View source for Engineering:Sydney Metro City & Southwest

{{Short description|Rapid transit project in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia}}
{{Use Australian English|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox rail line
| name                            = Sydney Metro City & Southwest
| color                           = {{rcr|Sydney Metro|M1}}
| logo                            = TfNSW M.svg
| logo_width                      = 90
| image                           = Map of Sydney Metro.svg
| image_width                     = 
| image_alt                       = 
| caption                         = The City and Southwest project (dotted) extends the Metro North West Line (shaded)
| type                            = Rapid transit
| system                          = Sydney Metro
| stock                           = Metropolis Stock
| status                          = Under construction
| locale                          = [[Place:Sydney|Sydney]], New South Wales, Australia
| stations                        = 18 (7 new stations, 11 stations converted)<ref>{{cite web|author1=Transport for NSW|url=https://www.sydneymetro.info/citysouthwest/project-overview|date=2017|access-date=10 June 2017|location=5.1 Overview and key components|page=56|quote=New metro stations at Crows Nest, Victoria Cross, Barangaroo, Martin Place, Pitt Street and Waterloo as well as new underground platforms at Central Station|title=Project Overview|archive-date=9 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210209083159/https://www.sydneymetro.info/citysouthwest/project-overview|url-status=live}}</ref>
| open                            = 
| owner                           = Transport for NSW
| linelength                      = {{convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| event1label                     = Announced
| event1                          = 2013
| event2label                     = Start of major construction
| event2                          = 2017
| event3label                     = Planned opening
| event3                          = 2024 (Chatswood to Sydenham)<br/>2025 (Sydenham to Bankstown)
| tracks                          = 2
| gauge                           = {{track gauge|sg|allk=on}}
| minradius                       = 
| electrification                 = {{1,500 V DC}} from [[Engineering:Overhead line|overhead catenary]]
| speed                           = 
| signalling                      = [[Company:Alstom|Alstom]] Urbalis 400 moving block CBTC ATC under [[Engineering:Automatic train operation|ATO]] GoA 4 (UTO), with subsystems of ATP, Iconis ATS and Smartlock CBI<ref name="metro">{{cite book|title=Sydney Metro - Australia's first fully-automated rolling stock|isbn=9781922107800|publisher=Railway Technical Society of Australasia|location=Melbourne|first1=David|last1=Jehan|first2=Andrew|last2=Honan|publication-date=January 2016|url=https://www.railknowledgebank.com/Presto/pl/GetDoc.axd?ctID=MTk4MTRjNDUtNWQ0My00OTBmLTllYWUtZWFjM2U2OTE0ZDY3&rID=NDQ1NQ==&pID=Nzkx&attchmnt=True&uSesDM=False&rIdx=MzM3Nw==&rCFU=|format=PDF|access-date=19 October 2021|archive-date=10 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910083909/https://www.railknowledgebank.com/Presto/pl/GetDoc.axd?ctID=MTk4MTRjNDUtNWQ0My00OTBmLTllYWUtZWFjM2U2OTE0ZDY3&rID=NDQ1NQ==&pID=Nzkx&attchmnt=True&uSesDM=False&rIdx=MzM3Nw==&rCFU=|url-status=live}}</ref>
| map                             = {{Sydney Metro City & Southwest}}
| map_state                       = collapsed
}}

'''Sydney Metro City & Southwest''' is a {{convert|30|km|mi|adj=on}} rapid transit project currently under-construction in [[Place:Sydney|Sydney]], Australia. The project will extend the Metro North West Line from {{rwsa|Chatswood}} on the North Shore, to {{rwsa|Bankstown}} in the city's south-west via the Sydney central business district.

The project consists of two main components. The first is a new {{convert|15.5|km|mi|adj=on}} twin-tunnel rail crossing under Sydney Harbour and through the city to {{rwsa|Sydenham|S}} with seven new underground stations in central Sydney.<ref>{{cite web|title=Chatswood to Sydenham|url=https://www.sydneymetro.info/citysouthwest/chatswood-sydenham|website=www.sydneymetro.info|publisher=Transport for NSW|access-date=11 May 2017|language=en|archive-date=21 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421044100/https://www.sydneymetro.info/citysouthwest/chatswood-sydenham|url-status=live}}</ref> The second is the conversion of 11 stations on a portion of the existing Bankstown line on the Sydney Trains network for use by [[Engineering:Automatic train operation|autonomous trains]].

