View source for Finance:Algerian dinar

{{Short description|Currency of Algeria}}
{{Infobox currency
| local_name_lang1 = ber
| local_name1 = ⴷⵉⵏⴰⵕ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ
| local_name_lang2 = ar
| local_name2 = دينار جزائري
| image_1 =  
| image_title_1 = 
| image_2 = 
| iso_code = DZD
| date_of_introduction = 1 April 1964
| using_countries = {{DZA}}<br>''{{SADR}}''
| inflation_rate = 1.9%
| inflation_source_date = ''[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/algeria/ The World Factbook]'', 2019 est.
| subunit_ratio_1 = {{frac|1|100}}
| subunit_name_1 = centime (defunct)
| symbol = دج
| symbol_comment =  (Arabic), DA (Latin)
| frequently_used_coins = 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 DA
| rarely_used_coins = 1, 2 DA
| frequently_used_banknotes = 200, 500, 1000 DA
| rarely_used_banknotes = 100, 2000 DA<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://banknotenews.com/files/tag-algeria.php/|title=BanknoteNews – Breaking news about international paper & polymer money.}}</ref>
| issuing_authority = Bank of Algeria
| issuing_authority_website = {{URL|1=https://www.bank-of-algeria.dz/}}
}}

The '''dinar''' ({{lang-ar|rtl=yes|1=دينار جزائري|links=|lit=|translit=Dīnār Ǧazāʾirī}}, {{lang-ber|script=Tfng|1=ⴷⵉⵏⴰⵕ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ|links=|lit=|translit=|label=}}; [[Finance:Currency symbol|sign]]: '''DA'''; [[ISO 4217|code]]: '''DZD''') is the monetary currency of Algeria and it is subdivided into 100 ''centimes''. Centimes are now obsolete due to their extremely low value.

==Etymology==
The name "dinar" is ultimately derived from the Roman denarius.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.monete-romane.com/roman_coins/denarius.html|title=Roman silver coins: denarius|website=monete-romane.com}}</ref> The Arabic word ''santīm'' comes from the French "centime", since Algeria was under French occupation from 1830 to 1962.

==History==
The dinar was introduced on 1 April 1964, replacing the Algerian new franc at par.

==Exchange rates==
The official exchange rate set by the Central Bank of Algerian: Algerian Dinar to U.S. dollar is approximately د.ج138.26 per 1 US dollar.
The real exchange rate of the Algerian Dinar to U.S. dollar is approximately د.ج212 per 1 US dollar on black market.<ref>The real exchange rate of the Algerian Dinar to U.S. dollar on black market https://usd.currencyrate.today/dzd</ref>

==Argotic counting system==
The masses rarely use the dinar as such, but the franc (officially the centime; one hundredth of a dinar) and the doro (one twentieth of a dinar). In traditional selling places such as the vegetable market or in the case of street vendors, prices are displayed in francs, in more modern shops the prices are displayed in dinars but the franc is used in speech.

==Coins==
In 1964, coins in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 centimes, and 1 dinar were introduced, with the 1, 2 and 5 centimes struck in aluminium, the 10, 20 and 50 centimes in aluminium bronze and the 1 dinar in cupro-nickel. The obverses showed the emblem of Algeria, while the reverses carried the values in [[Eastern Arabic numerals]]. In later decades, coins were issued sporadically with various commemorative subjects. However, the 1 and 2 centimes were not struck again, whilst the 5, 10 and 20 centimes were last struck in the 1980s.

In 1992, a new series of coins was introduced consisting of {{1/4}}, {{1/2}}, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 dinars. A 200 dinar bi-metallic coin was issued in 2012 to commemorate Algeria's 50th anniversary of independence.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} The 10, 20, 50, 100, and 200 dinar coins are bimetallic.

