View source for Engineering:UR-100

{{More citations |November 2022|date=November 2022}}
{{Short description|Soviet ICBM}}
{{Infobox weapon
|is_missile=yes
|name = UR-100<br><small>SS-11 Sego</small>
| image = 15A20 - RS-10 - SS-11 mod.2 Sego ICBM in 15Ya42 transport launching container at Park Patriot 02.jpg
|type = [[Engineering:Intercontinental ballistic missile|ICBM]]
|vehicle_range = 10,600 km
|filling = 1
|yield = 1&nbsp;Mt by NII-1011, Chelyabinsk-70
|engine = two-stage liquid fuel
#first stage 8S816 with a 15D2 module (three RD-0216 and one RD-0217 engines)
#second stage 8S817 with one 15D13 main and one four-nozzle 15D14 (RK-3) engines)
|guidance = inertial
|accuracy = 1000–1400&nbsp;metres [[Physics:Circular error probable|CEP]]
|speed =
|length = 16,930&nbsp;mm
|diameter = 2,000&nbsp;mm
|weight = 41.4-42.3&nbsp;tonnes
|payload_capacity =
|manufacturer = design by OKB-52 of V.N.Chelomey, production by Khrunichev Machine-Building Plant, Omsk aviation facility №166 "Polyot", Orenburg aviation facility №47 "Strela"
|unit_cost =
|service = 21 July 1967 (document №705-235)&ndash;1974
|used_by = [[Place:Soviet Union|Soviet Union]]
}}

The '''UR-100''' ({{lang-ru|УР-100}}) was an [[Engineering:Intercontinental ballistic missile|intercontinental ballistic missile]] (ICBM) developed and deployed by the [[Place:Soviet Union|Soviet Union]] from 1966 to 1996. '''UR''' ({{lang|ru|УР}}) in its designation stood for [[Engineering:Universal Rocket|Universal Rocket]] ({{lang-ru|links=no|Универсальная Ракета}}). It was known during the [[History:Cold War|Cold War]] by the NATO reporting name '''SS-11 [[Biology:Calochortus nuttallii|Sego]]''' and internally by the GRAU index '''8K84'''. The Strela and [[Engineering:Rokot|Rokot]] carrier rockets were based on it.

The similar designation ''UR-100MR'' ({{lang-ru|links=no|УР-100МР}}) actually refers to an entirely different missile, the MR-UR-100 Sotka (SS-17 Spanker).

== Description ==
The UR-100 was a two-stage liquid-propellant lightweight ICBM. Initial versions carried a single warhead of 0.5 to 1.1&nbsp;Mt [[Physics:Nuclear weapon yield|yield]], while later versions could carry three or six MIRV warheads. The missile was silo-launched. 15P784 silo design (by KBOM, ''Design Bureau of Common Machinery'', of V.P.Barmin) was greatly simplified in comparison to earlier missiles. Facilities consisted of hardened, un-manned silos controlled by a single central command post. This was the first soviet ICBM (8K84M, entered service on 3 October 1971) equipped with missile defense countermeasure "Palma" by NII-108 of V.Gerasimenko.{{Cn|date=January 2021}}

=== Variants and developments ===
* UR-100 with 8K84 missile &mdash; original development{{Cn|date=January 2021}}
* UR-100 with 8K84M missile &mdash; improved variant{{Cn|date=January 2021}}
* [[Engineering:UR-100N|UR-100N]] with 15A30 missile &mdash; enlarged UR-100. This variant is the basis of the [[Engineering:Rokot|Rokot]] space launch system.{{Cn|date=January 2021}}
* UR-100N UTTH with 15A35 missile &mdash; improved UR-100N <small>(The "UTTH" (or "UTTKh") abbreviated suffix is often used in missile names. This means literally "improved tactical and technical characteristics", [[Social:Russian language|Russian]]: УТТХ = '''у'''лучшенные '''т'''актико-'''т'''ехнические '''х'''арактеристики)</small>
* UR-100MR 15P015 with 15A15 missile &mdash; a different missile to replace the original UR-100{{Cn|date=January 2021}}

[[File:SS-11 ballistic missile in container on trailer.jpg|border|right|340px]]

== Operational history ==
; {{USSR}}: The UR-100 reached initial operational capability with the Strategic Rocket Forces in 1966, and by 1972, 990 launchers had been deployed. An additional 420 launchers of newer version missiles were added by 1976. The missile was deployed as a counterpart to the United States' [[LGM-30 Minuteman]], and relied on numbers for effectiveness. Original versions were phased out during the 1970s, but 326 of the newer missiles (8K84M, UR-100N, UR-100NUTTH) remained in service by 1991. These were phased out completely by 1996. Strategic Rocket Forces was the only operator of the UR-100.{{Cn|date=January 2021}}
Formations included:
* 4th Rocket Division (Drovyanaya, Chita Oblast) (53rd Rocket Army)

===As a space launcher===
The Strela and [[Engineering:Rokot|Rokot]] carrier rockets are based on the UR-100.{{Cn|date=January 2021}}

== See also ==
* [[Engineering:List of missiles|List of missiles]]
* [[Engineering:List of orbital launch systems|List of rockets]]

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060510203229/http://www.new-factoria.ru/missile/wobb/8k84/8k84.shtml 8K84] {{in lang|ru}}


{{Universal Rocket}}

[[Category:Universal Rocket (rocket family)]]


{{Sourceattribution|UR-100}}