When complete, the new track will form part of a single 66-km rail line on the Sydney Metro network. Together with planned improvements to the Main Western line, the project is expected to increase capacity on the Sydney rail network by up to 60%, and allow for the movement of over 100,000 extra commuters across the network every hour.<ref name="walker">{{cite web|last1=Walker|first1=Ian|title=Construction begins on second Sydney Harbour rail crossing|url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/construction-begins-on-second-sydney-harbour-rail-crossing/story-fni0cx12-1227296245667|publisher=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=23 April 2015}}</ref>

The project began construction in 2017.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sanda|first1=Dominica|title=Work on Sydney Harbour tunnels to start|url=http://www.news.com.au/national/breaking-news/sydney-harbour-metro-tunnelling-to-start/news-story/d34e019452cc98eb84afcdc156a139e1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625151053/http://www.news.com.au/national/breaking-news/sydney-harbour-metro-tunnelling-to-start/news-story/d34e019452cc98eb84afcdc156a139e1|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 June 2017|access-date=22 June 2017|agency=Australian Associated Press|publisher=News Limited|date=22 June 2017}}</ref> The tunnel between Chatswood and Sydenham is planned to open mid-2024, with the converted portion of the Bankstown line planned to open in 2025.<ref>{{cite press release |date=1 August 2023 |title=Minns Labor Government will deliver Sydenham to Bankstown section of City and Southwest Metro  |url=https://www.nsw.gov.au/media-releases/sydenham-bankstown-metro |location=Sydney |publisher=Government of New South Wales |agency=Department of Transport |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804232214/https://www.nsw.gov.au/media-releases/sydenham-bankstown-metro |archive-date=4 August 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023}}</ref> Tunnelling was completed in March 2020.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tunnelling for Sydney Metro City and Southwest complete|url=https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/metros/tunnelling-for-sydney-metro-city-and-southwest-complete/|date=24 March 2020|access-date=22 April 2020|archive-date=24 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200324195417/https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/metros/tunnelling-for-sydney-metro-city-and-southwest-complete/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2023, the state government confirmed the cost of the project had overrun initial estimates by $9 billion to a total cost of $20.5 billion, due to budget blowouts and station redesigns.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Duncan |date=2023-04-13 |title=Sydney Metro faces review over cost blowouts, delays |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/8157781/sydney-metro-faces-review-over-cost-blowouts-delays/ |access-date=2023-05-06 |website=The Canberra Times |language=en-AU |archive-date=6 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506002645/https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/8157781/sydney-metro-faces-review-over-cost-blowouts-delays/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Project history==
In 2013, a proposal was raised to extend the then-proposed North West Rail Link, by building a metro-style tunnel from just south of Chatswood Station via St Leonards and North Sydney and under the Sydney Harbour towards Central and Redfern, before joining the newly converted metro lines towards Hurstville, Bankstown, Lidcombe and Liverpool.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Andrew|last=Clennell|url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/second-sydney-harbour-crossing-to-follow-north-west-rail/story-fni0cx12-1226776525890|title=Second Sydney Harbour crossing to follow North West Rail|newspaper=The Telegraph News|date=6 December 2013|access-date=20 January 2014|archive-date=8 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208003734/http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/second-sydney-harbour-crossing-to-follow-north-west-rail/story-fni0cx12-1226776525890|url-status=live}}</ref> This largely renews a previous proposal known as the CBD Rail Link (see below), except with metro-style trains instead. The Hurstville extension was subsequently dropped.

The proposal was officially announced by the New South Wales government on 10 June 2014. The proposal was contingent on funding from privatising at least 49% of the state's power infrastructure, which was secured in June 2015.<ref name="abc.net.au">{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-06-11/sydney-rapid-transit-rail-could-begin-gladys-berejiklian/5515186|title=Sydney rapid transit rail build could begin in three years, NSW Transport Minister Gladys Berejiklian says|last1=Gerathy|first1=Sarah|last2=Foschia|first2=Liz|date=11 June 2014|access-date=11 June 2014|archive-date=12 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140612014454/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-06-11/sydney-rapid-transit-rail-could-begin-gladys-berejiklian/5515186|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="funding secured">{{cite press release | url=http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/b2b/releases/150604_Funding_secured_Sydney_metro_to_be_a_reality.pdf | title=Funding secured: Sydney Metro to be a reality | publisher=NSW Government | date=4 June 2015 | access-date=4 June 2015 | archive-date=7 June 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607135633/http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/b2b/releases/150604_Funding_secured_Sydney_metro_to_be_a_reality.pdf | url-status=live }}</ref> Preliminary works involving drilling to depths {{Cvt|70|m|4=0}} below Sydney Harbour commenced on 9 April 2015 to find the alignment for the new Sydney Metro tunnels.<ref name=walker/><ref>[http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/media-releases/getting-down-business-early-work-begins-sydney-rapid-transit Getting down to business: Early work begins on Sydney Rapid Transit] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416103042/http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/media-releases/getting-down-business-early-work-begins-sydney-rapid-transit |date=16 April 2015 }} Transport for NSW 8 April 2015</ref>