Coins in general circulation are 5 dinars and higher. Following the massive inflation which accompanied the slow transition to a more capitalist economy during the late 1990s, the centime and fractional dinar coins have dropped out of general circulation, whilst the 1 and 2 dinar coins are rarely used, as prices are rounded to the nearest 5 dinars.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bank-of-algeria.dz/piece7.htm|title=Bank of Algeria – Banque d'Algérie|date=15 December 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041215021553/http://www.bank-of-algeria.dz/piece7.htm|archive-date=15 December 2004}}</ref> Nonetheless, prices are typically quoted in centimes in colloquial speech; thus a price of 100 dinars is read as "ten thousand" ({{lang|ar|عشر الاف}}).
<gallery style="clear:both">
File:Algeria_12.gif|2 centimes, minted in 1964
File:Algeria_11.gif|5 centimes, minted in 1974
File:Algeria_10.gif|10 centimes, minted in 1984, a palm tree
File:Algeria_06.gif|20 centimes, minted in 1972, an overflowing [[Cornucopia|cornucopia]] depicting the theme of agricultural revolution
File:Algeria_07.gif|20 centimes, minted in 1975, a [[Biology:Sheep|ram]](?)
File:Algeria_08.gif|50 centimes, minted in 1975, "The 30th remembering" in [[Social:Arabic language|Arabic]] and commemorating the French Algerian Clash
File:Algeria_09.gif|1 dinar, minted in 1972, wheat, two hands (peace), and a [[Engineering:Tractor|tractor]] in foreground
File:Algeria_02.gif|5 dinar, minted in 1972, [[Biology:Wheat|Wheat]] and a [[Chemistry:Petroleum|petroleum]]-extractor in the background and commemorating the 10th anniversary of independence
File:Algeria_04.gif|5 dinar, minted in 1974, an Algerian soldier and commemorating the 20th anniversary of the Revolution
File:Algeria_05.gif|10 dinar, minted since 1979, "Bank of Algeria" in [[Social:Arabic language|Arabic]]
File:Scan of 4 Algerian coins.jpg|Current 20 and 50 dinar and obsolete 5 and 10 dinar coins
</gallery>

