and_Co|journal=Grace's Guide to British Industrial Heritage }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Bass Works Loco N°9|url=http://modelengineeringwebsite.com/Bass_loco.html|journal=Model Engineering Website }}</ref> In 1906, the newly-formed NBL built the Manila Railway 100 class tender locomotives under the designs of Horace L. Higgins, the sole general manager of the Manila Railway.<ref name="nl">{{Cite magazine |title=New Locomotives, Manila Railway |work=The Locomotive Magazine |volume=XIV |date=May 15, 1909}}</ref>

The 1900s also sought the increase of several branch lines to the north of the Pasig River including the Antipolo line, infamous for its steep gradients which limited the trains' speed. While the 100 class took the flagship [[Engineering:Express train|express train]] services on the ''Ferrocarril de Manila a Dagupan'', the ''Dagupan'' class were still hauling both regular passenger and freight services. This is due to the 100 class' relatively small fleet of only five locomotives. However, the ''Dagupan'' class also started to show its age with these locomotives already approaching 20 years old at the time. For this reason, Higgins ordered additional 0-6-2 ''Branchliner'' type tank locomotives from NBL in 1906. However, construction and entrance to service was delayed to 1908.<ref name="ih"/>

==Design==
As with the ''Dagupan'' class, the 70 class had a combination of side and well tanks being made for mainline services of the era. The 70 class is distinguished from the former with a slimmer smokestack and a more solid cab.<ref name="lla"/> The design was also reported to be faster and can carry heavier loads than its predecessor.<ref name="ih"/>

While its livery is fully black during its term with the Manila Railway and Manila Railroad, its cab and side tanks were painted orange during its service with Pasudeco.<ref name="psd">{{Cite image|first=John|last=Tesson|title=Former Steam Locomotive No. 79 of the Manila Railroad Company that was sold to Pampanga Sugar Development Company (PASUDECO)|url=https://www.facebook.com/PTERCOfficial/posts/2912176049031436|publisher=Philippine Train Enthusiasts and Railfans Club|website=[[Company:Facebook|Facebook]]|date=1989|access-date=October 26, 2021}}</ref>

==Service==
The locomotives were first introduced in 1908 throughout the entire Manila Railway/Railroad network and ushered the eventual retirement of the ''Dagupan'' class.<ref name="ih"/> In 1910, No. 84 was introduced into service on the Antipolo line.<ref>{{Cite image|title=ANTIPOLO HILL SECTION Manila Railroad Company, East of Manila. [circa] 1910.|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=1645129628867740&set=gm.1092797967541722|date=1910|access-date=October 6, 2021}}</ref>

===Relegation and retirement===
As with the other old tank locomotives built by the British, the arrival of larger American-built locomotives in the 1920s rendered the class obsolete for mainline services. They still continued serving the new Manila Railroad well into the 1930s as a [[Engineering:Switcher|switcher]] or on the remaining services on the Antipolo line after the 160 and 300 classes were transferred to new branch lines after a 1916 Supreme Court of the Philippines ruling. The class was already retired by 1947 since it was not given a letter classification by the MRR's Mechanical Department. By 1952, Nos. 79, 90 and 92 were stored in Tutuban.<ref name="eq2">{{Cite report |title=Motive Power and Rolling Stock |work=Report of Survey of the Manila Railroad Company and the Preliminary Survey of Railroads for Mindanao |publisher=De Leuw, Cather and Company; Manila Railroad Company |url=https://www.filipinaslibrary.org.ph/biblio/106523/ |date=July 1952 |access-date=April 13, 2021}}</ref>

Long after dieselization in 1956, No. 92, the last known unit to be preserved in MRR was awaiting its fate in Tutuban by 1960 hoping to be preserved longer but was scrapped in 1961 at the MRR Caloocan Shops.<ref>{{Cite image|first=Dave|last=Sherron|title=PNR old steam trains in 1960 at stockyard ready to be scrapped.|url=https://www.facebook.com/190138951035424/photos/pnr-old-steam-trains-in-1960-at-stockyard-ready-to-be-scrappednorthern-british-l/1630017813714190/|website=[[Company:Facebook|Facebook]]|date=1960|access-date=October 26, 2021}}</ref>

===Pasudeco===
Pasudeco acquired No. 79 and it was occasionally given an accompanying [[Engineering:Tender (rail)#Slopeback|Slopeback tender]] if their Baldwin-built No. 2 did not work. The unit survived until 1989, though rather in a derelict state.<ref name="psd"/> It remains unknown if No. 79 is the second of two steam locomotives reported by Kautzor (2006) to have survived in their facilities due to its former railyard being off-limits, the first being Baldwin-built No. 2, a 2-6-0 tender locomotive now on display in a shopping mall in Marikina.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kautzor|first=Thomas|date=May 23, 2013|title=Today's Railways and Preserved Steam in the Philippines|url=https://www.internationalsteam.co.uk/trains/philippines01.htm|access-date=April 10, 2021|website=International Steam}}</ref> Otherwise, it is most likely been scrapped in the 1990s.

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Trains]]
[[Category:Locomotives]]

{{Sourceattribution|Manila Railway 70 class|1}}