=== Chatswood to Sydenham section ===
Planning approval for the Chatswood to Sydenham section of the project was received in January 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=Signal turns green for Sydney metro extension under the harbour|url=http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/newsroom/media-releases/signal-turns-green-sydney-metro-extension-under-harbour|publisher=Transport for NSW|access-date=10 January 2017|date=10 January 2017|archive-date=12 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112183604/http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/newsroom/media-releases/signal-turns-green-sydney-metro-extension-under-harbour|url-status=live}}</ref> In June 2017, a John Holland, CPB Contractors and [[Company:Ghella|Ghella]] joint venture was awarded the contract to build the twin tunnels from Chatswood to Sydenham.<ref>[http://infrastructuremagazine.com.au/2017/06/23/contract-awarded-for-harbour-metro-crossing/ Contract awarded for Harbour Metro crossing] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629184421/http://infrastructuremagazine.com.au/2017/06/23/contract-awarded-for-harbour-metro-crossing/ |date=29 June 2017 }} ''Infrastructure Magazine'' 23 June 2017</ref>

A contract for a major upgrade of Central station was awarded to Laing O'Rourke in March 2018. The project includes construction of two new underground platforms to serve the metro and a new underground concourse called Central Walk. The new platforms will be built beneath platforms 13–14.<ref>{{cite web|title=$955 Million Central Walk, Sydney Metro Contract Awarded - securing more NSW jobs|url=https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/news-and-events/media-releases/955-million-central-walk-sydney-metro-contract-awarded-securing-more|publisher=Transport for NSW|access-date=7 March 2018|date=7 March 2018|archive-date=7 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307151229/https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/news-and-events/media-releases/955-million-central-walk-sydney-metro-contract-awarded-securing-more|url-status=live}}</ref>

Tunnelling commenced in October 2018.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Haydar |first1=Nour |title=Sydney Metro project reaches milestone as boring machines begin to drill |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-10-17/sydney-metro-tunnel-nsw-drilling-begins/10385840 |work=ABC News |date=17 October 2018 |language=en-AU |access-date=24 October 2018 |archive-date=17 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017161354/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-10-17/sydney-metro-tunnel-nsw-drilling-begins/10385840 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In November 2018, a $1.376 billion contract was awarded to an unincorporated joint venture between CPB Contractors and UGL to be known as Systems Connect, which will include the laying of track from Chatswood to Sydenham as well as converting power on the Bankstown line to Metro standards and also the building of further Metro train facilities at Rouse Hill and Marrickville.<ref>[https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/news-and-events/media-releases/metro-on-track-as-1376-billion-contract-awarded Metro on track as $1.376 billion contract awarded] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121120132/https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/news-and-events/media-releases/metro-on-track-as-1376-billion-contract-awarded |date=21 November 2018 }} Transport for NSW</ref><gallery widths="220">
File:Gadigal station under construction in October 2018.jpg|Gadigal railway station under construction in October 2018
File:Sydney Metro construction for tunnel under Sydney Harbour at Blues Point, Sydney.jpg|Construction at the Blues Point dive site, April 2019
File:Sydney Metro Update - Waterloo Station Box and tunnel boring machine - May 2019.jpg|[[Engineering:Tunnel boring machine|Tunnel boring]] at the Waterloo station dive site, May 2019
File:Sydney Metro Martin Place under construction.jpg|Construction of the underground interchange at Martin Place station, July 2019
File:Barangaroo Station Box.jpg|The Barangaroo station box under construction in September 2020
File:Victoria Cross Metro Stn.jpg|Victoria Cross station, November 2023
File:Crows Nest Metro Station November 2023.jpg|Crows Nest station, November 2023
File:Barangaroo Metro Station November 2023.jpg|Barangaroo station, November 2023 
</gallery>