==Banknotes==
The ''"first series"'' of dinar [[Engineering:Banknote|banknote]]s issued in 1964 consisted of banknotes in denominations of 5, 10, 50 and 100 dinars.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bank-of-algeria.dz/piece.htm|title=Bank of Algeria – Banque d'Algérie|date=17 March 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317033623/http://www.bank-of-algeria.dz/piece.htm|archive-date=17 March 2008}}</ref> In 1970, 500 dinar banknotes were added, followed by 1000 dinars in 1992.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan="8"|  Third series<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bank-of-algeria.dz/piece3.htm|title=Bank of Algeria – Banque d'Algérie|date=29 March 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329044030/http://www.bank-of-algeria.dz/piece3.htm|archive-date=29 March 2008}}</ref>
|-
!colspan="2"| Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!rowspan="2"| Main Colour !!colspan="2"| Description !!colspan="2"| Date of
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse !! Obverse !! Reverse !! printing !! issue
|-
| 
| 
| 10 DA
| Green
| Diesel passenger train
| Mountain village
| 2 December 1983
|
|-
| 
| 
| 20 DA
| Red
| Amphora and Arch
| Handcrafts and tower
| 2 January 1983
|
|-
| 
| 
| 50 DA
| Green
| Shepherd with flock
| Farmers on a tractor
| 1 November 1977
|
|-
| 
| 
| 100 DA
| Blue
| Village with minarets
| Man working with plants
| 1 November 1981<br />
8 June 1982
|
|-
| 
| [[File:200dzd2.jpg|300px]]
| 200 DA
| Brown
| Place of the Martyrs, [[Place:Algiers|Algiers]]
| Administration Tower of [[Organization:Constantine 1 University|Constantine 1 University]], one of the various [[Engineering:Bridge|bridge]]s of Constantine
| 23 March 1983
|
|-
!colspan="8"| Fourth series<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bank-of-algeria.dz/piece4.htm|title=Bank of Algeria – Banque d'Algérie|date=26 March 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080326203508/http://www.bank-of-algeria.dz/piece4.htm|archive-date=26 March 2008}}</ref>
|-
| 
| 
| 100 DA
| Blue
| Charging Arab horse riders with sabres in a [[Seal (emblem)|seal]], and Algerian navy in a battle
| Pre-colonial invasion: Battle of El Harrach (1775) victory of the Algerian horseriders over the invading Spanish.
|rowspan="2"| 21 May 1992
|rowspan="2"| 1996
|-
| 
| 
| 200 DA
| Reddish Brown
| Decorative Koranic motifs and symbols, [[Engineering:Mosque|mosque]], olive and fig branches
| Period [[Religion:Islam|Islam]] Introduced: Traditional Koranic school and [[Religion:Kalam|Kalam]]
|-
| 
| 
| 500 DA
| Violet and pink
| [[History:Numidia|Numidia]]n Period: Battle on [[Biology:Elephant|elephant]]s between Numidians and invading Romans
| Romans fighting, a gasing in Tipaza, a hot waterfall in Hammam Debagh, Guelma Province (?)
| 21 May 1992<br />
10 June 1998
| 1996<br />
2000
|-
| 
| 
| 500 DA
| Violet and pink
| Globe, [[Engineering:Alcomsat-1|Alcomsat-1]] (Algeria's first communication's satellite)
| Satellite dishes, outline of Algeria, bridge
| 1 November 2018<br />
2018
| 2018<br />
2018
|-
| 
|
| 1000 DA
| Red and brown
| Prehistory of Algeria: A buffalo, paintings at [[Earth:Tassili n'Ajjer|Tassili n'Ajjer]]
| More paintings from the Tassili, and the Hoggar (?)
| 21 May 1992<br />
10 June 1998
| 1995<br />
2000
|-
| 
| 
| 1000 DA
| Blue and Red
| Grand mosque of Algiers
| Loom, teapot
| 1 December 2018<br />
2018
| 2018<br />
2018
|-
| 
| 
| 2000 DA
| Purple and green
| University professor lecturing students in amphitheatre, satellite, double-helix DNA strand, three researchers in scientific laboratory with microscope and beakers
| Wheat, palm tree, body of water, urban high-rise buildings, olive tree
| 24 January 2011<br />
2011
| 2011<br />
2011
|-
|-
|
| 
| 2000 DA
| Red, blue, and green
| The historical leaders of the Front de libération nationale (FLN) (Rabah Bitat (1925–2000), Mostefa Ben Boulaïd (1917–1956), Didouche Mourad (1927–1955), Mohammed Boudiaf (1919–1992), Krim Belkacem (1922–1970), and Larbi Ben M'Hidi (1923–1957)); Mountains 
| Royal Mausoleum of Batna
| 5 July 2020<br />
2020
| 2021<br />
2021
|-
|-
|
| 
| 2000 DA
| green
| Martyrs' Memorial, [[Place:Algiers|Algiers]]; map of Arab countries
| [[Earth:Tassili n'Ajjer|Tassili N'Ajjer National Park]]; Great Mosque of Algiers
| 2022
| November 2022
|-
|}
The 100 dinar note is being replaced by coins. 200, 500, and 1000 dinar notes are in circulation. The 1998 dated 500 and 1000 dinar notes have an additional vertical [[Holography|holographic]] strip on obverse.


==See also==
* Economy of Algeria
* Tunisian dinar
* Libyan dinar

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
* [https://banknotenews.com/files/tag-algeria.php banknotenews.com]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080321041206/http://www.bank-of-algeria.dz/legist5.htm Algerian Bank Regulations of 1996], for specifications of fourth series currency (French).
{{refend}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Algerian Dinar}}
[[Category:Circulating currencies]]

{{Sourceattribution|Algerian dinar}}