=== Sydenham to Bankstown section ===
[[File:Sydney Metro Marrickville dive 20180805 01.jpg|thumb|Excavation of the Marrickville dive in August 2018]]
From Sydenham, the Sydney Metro takes over the existing Bankstown railway line between Sydenham to Bankstown, which will be converted for use by single-deck autonomous trains with [[Biology:Platform screen doors|platform-edge doors]]. Bankstown will become an interchange station between the Metro and the remaining short stub of the Bankstown railway line. The conversion and incorporation of this section of track into Sydney Metro has not been without controversy, with a letter written by four former rail executives John Brew, Ron Christie, Bob O'Loughlin and Dick Day casting doubts on the government's claims of improved reliability as well as warning that commuters west of Bankstown face additional interchange for travel towards the City Circle.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/system/files/media/documents/2018/tra-000402.pdf|title=A report dated July 2015 about the Sydney Metro and long term transport planning|last=John Brew, Ron Christie, Bob O’Loughlin and Dick Day|date=July 2015|website=Transport for NSW: Access to Information (GIPA Act)|access-date=|archive-date=15 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415025641/https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/system/files/media/documents/2018/tra-000402.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Canterbury station 2022.jpg|thumb|The Sydenham to Bankstown phase of the project involves the conversion and upgrade of large parts of the current suburban Bankstown Line to rapid transit standards]]

Planning approval of the upgrade of Bankstown line between Sydenham and Bankstown was received in December 2018.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sydney Metro Bankstown Line Metro Upgrade gets green light|url=https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/news-and-events/media-releases/sydney-metro-bankstown-line-metro-upgrade-gets-green-light|publisher=Transport for NSW|access-date=13 January 2020|date=19 December 2018|archive-date=18 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618191452/https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/news-and-events/media-releases/sydney-metro-bankstown-line-metro-upgrade-gets-green-light|url-status=live}}</ref> Beginning in December 2019, the Bankstown line between {{rwsa|Sydenham|S}} and {{rwsa|Campsie}} and the Illawarra railway line between {{rwsa|Hurstville}} and {{rwsa|Central|S}} was closed during certain periods in order to allow the Bankstown line to be converted and upgraded to metro standards.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/rail-line-closures-to-force-100-000-commuters-a-day-to-catch-buses-20190718-p528eg.html|title=Rail line closure to force 100,000 commuters a day to catch buses|work=Sydney Morning Herald|date=18 July 2019|access-date=19 July 2019|archive-date=19 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719084144/https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/rail-line-closures-to-force-100-000-commuters-a-day-to-catch-buses-20190718-p528eg.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[https://www.sydneymetro.info/sites/default/files/document-library/Sydenham_to_Bankstown_Preferred_Infrastructure_Report_Overview.pdf Sydenham to Bankstown Preferred Infrastructure Report Overview] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190822105451/https://www.sydneymetro.info/sites/default/files/document-library/Sydenham_to_Bankstown_Preferred_Infrastructure_Report_Overview.pdf |date=22 August 2019 }} Sydney Metro June 2018</ref>

The NSW Legislative Council announced on 22 August 2019 an Inquiry into the "Sydenham - Bankstown Line conversion"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/committees/inquiries/Pages/inquiry-details.aspx?pk=2551|title=Sydenham-Bankstown Line conversion|website=www.parliament.nsw.gov.au|access-date=2019-09-22|archive-date=22 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922091828/https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/committees/inquiries/Pages/inquiry-details.aspx%3Fpk%3D2551|url-status=live}}</ref> examining decision making in relation to the transport project. The Inquiry to be conducted by Portfolio Committee 6 - Transport and Customer Service and chaired by Abigail Boyd released its report on 9 April 2020, recommending that the conversion not take place with Sydney Metro instead to terminate at Sydenham.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sydenham-Bankstown line conversion report |url=https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/lcdocs/inquiries/2551/Report%20No%2011_PC%206_Sydenham-Bankstown%20line%20conversion.pdf |website=NSW Parliament |publisher=Portfolio Committee No. 6 - Transport and Customer Service |access-date=10 April 2020 |archive-date=24 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724162835/https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/lcdocs/inquiries/2551/Report%20No%2011_PC%206_Sydenham-Bankstown%20line%20conversion.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The NSW Government rejected most recommendations from this report.<ref>[https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/lcdocs/inquiries/2551/Government%20Response%20-%20Sydenham-Bankstown%20Inquiry%20-%20received%208%20October%202020.pdf NSW Government response  Inquiry into the Sydenham-Bankstown line conversion] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624224824/https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/lcdocs/inquiries/2551/Government%20Response%20-%20Sydenham-Bankstown%20Inquiry%20-%20received%208%20October%202020.pdf |date=24 June 2021 }} Andrew Constance, Minister for Roads & Transport 7 October 2020</ref>

In December 2020, Transport for NSW announced it was considering when the Bankstown line closes for conversion to metro in 2024, the Liverpool to City service via Regents Park and Lidcombe will be reinstated and a shuttle branch service will run between Lidcombe and Bankstown.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/news-and-events/media-releases/rail-options-for-west-of-bankstown-station-2024-now-confirmed|title=Rail options for west of Bankstown station in 2024 now confirmed|publisher=Transport for NSW|date=8 December 2020|access-date=9 December 2020|archive-date=8 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208024636/https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/news-and-events/media-releases/rail-options-for-west-of-bankstown-station-2024-now-confirmed|url-status=live}}</ref> Regents Park will be the main interchange point between both services as the direct train between Bankstown and Liverpool will be withdrawn.<ref name=":0" /> Such changes were confirmed in late 2023 with the NSW Government ruling out earlier plans to close stations in the West of Bankstown between Bankstown and Lidcombe/Cabramatta when Sydney Metro City & Southwest opened.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vella |first=Joanne |date=6 September 2023 |title=Sydney Metro proposed plan to shut nine train stations permanently after Bankstown-Sydenham Metro lines opens |url=https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/newslocal/parramatta/sydney-metro-proposed-plan-to-shut-nine-train-stations-permanently-after-bankstownsydenham-metro-lines-opens/news-story/3db941e7227c45e3e05a2f0efe5b4699 |access-date=7 January 2024 |work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref>

In April 2023, it was confirmed by the government that the conversion of the Bankstown line was delayed by at least twelve months and was expected to open in 2025, after the main CBD tunnel commences operations.<ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Sullivan |first=Matt |date=2023-04-10 |title='Nightmare': Residents enter fourth year of Metro pain as construction drags on |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/nightmare-residents-enter-fourth-year-of-metro-pain-as-construction-drags-on-20230405-p5cy8h.html |access-date=2023-05-06 |website=The Sydney Morning Herald |language=en |archive-date=6 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506002644/https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/nightmare-residents-enter-fourth-year-of-metro-pain-as-construction-drags-on-20230405-p5cy8h.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In August 2023, the state government in response to the recommendation of the Sydney Metro Review, announced the continuation of the Sydney Metro Southwest project with the conversion of the Sydenham to Bankstown line including a 12-month temporary closure from mid-2024 onwards.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Heath |last= Parkes-Hupton |date=31 July 2023 |title=NSW government commits to converting south-west Sydney rail line to metro |language=en-AU |work=ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-08-01/sydney-metro-south-west-to-proceed-minns-says/102671718 |access-date=7 August 2023}}</ref>

=== Cost ===
[[File:Sydney Metro - Barangaroo - TBM Kathleen Cutterhead - Flickr - john cowper.jpg|thumb|A [[Engineering:Tunnel boring machine|tunnel boring machine]] being assembled at the Barangaroo station dive site in June 2019. Budget overspends were primarily driven by the cost of the underground sections of the line]]In 2020, the ''Sydney Morning Herald'' reported that an internal government review found the project had blown out by $4.3 billion for a projected cost of $16.8 billion.<ref name=":2">{{cite news |last1=O'Sullivan |first1=Matt |title=How $4 billion blowout puts Sydney's transport plans on the line |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/how-4-billion-blowout-puts-sydney-s-transport-plans-on-the-line-20200206-p53y7u.html |work=Sydney Morning Herald |date=8 February 2020 |language=en-AU |access-date=18 September 2021 |archive-date=18 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918074831/https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/how-4-billion-blowout-puts-sydney-s-transport-plans-on-the-line-20200206-p53y7u.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Detailed budgeting was not released as part of the business case in 2016, but the project was originally estimated to cost between $11.5 and $12.5 billion.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Sullivan |first=Matt |date=2020-02-03 |title=$4.3 billion cost blowout in Sydney's metro rail project |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/4-3-billion-cost-blowout-in-sydney-s-metro-rail-project-20200203-p53x7n.html |access-date=2023-05-06 |website=The Sydney Morning Herald |language=en |archive-date=6 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506002642/https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/4-3-billion-cost-blowout-in-sydney-s-metro-rail-project-20200203-p53x7n.html |url-status=live }}</ref> These increases were in part driven by unexpected costs of building the underground CBD stations.<ref name=":2" />

The new Labor government of Chris Minns elected in the 2023 state election initiated a broad review into the Sydney Metro projects in April 2023, and announced that internal documents under the previous government of Dominic Perrottet had shown that the City & Southwest project was budgeted to cost $20.5 billion, a $9 billion escalation from the initial projections.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite news |date=2023-04-12 |title=Major changes not ruled out after cost blowouts on Sydney's new metro network revealed |language=en-AU |work=ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-04-13/sydney-metro-city-southwest-cost-blowout/102215508 |access-date=2023-05-06 |archive-date=12 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412205955/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-04-13/sydney-metro-city-southwest-cost-blowout/102215508 |url-status=live }}</ref> The ABC reported that further increases were possible before the line is fully completed in 2025.<ref name=":3" />
[[File:0402 Chatswood, 2019 (02).jpg|thumb|A Metropolis Stock train at Chatswood station; the current terminus of the Metro North West Line]]

== Route ==
[[File:Sydenham NSW 2044, Australia - panoramio (8).jpg|thumb|The first stage of the extension will initially terminate at the major interchange of Sydenham station]]
[[File:Bankstown railway station 20180929 01.jpg|thumb|Bankstown station will become the final terminus of the Sydney Metro Northwest, City & Southwest in 2025]]
The project is a major extension of the Metro North West Line, connecting Chatswood&ndash;the line's current terminus&ndash;to Sydenham, with new stations at Crows Nest, Victoria Cross, Barangaroo, Martin Place, Pitt Street, Central and Waterloo.<ref name="stations list">{{cite web|url=http://sydneymetro.info/project-overview1/news_feed/stations-and-alignment|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607135828/http://sydneymetro.info/project-overview1/news_feed/stations-and-alignment|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 June 2015|title=Stations and Alignment|publisher=Sydney Metro – Transport for NSW|access-date=4 June 2015}}</ref> At Sydenham, the line would join the existing Bankstown railway line, which will be converted to allow single-deck autonomous trains to run between Sydenham and Bankstown as part of the Sydney Metro City & Southwest project.

{{Routemap
| title = Route map
| float = none
| map = uhCONTg ~~ Metro North West Line continues
uhKINTxe!~PORTALf ~~ Chatswood <small>''(interchange with T1 North Shore and T9 Northern Lines)''</small>
uextBHF ~~ Crows Nest
uextBHF ~~ Victoria Cross (North Sydney)
WASSERq!~uextSTR ~~ <small>''Sydney Harbour''</small>
uextBHF ~~ Barangaroo
uextINT ~~ Martin Place <small>''(interchange with T4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line)''</small>
uextBHF ~~ Gadigal
uextINT ~~ Central <small>''(interchange with Sydney Trains and Sydney Light Rail lines)''</small>
uextBHF ~~ Waterloo
uexKDSTaq\uexABZg+r!~PORTALg\ ~~ <small>''Stabling Yard''</small>
uexINT ~~ Sydenham <small>''(interchange with T3 Bankstown Line, T4 Illawarra Line and T8 South Lines)''</small>
uexHST ~~ Marrickville
uexINT ~~ Dulwich Hill <small>''(interchange with L1 Dulwich Hill Line)''</small>
uexHST ~~ Hurlstone Park
uexHST ~~ Canterbury
uexBHF ~~ Campsie
uexHST ~~ Belmore
uexHST ~~ Lakemba
uexHST ~~ Wiley Park
uexHST ~~ Punchbowl
uexKINTe ~~ Bankstown <small>''(interchange with Sydney Trains services)''</small>
}}
The original list of stations consisted of Crows Nest, Victoria Cross, Martin Place, Pitt Street (now Gadigal), Central, Sydenham and the stations of the Bankstown line. Potential additional stations were also proposed for the industrial area of Artarmon (underground), St Leonards, Barangaroo and either the University of Sydney or Waterloo.<ref name="stations list" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/jockeying-begins-over-new-train-stations-for-sydney-university-or-waterloo-20141009-10roaj.html|title=Jockeying begins over new train stations for Sydney University or Waterloo|last=Saulwick|first=Jacob|date=12 October 2014|access-date=14 October 2014|archive-date=14 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014133639/http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/jockeying-begins-over-new-train-stations-for-sydney-university-or-waterloo-20141009-10roaj.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Barangaroo station was confirmed in June 2015 and Waterloo was confirmed in December.<ref name="transport.nsw.gov.au">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150623105513/http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/media-releases/budget-delivers-9-billion-public-transport-services-and-infrastructure Budget delivers $9 billion for public transport services and infrastructure] Transport for NSW 23 June 2015</ref><ref name="Waterloo confirmation">{{cite news|title=Sydney Metro to rejuvenate Waterloo|url=https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/b2b/media/Waterloo%20Station%2016.12.15.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202170402/https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/b2b/media/Waterloo%20Station%2016.12.15.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2016|access-date=17 December 2015|publisher=NSW Government|date=16 December 2015}}</ref> The other three stations will not be included in the project.

The remaining stations served by the T3 Bankstown Line (Erskineville, St Peters and 9 stations west of Bankstown towards Lidcombe / Cabramatta) will continue to be served by Sydney Trains.
[[File:Liverpool railway station 20171231 07.jpg|thumb|Liverpool has been proposed as a potential future extension to the line]]

===Potential extension===
A scoping study into rail investment to service Western Sydney and the proposed Western Sydney Airport was announced by the New South Wales and Australian governments in November 2015.<ref>{{cite web|title=Western Sydney Airport|url=http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/projects-western-sydney-airport|publisher=Transport for NSW|access-date=18 February 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302024021/http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/projects-western-sydney-airport|archive-date=2 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The study's final report was released in March 2018 and included a proposal to extend the Sydney Metro City & Southwest from Bankstown to Liverpool. The extension is unlikely to be built for at least 20 years.<ref>{{cite web|title=Western Sydney Rail Needs Scoping Study Outcomes Report|url=https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/system/files/media/documents/2018/wsrnsoutcome-report.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306142557/https://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/system/files/media/documents/2018/wsrnsoutcome-report.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2018-03-06|publisher=Australian Government and New South Wales Government|access-date=7 March 2018|page=60|date=March 2018}}</ref> Transport for NSW is also considering rapid buses and trackless trams for the corridor<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 November 2020 |title=Transport for NSW Letter regarding planning for Sydney Metro City & Southwest |url=https://www.savet3.org/_files/ugd/d28fe5_16d515b6d1a74aa3ac9c35ce30889421.pdf |access-date=7 January 2024 |website=Save T3 Bankstown Line}}</ref> although following the 2023 NSW Government election, the Metro extension has been cancelled.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 March 2023 |title=Labor deserts Western Sydney commuters |url=https://www.miragenews.com/labor-deserts-western-sydney-commuters-956995/ |access-date=7 January 2024 |website=Mirage News |language=en-AU}}</ref>

==Previous proposals==

===CBD Rail Link===
The '''CBD Rail Link'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/tp/files/45986/TIDC%20Final%202007%20Annual%20report%20-%20full&#91;1&#93;.pdf|title=Transport Infrastructure Development Corporation – Annual Report 2007|website=Parliament of NSW|publisher=Transport Infrastructure Development Corporation|date=2007|access-date=25 February 2020|archive-date=24 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224233025/https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/tp/files/45986/TIDC%20Final%202007%20Annual%20report%20-%20full&#91;1&#93;.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> was a component of the now-cancelled Metropolitan Rail Expansion Program (MREP) in Sydney. First announced in 2005, the line was to have started at Redfern Station, travelled under the city centre, crossed under Sydney Harbour, passed through the lower North Shore and ended at the existing Chatswood railway station. It was to have provided the centre section of a planned North West-CBD-South West rail arc connecting major areas of employment with the CBD and airport. Alternative names for the planned route have included the '''Redfern to Chatswood Rail Link (RCRL)''', '''Redfern to Chatswood Harbour Rail Link''' and '''MetroPitt'''.

The proposal was announced by Labor Premier Bob Carr on 15 June 2005 (shortly before his resignation), and formed part of the $8 billion Metropolitan Rail Expansion Project (MREP). The MREP consisted of the New South Wales government's $8 billion North West – CBD – South West Line, including the North West Rail Link (to extend from Cheltenham to Rouse Hill), and the spur to Leppington in Sydney's South West. The six kilometre CBD Rail Link was slated to cost $5 billion, and was to include duplicated tracks on the North Shore line between St Leonards and Chatswood. It was to provide a second railway line transversing Sydney Harbour to ease congestion at Town Hall and Wynyard stations, both considerably crowded and unable to be easily expanded, and to reduce travel times between the city and the lower North Shore.

The government's previous plan of constructing an additional CBD underground line was known as ''MetroWest''. It was to have run from Haymarket in the city's Chinatown precinct near Darling Harbour, along the western edge of the city under Sussex or Kent Street and either ended at Wynyard station or continued over the harbour 'strapped' to the Sydney Harbour Bridge. This option would not have served the part of the city experiencing the fastest growth of employment, and would have necessitated the destruction of eight office buildings. A previous ''MetroPitt'' proposal, travelling further east (and under its namesake Pitt Street) and through the financial district, could also be built deeper underground, limiting the impact on existing infrastructure.

In 2006, both of these corridors were protected with planning buffers to allow the option of future construction.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.metrostrategy.nsw.gov.au/dev/ViewPage.action?siteNodeId=59&languageId=1&contentId=457 |title=Iemma Government locks in future city rail corridors |work=Sydney Metropolitan Strategy |publisher=NSW Government - Department of Planning |date=18 February 2006 |access-date=24 January 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061111114138/http://www.metrostrategy.nsw.gov.au/dev/ViewPage.action?siteNodeId=59&languageId=1&contentId=457 <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 11 November 2006}}</ref> Developers who want to excavate deeper than two metres within a 25-metre buffer zone of the corridors need to seek RailCorp's approval.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.hillsshiretimes.com.au/article/2006/02/20/91_news_pf.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008201513/http://www.hillsshiretimes.com.au/article/2006/02/20/91_news_pf.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 October 2007 |title=Rail routes sealed off |work=Hill Shire Times |date=20 February 2006 |access-date=24 January 2007}}</ref>

In the plan the stations along the CBD Rail Link would have included:<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/revealed-the-harbour-tunnel-to-ease-rail-crisis/2005/06/08/1118123901385.html |title=Revealed: the harbour tunnel to ease rail crisis |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=9 June 2005 |access-date=24 January 2007 |archive-date=21 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421223004/http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/revealed-the-harbour-tunnel-to-ease-rail-crisis/2005/06/08/1118123901385.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Redfern – connecting to the metro lines to Hurstville, Bankstown and Liverpool
* Central – interchanging with all lines through the CBD then 
* Pitt Street
* Martin Place – interchanging with the Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line
* Circular Quay – interchanging with the Bankstown, Inner West, South & Airport/East Hills Lines
* Victoria Cross
* Crows Nest
* St Leonards – interchanging with the North Shore and Northern Lines
* Chatswood – interchanging with the North Shore and Northern Lines

A map<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.metrostrategy.nsw.gov.au/dev/digitalAssets/1621_1143781831174_cbdrail.pdf |title=Protected CBD Rail Corridors Map |work=Sydney Metropolitan Strategy |publisher=NSW Government - Department of Planning |access-date=24 January 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061212033553/http://www.metrostrategy.nsw.gov.au/dev/digitalAssets/1621_1143781831174_cbdrail.pdf <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 12 December 2006}}</ref> of the protected corridors suggested there may have been the potential for another station at Macquarie Place, between The Rocks and Castlereagh Street.

In March 2008 the State Government announced that the line would be cancelled, its role to be partly superseded by future metro rail lines.<ref>Besser L and Smith A. [http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/city-catches-fasttracked-metro/2008/03/18/1205602385115.html City catches fast-tracked metro] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080513143652/http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/city-catches-fasttracked-metro/2008/03/18/1205602385115.html |date=13 May 2008 }}. Sydney Morning Herald, 19 March 2008.</ref>

===Later Labor proposals===
One of the metro lines announced in 2009 by the Rees state government was CBD Metro, which ran along a similar CBD alignment to the current Sydney Metro proposal between Central and Barangaroo. However, the alignment continued west from Baranagaroo, crossing Darling Harbour and heading towards Rozelle and beyond. Therefore, there were no metro lines proposed linking the CBD to Chatswood.

In 2010, the new Keneally government cancelled the entire metro project, and the CBD Relief Line & Western Express concept was announced as replacement. The relief line was largely a return to the CBD Rail Link proposal, but used the MetroWest alignment instead. The line would have offered an alternative heavy rail link in the CBD between Redfern and Wynyard, but also did not cross the harbour into the North Shore. The relief line was cancelled by the incoming Liberal-Nationals government when they won the 2011 state election, who then announced the current project in 2014.

==See also==
* Transport in Sydney in the 2010s
* Metro Tunnel – similar project in [[Place:Melbourne|Melbourne]]
* Cross River Rail – similar project in Brisbane
* City Rail Link – similar project in [[Place:Auckland|Auckland]], [[Earth:New Zealand|New Zealand]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{coord missing|New South Wales}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sydney Metro City and Southwest}}
[[Category:Tunnel construction]]

{{Sourceattribution|Sydney Metro City &amp; Southwest}}